13任務(wù)型閱讀理解之還原句子中考題型真題練-輕松跑贏2024年英語中考

13任務(wù)型閱讀理解之還原句子中考題型真題練要點(diǎn)歸納做題技巧與策略一、題型指導(dǎo)閱讀短文還原句子的文章一般為200—250詞左右，設(shè)空位置一般為三種：段首、段尾和段中。根據(jù)歷年真題的考查可看出考題中段中設(shè)空最多，段尾次之，段首最少。其主要考查：1.學(xué)生能理解故事情節(jié)和事件發(fā)展順序。2.學(xué)生能理解段落中各句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系。二、滿分技巧1.解題步驟（1）讀選項(xiàng)，畫關(guān)鍵詞，暗排序。（2）讀文章，找邏輯，抓過渡詞。（3）先易后難來解題。（4）回讀文章定答案。2.得分技巧（1）抓住過渡詞，看住上下句。（2）盯緊橫線的前后詞語。通過學(xué)生對這類題型的解題步驟、思路及技巧的練習(xí)和實(shí)踐，可總結(jié)出以下復(fù)習(xí)策略：1.養(yǎng)成限時閱讀的習(xí)慣，提高閱讀速度。培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的閱讀技能，處理好閱讀速度與效率問題。閱讀速度應(yīng)控制在每篇5分鐘，每分鐘4050個詞為宜。2.注意?？键c(diǎn)。平時練習(xí)多注意代詞（如it，this，they）、選項(xiàng)的句內(nèi)關(guān)系（如因果、轉(zhuǎn)折）及重現(xiàn)（文章與選項(xiàng)的復(fù)現(xiàn)提示）等。3.解題技巧通讀全文，了解文章大意。根據(jù)文章整體結(jié)構(gòu)、具體內(nèi)容，并結(jié)合關(guān)鍵詞，將選項(xiàng)填入文中，再次通讀全文，重點(diǎn)考查邏輯關(guān)系和關(guān)聯(lián)結(jié)構(gòu)，研究多余選項(xiàng)，確定排除理由，最終確定答案。1.如果問題設(shè)在段首（1）通常是段落的主題句。認(rèn)真閱讀后文內(nèi)容，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，查找相關(guān)的詞，推斷出主題句。（2）與后文是并列，轉(zhuǎn)折，因果關(guān)系等。著重閱讀后文第一兩句，鎖定線索信號詞，然后在選項(xiàng)中查找相關(guān)特征詞，通常正確答案的最后一句與空白后的第一句在意思上是緊密銜接的，因此這兩句之間會有某種的銜接手段。（3）段落間的過渡句。這時要瞻前顧后找啟示，即閱讀上一段結(jié)尾部分，通常正確答案與上一段結(jié)尾有機(jī)地銜接起來，并結(jié)合下一段內(nèi)容，看所選的答案是否將兩段內(nèi)容連貫起來。2.如果問題設(shè)在段尾（1）空白前的一句或兩句是重點(diǎn)語句，重點(diǎn)閱讀以鎖定關(guān)鍵詞。（2）通常是結(jié)論，概括性語句。注意在選項(xiàng)中查找表示結(jié)果結(jié)論，總結(jié)等的信號詞，如：Therefore，asaresult，thus，hence，inshort，tosumup，toconclude，inaword等詞語，選項(xiàng)中也可發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的同義詞句。（3）與前文是轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ汝P(guān)系。此時要注意在選項(xiàng)中查找表示轉(zhuǎn)折對比的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，同時注意選項(xiàng)中所講內(nèi)容是否與前文在同一主題上形成對立、對比關(guān)系。（4）與前文是并列或排比關(guān)系。在這種情況下，通常是該段落要求補(bǔ)全說明本段主題的其他細(xì)節(jié)，因此，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，在原文和選項(xiàng)中找到相關(guān)的特征詞，通常選項(xiàng)中會出現(xiàn)表示并列或遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞或與前文類似的句式結(jié)構(gòu)，或出現(xiàn)同義詞等其他線索。（5）所選答案是引出下一段的內(nèi)容。如果在選項(xiàng)中找不出與前文之間的關(guān)聯(lián)，此時可考慮與下一段的開頭是否有一定的銜接，認(rèn)真閱讀下一段開頭幾句，看是否與選項(xiàng)的最后一句緊密連接起來。（6）如果第一段的段尾是空白，要認(rèn)真閱讀，看此處是細(xì)節(jié)還是主題，通常文章第一段要提出文章的主題，如果在段尾提出主題，會用一些信號詞如轉(zhuǎn)折詞引出來，正確答案應(yīng)有這樣的特征詞。中考題型真題練（2023·江蘇宿遷·統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Lifeisfullofunexpected(始料不及的)moments.Whetherthesemomentsaresurprisingorchallenging,weallneedtofacethembravely.1Herearefoursimpleways.TakeadeepbreathBreathingexercisecanhelprelaxusinbothmindandbody.Wecanbreathedeeplythroughournose,thenblowslowlythroughourmouth.2.BecreativeIfwefailtoexpressourselves,wecanturntoartisticoutlets(藝術(shù)表現(xiàn)途徑).3Thesecanhelpusshareourthoughtsandfeelings.4Wecangetgoodadvicethroughreading.Goodbooksaregoodfriends.Theycanhelpusfeelbetterafterabusyday.Theycanalsoopenupawholenewworldtous.Practisepositive(積極的)selftalkIfweoftenpractisenegative(負(fù)面的)selftalk,wewillthinknegativelyaboutourselves.5Shallwetrythesewayswhenwefacetheunexpectedmoments?A．DosomereadingB．Weneedtospeaktosomeonewetrust.C．Sowe’dbettertalktoourselvesinapositiveway.D．Then,howcanwestudentsfacetheseproperly?E．Thiscanbeagreatwaytohelpusfeelcalm.F．Forexample,wecancolour,paint,orkeepdiaries.G．Trydifferentthingstofindoutwhichoneisright.【答案】1．D2．E3．F4．A5．