陜西2026年高中學(xué)業(yè)水平合格考試英語試卷試題（含答案詳解）

試卷第=page11頁，共=sectionpages33頁試卷第=page11頁，共=sectionpages33頁2026陜西高中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試英語試卷試題時間：90分鐘滿分：100分第一部分聽力（共10小題，每小題1.5分，滿分15分）第一節(jié)（共5小題：每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面幾段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置，聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．Wherearethespeakersprobably?A．Onabusystreet.

B．InaBeijingHotel.

C．Atastation.2．Whatdoesthemanthinkofthebook?A．Funny.

B．Scientific.

C．Serious.3．Whatdoesthewomanreallymean?A．Sheisverybusy.

B．SheisafraidofMrPatrick.C．She’llbehavingalesson.4．WhenwillthemanleaveforLiverpool?A．At12:00.

B．At14:30.

C．At17:30.5．WhatdoesLadyOrlanddonow?A．Asinger

B．Aplaywriter.

C.Adancer.第二節(jié)（共2小題；每小題1.5分，滿分3分）聽下面一段對話，回答第6和第7小題，本段對話讀兩遍。6．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A．Familyrules.

B．Schooldays.

C．Weekendplans.7．WhatcanthespeakersdoonFridaynights?A．Stayovernightatfriends’house.B．Studyatschool.C．Seeamovie.第三節(jié)（共3小題；每小題1.5分，滿分4.5分）聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第8至10題，本段獨(dú)白讀兩遍。8．Whatdoesthespeakeradvisepeopletodotokeeptheirsuitcasessafewhiletravelling?A．Takebigsuitcases.

B．Usesafetylocks.

C．Useplainsuitcases.9．Whatcanpeopledofortheirchildrenwhentravellingwiththem?A．GivethemasmalliPad.B．Keepthemawayfromsweets.C．Bringafewtoys.10．Howcanpeopleathomeknowaboutyourtravel?A．Byletters.

B．Byemails.

