2021-2022學年河南省駐馬店市正陽縣高二上學期第一次素質檢測英語試題解析版（不含聽力音頻）

2021-2022學年河南省駐馬店市正陽縣高二上學期第一次素質檢測英語試第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題,每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話,每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項,并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Wherewilltheymeet?A.Attheunderground.B.Atthecinema.C.Atthemuseum.2.Whichbuswillthewomantake?A.Busnumber4.B.Busnumber6.C.Busnumber2.3.Whatisthemandoing?A.Sayinggood-byetoafriend.B.Arrangingaplanetrip.C.Payingabillatthebank.4.Howwillthewomanpayforthemeal?A.WithMasterCard.B.WithVisaCard.C.Withcash.5.WhenwillthewomangettheTV?A.Inaboutanhour.B.Alongtime.C.Severaldays.第二節(jié)（共15小題,每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項,并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘，聽完后,各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6至8題。6.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atschool.B.Athome.C.Intheoffice.7.Howmanyhourswillthegirlworkaday?A.2.B.4.C.6.8.Howmuchcouldshegetinaweek?A.24dollars.B.80dollars.C.120dollars.聽第7段材料,回答第9至11題。9.Whatdoesthemando?A.Adoctor.B.Apsychologist.C.Anewsreporter.10.Whichofthefollowingroomdidthemanbookbeforehecame?A.Awarmroomwithashower.B.Asingleroomwithashower.C.Room523.11.Whenisthemancheckingin?A.Saturday.B.Thursday.C.Tuesday.聽第8段材料,回答第12至14題。12.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Adventure.B.Vacation.C.Weather.13.Whichisthebestpartofthewoman’stour?A.Hiking.B.Skydiving.C.Visitingrelatives.14.WhydidthemanstayathomeandwatchTV?A.Itwasraining.B.Hewastootired.C.Hewaswithhisrelatives.聽第9段材料,回答第15至17題。15.WhatdowelearnaboutMsRowling’sfirstbook?A.Itwaswrittenforadults.B.Itmadeherfamoussoon.C.Itwasaboutakindofanimal.16.WhydoesMsRowlingconsiderherselfsolucky?A.Shecanmakealivingbywriting.B.Sheislovedbymanypeople.C.Shelikeswritingsomuch.17.WheredidMsRowlinggettheideasfortheHarryPotterbooks?A.Shereadmanybookswrittenbyothers.B.Shecollectedthemfromdailylife.C.Shedidn’tknowitherself.聽第10段材料,回答第18至20題。18.Howlongshouldtheparticipants（參與者）inBigBrotherstayinside?A.24days.B.100days.C.124days.19.WhowillbethewinnerofSurvivor?A.Theonewhoisleftatlast.B.Theonewhocanfindtheirownfood.C.Theonewhowinsonemilliondollars.20.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.TointroduceSurvivor.B.TointroduceBigBrother.C.Tointroducerealityshows.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2分，共30分）請閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該選項的標號涂黑。AHerearefourtouristattractionsinHavanainCuba.MuseumoftheCityTheMuseumoftheCitywasbuiltin179LThebuildingonceservedasthePresidentialPalaceandhometocolonialgovernors.Themuseum’sexhibitsincludecollectionsofweapons，historyandartaswellasroomsdocumentingwarsforCubanindependence.+53-7-861-6130.Open:9a.m.to6p.m.,MondaythroughSaturday.Admission:$3RevolutionSquareRevolutionSquareisoneofthelargestopenpublicspacesinCubaandoneofthelargestpublicsquaresintheworld.Thesiteishometothe138-footJoseMartMemorial,thetalleststructureinHavana，whichcelebratesthenationalhero.Cuba’simportantleaders,includingFidelCastro,usuallyusetheplatforminfrontofthememorialtoaddressthelargecrowdsthatgatheronthesquare.TheJoseMartiMemorialalsoincludesamuseumandanelevatorthattakestouriststothetopofthemonument.