C【導(dǎo)語】本文就學(xué)生該如何面對生活中始料不及的時刻給出了一些簡單的方法。1．根據(jù)“Herearefoursimpleways.”可知此處問該如何面對，D項(xiàng)“那么，我們學(xué)生該如何正確面對這些呢？”符合語境。故選D。2．根據(jù)“Breathingexercisecanhelprelaxusinbothmindandbody.”可知深呼吸使人平靜，E項(xiàng)“這是幫助我們感到平靜的好方法。”符合語境。故選E。3．根據(jù)“Ifwefailtoexpressourselves,wecanturntoartisticoutlets.”可知此處提到藝術(shù)表現(xiàn)途徑，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“例如，我們可以上色、畫畫或記日記?！狈险Z境。故選F。4．根據(jù)“Wecangetgoodadvicethroughreading.”可知建議讀書，A項(xiàng)“讀些書”符合語境。故選A。5．根據(jù)“Practisepositiveselftalk”可知要積極與自己交談，C項(xiàng)“所以我們最好用積極的方式與自己交談?！狈险Z境。故選C。（2023·江蘇蘇州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）請認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。IoncegavealessontoagroupofprimaryschoolstudentsforaTVprogram.Isuggestedthatwecreatesmallgardens.First,Iaskedthestudentstolookfortheirfavoriteplaceintheschool.6ThenIhadeachofthemdescribetheirexperiencesofnatureinasmallgarden.Inaboxofaboutoneandahalfbytwofeet,theywerefreetoorganize—soil,stones,leavesandgrass.Evenasanactivegardendesigner,Iwasimpressedwiththeirimagination.7

Onechildcreated“water”thatflowedintoa“l(fā)ake”;anotherchildputgrassinawaytorepresent“wind”;andyetanotherchildtriedhardtocreateshade...8Thatwaswhytheytookgreatinterestwhentheycreatedtheirsmallgardens.Theyspentawonderfultimetogetherwithnature.9Ifyounoticeastonelyingontheground,pickitupandholdit.Whenyouseebeautifulflowersbythesideoftheroad,stopandenjoythepleasantsmell.Then,insideyourmind,createasmallgardenofyourown.10A．Itwillrelaxyou.B．Flowersliketheseareallaroundyou.C．Thegardenswerebuiltmanyyearsago.D．Tryspendingtimewithnatureyourself.E．Thegardenstheymadewerereallycreative.F．Oncethere,Iletthemtryhardtoemptytheirminds.G．Thesechildrenwereoftenbusydoingtheirschoolwork.【答案】6．F7．E8．G9．D10．A【導(dǎo)語】本文講述了作者曾經(jīng)給一群小學(xué)生上課，讓他們創(chuàng)建小花園，借此希望大家都可以去親近大自然，放松自己。6．根據(jù)“First,Iaskedthestudentstolookfortheirfavoriteplaceintheschool...ThenIhadeachofthemdescribetheirexperiencesofnatureinasmallgarden.”可知此處是作者讓學(xué)生們做的事情，選項(xiàng)F“一到那里，我就讓他們努力清空他們的大腦?！狈险Z境，故選F。7．根據(jù)“Evenasanactivegardendesigner,Iwasimpressedwiththeirimagination.”可知學(xué)生們創(chuàng)造的小花園給作者留下了很深的印象，選項(xiàng)E“他們做的花園真的很有創(chuàng)意。”符合語境，故選E。8．根據(jù)“Thatwaswhytheytookgreatinterestwhentheycreatedtheirsmallgardens.Theyspentawonderfultimetogetherwithnature.”可知應(yīng)該介紹孩子們在創(chuàng)建自己的小花園時產(chǎn)生了極大的興趣的原因，選項(xiàng)G“這些孩子經(jīng)常忙著做功課?！狈险Z境，故選G。9．根據(jù)“Ifyounoticeastonelyingontheground,pickitupandholdit.Whenyouseebeautifulflowersbythesideoftheroad,stopandenjoythepleasantsmell.”（如果你注意到地上有一塊石頭，就把它撿起來拿起來。當(dāng)你在路邊看到美麗的花朵時，停下來享受宜人的氣味。）可知此處作者建議大家要親近自然，選項(xiàng)D“試著自己花點(diǎn)時間親近大自然。”符合語境，故選D。10．根據(jù)“Then,insideyourmind,createasmallgardenofyourown.”可知此處應(yīng)介紹在自己的腦海里，創(chuàng)造一個屬于自己的小花園的好處，選項(xiàng)“它會讓你放松?！狈险Z境，故選A。（2023·陜西·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Farmyardrobotscancutdownchemicalpollution.11?Manyofthemusechemicalstokillweeds(雜草).Thetroubleis,theseweedkillersalsokillwildlife,polluteriversandarebadforthefields.12.Thiskindofrobotcancutweedkilleruseby90%.Therobotisreallysmartbecauseitonlykillsweedsbutnotcrops(莊稼).13?Severalcamerasarebuiltintotherobot.Thecamerasfacingthegroundtakephotostohelptherobot“see”theplantsitpasses.Therobotpareseachphototoalibraryofplantphotostodecideonwhichplantsareweeds.Robotarmsmoveintopositiontogiveasmalldose(劑量)ofweedkillerontheweeds.Therobotisenergyfriendly.14.HowtherobotwilldevelopThescientistsdonotwanttojuststopattheachievementtheyhavemade.15.Theimprovedmodelofrobotswillexactlydiscoverweedsanddigthemoutinsteadofweedkillers.Robotscouldbeprogrammedtoleavesomeharmlessweedsinthefieldstosupportwildlifelivingthere.A．