C．Throughsocialmedia.第二部分閱讀理解（共2節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)閱讀理解（共15小題，每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AMasterGardenerVolunteersWantedWhyBecomeaMasterGardener?TheMasterGardenerprogramisanall-volunteerorganizationwhereyoucandevelopyourownleadershipandteachingskillswhileteachingtheyoungeryouthabouthealthyeating,agriculture,andsoon!MasterGardenersinvolvepeopleinactivitiestoimprovetheirgeneralwell-beingandoverallenjoymentoflifebyhelpingthemfindsoundmanagementpracticesforhomeandurbannaturalresources,bycreatingpleasingenvironmentsthroughpeople-plantinteractionsandhorticulturaltherapy(園藝療法),andbyprovidingasafefoodsupplythroughhomefruitandvegetableproduction.WhatQualificationsMustYouMeet?AnyonecanapplytobeaMasterGardener—youdon’tneedtobeanexpertorhaveadegree.Youdo,however,needto:●Havecertainexperienceorknowalittleaboutgardeningorlandscapemanagement.●Bewillingtosharehorticultureinformationwithothers.●Bewillingtoattendatrainingprogramandcandevotetimetovolunteeringandcontinuingeducation.Besides,tobecomeaMasterGardenervolunteer,eachapplicantneedstocompleteanapplication,preparebackgroundscreeningpaperworkandscheduleaninterviewwithextensionstaff.WhatDoestheTrainingInvolve?Trainingsessionsareofferedonedayaweekoverathree-monthperiodandareledbyexperteducatorsintheregion.Approximately60hoursofclassroominstructionandfieldstudyand60hoursofvolunteerinternship(實(shí)習(xí))workarerequiredtocompletetheprogramandbecomecertified.InordertoremainacertifiedMasterGardener,30hoursofvolunteerworkand10hoursofcontinuingeducationoradvancedtrainingarerequiredeachyear.1．WhatdoesaMasterGardenerdo?A．Helppromotethewell-beingofpeople.B．Trainvolunteerstohelpwithgardening.C．Teachtheyoungaboutcookingandfarming.D．Increasetheoutputofhomefruitandvegetable.2．WhatisrequiredifyouwanttoapplytobeaMasterGardener?A．Acquiringexcellentteachingskills.B．Havingsomerelevantknowledge.C．Completinggiventrainingsessions.D．Obtainingrichvolunteerexperience.3．HowlongwillittaketobecomeacertifiedMasterGardener?A．Ayear. B．Threemonths. C．About160hours. D．About120hours.BWilliamLindesay,afamousGreatWallexpertandconservationist,andhiswifeWuQihavetraveledtheglobebythebackpaths,providingtheirsonswithauniquegrowingenvironment.Sunhats,backpacksandsneakers(運(yùn)動鞋)—thesearetheday-to-daymust-havesforthefamily.Mostoftheirtripsseemfarfromrelaxing—culturalstudyinthehotanddrydesert,a53-kilometerhikingtourofNewZealand,aone-dayclimbtothreeEnglishmountaintopsandasix-daytrainridefromBeijingtoMoscow.Manyassumethefamilymustbewealthyandcanaffordtheirglobaltravel,buttheyarenot.Lindesaysaystheyjustchoosetospendmoneyontravelandeschewpriceyhotelsandrestaurantswherepossible.LindesaymentionsthetriptoMoscowasanexample.Insteadoftakingataxifromtherailwaystationtothehotel,theytookthesubway.“Wecrossedthecityforsavingmoney,communicatedwithlocalpeople,andsawtheyarepeoplejustlikeus,everywhere.Wearrivedatourdestinationfeelingcomfortable.”However,theirjourneys,whichcanlastweeksormonths,havesometimesbeeninconsistentwiththeirchildren’sschooling.WuremembersonceLindesaylettheireldersonaskforleavesothattheycouldgotoNewYorkfora45-daylecturetour.Thereforethesonmissedhisfinalexam.Thingslikethatbotherthefamilyallthetime.Lindesayattachesgreatimportancetolearningoutoftheclassroom,sayingthatchildrenmightscorewellonschooltests,buttravelingoutside,indistantlandswithdifferentlanguages,cultures,andpoliticalstructures,istherealtest.