+53-7-338-6363Open:9a.m.to5p.m.，MondaythroughSaturday.Admission:$5CigarFactories.Cubansfamouscigar-makingfactoriesareopentothepublic.ThreecigarfactoriesinHavanaofferpublictoursthatshowhowCuba’scigarsarehand-rolledinthetraditionalway.ThePartagasCigarFactory，foundedin1827，istheoldestinHavana.TheothertwofactoriesopenfortoursareLaCoronaandRomeoJulietaandtheyincludegiftshops.+53-7-338-060Open:9a.m.to2p.m.,MondaythroughFriday.Admission:$10OldHavanaOldHavanaisthecapital’shistoricdistrict，whichdatesbackto1519whenSpainusedthecityasacolonialport.OldHavanawasimportantSpanishnaval(海軍的）base.Presently，OldHavana’sstonestreetsarehometomuseums,hotelsandrestaurantsamongthegrandcolonialbuildingsthatoncehousedSpanishpower.+53-7-885-752Open:daily.Admission:free1.WhenistheMuseumoftheCityclosed?A.Friday. B.Saturday.C.Sunday. D.Monday2WheremightyouseeFidelCastro?A.InfrontoftheJoseMartiMemorial.B.OnthestonestreetsofOldHavana.C.InthePartagascigarfactory.D.IntheMuseumoftheCity.3.Whichnumbershouldyoucallifyouwanttoknowaboutcigaretteproduction?A+53-7-338-060 B.+53-7-885-752C.+53-7-338-6363 D.+53-7-861-6130【答案】1.C2.A3.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應用文，介紹了古巴首都哈瓦那幾個著名的旅游景點?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據MuseumoftheCity中的“Open:9a.m.to6p.m.,MondaythroughSaturday.”可知，城市博物館的開放時間是周一到周六，故C項正確。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據RevolutionSquare中的“Thesiteishometothe138-footJoseMartMemorial,thetalleststructureinHavana，whichcelebratesthenationalhero.Cuba’simportantleaders,includingFidelCastro,usuallyusetheplatforminfrontofthememorialtoaddressthelargecrowdsthatgatheronthesquare.”可知，革命廣場中有何塞馬蒂紀念館，古巴領導人卡斯特羅經常在紀念碑前的平臺上向公眾發(fā)表演講，故A項正確?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據CigarFactories中的“ThreecigarfactoriesinHavanaofferpublictoursthatshowhowCuba’scigarsarehand-rolledinthetraditionalway.”及“+53-7-338-060”可知，想要了解雪茄是如何制作的，可撥打53-7-338-060，故A項正確。BChristianEijkman,aDutchdoctor,lefttheNetherlandsfortheislandofJava.Manypeopleontheislandhadadiseasecalledberi-beri.HewasgoingtheretotryandfindaAtfirst,Eijkmanthoughtsomekindofgerm(細菌)causedberi-beri.Heraisedsomechickens.Hedidn’teatthem,butmadeexperimentsonthem.Thelocalpeoplewerequitesurprisedatthat.OnedayhenoticedthathischickensbecamesickwhentheywerefedthefoodmostJavaneseate—refinedwhiterice(精煉米).Whenhefedthemwithunrefinedrice,alsoknownasbrownrice,theyrecovered.Eijkmanrealizedthathehadmadeanimportantdiscovery—thatsomethingsinfoodcouldpreventdisease.Thesethingswerenamedvitamins(維生素).TheJavanesewerenotgettingenoughvitaminsbecausetheyhadactuallyremovedthepartthatcontainsvitamins.Later,otherdiseaseswerealsofoundtobecausedbythelackofvitaminsinaperson’sfood.Todaymanypeopleknowtheimportanceofvitaminsandtheymakesuretheyhaveenoughvitaminsfromthefoodtheyeat.Iftheydon’t,theycanalsotakevitaminpills.4.Theunderlinedword“cure”inParagraph1probablymeans______.A.amedicaltreatment B.akindofvitaminC.akindofgerm D.akindofrice5.Ifapersondoesn’tgetenoughvitaminsinhisdiet,he’dbetter______.A.eatmorerice B.eatmoremeatC.eatsomechicken D.eatvitaminpills6.