ButscientistshavecreatedafarmyardrobotB．ItispoweredbytheenergyfromthesunC．WheretherobotisusedD．They’reworkingonthenewdesignstoimprovethemodelE．HowtherobotworksF．WhydofarmerschoosetherobottoworkintheirfieldsG．Howdofarmersusuallykillweedsinthefields【答案】11．G12．A13．E14．B15．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹農(nóng)家機(jī)器人可以減少化學(xué)污染。11．根據(jù)“Manyofthemusechemicalstokillweeds(雜草).”可知，他們中的許多人使用化學(xué)藥品來殺死雜草，此處提到除田里的雜草，選項(xiàng)G“農(nóng)民通常怎樣除田里的雜草”符合語境，故選G。12．根據(jù)“Thiskindofrobotcancutweedkilleruseby90%.”可知，這種機(jī)器人可以減少90%的除草劑使用量，此處提到一種機(jī)器人，選項(xiàng)A“但是科學(xué)家們創(chuàng)造了一個農(nóng)家機(jī)器人”符合語境，故選A。13．根據(jù)后三段內(nèi)容可知，介紹這種機(jī)器人是如何工作的，選項(xiàng)E“機(jī)器人是如何工作的”符合語境，故選E。14．根據(jù)“Therobotisenergyfriendly.”可知，機(jī)器人是能源友好型的，選項(xiàng)B“它是由太陽能驅(qū)動的”符合語境，故選B。15．根據(jù)“Thescientistsdonotwanttojuststopattheachievementtheyhavemade.”可知，科學(xué)家們不想僅僅停留在他們已經(jīng)取得的成就上，此處提到科學(xué)家要繼續(xù)做的事，選項(xiàng)D“他們正在進(jìn)行新設(shè)計以改進(jìn)模型”符合語境，故選D。（2023·江西·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Bambooisawonderfulplantformanypeoplearoundtheworld.16Peoplemaketables,clothes,medicine,andmusicalinstrumentswithit.Pandasmayeatbambooeveryday,butpeoplecanalsoeatit.17Somebamboogrowssoquicklythatpeoplesaytheycanwatchitgrow.Thespeedofgrowthdependsonthetypeofbamboo,theearthandtheseason.Normalbamboogrows3—10cmaday.Itusuallygrowsintropical(熱帶的)areas.18BambooplantsarefoundinAsia,Australia,partsofAfrica,andSouthAmerica.Oneoftheworld’soldestbuildingmaterialsisbamboo.Liketoday,peopleuseitbecauseit’sverystrong.Theyusedittobuildhouses,boats,andbridges.TheChinesemadeabamboobridgeovertheMinRiverinSichuan,Chinaalmost1000yearsago.19Also,bambooisstillusedtomakehousestoday,especiallyinChinaandPhilippines.Asapartofhistory,bambooisveryimportant.ThegreatscientistThomasEdisondidnotinventthelightbulb(燈泡),buthemadeitperfect.Hewantedthematerialinsidetoburnforalongperiodoftime.Hetriedover1000differenttypesofmaterials.20Oneday,hetriedtouseapieceofbambooandthelightbulblitupforoverathousandhours.Thisinventionhelpedotherscientiststomakethemodernlightbulbweusetoday.A．Youcanstillvisitittoday.B．Thereareover1000usesforit.C．However,noneworkedverywell.D．Bambooislightbecauseitisemptyinside.E．Itcanalsobefoundinotherpartsoftheworld.F．Chinesepeoplelikedrawingpicturesofbamboo.G．Thefastestgrowingplantintheworldisbamboo.【答案】16．B17．G18．E19．A20．C【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了竹子這種植物。16．根據(jù)“Peoplemaketables,clothes,medicine,andmusicalinstrumentswithit”可知竹子有很多用處，選項(xiàng)B“它有1000多種用途”符合語境。故選B。17．根據(jù)“Somebamboogrowssoquicklythatpeoplesaytheycanwatchitgrow”可知竹子長得很快，選項(xiàng)G“世界上生長最快的植物是竹子”符合語境。故選G。18．根據(jù)“BambooplantsarefoundinAsia,Australia,partsofAfrica,andSouthAmerica”可知此處介紹的是竹子的產(chǎn)地，選項(xiàng)E“它也可以在世界其他地方找到”符合語境。故選E。19．根據(jù)“TheChinesemadeabamboobridgeovertheMinRiverinSichuan,Chinaalmost1000yearsago”可知此處內(nèi)容和竹橋有關(guān)，選項(xiàng)A“你今天仍然可以參觀它”符合語境。故選A。20．