“Youcanonlygetstreetwiseonthestreet.Youcanonlygetworldly-wisewhenseeingtheworld,”hesays.4．HowcanwedescribetheLindesays’trips?A．Pleasant. B．Conventional C．Challenging. D．Dangerous.5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eschew”inparagraph3mean?A．Visit. B．Avoid. C．Compare. D．Evaluate.6．Whatproblemdoesthefamilymeetwhentraveling?A．Theyhaveschedulingconflicts.B．Theysufferfromatightbudget.C．Theyarefacedwithlanguagebarriers.D．Theyholddifferenteducationalideas.7．WhichstatementmayLindesayagreewithaccordingtothetext?A．Toughnessisthebestassistantofwill. B．Manwhotravelsfarknowsmore.C．Actionsspeaklouderthanwords. D．Thereisnoroyalroadtolearning.CThere’safamousstoryaboutNASAandtheRussianspaceprogramme.ItissaidthatNASAspentmillionsofdollarsdevelopingapenthatwouldwriteinspace.TheRussians,ontheotherhand,justusedapencil.Thisstoryisn’ttrue,butithelpsillustratetheusefulnessofpencils.TheearliestformofthepencilwasametalstickthatwasusedbytheRomans.Thepencilthatweknow,however,gotitsstartinEnglandin1564.Inthatyear,farmersinacountynorthofLondondiscoveredgraphite(石墨),whichtheycalled“blacklead”andusedtomarksheep.Therewasonlyoneproblem:thegraphiteblackenedtheirhandsandclothes.Topreventthisfromhappening,theycoveredsheepskinaroundgraphitesticks.TheItaliansfinallythoughtofputtingthegraphiteintoawoodenholder.Atfirst,theydugoutwoodandslidthegraphitein.Later,though,theyputthegraphitebetweentwopiecesofwoodandgluedthewoodtogether.Then,in1662,someGermanslearnedhowtousepowdered(粉末的)graphiteandbeganmass-producingpencils.Thenextmajordevelopmentoccurredinthemid-18thcentury,whenwarbrokeoutbetweenEnglandandFrance.SinceEnglandhadtheonlysourceofgraphite,Francewasunabletoimportthemineral.ThisledaFrenchmantomixclay(黏土)withthegraphitepowderthathehad.Bychangingtheamountofgraphiteinthemixture,hecouldcontrolthehardnessanddarknessofthepencil.TheHB(HardnessandBlackness)systemofpencilswasthusborn.Soonafterthat,pencilswereproducedinlargenumbersandbecamecommoneverywhere.Pencilsareprimarilyusedtowrite,buttheycanserveinotherrolestoo.Forexample,rubapenciloveranewly-boughtkeytoensurethatitslideseasilyintoalock.Thismethodalsoworkswithzippers(拉鏈)thatarerepeatedlygettingstuck.Additionally,useitasareplacementforarulertohelpyoudrawstraightlines.Today,morethan15billionpencilsaremadeeachyear.Formany,thepencilistheirpreferredchoiceforawritingtool.Itsdesignmayhavechangedthroughouttheyears,yetitsusefulnesshasallowedittocontinuemakingamarkonourlives.8．WhatdoesthestoryabouttheRussianspaceprogrammehelptoshow?A．Thedarknessofpencils. B．Theweaknessofpencils.C．Thehardnessofpencils. D．Theusefulnessofpencils.9．Whowerethefirsttothinkofputtingthegraphiteintoawoodenholder?A．Italians. B．Germans. C．Englishmen. D．Frenchmen.10．Whatmadepencilsbecomecommoneverywhere?A．Theoutbreakofawar. B．Theuseofgluedwood.C．ThebirthoftheHBsystem. D．Theimportofthegraphite.11．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Theeffectofpencils. B．Thehistoryofpencils.C．Thedesignofpencils. D．Thevarietyofpencils.DRecyclingisagreatwayofdoingyourbitfortheenvironmentandhelpingtoprotecttheearth’spreciousresources.However,anewstudyhasrevealedthatourdesiretobesustainablemaybedoingmoreharmthangood.AccordingtowastecompanyBiffa,thisisbecauseof“wish-cycling”—assumingthatitemssuchasdisposablecoffeecupsandpizzaboxeswillberecycledifputintherecyclingbin.Infact,pollutionfromthoseitemsorothernon-recyclablescanresultinrecyclableitemsthathavebeenputinthecorrectbingoingtolandfill.DavidHeaton,abusinessdirectoratBiffa,said