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat______.A.beri-beriwascausedbychickensB.theJavanesedidn’tlikevitaminsCChristianEijkman’sexperimentwassuccessfulD.theJavanese’sdiseasewascausedbyakindofgerm7.WhydidChristianEijkmanraisesomechicken?______A.Toeatthem.B.TogivetheJavaneseasurprise.C.Tocarryouthisexperiments.D.Tomakemoneybysellingthem.【答案】4.A5.D6.C7.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了荷蘭醫(yī)生克里斯蒂安·艾克曼去爪哇島為當地人解決了腳氣病，他發(fā)現了維生素，及其對人類健康的重要性?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據第一段“Manypeopleontheislandhadadiseasecalledberi-beri.(島上的許多人患有一種叫做腳氣病的疾病)”可知，島上人患有疾病，ChristianEijkman是一位醫(yī)生，他應該是去幫他們治療。結合后文“Eijkmanrealizedthathehadmadeanimportantdiscovery—thatsomethingsinfoodcouldpreventdisease.(艾克曼意識到他有了一個重要的發(fā)現——食物中的某些物質可以預防疾病)”可知，最后他找到了腳氣病的治療方法。由此推知，劃線詞cure與amedicaltreatment(一種治療方法)意思接近。故選A項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據最后一段“Todaymanypeopleknowtheimportanceofvitaminsandtheymakesuretheyhaveenoughvitaminsfromthefoodtheyeat.Iftheydon’t,theycanalsotakevitaminpills.(今天許多人知道維生素的重要性，他們確保他們從他們所吃的食物中獲得足夠的維生素。如果不能，他們也可以服用維生素片)”可知，如果有人飲食中不能攝入足夠的維生素，應該補充維生素片。故選D項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第二段“Whenhefedthemwithunrefinedrice,alsoknownasbrownrice,theyrecovered.Eijkmanrealizedthathehadmadeanimportantdiscovery—thatsomethingsinfoodcouldpreventdisease.Thesethingswerenamedvitamins.TheJavanesewerenotgettingenoughvitaminsbecausetheyhadactuallyremovedthepartthatcontainsvitamins.Later,otherdiseaseswerealsofoundtobecausedbythelackofvitaminsinaperson’sfood.(當他用糙米喂養(yǎng)它們時，它們恢復了健康。這些物質被命名為維生素。爪哇人沒有得到足夠的維生素因為他們實際上已經把含有維生素的那部分去掉了。后來，其他疾病也被發(fā)現是由人的食物中缺乏維生素引起的)”可知，醫(yī)生發(fā)現了當地人生病的原因是因為維生素缺乏，找到了解決辦法，所以說他的實驗是成功的。故選C項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段“Heraisedsomechickens.Hedidn’teatthem,butmadeexperimentsonthem.(他養(yǎng)了一些雞。他不吃它們，而是用它們做實驗)”可知，醫(yī)生養(yǎng)雞是為了進行實驗。故選C項。CDoyouthinkstudyinginadifferentcountrythatsoundsveryexcitingandgreatfun?Doyouthinkyouwouldhavelotsofdesirablefun?Certainly,itisanewexperience,onethatbringstheopportunity(機會)todiscoveramazingthingsandafeelingoffreedom.Butdorememberthattherearealsosomechallenges,foryourviewsmaydisagreewiththedifferentbeliefs,norm(社會準則),valuesandtraditionalcountries.Thisiscalled“cultureshock”.Thefollowingarethestagesofadjusting(調整).Thefirststageiscalled“thehoneymoon”,whereyouareexcitedaboutlivinginadifferentplaceandeverythingseemstobefantastic.Youlikeeverything,andeverybodyseemstobesonicetoyou.Also,theamusementoflifeinanewcultureseemsasthoughitwillhavenoending.Eventually,however,thesecondstageofcultureshockappears,“thehostilitystage”.Everythingthatseemedsowonderfulisnowawful.Usuallyyouprotectyourselfagainsttheeffectsofcultureshock.Nextcomesthestage,“recovery”.Youstarttofeelmorepositive.Yourecoverfromthefirsttwostages.Eventhoughtheculturearedifferentfromyourown,youbegintoappreciateit.Thelaststageis“adjustment”.Inthisstage,youhavereachedapointwhereyouactuallyfeelgoodbecauseyouareabletounderstandthenewculture.Obviously,cultureshockisnotsomethingyoucanavoidinaforeigncountry.Whenyouhavecompletelyadjustedtoanewculture,youcanmorefullyenjoyit.Furthermore,learningaboutotherculturesandhowtoadjusttotheshockoflivinginthemhelpsyoulearnmoreaboutyourself.8.Whichofthefollowingisachallengewhenstudyingabroad?A.Findingamazingthings