河南省許昌市2024-2025學年高三下學期4月期中考試英語試題（解析版）

高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河南省許昌市2024-2025學年高三下學期4月期中英語試題第Ⅰ卷(選擇題，共95分)第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AMissingPiecesProject:AddYourPiecestotheBigPictureAlloverEnglandareplaceswithstoriestotell:frombuildingstobattlefields,someonyourdoorstep,othersjustadaytripaway.Theirstoriesarestillbeingwritten,andtheywon'tbecompleteuntilyoushareyourside.TheMissingPiecesProjectinvitesyoutoshareyourpicturesandstoriesoftheunique,significantandmemorableplacesontheNationalHeritageListforEngland.TheListisaregisterofallnationallyprotectedhistoricbuildingsandsitesacrossEngland.Yourviewofaplaceisasuniqueasyouare,soeverysnapshotandstoryyouaddisanimportantpieceofthepicture.Andthemorepiecesofthepicturewehave,thebetterwecanworktogethertoprotectwhatmakestheseplacesspecial.Whetheryouhaveaconnectiontoaplacealreadyoryou'rediscoveringitforthefirsttime,yourviewsaddimportantnewpiecestothepicture.Images:fromphonesnapstoscansofoldphotosandarchitects'drawings,fromwideanglestoclose-upsStories:frommemoriesofholidays,schooltripsandfamilyeventstoinformationaboutgrandopeningsandtransformationsPhotosmustbeonesyoutookyourself,frompubliclandorrightsofway,orwithpermissionfromthelandowner.Toaddanhistoricimage,youmusthavetherightstoit.SeetheMissingPiecesProjecttermsandconditionsformoreinformation.Signinandmakeadifference.1.WhatisthepurposeoftheMissingPiecesProject?A.Tocreatefineartpieces. B.Topreservehistoricplaces.C.Topromoteastorycontest. D.Toteachphotographyskills.2.Howcanyoucontributetotheproject?A.Byscanningaportraitofagreatarchitect.B.Bytakingapictureofanewly-builtmuseum.C.BywritingaspecialstoryofyourtriptoFrance.D.BysharingmemoriesofaprotectedEnglishsite.3.Whatisrequiredforaphototakenonaprivateland?A.Qualityinformation. B.Publicpermission.C.Theowner'ssupport. D.Arightbackground.【答案】1.B2.D3.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了“缺失的碎片項目”的相關信息?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Andthemorepiecesofthepicturewehave,thebetterwecanworktogethertoprotectwhatmakestheseplacesspecial.(我們擁有的照片越多，我們就能更好地共同保護這些地方的獨特之處)”可推知，這個項目的目的是為了保護歷史遺址。故選B。【2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“TheMissingPiecesProjectinvitesyoutoshareyourpicturesandstoriesoftheunique,significantandmemorableplacesontheNationalHeritageListforEngland.(“缺失的碎片項目”邀請您分享您在英國國家遺產名錄上的獨特、重要和令人難忘的地方的照片和故事)”可知，通過分享受保護的英國遺址的記憶來為該項目做出貢獻。故選D?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Photosmustbeonesyoutookyourself,frompubliclandorrightsofway,orwithpermissionfromthelandowner.(照片必須是你自己拍的，獲得公共土地或道路權利，或得到土地所有者的許可)”可知，在私人土地上拍攝的照片必須有土地所有者的支持。故選C。