:“Pollutionhappenswhenitemsaredisposedofinthewrongbinsorhaven’tbeencleanedbeforebeingrecycled.”ExpertsatBiffaanalyzedtheamountsofnon-targetandnon-recyclablematerialsthatenteredUKmaterialrecyclingfacilitiesbetween2016and2020.Itwasfoundthat,in2016,theaveragepollutionrateofrecyclingwastewas13.4percent,risingoverfouryearsto17percentbytheendof2020.Thisshowsthat,evenaspeoplearebecomingmoreeco-conscious,wish-cyclingisincreasingbothinhouseholdsandbusinesses.TheBiffaexpertssaythatoneofthebestwaystopreventpollutionofrecyclingistocleanrecyclablewastebeforeputtingitinthebin.Theysuggestcuttingoffthetopofoldpizzaboxesandonlyrecyclingthatparttoavoidpollutionfromthegrease(油脂).Checktheon-packagingrecyclinglabeltocheckitcanactuallyberecycledWhenitcomestoplastics,Biffarecommendscheckingtheresincode,thenumberintheplastictriangle,toknowwhetheritshouldgointherecyclingbin.Ingeneral,resincodes1,2,4and5arerecyclable,while3,6and7arenot.Largeritems,likeelectronics,furnitureandbatteries,canalsoberecycledbutoftencannotgoinhouseholdrecyclingbinsastheyneedspecialistseparating.Thesewillneedtobetakentorecyclingcentersorsustainablewastemanagementcompanies.“It’svitalasanationthatwegetbetterateffective‘pre-cycling’—sortingwastecorrectlybeforecollectiontoreducepollutionrates,”addedMr.Heaton.12．What’sthetruthof“wish-cycling”accordingtothefirstparagraph?A．Thedesiretoleadasustainablelife.B．Thegoodintentiontohelprecycling.C．Thehabitofthrowingitemsthatendupinlandfills.D．Thepracticeofrecyclingitemsthatcannotberecycled.13．WhathasexpertsatBiffaconcludedaftertheiranalysis?A．Peoplearebecomingmoreeco-conscious.B．Wish-cyclingisontheriseinrecentyears.C．Pollutionhappenslessfrequentlyinrecyclingfacilities.D．Peopleareusedtocleaningrecyclablewastebeforeputtingitinthebin.14．Whichofthefollowingisaproperwayofrecycling?A．Disposeofelectronicstogetherwithhouseholdwaste.B．Skipthestepofcheckingtheon-packagingrecyclinglabel.C．Checktheresincodeofplasticstoseewhetheritisrecyclableornot.D．Cutoffthetopofoldpizzaboxandthrowtheresttotherecyclingbin.15．Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A．Recycling:aBigProject B．Wish-cycling:aNewTrendC．Wish-cycling:aGrowingConcern D．Pre-cycling:anEffectiveMethod第二節(jié)閱讀七選五（共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。FastFashionDoyoulikefastfashion?Areyouwearingnewclothes?16Formanypeople,theanswertothesequestionsis‘yes’.Inthepast,peopledidn’tbuymanyclothes.Theygavetheiroldclothestotheirbrothersandsisters,orrecycledtheminthehome.17Peoplebuyclothesandtheyonlywearthemtwoorthreetimes.Theydon’twantthemaftertwoorthreemonths.Wecallthis‘fastfashion’.It’sfun,butit’sbadfortheenvironment.Everyoneneedsclothes,buthowcanyouhelptheenvironment?18·Don’tbuymanynewthings.BuyonegoodT-shirt,notsixcheapones.·19Weallhaveclothesathomethatwedon’twear.Somepeopleselltheirclothesonline,orexchangethemwithfriends.Youcangivegoodclothestoacharityshopandsendveryoldordamagedclothestoarecyclingcenter.·Buyrecycledclothesandaccessories.Peoplecanbuyrecycledclothessoldonline.Inrecentyears,somenewlyfoundedcompaniesproducerecycledaccessories,likebags,belts,ties,etc.MattandNatisacompanythatmakesbags.Thecompanydoesn’tuseleatherforitsbags.20A．Herearesomeideas.B．Recycleyouroldclothes.C．Buttoday,manyclothesarecheap.D．Throwawayyourdamagedclothes.E．Doyoubuynewclotheseverymonth?F．Instead,ituses100%recycledbottles!G．Besides,peopleevensoldthemformoney.