B.feelingfreefromschool.C.Disagreementwithteachers D.Differentideasfromothers.9.Howmanystagesofadjustingtocultureshockdoesthepassagemention?A.Two B.ThreeC.Four. D.Five.10.Whencanastudentfitincultureshock?,A.Onreachingabroad B.WhenyoureallyfeelgoodC.Duringthestageofrecovery D.Wheneveryoneseemsnice11.Whoisthepassageofintendedformostprobably?A.Universitystudents B.ExchangestudentsC.Boardingstudents D.teenagestudents【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述去一個不同國家學習，可能會受到文化沖擊，需要經過四個階段進行調整?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段“Butdorememberthattherearealsosomechallenges,foryourviewsmaydisagreewiththedifferentbeliefs,norm(社會準則),valuesandtraditionalcountries.（但請記住，也有一些挑戰(zhàn)，因為你的觀點可能和不同的信仰、社會準則、價值觀和傳統(tǒng)國家不一致。）”由此可知，在國外學習時，你的觀點和別人不同可能是一個挑戰(zhàn)，故選D?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據文章中的“thehoneymoon蜜月階段”，“thehostilitystage敵對階段”“recovery恢復階段”和“adjustment挑戰(zhàn)階段”，可知面對文化沖擊需要四個調整階段。故選C。【10題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第四段“Inthisstage,youhavereachedapointwhereyouactuallyfeelgoodbecauseyouareabletounderstandthenewculture.（在這個階段，你已經達到了一個你真正感覺良好的點，因為你能夠理解新的文化。）”由此可知當一個學生真正感覺良好的時候，也就是他適應了文化沖擊。故選B。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章第一句“Doyouthinkstudyinginadifferentcountrythatsoundsveryexcitingandgreatfun?(你認為在一個不同的國家學習聽起來很刺激和有趣嗎?)”以及下文講述的在不同國家學習，可能會受到文化沖擊，需要經過四個階段進行調整?？芍?，本文是寫給去不同國家學習的學生的，所以最有可能是交換生，故選B。DTheAmericanroboticscompanyBostonDynamicsrecentlymadepublicanewrobotcalledStretch.Itisdesignedtodoonlyonejob:tomovecontainers,orboxes,inlargestoragebuildingscalledwarehouses(倉庫).MichaelPerryisvicepresidentofbusinessdevelopmentforBostonDynamics.HesaidStretchisthefirstrobotdesignedforonejobthatthecompanyhasbuilt.Headdedthattherobotwasdevelopedbecauseofrequestsfromcompaniesaroundtheworld.“Weheardprettymuchuniversallyacrosswarehousingthattruckunloadingisoneofthemostphysicallydifficultandunpleasantjobs.Andthat'swhereStretchcomesintoplay,”PerrytoldReuters.Stretchhasasmallbasethatallowsittomovearoundsmallspacesinexistingwarehouseswithouthavingtoredesignthem.Therobotalsohasanarmwithhighlydevelopedcamerasthatcanidentify(確定)anddealwithboxesofmanyshapesandsizes.PerrysaidStretchcanpickupboxesthatweighabout23kilograms.Headdedthattherobotcanmoveabout800boxesinonehour.BostonDynamicsisknownforYouTubevideosofitsdog-like“Spot”andhumanoid“Atlas”robots.Perrysaidnowisagoodtimeforitslatestrobottobenefitfromincreasingdemandforspeedyhomedelivery(運送).Expertssaythewarehousingindustryexperiencedstronggrowthin2020.Thatgrowthisexpectedtocontinuethisyear.TheysayonlinebuyingduringtheCOVID-19healthcrisisdrovetheneedforahugeexpansion(擴大)indeliveryservices.BostonDynamicshasnotdecidedonapriceforStretch.Butthecompanysaidthesystemcanbesetupwithoutcostlyredesignsorinvestmentsinnewbuildingsorstructures.12.WhatmakesStretchmoveeasilythroughsmallplaces?A.Itsshortarm. B.Itssmallbase.C.Itshighlydevelopedcameras. D.Itsabilitytoidentifyboxes.13.WhatdoSpot,AtlasandStretchhaveincommon?A.Theyhavethesameshape. B.Theyareallfamousonline.C.Theyareofthesameweight. D.Theycomefromthesamecompany.14.