BDidyoulistentothesong?IftheMoonhasnotyetcometothestreetlampcanalsoshineonthewindowsillwhitecamellia(山茶花)slightlyopenifthemorningbreezehasnotyetcomeeveningbreezecanalsoblowintothearmsofthegroundtreeshadowgentlyswing.Yes,it’safantasticsong.Butdoyouknowthesongbackground?Thissongisabouttheregretofacouple,twopeoplewholoveeachotherareseparatedbecauseofthestrongoppositionofthewoman’sparents.Thegirlgoesabroad,andtheboybecomesataxidriver.Tenyearslater,bychance,oneday,thegirlgotintotheboy’scarandhadseparatedfromhimfortenyears.Thegirlwasjustlikehowshelookedbackthen,andtheboy’sfacewasfullofvicissitudes(飽經滄桑).Theboyrecognizedthegirlbutdidnotdaretogreether,hedidnotknowwhetherthegirlsittinginthebackrecognizedhim,throughtherearview(后視鏡)mirror,theboysawthatthegirlhaddialedaphone.Thegirlseemedtobethegirl’sgoodfriendonthephone.Alltheway,thegirlhadbeentalkingonthephoneaboutallsortsofthingsabroad,whiletheboyjustlistenedsilently,finallyarrivedatthedestination,thegirlalsohungupthephoneandsaid:Ihavetoldyoumyexperienceduringthisdecade,youdonotevensayhello?Itturnedoutthatthegirlrecognizedtheboyfromthemomentshegotintothecar.Therewasnooneontheothersideofthephone.Everythingwassaidbythegirltotheboy.Atthismoment,theboyhadalreadychokedupandsaid?“Hello”withatremblingvoice.Thegirllookedattheboyaffectionatelyandthenasked:?“Canwegoback?”?“Goback?Ofcourse.Icangoback,butyouhavetopaymore...”,theboysaidwithsmile.4.Howhadtheboychangedafterseparatedfromthegirlfor10years?A.Happyandstrong. B.Wrinkledandhumor.C.Lonelyanddetermined. D.Strongandconfident.5.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Bothoftheirparentsagreementoftheirbeingtogether.B.Thegirldidn’tforgettheboy,buttheboyforgother.C.Theymaytogetherintheend.D.Theboyendsuppoor,andthegirlendsuprich.6.Whatistheauthorwanttoexpressattheendofthestory?A.Theauthorwantsthemtobetogether.B.Theauthordoesn’tthinktheyshouldbetogether.C.Theauthorhopethempursueabetterversionofthemselves.D.TheauthormissestheMoon.7.Wheremightthisstorycomefrom?A.Asciencemagazine. B.Aguidebook.C.Acomicbook. D.Astorybook.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一對相愛情侶因女方父母反對分離，十年后女孩坐上男孩出租車，兩人相認，女孩詢問能否回去的故事?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Thegirlwasjustlikehowshelookedbackthen,andtheboy’sfacewasfullofvicissitudes(飽經滄桑).(女孩還和當年一樣，而男孩的臉上卻飽經滄桑)”可知男孩經歷十年變得飽經滄桑，有了皺紋；再結合最后一段中“‘Goback?Ofcourse.Icangoback,butyouhavetopaymore...’,theboysaidwithsmile.(‘回去?當然。我可以回去，但你得多付點錢……’男孩笑著說)”可以看出男孩說話很幽默。所以男孩十年后飽經滄桑，面帶皺紋，且很幽默。故選B項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Thegirllookedattheboyaffectionatelyandthenasked:‘Canwegoback?’(女孩深情地看著男孩，然后問道：‘我們能回到過去嗎?’)”和最后一段中“‘Goback?Ofcourse.Icangoback,butyouhavetopaymore...’,theboysaidwithsmile.(‘回去?當然。我可以回去，但你得多付點錢……’男孩笑著說)”可知，女孩提出回到過去的想法，男孩沒有拒絕而是幽默回應，由此可推斷出他們最后可能會在一起，所以C項“Theymaytogetherintheend.”是正確表述。故選C項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后倒數(shù)第二段中“Thegirllookedattheboyaffectionatelyandthenasked:‘Canwegoback?’(女孩深情地看著男孩，然后問道：‘我們能回去嗎?’)”和最后一段中“‘Goback?Ofcourse.Icangoback,butyouhavetopaymore...’,theboysaidwithsmile.(‘回去?當然。我可以回去，但你得多付點錢……’男孩笑著說)”可推知，作者在故事結尾這樣的情節(jié)安排是希望他們能夠在一起的。故選A項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thegirlgoesabroad,andtheboybecomesataxidriver.