專升本英語（閱讀）模擬試卷82

專升本英語（閱讀）模擬試卷82

一、閱讀理解（本題共25題，每題7.0分，共25分。）

IftheEuropeansthoughtadrought—alongperiodofdryweather-wassomethingthat

happenedonlyinAfrica,theyknowbetternow.Afterfouryearsofbelow-normalrainfall

(insomecasesonly10percentoftheannualsaverage),vastareasofFrance,Spain,

Portugal,Belgium,BritainandIrelandaredryandbarren.Waterissolowinthecanals

ofnorthernFrancethatwaterwaytrafficisforbiddenexceptonweekends.Oyster(牡蠣)

growsinBrittanyreporta30percentdropinproductionbecauseofthelossoffresh

waterinlocalriversnecessaryforoysterbreeding.InsoutheasternEngland,therolling

greenhillsofKenthaveturnedsobrownthatofficialshavebeenweighingplanstopipe

inwaterfromWales.InPortugal,farmersinthesouthernAlentejoregionhaveheld

prayermeetingforrain-sofar,invain.Governmentsindrought-spreadcountriesare

takingseveremeasures.Authoritiesinhard-hitareasofFrancehavebannedwashingcars

andwateringlawns.InBritain,waterwillsoonbemetered,likegasandelectricity."The

Englishhavealwaystakenwaterforgranted,"saysGrahamWarren,aspokesmanof

Britain'sNationalRiversAuthority."Nowthey'reputtingapriceonit."Evenasudden

endtothedroughtwouldnotendthemiseryinsomeareas.Itwilltakeseveralyearsof

unusuallyheavywinterrain,theexpertssay,justtobringexistingwaterreservesupto

iheirnormallevels.

1、Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying"theyknowbetternow”?

A、Theyknowmoreaboutthecausesofthedrought.

B、TheyhaveabetterunderstandingofthedroughtinAfrica.

C、TheyhaverealizedthatthedroughtinEuropeisthemostseriousone.

D、TheyhaverealizedthatdroughtshitnotonlyAfricabutalsoEurope.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：答案在第一段第一句話：IftheEuropeansthoughtadrought—along

periodofdryweather-wassomethingthathappenedonlyinAfrica,theyknowbetter

now.“如果歐洲人認為干旱天氣只會出現(xiàn)在非洲的話，那么他們現(xiàn)在更清楚地知

道了，情況并非如此?！耙虼?，theyknowbetternow意為“theyhaverealizedthat

droughtshitnot,onlyAfricabutalsoEurope.”“歐洲人已經(jīng)意識到干旱不僅會襲擊

非洲也會出現(xiàn)在歐洲?！?/p>

2、ThedroughtinEuropehasbroughtaboutallthefollowingproblems

EXCEPT.

A、below-normalrainfall

B、difficultnavigation

C>asharpdropinoysterharvest

D、bone-dryhill

標準答案：A

知識點解析：答案在第一段，從第三句到本段結(jié)束后可看出歐洲的干旱引起了以下

問題：船只航行困難，牡蠣產(chǎn)量下降，山丘干旱。低于平均水平的降雨量不屬于干

旱引起的問題，而應(yīng)當是由于降雨量少引起干旱。因此A為正確答案。

3、TheBritishgovernmentintendsto.

A、forbidthecar-washingservice

B、increasethepriceofthewaterused

C^endthemiserycausedbythedrought

D、chargefeesfortheuseofthewater

標準答案：D

知識點解析:答案在第二段，有這樣的句子：InBritain,waterwillsoonbe

metered,likegasandelectricity.“在英國，水很快就會像煤氣和電一樣開始計量

了。""TheEnglishhavealwaystakenwaterforgranted.”"英國人一直對水習以為

常。”"Nowtheyareputtingapriceonit.”“他們現(xiàn)在要開始給水定價了?！耙虼擞?/p>

政府打算開始收水費。D為正確答案。

4^Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A、Germanyistheonlycountryfreefromthedrought.

B、Waterreservesareattheirlowestlevelinyearsduetodrought.

C、ThedroughtismoreseriousinBritainthaninFrance.