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph6?A.Thenewrobotisincreasinglyneeded.B.Usersworryaboutthepriceofrobots.C.Robotshavereplacedpeopleincarryingheavygoods.D.COVID-19haschangedthewayofshoppingcompletely.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.OnlineShoppingMakesWorkersSufferGreatly. B.InventionsShouldMeetMarketNeeds.C.NewTechnologyChangesBusinessModels. D.ANewRobotAimstoDotheHeavyLifting.【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了美國機器人公司BostonDynamics最近公開了一款名為Stretch的新型機器人。【12題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第四段中“Stretchhasasmallbasethatallowsittomovearoundsmallspacesinexistingwarehouseswithouthavingtoredesignthem.(Stretch的底座很小，可以在現有倉庫的小空間內移動，而無需重新設計)”可知，Stretch由于底座很小所以可以輕松穿過小地方。故選B項。【13題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段中“TheAmericanroboticscompanyBostonDynamicsrecentlymadepublicanewrobotcalledStretch.(美國機器人公司BostonDynamics最近公開了一款名為Stretch的新型機器人)”和倒數第三段中“BostonDynamicsisknownforYouTubevideosofitsdog-like“Spot”andhumanoid“Atlas”robots.(BostonDynamics以其類似狗的“Spot”和人形“Atlas”機器人的YouTube視頻而聞名)”可知，Spot、Atlas和Stretch的共同之處是都來自同一家公司。故選D項?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段中“TheysayonlinebuyingduringtheCOVID-19healthcrisisdrovetheneedforahugeexpansionindeliveryservices.(他們說，在COVID-19健康危機期間，網購推動了送貨服務的巨大擴張)”可知，送的貨越多，就越來越需要新的送貨機器人。故選A項?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據第一段中“Itisdesignedtodoonlyonejob:tomovecontainers,orboxes,inlargestoragebuildingscalledwarehouses.(它被設計成只做一項工作：在稱為倉庫的大型儲藏建筑中移動集裝箱或箱子)”可知，這篇文章主要講述了一個新機器人的工作目標是做重物搬運，D項“旨在做重物搬運的新型機器人”符合文意。故選D項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。PublicSpeakingTrainingGetacoach___16___,sogethelp.Sincethereareaboutabillioncompaniesoutthereallreadytoofferyoupublicspeakingtrainingandcourses,herearesomethingstolookforwhendecidingthetrainingthat'srightforyou.FocusonpositivesAnytrainingyoudotobecomemoreeffectiveatpublicspeakingshouldalwaysfocusonthepositiveaspectsofwhatyoualreadydowell.Nothingcanhurtconfidencemorethanbeingtoldthatyouaren'tdoingwell.___17___,sogoodpublicspeakingtrainingshoulddevelopthoseinsteadoftellingyouwhatyoushouldn’tdo.___18___Ifyoufindapublicspeakingcoursethatlooksasthoughit’sgoingtogiveyoulotsofdosanddon'ts,walkaway!Yourbrainissofullofwhatyou’regoingtobetalkingabout.___19___.Asfaraswe’reconcerned,therearebasicallynohardandfastrulesaboutpublicspeaking.Youraudiencecanbeyourfriends.Youareaspecialpersonnotaclone.Mostimportantly,goodpublicspeakingtrainingshouldtreatyouasaspecialone,withyourownpersonalhabits.___20___.Yourtrainingcourseshouldhelpyoubringoutyourpersonality,nottrytoturnyouintosomeoneyou'renot.A.Youaren’tlikeanybodyelseB.YoualreadydolotsofthingswellC.TurnyourbackontoomanyrulesD.Checktherulesaboutdosanddon’tsE.Whateverthepresentation,publicspeakingistough.F.Theonethingyoudon’twantisforthemtofallasleepG.Sotryingtoforceawholesetofrulesintoitwilljustmakethingsworse【答案】16.E17.B18.C19.G20.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了進行公共演講的訓練要點。你可以找到一個教練幫助你進行公眾演講訓練也可以參加公眾演講訓練課，并且指出應該找到適合自己的培訓機構?！?6題詳解】根據本段小標題Getacoach以及設空處后句sogethelp（所以尋求一些幫助）可知，E項“不管是什么演講，公開演講都很難”符合此處語境，引起下文Sincethereareaboutabillioncompaniesoutthereallreadytoofferyoupublicspeakingtrainingandcourses。