第三部分完形填空（共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Nobodycaninspireuslikegreatteachers.Theyseeinusthatothers,includingourselves,can’torwon’tsee.,theygiveusthecouragetofindourownwayandenoughguidancetoshowusthatwhatwefeelisanythingbutthat.WhenBillGatesSeattle’sViewRidgeElementarySchool,hewasareallyunattractiveandshyfourthgrader.akindlylibrariannamedBlancheCaffiere,hewastocomeintohisownwaythatwouldonedaytheworldforever.Gatessetthestageforthistalelikethis:“WhenIfirstmetMrs.Caffiere,shewasanelegantandengagingschool,andIwasashyfourthgrader.Iwastryingtogounnoticed,becauseIhadsomebigshortcomings,liketerriblehandwriting...andIwastryingtohidethethatIlikedtoreadsomethingthatwascoolforgirlsbutnotforboys...Mrs.Caffieretookmeunderherwing.”HewasgratefultoMrs.Caffiereforhelpinghimbecomeless,whichresultedfromthetruespiritofremarkableteaching.FirstsheencouragedGates’enthusiasmforbyhelpinghimexploreitthroughtheuseofintrospective(內(nèi)省的)questions,whathelikedtoreadandwhy.Finally,he’dreadthem,shewouldsitdownwithhimandaskhimifhelikedwhathehadread.“ShebasicallywhatIhadtosay.”Gatesrecalled.21．A．a(chǎn)mbition B．potential C．distinction D．discrimination22．A．Bycontrast B．Forinstance C．Inconsequence D．Aboveall23．A．impossible B．unbelievable C．incorrect D．unconditional24．A．built B．designed C．a(chǎn)ttended D．finished25．A．Apartfrom B．Thanksto C．Butfor D．Regardlessof26．A．willing B．a(chǎn)nxious C．eager D．a(chǎn)ble27．A．enjoy B．discover C．change D．create28．A．librarian B．supporter C．principal D．owner29．A．desperately B．wondrously C．proudly D．helplessly30．A．event B．concept C．fact D．conclusion31．A．shy B．typical C．unattractive D．unnoticed32．A．listening B．writing C．speaking D．reading33．A．togetherwith B．suchas C．insteadof D．a(chǎn)sfor34．A．until B．once C．a(chǎn)lthough D．unless35．A．turnedto B．stuckto C．referredto D．listenedto第四部分語法填空（共10小題，每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。BeijingOperaisoneofthetraditionalChinesedramaartformswithahistoryofmorethan200years.36issaidthatEmperorQianlongoftheQingDynastylovedthetheatre.Atthebeginning.therewasnoBeijingOpera.KunquOperawasthemostpopular,butEmperorQianlonggraduallybecameboredwiththisstyle.Variouslocaloperaswerebrought37Beijingtopleasetheemperor.Drawingonthegoodpointsoftheselocaloperas,thenewBeijingOperacameintobeingand38(become)Qianlong`sfavorite.BeijingOperamixesdifferentartforms,includingsinging,39(dance),acrobatics(雜技)andWushu.Alltheseartforms40(put)intooneperformance.Facialpaintingisoneofthemostimportant41(sign)ofBeijingOpera.Itshowstheroles'personalities.Forexample,aredface42(usual)showstherole’sbravery;awhitefaceshowsthetreachery(背叛)andguile(狡猾);ablackfaceshowstheroleisastrictman.BeijingOperahasspreadtomanyotherplaces.MeiLanfang,afamousperformer,wasthefirst43(introduce)BeijingOperatoforeignersandmadehighly44(succeed)tourstoforeigncountries.BeijingOperaisChina’snationalopera45itisfullofChineseculturaltraditions.WelcometoChinaandenjoyBeijingOpera.第五部分書面表達(dá)（滿分15分）46．某英語刊物有一個介紹各國節(jié)日的專欄。請為該專欄寫一篇短文，簡要介紹中國的農(nóng)歷新年——春節(jié)。要點(diǎn)提示：1.貼春聯(lián)，迎新年；2.闔家團(tuán)圓，吃年夜飯；3.穿新衣，互拜年，逛廟會。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯：pasteSpringFestivalcouplets（貼春聯(lián)）；gotothetemplefair（逛廟會）____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案第=page11頁，共=sectionpages22頁答案第=page11頁，共=sectionpages22頁1．A2．B3．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了“園藝大師志愿者”這一項(xiàng)目，包括成為園藝大師的好處、申請資格以及培訓(xùn)內(nèi)容等。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WhyBecomeaMasterGardener?