D、Europewillnothaveheavyrainuntilseveralyearslater.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：答案在文章的最后一句話：Itwilltakeseveralyearsofunusuallyheavy

winterrain...justtobringexistingwaterreservesuptotheirnormallevels.“如果想it

水庫的水達到通常的水平……需要幾年的時間，而且需要非常大的冬雨量?！币?/p>

此，由于多年干旱，水庫的水位已經(jīng)最低了。B為正確答案。

5、Whichofthefollowingisthemostappropriatetitleforthepassage?

A、EuropeinMisery.

B、DroughtAttacksEurope.

C^BeEconomicalwithWater.

D、Europe,aWould-beAfrica.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：本題考查考生對全文意思的整體把握。文章第一段談到干旱給歐洲帶

來的災(zāi)難，第二段談到干旱國家的政府采取的一些措施。因此文章的題目應(yīng)當是：

DroughtAttacksEurope”干旱襲擊歐洲B為正確答案。

IntheUnitedStatestoday,nearlyhalfofusliveinareasthatwerefertoasthesuburbs.

Anydictionarywilldefinethesuburbsasthoseareas,usuallyresidential,thatlieoutside

citiesandtowns.But,formillionsofAmericansinthelastthirtyyears,thesuburbshave

cometomeanmuchmorethanthat.Forthosewhomovedtothedevelopingsuburbsafter

theSecondWorldWar,theyrepresentedanescapefromurbancongestiontoahomeof

onersown—preferablyonewithanattachedtwo-cargarageonalittlehalf-acreoftree-

shadedland.Italsomean:dailycommunicationtoworkbyrailroadorexpressway,a

lawntomow,andamortgagetopayoffovertheyear.Nobodyapprovesoflifeinthe

suburbsbutthepeoplewholivethere.Urbancitiesarguethatsuburbanitesenjoyallthe

cultural,educational,andcommercialadvantagesthatcitiesofferwithoutpayingfor

them.Farmersworryaboutlosingtheirfarmstouncontrolledsuburbansprawl.The

suburbshavealsobeencriticizedforthemonotonoussamenessoftheirdesignandfor

theirabilitytoinsulatetheirinhabitantsfromtheproblemsoflargersocietyinwhichthey

live.Ontheotherhand,defendersofthesuburbsarguethatthelife-stylethattheyofteris

morevariedandmoreinclusivethanthecriticsadmit;therearemanydifferentkindsof

suburbsandavarietyofpeoplelivinginthem.Whilethedevelopmentofthesuburbshas

createdproblems,italsohasprovidedsubstantialmodernhousingformillionsofpeople.

Suburbanlivingoffersthebestoftwoworlds-thecityandthecountry-atapricethat

manyareabletoafford.Manypeoplewillalwayspreferthehecticpaceandexcitement

oflifeinthecity,whileo:herswillwantthemoretranquilpaceoflifeinthecountry.But,

forthoseineithercityorcountrywhoarcwillingtocompromise,thesuburbsarc

waiting.

6、Evidenceinthethirdparagraphsuggestedthat.

A、suburbanareasarcfullydeveloped

B、farmersareunconcernedaboutsuburbansprawl

C^suburbaninhabitantsenjoyactivesociallifethere

D、educationalstandardsinthesuburbsarenotlowerthanthoseinthecities

標準答案：D

知識點解析：由文章第三段可知，郊區(qū)居民也可以享用一切文化、教育和商業(yè)設(shè)

施，這說明他們各方面的生活水準并不比城市居民低，而選項D所說的教育水準

就是其中一個方面。

7^Thestrongestargumentagainstthesuburbsisthat.

A、suburbanitesenjoytheadvantagesofcitylifewhilepayingforthem

B、suburbsareallthesame

C>suburbsarefaraway

D^suburbshavealotofspace

標準答案：B

知識點解析：由題干關(guān)鍵詞against可知，本題是對郊區(qū)生活的批評。文章第三段

第四句Thesuburbshavealsobeencriticizedfortheironotonoussamenessoftheir

designandfortheirabilitytoinsulatetheirinhabitantsfromtheproblemsoflarger

societyinwhichtheylive.談到，郊區(qū)生活因其單調(diào)、千篇一律而受到批評。

8、Whatcanwelearnaboutthesuburbanlife?