故選E?！?7題詳解】根據下文sogoodpublicspeakingtrainingshoulddevelopthose(好的公共演講培訓應該培養(yǎng)這些能力，而不是告訴你你不應該做什么事。)與空格形成因果關系，所以空格中應表達“你已經做得很好了＂的含義。故選B?！?8題詳解】本題位于段首，為整段的主旨大意。本段第一句中提到lotsofdosanddon’ts,walkaway!可知，如果有的培訓講太多的條條框框的話，要對條條框框說不。故選C（要對條條框框說不）作為本段主旨，符合題意。故選C。【19題詳解】根據上一句Yourbrainissofullofwhatyou’regoingtobetalkingabout(你的腦子里滿是你要講的內容。)可知后一空與前一句形成因果關系，腦子里裝滿了條條框框只會使情況變得更糟。故選G?！?0題詳解】根據上一句goodpublicspeakingtrainingshouldtreatyouasaspecialone,withyourownpersonalhabits.(良好的公開演講培訓應該是把你視作一個特殊的人，有著自己個人的習慣。)可知，本段講的是“與眾不同”，故選A項。第三部分：英語知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)：完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。BeforeIwenttoNatureHighSummerCamp,Ididn'thavemanyopinionsabouttheenvironment-I___21___theenvironmentwasforotherpeopletoworryabout.That____22____didn'tlastlongatthecamp.I___23___learnedaboutlanduseandforestmanagementandstartedto___24___theworldaroundme.Thepersonwho____25____memostwasDiane.Shehadworkedinthe____26____fortwentyyearsandwasbyfarthemost____27____professionalthere.Whenshestartedtalking,Ihungonherevery____28____andthoughtthateverythingshesaidmadesense.Diane___29___mebysuggestingthatputtingoutforestfiresisn't_______30_______agoodthing-infact,thecycleofnaturemakesit_______31_______thatfirestakeplacebecausetheyclearoutdeadmaterialsandenrichthe______32______.BecausetheForestServiceputoutallthefiresinthepast,theaccumulation（堆積）ofdeadmaterialsmeantthataforestfirewouldgrowbiggerandconsume_______33_______.Dianesaidthat_______34_______logging（伐木）wouldactuallyhelptheareabecauseitwouldclearoutthe_______35_______treesandallownewtreestogrow.Dianeaddedthatluckily,necessaryloggingconsumptionhadincreased,whichcould_______36_______theenvironment.I've_______37_______alotfromDiane.I_______38_______thathumansshouldprotecttheenvironment.Thereareother_______39_______forustodotheenvironmentafavor,suchasplantingtrees,_______40_______Paperandrecyclingwater.21.A.disagreed B.explained C.appreciated D.considered22.A.intention B.course C.plan D.opinion23.A.finally B.normally C.secretly D.unwillingly24.A.argueabout B.careabout C.hangaround D.sailaround25.A.supported B.believed C.influenced D.admired26.A.forest B.factory C.school D.city27.A.polite B.experienced C.satisfied D.curious28.A.invitation B.role C.choice D.word29.A.warned B.informed C.shocked D.cheated30.A.likely B.hardly C.always D.ever31.A.necessary B.easy C.worthless D.difficult32.A.knowledge B.mind C.situation D.soil33.A.less B.more C.harder D.better34.A.complete B.endless C.selective D.free35.A.dead B.thick C.newborn D.artificial36.A.help B.ignore C.enjoy D.destroy37.A.borrowed B.learned C.suffered D.ordered38.A.promised B.regretted C.realized D.decided39.A.reasons B.victims C.resources D.ways40.A.cutting B.saving C.making D.using【答案】21.D22.D23.A24.B25.C26.A27.B28.D29.C30.C31.A32.D33.B34.C35.A36.A37.B38.C39.D40.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。講述了我在Diane的影響下對環(huán)境的認識發(fā)生變化的過程，呼吁人類要采取不同的方法保護好環(huán)境?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在我去自然高中夏令營之前，我對環(huán)境沒有太多的看法，我認為環(huán)境是讓其他人擔心的。A.disagreed不同意；B.explained解釋；C.appreciated欣賞；D.considered認為，考慮。根據前句的opinions“觀點，想法”可知，此處在談論作者的想法，故選D項?！?2題詳解】考查名詞短語詞義辨析。