根據(jù)“Hetriedover1000differenttypesofmaterials”可知他嘗試了1000多種不同類型的材料，但是都沒有成功，選項(xiàng)C“然而，沒有一個效果很好”符合語境。故選C。（2023·湖南岳陽·統(tǒng)考中考真題）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Haveyoueverdrunk“thefirstcupofmilkteainautumn”?Milkteaisenjoyedbymostyoungpeople.Therearesomanymilkteashopsaroundeverystreet.21suchasbubblemilktea(珍珠奶茶),housemilktea(招牌奶茶)andicedmilktea.Butitisalsoagoodideatomakeacupofmilkteabyhandathome.TodayDIY(DoitYourself)isverypopularwithyoungpeople.Ontheonehand,itcangivepeoplerealexperienceindoingsomethingandtheycanexpresstheirownideasbyDIY.22It’stimetomakeicedmilktea.→First,preparethingsyouneed,theyaremilk,blacktea,sugarorhoney,andsomeice.→Then,boiltheblackteauntilthewaterturnslightbrown.23Add1/4or1/2cupofice,itwillmelt(溶解)andbringtheteadowntoaroomtemperature.→Next,pourthemilkintothetea,andmixthemup.→Afterthat,addsugarorhoneytoadjust(調(diào)整)thetaste.24→Generally,milkteaiscooledinafridge.25→Finally,addsomethingelseyoulike.Now,enjoythedeliciousmilkteawithyourfriendsorfamily,weknowthateverythingisbetterwhenshared.A．Don’tforgettoaddateaspoonofhoney.B．Ifyouwanttodrinkicedteawithoutwaiting,you’llneedtoaddmoreice.C．Thecoloroflightbrownmeanstheteaisready.D．Ontheotherhand,theycanenjoythehappinessfromitandgetthesenseofsuccess.E．Trynottoaddtoomuch.F．It’sdifficultforustomakeacupofmilktea.G．Peoplehavedifferentchoicesdependingontheirtastes.【答案】21．G22．D23．C24．E25．B【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了制作冰奶茶的方法。21．根據(jù)“suchasbubblemilktea(珍珠奶茶),housemilktea(招牌奶茶)andicedmilktea.”可知此處是列舉不同口味的奶茶，選項(xiàng)G“人們有不同的選擇取決于他們的口味?！狈险Z境，故選G。22．根據(jù)“Ontheonehand”可知此處應(yīng)該介紹另一方面，選項(xiàng)D“另一方面，他們可以從中享受快樂，獲得成功的感覺?！狈险Z境，故選D。23．根據(jù)“Then,boiltheblackteauntilthewaterturnslightbrown”可知要把紅茶煮至水變成淺褐色。選項(xiàng)C“茶色變成淺棕色意味著茶煮好了?！狈险Z境，故選C。24．根據(jù)“Afterthat,addsugarorhoneytoadjust(調(diào)整)thetaste.”可知此處是添加糖或蜂蜜調(diào)整味道，選項(xiàng)E“盡量不要添加太多。”符合語境，故選E。25．根據(jù)“Generally,milkteaiscooledinafridge.”可知把奶茶放在冰箱里冷卻，選項(xiàng)B“如果你不想等就喝冰茶，你需要加更多的冰?！狈险Z境，故選B。（2023·黑龍江綏化·統(tǒng)考中考真題）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從下列選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)多余.Differentcolorshavedifferenteffectsonus26Weusecolorswhichmakeusfeelsafeandfortabletodecorateourhomes.Wedressourselvesandshowourselvestotheworldinourfavoritecolors.Colors’influenceoverallofusispowerfulandthefollowingaresomeoffunfactsaboutcolorsthatmaysurpriseyou.27Studieshavefoundthatbabiesasyoungastwoweeksoldcantell(辨別)thecolorredfromothercolors.Astheygrowup,thenumberofcolorstheycantellcontinuestoincreaseuntiltheycantellallthecolorsbytheageaboutfivemonths.

28Studiesofaccidentsandcolorshavefoundthatwhiteisthecolorofcarsleastlikelytocauseanaccidentresultingindeath.29Black.Itisfoundthatdeadlyaccidentsare12percentmorelikelytohappenamongcarsofthatcolor.30Scientistssuggestthatifyouareonadiet,remembernottousethesetwocolorsinyourkitchen!Itisfoundthatpeopleeat24percentmorefoodwhenseeingredwithyellow.Fastfoodpaniesfoundthisoutyearsagoandstartedusingthesetwocolorsintheirs(標(biāo)識；標(biāo)志),advertisementsandrestaurantdesigns(設(shè)計).A．Redisthefirstcolorababysees.B．Greenisthecolorofnatureandrepresents(代表)newlifeandgrowth.C．Wearesurrounded(環(huán)繞)bycolorsandweusethemeveryday.D．Bluecanmakepeoplefeelpeacefulandcalm.E．Whiteisthecolorofsafety.F．