部分中“MasterGardenersinvolvepeopleinactivitiestoimprovetheirgeneralwell-beingandoverallenjoymentoflife(園藝大師組織人們參與活動，以提高他們的整體幸福感和生活的整體享受)”可知，園藝大師主要做的是幫助提升人們的幸福感。故選A項(xiàng)。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WhatQualificationsMustYouMeet?部分中“●Havecertainexperienceorknowalittleaboutgardeningorlandscapemanagement.(有一定的經(jīng)驗(yàn)或了解一些園藝或景觀管理知識)”可知，如果你想申請成為園藝大師，需要有一些相關(guān)知識。故選B項(xiàng)。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WhatDoestheTrainingInvolve?部分中“Approximately60hoursofclassroominstructionandfieldstudyand60hoursofvolunteerinternship(實(shí)習(xí))workarerequiredtocompletetheprogramandbecomecertified.(完成該項(xiàng)目并獲得認(rèn)證需要大約60個小時的課堂教學(xué)和實(shí)地學(xué)習(xí)，以及60個小時的志愿者實(shí)習(xí)工作)”可知，成為認(rèn)證的園藝大師需要大約120個小時。故選D項(xiàng)。4．C5．B6．A7．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是新聞報(bào)道。文章主要介紹著名長城專家、自然資源保護(hù)主義者威廉﹒林賽（WilliamLindesay）和他的妻子吳琪（WuQi）通過環(huán)游世界，為他們的兒子提供了一個獨(dú)特的成長環(huán)境。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Mostoftheirtripsseemfarfromrelaxing—culturalstudyinthehotanddrydesert,a53-kilometerhikingtourofNewZealand,aone-dayclimbtothreeEnglishmountaintopsandasix-daytrainridefromBeijingtoMoscow.(他們的大多數(shù)旅行似乎都遠(yuǎn)非放松——在炎熱干燥的沙漠中進(jìn)行文化研究，53公里的新西蘭徒步旅行，一天攀登三座英國山頂，以及從北京到莫斯科的六天火車旅行。)”可知，林賽他們一家人的旅行很有挑戰(zhàn)性。故選C。5．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段“Manyassumethefamilymustbewealthyandcanaffordtheirglobaltravel,buttheyarenot.Lindesaysaystheyjustchoosetospendmoneyontravelandeschewpriceyhotelsandrestaurantswherepossible.LindesaymentionsthetriptoMoscowasanexample.Insteadoftakingataxifromtherailwaystationtothehotel,theytookthesubway.(許多人認(rèn)為這個家庭一定很富有，能夠負(fù)擔(dān)得起他們的全球旅行費(fèi)用，但事實(shí)并非如此。林賽說，他們只是選擇把錢花在旅行上，盡可能eschew昂貴的酒店和餐館。林賽提到莫斯科之行就是一個例子。他們沒有從火車站乘出租車去旅館，而是乘地鐵去了。)”可知，林賽一家人并不是很富有，他們沒有從火車站乘出租車去旅館，而是乘地鐵去了。所以，他們應(yīng)該是盡可能避開昂貴的酒店和餐館。所以，eschew的意思應(yīng)該是“避開”，和選項(xiàng)B意思一致。故選B。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“However,theirjourneys,whichcanlastweeksormonths,havesometimesbeeninconsistentwiththeirchildren’sschooling.WuremembersonceLindesaylettheireldersonaskforleavesothattheycouldgotoNewYorkfora45-daylecturetour.Thereforethesonmissedhisfinalexam.Thingslikethatbotherthefamilyallthetime.(然而，他們的旅程可能會持續(xù)數(shù)周或數(shù)月，有時與孩子的學(xué)業(yè)不一致。吳琪記得有一次林賽讓他們的大兒子請假，讓他們?nèi)ゼ~約做45天的巡回演講。因此，兒子錯過了期末考試。這樣的事情一直困擾著這個家庭。)”可知，林賽他們一家人的旅行會和孩子的學(xué)習(xí)安排不一致。故選A。7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Lindesayattachesgreatimportancetolearningoutoftheclassroom,sayingthatchildrenmightscorewellonschooltests,buttravelingoutside,indistantlandswithdifferentlanguages,cultures,andpoliticalstructures,istherealtest.“Youcanonlygetstreetwiseonthestreet.Youcanonlygetworldly-wisewhenseeingtheworld,”hesays.(林賽非常重視在課堂外學(xué)習(xí)，他說孩子們可能在學(xué)?？荚囍械梅趾芨撸嬲目荚囀窃诓煌Z言、文化和政治結(jié)構(gòu)的遙遠(yuǎn)國度里外出旅行。他說：“你只能在街上變得有街頭智慧。只有看到世界，你才能變得有世俗智慧?！?”可知，在林賽看來，只有遠(yuǎn)行才能讓人更有智慧。故選B。8．D9．A10．C11．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了鉛筆的歷史、發(fā)展、用途及其在人們生活中的持續(xù)影響。8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Thisstoryisn’ttrue,butithelpsillustratetheusefulnessofpencils.(這個故事不是真的，但它有助于說明鉛筆的實(shí)用性)”可知，關(guān)于俄羅斯太空計(jì)劃的故事有助于展示鉛筆的用處。故選D。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“TheItaliansfinallythoughtofputtingthegraphiteintoawoodenholder.(意大利人最后想到了把石墨放進(jìn)一個木架里)”可知，意大利人是第一個想到把石墨放進(jìn)木架里的人。故選A。10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“TheHB(HardnessandBlackness)systemofpencilswasthusborn.Soonafterthat,pencilswereproducedinlargenumbersandbecamecommoneverywhere.(HB（硬度和黑度）鉛筆系統(tǒng)就這樣誕生了。此后不久，鉛筆大量生產(chǎn)，并在各地變得普遍)”可知，讓鉛筆變得無處不在的是HB系統(tǒng)的誕生。故選C。11．主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段“TheearliestformofthepencilwasametalstickthatwasusedbytheRomans.(最早的鉛筆是羅馬人使用的一根金屬棒)”和最后一段“Today,morethan15billionpencilsaremadeeachyear.Formany,thepencilistheirpreferredchoiceforawritingtool.Itsdesignmayhavechangedthroughouttheyears,yetitsusefulnesshasallowedittocontinuemakingamarkonourlives.(如今，每年生產(chǎn)的鉛筆超過150億支。對許多人來說，鉛筆是他們首選的書寫工具。隨著時間的推移，它的設(shè)計(jì)可能會發(fā)生變化，但它的實(shí)用性使它繼續(xù)在我們的生活中留下印記)”可知，本文介紹了鉛筆的歷史、發(fā)展、用途及其在人們生活中的持續(xù)影響。由此可知，B選項(xiàng)“Thehistoryofpencils.(鉛筆的歷史)”能夠概括文章主旨。故選B。12．B13．B14．C15．C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了“希望循環(huán)”所帶來的問題，同時文章就如何正確回收提出建議。12．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“However,anewstudyhasrevealedthatourdesiretobesustainablemaybedoingmoreharmthangood.(然而，一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，我們對可持續(xù)發(fā)展的渴望可能弊大于利)”和“thisisbecauseof“wish-cycling”—assumingthatitemssuchasdisposablecoffeecupsandpizzaboxeswillberecycledifputintherecyclingbin.(這是因?yàn)椤跋Ｍh(huán)”——認(rèn)為一次性咖啡杯和比薩餅盒等物品如果放入回收箱就會被回收)”可知，“希望循環(huán)”的真相是人們認(rèn)為把垃圾扔進(jìn)回收箱就會被回收。由此可推知，這是一種幫助回收利用的好意。故選B。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thisshowsthat,evenaspeoplearebecomingmoreeco-conscious,wish-cyclingisincreasingbothinhouseholdsandbusinesses.(這表明，盡管人們越來越注重環(huán)保，但在家庭和企業(yè)中，“希望循環(huán)”的數(shù)量都在增加)”可知，近年來，“希望循環(huán)”的數(shù)量正在不斷增加。故選B。14．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Whenitcomestoplastics,Biffarecommendscheckingtheresincode,thenumberintheplastictriangle,toknowwhetheritshouldgointherecyclingbin.(當(dāng)談到塑料時，Biffa建議檢查樹脂代碼，即塑料三角形中的數(shù)字，以了解它是否應(yīng)該放入回收箱)”可知，檢查塑料的樹脂代碼，看看它是否可回收，這是合適的回收方法，故選C。15．主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中“However,anewstudyhasrevealedthatourdesiretobesustainablemaybedoingmoreharmthangood.AccordingtowastecompanyBiffa,thisisbecauseof“wish-cycling”—assumingthatitemssuchasdisposablecoffeecupsandpizzaboxeswillberecycledifputintherecyclingbin.Infact,pollutionfromthoseitemsorothernon-recyclablescanresultinrecyclableitemsthathavebeenputinthecorrectbingoingtolandfill.(然而，一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，我們對可持續(xù)發(fā)展的渴望可能弊大于利。據(jù)廢品處理公司Biffa稱，這是因?yàn)椤跋Ｍh(huán)”——假設(shè)一次性咖啡杯和比薩餅盒等物品如果放入回收箱就會被回收利用。事實(shí)上，來自這些物品或其他不可回收物品的污染會導(dǎo)致已經(jīng)放入正確垃圾箱的可回收物品被送往垃圾填埋場)”可知，文章主要講述了“希望回收”所帶來的問題，同時文章就如何正確回收提出建議，由此可推知，C項(xiàng)“希望循環(huán)：一個日益關(guān)注的問題”適合做文章標(biāo)題。故選C。16．E17．C18．A19．B20．F【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了快時尚現(xiàn)象及其對環(huán)境的影響，并給出環(huán)保建議。16．由上文“Doyoulikefastfashion?Areyouwearingnewclothes?(你喜歡快時尚嗎？你穿著新衣服嗎？)”及下文“Formanypeople,theanswertothesequestionsis‘yes’.(對于很多人來說，這些問題的答案是‘是的’。)”可知，本空應(yīng)繼續(xù)提出一個關(guān)于購買新衣服的問題，與前兩個問題并列。E選項(xiàng)“Doyoubuynewclotheseverymonth?(你每個月都買新衣服嗎？)”能承上啟下，符合語境，故選E。17．由上文“Inthepast,peopledidn’tbuymanyclothes.Theygavetheiroldclothestotheirbrothersandsisters,orrecycledtheminthehome.(在過去，人們不買很多衣服。他們把舊衣服給他們的兄弟姐妹，或者在家里回收利用。)”及下文“Peoplebuyclothesandtheyonlywearthemtwoorthreetimes.Theydon’twantthemaftertwoorthreemonths.(人們買衣服，而且他們只穿兩三次。兩三個月后他們就不想要這些衣服了。)”可知，這里是在對比過去和現(xiàn)在的情況，本空應(yīng)強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在人們買很多衣服的情況，可以說明原因。C選項(xiàng)“Buttoday,manyclothesarecheap.(但是如今，很多衣服都很便宜。)”能承上啟下，符合語境，故選C。18．