句意：這種想法在營地里沒有持續(xù)多久。A.intention意圖；B.course課程；C.plan計劃；D.opinion觀點。根據空格后句“Ilearnedaboutthelanduse”(我了解土地利用問題)可知，我的觀念改變了，故選D項。【23題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我終于了解了土地利用和森林管理，并開始關心我周圍的世界。A.finally終于，最終；B.normally正常地；C.secretly秘密地；D.unwillingly不情愿地。根據前文可知，我有一個轉變的過程，使用副詞“終于”符合語境，故選A項。【24題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意同上。A.argueabout爭論；B.careabout關心；C.hangaround（在某處）等待；D.sailaround四處航行。根據第一段第二句提到的我原來認為環(huán)境是別人要擔心的事情，現在我改變了想法可知，我開始關心了，故選B項?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：對我影響最大的人是Diane。A.supported支持；B.believed相信；C.influenced影響；D.admired崇拜。根據前文可知，我對環(huán)境的認識發(fā)生了改變，這是對我的一種影響，故選C項?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她在森林里工作了二十年，是那里最有經驗的專業(yè)人員。A.forest森林；B.factory工產；C.school學校；D.city城市。根據第三段她談到的“puttingoutforestfire”(撲滅森林火災問)題可知，她應該在森林服務局工作，故選A項。【27題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.polite禮貌的；B.experienced有經驗的；C.satisfied滿意的；D.curious好奇的。根據第二段最后一句“andthoughtthateverythingshesaidmadesense.”（認為她說的一切都很有意義）可知，她在做演講，她是非常有經驗的，故選B項。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當她開始說話時，我仔細聽著她說的每一個字，認為她說的每一句話都有意義。A.invitation邀請；B.role角色；C.choice選擇；D.word字。根據第二段最后一句“andthoughtthateverythingshesaidmadesense.”（認為她說的一切都很有意義）可知，我不想錯過她說的每一個字，故選D項?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：黛安的建議讓我感到震驚，她認為撲滅森林大火并不總是一件好事——事實上，自然循環(huán)使得火災的發(fā)生是必要的，因為它們清除了死去的物質，使土壤肥沃。A.warned警告；B.informed提醒；C.shocked使震驚；D.cheated欺騙。這個事實與一般人認知是不一樣的，所以會讓人感到驚訝，故選C項?！?0題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.likely可能；B.hardly幾乎不；C.always總是；D.ever曾經。根據后句“becausetheyclearoutdeadmaterials”(是因為它們清除死掉的物質并且豐富土壤)句意,可知火災并不總是一件壞事，故選C項。【31題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.necessary必要的；B.easy容易的；C.worthless沒有價值的；D.difficult困難的。由火災的功能可知，火災的發(fā)生有時是必要的，故選A項?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.knowledge知識；B.mind思維；C.situation形勢；D.soil土壤。根據常識，死掉的物質可以“化作春泥”豐富土壤，故選D項。【33題詳解】考查形容詞比較級。句意：因為林業(yè)局過去撲滅了所有的火災，死亡物質的積累意味著森林火災會變得更大，消耗更多。A.less更少；B.more更多；C.harder更難；D.better更好。根據語境過去所撲滅的每一次火會留下大量死掉的物質，不斷積累，屆時燒掉的話消耗的東西會更多，故選B項。【34題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：戴安說，選擇性砍伐實際上會幫助該地區(qū)，因為它會清除死樹，讓新的樹生長。A.complete完全的；B.endless無盡的；C.selective有選擇性的；D.free自由的。根據常識可知科學砍伐對森林的發(fā)展是有好處的，故選C項?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.dead死的；B.thick厚的；C.newborn新生的；D.artificial人工的。死去的與新生的形成對比，故選A項?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Diane補充說，幸運的是，必要的日志記錄消耗增加了，這對環(huán)境有幫助。A.help幫助；B.ignore忽視；C.enjoy享受；D.destroy毀壞。根據副詞luckily可知，此處講的是積極的意義，故選A項?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我從戴安身上學到了很多。A.borrowed借入；B.learned學習；C.suffered遭受；D.ordered命令。根據前文可知我在聽她講話，不放過每一個字，并且知道了一些以前不知道的事實，故選B項。【38題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我意識到人類應該保護環(huán)境。A.promised承諾；B.regretted后悔；C.realized意識到；D.decided決定。呼應前文提到的我的改變，我由不關心變?yōu)殛P心，意識到了自己應該怎么做，故選C項?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對我們來說，有其他保護環(huán)境的方法。A.reasons原因；B.victims受害者；C.resources資源；D.ways方式方法。根據suchas后面舉例植樹、循環(huán)利用水等可知，是有其他保護環(huán)境的方法，故選D項?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們有其他的方法來幫助環(huán)境，如植樹，節(jié)約紙張和循環(huán)用水。A.cutting剪；B.saving節(jié)約；C.making制造；D.using使用。