A、Dailycommunicationdoesn'tcharacterizethesuburbanlife.

B、Suburbansloveapartmentliving.

C、Homeownershipisadreamforthesuburbans.

D、Mortgagepaymentfeaturesthesuburbanlife.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：第一段提到非語言交流與手勢、動作等有關(guān)，而手勢、動作等具有語

言不能表達的意思。因此B最符合題意。

12>TheSouthAmerican.

A、tendstokeepadistancebetweenhimselfandthepersonheisspeakingto

B、usuallystandsclosetothepersonheistalkingto

C、isoftenunfriendlywhenspeaking

D、isoftencoldanddistantwhenspeaking

標準答案：B'

知識點解析：SouthAmerican（南美洲人）出現(xiàn)在第二段，應(yīng)在第二段找答案。第二

段把北美洲人和南美洲人作了比較，可以較為清楚地看出南美洲人跟別人說話的時

候站得較近，而北美洲人和別人說話的時候則站得較遠。

13、WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A^Lesseyecontactsuggestsdistanceinrelation.

B、Thelongeronelooksatyou,themoreinteresthehasinyou.

C、Thereismoreeyecontactbetweenpeoplewholikeeachother.

D、Shortereyecontactshowsmoreinterestinwhatoneistalkingabout.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：答案在文章第二段最后一句："Thelengthoftimethatthepersonwhom

youarcspeakingtolooksatyoureyesindicatestheamountofinteresthehasinthe

thingsyouaretalkingabout.”（從說你說話的人凝視你的時間的長短就可以判斷他對

你所講事情的感興趣程度。）又根據(jù)本句前面提到與自己喜歡的人交流時，人們會

有更多的眼神交流，故判定D與原文不符。

14、Toolongagaze.

A^mayupsetpeoplebeinglookedat

B、showsone'sgreatconfidence

C^indicatesone'sinterestinthetalk

D、tellsyouhowfriendlyoneis

標準答案：A

知識點解析：答案在文章第三段第一句：“Ontheotherhand,toolongagazecan

makepeopleuncomfortable."（另一方面，時間過長的凝視會讓人感覺不舒服。）

15、Constantsmilingwithoutapparentreasons.

A^isasignofone'sfriendliness

B、isasignofone'sunfriendliness

C、makespeoplefeelhappy

D^makespeoplefeeluncomfortable

標準答案：D

知識點解析：答案在文章第三段最后一句："Someonewhoisalwayssmiling,and

withlittleapparentreasons,oftenmakesusuneasy.”（有些人總是笑，而沒有任何明

顯的原因，這樣常使我們感覺不舒服。）uneasy：不自在，不舒服。

Today,cigarettesmokingisacommonhabit.Aboutforty-threepercentoftheadultmen

andthirty-onepercentoftheadultwomenintheUnitedStatessmokecigarettesregularly.

Itisencouragingtoseethatmillionsofpeoplehavegivenupsmoking.Itisafactthat

menasagroupsmokemorethanwomen.Amongbothmenandwomentheagegroup

withthehighestproportionofsmokersis24~44.Income,education,andoccupationall

playapartindeterminingaperson'ssmokinghabit.Citypeoplesmokemorethanpeople

livingonfarms.Well-educatedmenwithhighincomesarelesslikelytosmokecigarettes

thanmenwithfewerycarsofschoolingandlowerincomes.Ontheotherhand,ifawell-

educatedmanwithahigherincomesmokesatall,heislikelytosmokemorepacksof

cigarettesperday.Thesiluationissomewhatdifferentforwomen.Thereareslightly

moresmokersamongwomenwithhigherfamilyincomeandhighereducationthan

amongthelowerincomeandlowereducationalgroups.Thesemorehighlyeducated

womentendtosmokemoreheavily.Amongteenagersthepictureissimilar.Thereare

fewerteenagedsmokersfromupper-income,well-educatedfamilies,andfewerfrom

familieslivinginfarmareas.Childrenaremostlikelytostartsmokingifoneorbothof

theirparentssmoke.

16、Whatdoweknowfromthefirstparagraph?