由上文“Everyoneneedsclothes,buthowcanyouhelptheenvironment?(每個人都需要衣服，但是你怎樣才能幫助保護(hù)環(huán)境呢？)”可知，本空應(yīng)強(qiáng)調(diào)對此問題的解決辦法。A選項(xiàng)“Herearesomeideas.(這里有一些主意。)”能承接上文，符合語境，故選A。19．由下文“Weallhaveclothesathomethatwedon’twear.Somepeopleselltheirclothesonline,orexchangethemwithfriends.Youcangivegoodclothestoacharityshopandsendveryoldordamagedclothestoarecyclingcenter.(我們家里都有不穿的衣服。一些人在網(wǎng)上賣他們的衣服，或者和朋友交換。你可以把好的衣服捐給慈善商店，把非常舊的或者破損的衣服送到回收中心。)”可知，這里主要講的是回收舊衣服的相關(guān)內(nèi)容。B選項(xiàng)“Recycleyouroldclothes.(回收你的舊衣服。)”能概括下文內(nèi)容，符合語境，故選B。20．由上文“MattandNatisacompanythatmakesbags.Thecompanydoesn’tuseleatherforitsbags.(MattandNat是一家生產(chǎn)包的公司。這家公司的包不使用皮革。)”可知，這里應(yīng)該是接著說這家公司使用什么材料來制作包。F選項(xiàng)“Instead,ituses100%recycledbottles!(相反，它使用100%回收的瓶子！)”能承接上文，符合語境，故選F。21．B22．D23．A24．C25．B26．D27．C28．A29．A30．C31．A32．D33．B34．B35．D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。講述了比爾蓋茨在讀小學(xué)時，受到了一位和藹的圖書管理員BlancheCaffiere的指導(dǎo)，她幫助蓋茨克服了害羞，激發(fā)了他對閱讀的熱情。文章用這個故事告訴我們，好的老師能夠給與我們找到自己的勇氣，給與我們足夠的指導(dǎo)。21．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們看到了其他人包括我們自己都不能或者不會看到的潛力。A.ambition雄心，報(bào)復(fù)；B.potential潛力；C.distinction差別，區(qū)別；D.discrimination歧視。根據(jù)上文“Nobodycaninspireuslikegreatteachers.”推知，好老師鼓勵我們，發(fā)現(xiàn)我們身上的潛力。故選B。22．考查短語辨析。句意：最重要的是，他們給了我們找到自己道路的勇氣，并給了我們足夠的指導(dǎo)，讓我們知道我們覺得不可能的事情不過如此。A.Bycontrast相比之下，與……相反；B.Forinstance例如；C.Inconsequence結(jié)果，因此；D.Aboveall首先，最重要的是。根據(jù)后文“theygiveusthecouragetofindourownwayandenoughguidance”可知，好老師不僅能發(fā)現(xiàn)我們的潛力，最重要的是，他們還給了我們勇氣和指導(dǎo)。故選D。23．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：最重要的是，他們給了我們找到自己道路的勇氣，并給了我們足夠的指導(dǎo)，讓我們知道我們覺得不可能的事情不過如此。A.impossible不可能的；B.unbelievable難以置信的；C.incorrect不正確的；D.unconditional無條件的。根據(jù)句意可知，老師指導(dǎo)的意義在于讓我們覺得不能的事情成為可能。故選A。24．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)比爾·蓋茨在西雅圖的ViewRidge小學(xué)上學(xué)時，他還是一個非常不討人喜歡、很害羞的四年級學(xué)生。A.built修建；B.designed設(shè)計(jì)；C.attended參加，上（學(xué)）；D.finished完成。根據(jù)“Seattle’sViewRidgeElementarySchool”可知，此處是指上學(xué)，用attend符合題意。故選C。25．考查短語辨析。句意：多虧了一位名叫BlancheCaffiere的好心圖書管理員，他才能用自己的方式永遠(yuǎn)改變世界。A.Apartfrom除……還；B.Thanksto幸虧，由于；C.Butfor倘若沒有，要不是；D.Regardlessof不管。根據(jù)下文“HewasgratefultoMrs.Caffiereforhelpinghimbecomeless11,”可知，BlancheCaffiere給了比爾蓋茨很大的幫助，故此處是指，多虧BlancheCaffiere的幫助，比爾蓋茨才能走上自己的道路，并在將來改變世界。故選B。26．考查形容詞詞義辨析。多虧了一位名叫BlancheCaffiere的好心圖書管理員，他才能用自己的方式永遠(yuǎn)改變世界。A.willing樂意的；B.anxious擔(dān)心的，渴望的；C.eager渴望的；D.able能夠的。beabletodosth.“能夠做某事”，此處指因?yàn)橛辛薆lancheCaffiere的幫助，比爾蓋茨能走上改變世界的道路。故選D。27．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：多虧了一位名叫BlancheCaffiere的好心圖書管理員，他才能用自己的方式永遠(yuǎn)改變世界。A.enjoy享受，欣賞；B.discover發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.change改變；D.create創(chuàng)造。結(jié)合常識和“theworldforever”可知，比爾蓋茨的發(fā)明改變了世界。故選C。28．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我第一次見到Caffiere夫人時，她是一位優(yōu)雅迷人的學(xué)校圖書管理員，而我只是一個害羞的四年級學(xué)生。A.librarian圖書管理員；B.supporter支持者；C.principal校長；D.owner所有者，主人。根據(jù)上文“akindlylibrariannamedBlancheCaffiere”可知，BlancheCaffiere當(dāng)時是一位圖書管理員。故選A。29．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我拼命地試圖不被人注意，因?yàn)槲矣幸恍┖艽蟮娜秉c(diǎn)，比如糟糕的書寫……我試圖隱藏一個事實(shí)，那就是我喜歡讀一些對女孩來說很酷但對男孩來說不酷的書……Caffiere太太庇護(hù)著我。A.desperately絕望地，拼命地；B.wondrously令人驚奇地，非常，極其；C.proudly驕傲地，自豪地；D.helplessly無助地。根據(jù)下文“becauseIhadsomebigshortcomings,liketerriblehandwriting”可知，那時比爾蓋茨覺得自己有很多缺點(diǎn)，所以想拼命地隱藏自己，希望不被別人注意。故選A。30．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我拼命地試圖不被人