Yellowandredtogethermakeyouhungry.G．Whatistheleastsafecolor?【答案】26．C27．A28．E29．G30．F【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講顏色對我們的影響很大，介紹了一些關(guān)于顏色的事實(shí)。26．根據(jù)“Weusecolorswhichmakeusfeelsafeandfortabletodecorateourhomes.”可知顏色無處不在，C項(xiàng)“我們被顏色包圍著，我們每天都在使用它們?！狈险Z境。故選C。27．根據(jù)“Studieshavefoundthatbabiesasyoungastwoweeksoldcantellthecolorredfromothercolors.”可知嬰兒最先認(rèn)識紅色，A項(xiàng)“紅色是嬰兒看到的第一個顏色。”符合語境。故選A。28．根據(jù)“Studiesofaccidentsandcolorshavefoundthatwhiteisthecolorofcarsleastlikelytocauseanaccidentresultingindeath.”可知白色很安全，E項(xiàng)“白色是安全的顏色?！狈险Z境。故選E。29．根據(jù)“Black.Itisfoundthatdeadlyaccidentsare12percentmorelikelytohappenamongcarsofthatcolor.”可知此處講到不安全的顏色，G項(xiàng)“最不安全的顏色是什么？”符合語境。故選G。30．根據(jù)“Itisfoundthatpeopleeat24percentmorefoodwhenseeingredwithyellow.”可知紅色和黃色在一起會讓人吃更多，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“黃色和紅色一起讓你感到饑餓?！狈险Z境。故選F。（2023·黑龍江大慶·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Choosethesentencestopletethepassage.Weoftenhaveargumentsinallrelationships.Butthatisnotalwaysabadthing.Sometimeswecanchoosetobeinawinwinsituation.Whatisimportantishowwemanagetheargument.31Treateachotherwithrespect.Ifyourfriendcallsyournamesormakesfunofyou,tellhimorhertostop.32,walkawayandtellhimorheryoudonotwanttotalkanymore.Respecthastobewonandifyouwantpeopletorespectyou,dothesametothem.Listentootherpeoplepatiently.Wheneveryoneistalking,whodoesthelistening?Listentounderstand,nottoreply.33Listeninginsilenceissometimesstrongerthanarguinginvain(徒勞無益).34Ifgivingintootherscanleadtoaniceresult,thereisnoneedtoarguejusttowinsomeoneelse.Afterall.solvinganargumentdoesn’thavetobeatugofwar(拔河).Inaword,weeachshoulddoourownparttodealwitharguments.35A．IfyourfriendcontinuesB．Giveinwhenitisnecessary.C．Ifyoudon’twanttotalkaboutyourfriendD．Thefollowingsuggestionsmighthelpyou.E．Donotbetooquicktojudgewhatyouhear.F．Themoreyoutalk,thebettertheresultwillbe.G．Inthisway,wecanachieveawinwinsituation.【答案】31．D32．A33．E34．B35．G【導(dǎo)語】本文主要針對如何處理爭論提供了幾點(diǎn)建議。31．根據(jù)“Whatisimportantishowwemanagetheargument.”及下文的建議可知，此處應(yīng)是一句承上啟下的話，引出下文的建議，D選項(xiàng)“下面的建議可能會對你有所幫助”符合，故選D。32．根據(jù)“Ifyourfriendcallsyournamesormakesfunofyou,tellhimorhertostop”及“walkawayandtellhimorheryoudonotwanttotalkanymore”可知，如果朋友取笑你，你可以要求停止，但是如果他不停止，你可以走開或者告訴他不想再聊了，A選項(xiàng)“如果你的朋友繼續(xù)”符合，故選A。33．根據(jù)“Listeninginsilenceissometimesstrongerthanarguinginvain”可知，此處提到了注意傾聽，E選項(xiàng)“不要急于判斷你所聽到的”符合，故選E。34．根據(jù)“Ifgivingintootherscanleadtoaniceresult,thereisnoneedtoarguejusttowinsomeoneelse.”可知，B選項(xiàng)“在必要的時候讓步”符合，本段的建議是與“讓步”有關(guān)，故選B。35．根據(jù)“Inaword,weeachshoulddoourownparttodealwitharguments.”可知，此處是總結(jié)概括的一句話，G選項(xiàng)“這樣，我們才能實(shí)現(xiàn)雙贏”符合，故選G。（2023·山東濟(jì)南·統(tǒng)考中考真題）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Wealllovespendingtimebythesea.Someluckyonesmightliveonthecoastandenjoythebenefits(益處)allaroundtheyear.36Mostofuswouldsaywefeelhealthierbytheocean.Inthepast,doctorswouldactuallysuggestspendingtimebytheseatotheirpatients.Andresearchhasshownthatpeoplewholiveonthecoastaremorelikelytobelievetheirhealthisgoodparedtothoselivinginacity.Sohowdowebenefit,exactly?Well,tostartwith,it’sgreatforourmental(心理)health.Scientistshavediscoveredthatwehavesomethingcalledabluemind.Theyhaveshownthatwatching,listeningtothewaves(海浪)orbeingintheoceanhelpsourbrainsslowdown.37Thisiswhypeoplewhohavetroublesleepingareoftentoldtolistentorecordingsofthesoundofwaveshittingthebeachtohelpthemrelaxatbedtime.38Wegooutalotmorewhenwe’reonholidaybythesea.Weoftenbeemoreactiveonholidaysandpeoplewholiveonthecoastareusuallymoreactivetoo.39Walkingonsandrequiresmoreeffortthanonthepavement.Andtheseaairisgoodforpeoplewithbreathingproblemstoo.Thereislesspollutionintheairneartheoceanandinautumnandwintertheairisfresher.Thisishealthierthanthedryairinhomeswithcentralheating.Ithasevenbeenfoundthatthechemicalsinseawatermayhelpushavehealthyskin.40Welookforwardsomuchtohavingournextone!A．Breathingtheairinthecitymakesyoumoreactive.B．Othersusuallyhavetowaitforthenextvacation.C．Beingbytheseaisalsogoodforourphysicalhealth.D．Kidsespeciallyliketohavefunbytheseainsummer.E．Naturallyweoftenfeelsogreatattheendofaseasideholiday.F．Thesoundofthemcanhelpusrelaxandfeelfreefromstress.G．Andifyoutakeyourwalksonthebeach,thisisalotbetter.【答案】36．B37．F38．C39．G40．E【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹如何從海邊受益。36．根據(jù)“Someluckyonesmightliveonthecoastandenjoythebenefits(益處)allaroundtheyear.”可知，一些幸運(yùn)的人可能住在海邊，一年四季都能享受到好處。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，此處是some...others...結(jié)構(gòu)，選項(xiàng)B“其他人通常要等到下一個假期?！狈险Z境，故選B。37．根據(jù)“Theyhaveshownthatwatching,listeningtothewaves(海浪)orbeingintheoceanhelpsourbrainsslowdown.”可知，他們已經(jīng)證明，觀察、傾聽海浪或在海洋中可以幫助我們的大腦慢下來。此處提到幫助我們慢下來的大海的聲音，選項(xiàng)F“它們的聲音可以幫助我們放松，擺脫壓力?！狈险Z境，故選F。38．根據(jù)“Wegooutalotmorewhenwe’reonholidaybythesea.Weoftenbeemoreactiveonholidaysandpeoplewholiveonthecoastareusuallymoreactivetoo.”可知，當(dāng)我們在海邊度假時，我們外出的次數(shù)要多得多。我們經(jīng)常在假期變得更活躍，住在海邊的人通常也更活躍。此處提到在海邊對人們的好處，選項(xiàng)C“在海邊對我們的身體健康也有好處?！狈险Z境，故選C。39．根據(jù)“Walkingonsandrequiresmoreeffortthanonthepavement.”可知，在沙灘上行走比在人行道上行走更費(fèi)力氣。此處提到在沙灘上行走，選項(xiàng)G“如果你在沙灘上散步，這就好多了?！狈险Z境，故選G。40．根據(jù)“Welookforwardsomuchtohavingournextone!”可知，我們非常期待我們的下一次，因?yàn)槎燃俚慕?jīng)歷很棒，所以期待下一次在海邊度假。選項(xiàng)E“在海邊度假結(jié)束時，我們自然會感覺很棒。”符合語境，故選E。（2023·江蘇鹽城·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Choosingacareerisn’talwayseasy,buttherearestillsometipsyoucantaketohelpmakeupyourmind.Don’tletotherpeopledecidewhatyoushoulddo.Sometimesadultsmaywantyoutobeeadoctor,orworkinbanking,orbeateacher.Listentothem,butrememberit’syourlifeandit’syourdecision.41Considerwhatyouaregoodat.It’struethatthingslikesalaryareimportant,butdon’tletthemleadyoudownthewrongpath.Followyourheartandyourpersonality.42Ifyoudon’tlikeworkwhichneedslotsofattentiontodetail,thinklongandhardbeforeyoudecidetodosomethinglikeapplyingtostudyengineeringatuniversity.Yourfirstdecisionisn’tforever.43Theystartajob,loveitstraightawayandstickatit.Butitisn’talwayslikethat.Sorememberthatyouareallowedtochangeyourmind.It’snotnecessarytoworryforyears.Maybeyourfirstjobdoesn’tturnouttobesuitableforyou.Maybetherightjobforyouisrightaroundthecorner!44Somepeoplechoosetheircareersimplybecausetheythinkthey’llmakehugeamountsofmoney.OK,ifthatiswhatyouwant.But,generally,peoplegetmoresatisfactionoutoftheircareeriftheyfeeltheyaredoingsomethingvaluableforothers.Itdoesn’thavetobecharitywork.45Justdon’tforgetthatjobsatisfactionisn’tonlyaboutmoney.A．Dosomethingofvalue.B．Otherscandecideyourfuture.C．