A、Moreandmorepeopletakeupthehabitofsmoking.

B、TherearemoresmokingwomenthansmokingmeninUSA.

C、Itisgoodnewsthatmorepeoplehavegivenupsmoking.

D、TheU.S.hasmoresmokingpeoplethananyothercountry.

標準答案：c

知識點3析：很多人戒煙是個好消息。在文章的第一段，作者便提到，看到有數(shù)百

萬的人戒煙是令人振奮的。所以選C。

17、Whatfactorsdetermineaperson'ssmokinghabit?

A、Age,incomeandeducation.

B、Age,sexandincome.

C、Occupation,incomeandsex.

D^Occupation,incomeandeducation.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：文章第三段的開頭提到：Income,education,andoccupationallplaya

partindeterminingaperson'ssmokinghabit.（收入、教育背景和職業(yè)都在人們的吸

煙習慣中起到?jīng)Q定性的作用。）

18、Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A、Citypeoplearelesslikelytosmoke.

B、Peopleinruralareasaremorelikelytosmoke.

C、Menwithhigherincometendtosmoke.

D、Well-educatedmenwithhighincomesaregenerallylesslikelytosmoke.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：高知識、高收入的男人不太容易吸煙。文章第三段提到：Well-

educatedmenwithhighincomesalelesslikelytosmokecigarettesthanmenwithfewer

yearsofschoolingandlowerincomes.文化程度和教育程度越高，吸煙的人越少。

所以選D。

19、Whatisthesmokingsituationforwomen?

A、Thesituationisquitethesameforwomenasformen.

Better-educatedwomenarelikelytosmokeheavily.

C、Therearemorewomensmokerswithlowincomes.

D、Womenwithhigherincomesandhighereducationdonottendtosmoke.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：文章第四段提到：Thesemorehighlyeducatedwomentendtosmoke

moreheavily.教育程度越高的女士抽煙越厲害。

20、Whatcanwesayaboutteenagedsmokers?

A、Thepictureabouttheteenagedsmokersissimilartothatofwomensmokers.

B、Thesituationamongteenagersisquitethesamewithmen.

CxHighschoolstudentsaremorelikelytosmokethancollegestudents.

D、Farmers1childrentendtosmokemore.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：青少年的情況與成年男人相似。最后一段提到那些來自高收入、高知

識分子家庭和農(nóng)場家庭的孩子吸煙的人數(shù)較少，這與第二段提到的男性的情況相

似。

Duringastateofdeeprelaxation,severalphysiologicalchangestakeplaceinthebody:

thebody'soxygenconsumptionisreduced;theheartbeatdecreases;muscletensionand

sweatingease,andthereisdecreasedsympatheticnervoussystemactivity.Thisrestful

statenotonlyallowsthebodytorepairandrestoreitself,butalsohasacalmingeffecton

theconsciousness.Howtoachievethisstateofrelaxation,however,isamatterof

opinion,andinsomemedicalcircles,amatterofcontroversy.ArecentreportbyDr.

DavidHolmesoftheUniversityofKansasinthejournal"Americanpsychologist"said

thatsimplesittinginanarmchairhasjustasmanybeneficialcharacteristicsforthebody

asmeditationdoes.Researchersofotherrelaxationtechniquesdisagree.Theseexperts

believethatmorestructuredtechniques,suchasmeditation,leadtoaconditionofdeep

relaxation.Thedebategoeson,butonethingappearstobeclear;therelaxationresponse

canbereachedbyanumberofmethods,andthemethodsthemselvesarenotasimportant

asgettingthere.Oneday,onemethodmayworkbest;onanotherday,analternative

methodmaybemoreappropriate.Onceyouareawareofallthemethods,youcanfind

theonethatworksbestforyou.Someoftherelaxationtechniquesarcmeditation,auto-

analysisandprogressivemusclerelaxationresponsethanjustsittingquietlyinachair,

theyhavetheaddedbenefitofstructureanddiscipline,andfbrthesereasonsappeartobe

moreeffectivefbrmostindividuals.

21、Thepassageindicatesthatastateofdeeprelaxationisnotonlygoodfbrone'sbody,

butalsobeneficialto.

A^heartbeat

consci