根據句意，保護環(huán)境的方法，節(jié)約用紙符合語義邏輯，故選B項。第二節(jié)：語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，按照句子結構的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入適當的（不超過三個）單詞或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空。ThePalaceMuseumhasannouncedthatallentranceticketsarenowbeingsoldonline,amove___41___（save）visitorsfromqueuingtobuyticketsatthegate.October2ndwasthefirstdaythemuseum,alsoknownastheForbiddenCity,soldall___42___（it）80,000dailyticketsonline.Forvisitors___43___havenotboughtticketsinadvance,museumstaffwillassistthemtopurchaseticketsontheirmobiledevices___44___scanningaQRcode（二維碼）.___45___（base）oncurrentsalesdata,between15,000to20,000ticketsperdayareavailabletobepurchasedonsiteusingtheQRcode.Thatamountisapproximatelywhatwas___46___（previous）soldthrough30ticketboothsintwohours.Ifvisitorsareunabletopurchasetheirticketsonline,forexampletheelderly,foreigntourists___47___thosewithoute-payment,staffatthemuseumcanbookticketsonlineontheirbehalf.AtrialoftheonlineticketingservicebeganonSeptember25th,2011.Lastyear,around77percentofthetickets___48___（book）online.Themuseumbegantolimitdailyvisitorsto80,000inJune2015,preventingexcessivenumbersoftouristsduringholidayperiods.Since2012,themuseum___49___（receive）atleast15millionvisitorseachyear,with____50____numberofvisitorshitting16millionlastyear.【答案】41.saving42.its43.that##who44.by45.Based46.previously47.and48.werebooked49.hasreceived50.the【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了故宮博物院通過網絡創(chuàng)新門票出售方式，大大方便了游客且增加了游客的數量，讓更多人可以走進故宮?！?1題詳解】考查分詞作定語。句意：一個使游客免于在門口排隊買票的舉動。名詞move后面為后置定語，move與save之家存在主動關系，用現在分詞即可，故填saving?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞性物主代詞。句意：十月二日是故宮第一天在線賣完了它一天的八萬張門票。由故宮的門票可知，此處應使用其形容詞性物主代詞，故填its?！?3題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：對于沒有事先購買門票的游客，博物館的工作人員會協(xié)助他們用手機通過掃描二維碼購買門票。定語從句的先行詞visitors指人，且在從句中作主語，需用關系代詞that/who引導。故填that或who?！?4題詳解】考查介詞。句意：博物館的工作人員會協(xié)助他們用手機通過掃描二維碼的方式購買門票。根據后面的動詞形式以及句意可知，此處需要填入一個表示方式的介詞，故填by?！?5題詳解】考查非謂語。句意：基于當前的數據，每天15000到20000張票可在現場通過掃描二維碼的方式買到。逗號前部分為非謂語，bebasedon“基于”，作狀語時用過去分詞短語即可，故填Based?！?6題詳解】考查副詞。句意：那個售票數量大約是以前通過三十個售票窗口在兩個小內賣出的數量。分析句子結構可知此空格修飾從句中的謂語動詞wassold，應使用副詞，故填previously?！?7題詳解】考查連詞。句意：如果游客不能在線購票，比如老人，外國人以及沒有電子支付的人，博物館的工作人員可以代表他們在線購票。根據forexample可知后面為舉例，列舉最后一個時需要用并列連詞and連接，故填and?！?8題詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)以及主謂一致。句意：去年，大約77%的門票是被在線預定的。主語ticket為復數，謂語也應使用復數形式，其與動詞book存在被動關系，且講述的是去年的事情，需使用過去式，故填werebooked?！?9題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：自2012年以來，博物館每年已至少接待了1500萬游客。根據時間狀語“since2012”可知，本句應使用現在完成時態(tài)，主語為themuseum，助動詞用has。故填hasreceived?！?0題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：去年，游客的數量達到了1600萬。此處特指去年游客的數量，應使用定冠詞，表示“…的數量”，故填the。第四部分：寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)：短文改錯（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）51.下面短文中有10處語言錯誤。請在有錯誤的地方增加、刪除或修改某個單詞。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏詞符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（＼）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。Whenthatcomestobooksandfilms,Ipreferreadingbooksthantowatchingfilms.Inmyopinion,bookshavemanybeautifulwordswhatmakepeople