Someluckypeoplegetitrightfirsttime.D．Sobesurethatyouaretheonewhomakesthatdecision.E．Itcouldbeajobthathelpsotherpeopleinthemunity.F．Ifyouareveryactive,don’tchooseanofficejob,evenifthepayisgood.【答案】41．D42．F43．C44．A45．E【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了如何正確選擇職業(yè)。41．根據(jù)上文“Listentothem,butrememberit’syourlifeandit’syourdecision.”可知，本段內(nèi)容告訴我們在選擇職業(yè)時，我們可以傾聽別人的建議，但要明確自己到底想做什么，自己做決定。選項(xiàng)D“因此確保你是做出決定的人?！狈险Z境。故選D。42．根據(jù)上一句“Followyourheartandyourpersonality.”和下一句“Ifyoudon’tlikeworkwhichneedslotsofattentiontodetail,thinklongandhardbeforeyoudecidetodosomethinglikeapplyingtostudyengineeringatuniversity.”可知，要遵從你自己的心和性格，并舉例說明如果你不喜歡需要關(guān)注細(xì)節(jié)的工作，在決定申請大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)工程之前，要仔細(xì)思考。此處應(yīng)是舉例說明工作應(yīng)與自己的性格相關(guān)。選項(xiàng)F“如果你很活躍，不要選擇辦公室工作，即使薪水很高?！狈险Z境。故選F。43．根據(jù)下一句“Theystartajob,loveitstraightawayandstickatit.”可知，有些人開始了一份工作，很快愛上了它，并堅持了下去。說明這些人是幸運(yùn)的。選項(xiàng)C“有些幸運(yùn)的人第一次就做對了。”符合語境。故選C。44．根據(jù)下文“But,generally,peoplegetmoresatisfactionoutoftheircareeriftheyfeeltheyaredoingsomethingvaluableforothers.”可知，這一段主要說明如果人們覺得自己在為他人做有價值的事情，他們會從自己的職業(yè)生涯中獲得更多的滿足感。由此可知工作應(yīng)與有價值的事情有關(guān)。選項(xiàng)A“做一些有價值的事?！狈险Z境。故選A。45．根據(jù)上一句“Itdoesn’thavetobecharitywork.”可知，有價值的事情不一定要是慈善工作，說明還可以是其他形式的工作。選項(xiàng)E“這可能是一份幫助社區(qū)其他人的工作?！狈险Z境。故選E。（2023·山東德州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）ZhangJinyuanis94yearsold.However,shehasneverstoppedpursuing(追求)hernursingdreaminNanchang,JiangxiProvince.46,thehighestinternationalhonorfornurses.ThemedalwassettorememberFlorenceNightingale(1820—1910)whodidalotofworkeducatingpeopleabouttheimportanceofkeepinghospitalsclean.47.RecentlyMissZhanghasbeenpresentedthe2023InternationalAchievementAwardbytheInternationalFoundation.Theawardisofferedtwiceayeartoapracticingnursewithatleast10yearsofnursingexperience.48:directcare,education,managementorresearch.Uptonow,shehasworkedinclinical(臨床的)nursingformorethan40years.49,andshehasalsowrittenmorethan100nursingpapersandmade37nursingresearchprojects.Afterherretirement(退休),sheisstillactiveinvolunteering.In2000,MissZhang,togetherwithother17retirednurses,setupacaringcenterinNanchang,providingcaringserviceatmunitylevel.50.By2023,thecenterhas19,251volunteerstoprovideservicesformorethan700,000residents(居民).A．TodayinmodernhospitalsthisworkisstillcarriedonB．Shehasgivenmorethan1,000reportsC．That’swhyshelivedinHongKongD．20yearsago,shewontheFlorenceNightingaleMedalE．TheexperienceismainlyinoneofthefollowingnursingfieldsF．Now,moreandmorevolunteersarejoiningthevolunteernursingteam【答案】46．D47．A48．E49．B50．F【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了不停追求自己護(hù)理夢的94歲護(hù)士章金媛。46．根據(jù)“thehighestinternationalhonorfornurses”可知此處介紹她獲得了一個獎項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)D“20年前，她獲得了弗洛倫斯·南丁格爾獎?wù)隆狈险Z境。故選D。47．根據(jù)“whodidalotofworkeducatingpeopleabouttheimportanceofkeepinghospitalsclean.”可知南丁格爾做了很多工作來教育人們保持醫(yī)院清潔的重要性，選項(xiàng)A“今天，在現(xiàn)代醫(yī)院，這項(xiàng)工作仍在繼續(xù)”符合語境。故選A。48．根據(jù)“directcare,education,managementorresearch.”可知此處介紹的是經(jīng)驗(yàn)領(lǐng)域，選項(xiàng)E“經(jīng)驗(yàn)主要在以下護(hù)理領(lǐng)域之一”符合語境。故選E。49．根據(jù)“andshehasalsowrittenmorethan100nursingpapersandmade37nursingresearchprojects.”可知此處介紹她的工作經(jīng)歷，選項(xiàng)B“她做了1000多份報告”符合語境。故選B。50．根據(jù)“By2023,thecenterhas19,251volunteerstoprovideservicesformorethan700,000residents”可知此處介紹的是她的這個護(hù)理中心，選項(xiàng)F“現(xiàn)在，越來越多的志愿者加入了志愿者護(hù)理團(tuán)隊(duì)”符合語境。故選F。（2023·遼寧鞍山·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Haveyoueverforgottenwhereyoursocksarewhenyouwakeupinthemorning?Canyourememberwhatyouateforlunchaweekago51Butnowyoushouldbethankful.ScientistsfromtheUniversityofTorontofoundthatforgettingisactuallyakeypartoflearning.Clearingoutunnecessaryinformationcanhelpourbrainsworkbetter.52Scientistssaythatthismayhavesomethingtodowiththeenvironmentwelivein.53Forexample,asupermarketcashier(收銀員)meetsmanypeopleeverydayandwillprobablyonlyrememberthemforashorttime.Butadesignerwhooftenmeetshisorhercustomerswillrememberlonger.That’sbecauseourbrainskeepmakingnewneurons(神經(jīng)元)fromstemcells(干細(xì)胞),saidPaulFrankland,aprofessorattheUniversityofToronto.Thereisaspecialareainourbrainscalledthehippocampus(海馬體).54Whennewneuronsgointothehippocampus,theyrenewouroldmemories.However,sleephasagreatinfluenceonourmemories.55Sleephelpsthebrainstoreandkeepnewfactsandinformation,saidMatthewWalkerfromtheUniversityofCalifornia.A．Whatkindofinformationisunnecessary?B．Itisimportantforuswhenwelearnandrememberthings.C．Youmaythinkthatbeingforgetfulisnotagoodthing.D．Whenwedon’thaveenoughsleep,wemayhaveahardtimerememberingnewinformation.E．Inanenvironmentthatisalwayschanging,ourbrainsmayrequireustorememberless.【答案】51．C52．A53．E54．B55．D【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了科學(xué)家們對于大腦記憶的新發(fā)現(xiàn)。遺忘是正常的，除去沒用的信息，可以幫助人們更好地利用大腦工作和學(xué)習(xí)。51．根據(jù)“Butnowyoushouldbethankful.”可知but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，前面應(yīng)該是和“心存感激”相反的內(nèi)容。選項(xiàng)C“你可能認(rèn)為健忘不是一件好事。”符合語境，故選C。52．根據(jù)“Clearingoutunnecessaryinformationcanhelpourbrainsworkbetter”可知此處講的是清除不必要的信息可以幫助我們的大腦更好地工作。選項(xiàng)A“哪些信息是不必要的？”符合語境，故選A。53．根據(jù)“Scientistssaythatthismayhavesomethingtodowiththeenvironmentwelivein.”可知此處講述的是環(huán)境的影響。選項(xiàng)E“在一個不斷變化的環(huán)境中，我們的大腦可能會要求我們記住更少。”符合語境，故選E。54．根據(jù)“Thereisaspecialareainourbrainscalledthehippocampus(海馬體)”可知說的是人大腦里的海馬體，選項(xiàng)B“當(dāng)我們學(xué)習(xí)和記憶事物時，它對我們很重要?！狈险Z境，故選B。55．根據(jù)“However,sleephasagreatinfluenceonourmemories”可知睡眠對記憶力有很大的影響。選項(xiàng)D“當(dāng)我們沒有足夠的睡眠時，我們可能很難記住新的信息?！狈险Z境，故選D。（2023·湖北黃石·統(tǒng)考中考真題）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選出適當(dāng)?shù)木渥友a(bǔ)全短文，使短文意思通順，內(nèi)容完整。Imaginethis:yousitdownandbegintoeatatastytomatowhen,suddenly,itstartstoscream(尖叫)!Thisthingwillneverreallyhappen.56Researchersdidthestudy.Theyusedultrasonicmicrophones(超聲波麥克風(fēng))torecordthesoundsoftomatoplantsinboxes.57:onegroupwasn’twateredforfivedays,anothergrouphadthestems(莖)cutoffandthethirdgroupwasuntouched.Itturnedoutthatthefirsttwogroupsmadesounds30to50timesperhouratafrequency(頻率)of40to80kilohertz,whiletheuntouchedgrouponlymadethesoundonceperhour.Whentomatoesarenotstressedatall,theyareveryquiet.58,buttheybelievethenoiseesfromthebreakingofairbubbles(氣泡)intheplants.Thismeansthenoiseproducedbytheplantsisnotintentional(故意的)oraformofactivemunication.Thereisnoevidence(證據(jù))thatplantscanintentionallymunicate.59.Forexample,thesoundcantellamoth(蛾子)thattheplantisunderstressandnotsuitabletolayeggson.Ananimalthatwantstoeataplantcouldalsousethesound