(女孩出國了，男孩成了一名出租車司機)”、第四段中“Tenyearslater,bychance,oneday,thegirlgotintotheboy’scarandhadseparatedfromhimfortenyears.(十年后的一天，女孩偶然坐上了男孩的出租車，他們已經分開十年了)”等內容可知，文章講述了一個富有情感的愛情故事，更符合故事書的特點。故選D項。CTherearefunctioningsteamrailwaysinothercountries:touristsinFrancecangoforarideinBrittany;socanvisitorstravellingtotheDandenongRangesinAustralia.ButnoothercountryhasaheritagerailwaysectoranywherenearasenergeticastheUK’s,wheremorethan170servicescrossaround600milesoftrackandcallat460stations.JustafewyearsafterthefirstoftheserailwaysopenedatTalyllyninnorthWales,in1951,afictionalWelshsteamenginebecamethemaincharacterinthechildren’stelevisionserialIvortheEngine.Onlinesoriginallybuiltforslatequarries(石板采石場),northWalesstillhasthebiggestgroupofsteamrailways,buttheyexistinallfournationsoftheUK,typicallyoperatingseasonaltimetablesintouristareas.Theserailwaysarelivingmuseumswithstationsdecoratedinperiodstyle.Somestaffwearcostumestoo.Upto95%ofthe18.5mjourneysonheritagerailwayseachyeararetakenbydomestictourists.Theyowetheirpopularitytoacombinationofnostalgia(懷舊),enjoymentofthecountrysideandenthusiasmfortheoldengines.Railwaysareexpensivetorun,andthefirststeampreservationenthusiastsrecognisedthattheywouldneedvolunteerstomaketheirdreamofarevivalcometrue.Thisrelianceonvolunteersispartlyduetocutsinbudgetsfromlocalauthoritiesandotherfunders.Butheritagerailwaysareagoodexampleofwhatcanbeachievedbyacombinedpaidandvoluntaryworkforce.Aswellastheeconomiccontributionthattherailwaysmaketoruralareas,thereisevidencethatvolunteeringcanhavebeneficialeffectsonpeopleaswell.Therailwayswillneedtorespond,liketherestofthesociety,toenvironmentalpolicies.Thedestructiveimpactofgreenhousegasesisanobviouschallengetoasectorthattradesonanimageofcoal-poweredtransport.Electricrailwayenginesarebeingusedformaintenance,tobringemissionsdown,andsomerailwaysareactiveinwildlifeconservation.Therewillneedtobefurtheradaptationdowntheline.Thattherailwaysdon’tstandstillhasalwaysbeenpartoftheirappealespeciallyonrainydaysinthesummerholidays.8.HowaretheUK’ssteamrailwaysdifferentfromothercountries'?A.Theyareactiveacrossthecountries. B.Theyserveastouristattractions.C.Theyaremainlypoweredbysteam. D.Theyusesmallamountsofenergy.9.WhydoestheauthormentionIvortheEngine?A.Tospreadknowledgeoftheclassicserial. B.Tointroducetheoriginofsteamengines.C.Toshowthepopularityofsteamrailways. D.Toshareachildhoodmemoryoftravelling.10.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph4?A.Volunteershelptokeepheritagerailwaysalive. B.Economicgrowthdependsonindividualefforts.C.Peoplecan’taffordtotravelbyheritagerailway. D.Localofficialsdon’tuseoldmeansoftransport.11.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsheritagerailways?A.Indifferent. B.Doubtful. C.Appreciative. D.Negative.【答案】8.A9.C10.A11.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了其他國家也有運營的蒸汽鐵路，但英國的遺產鐵路業(yè)最為活躍。這些鐵路不僅是旅游熱點，還承載著懷舊情感和對老式機車的熱愛。它們依賴志愿者和付費員工的共同努力來維持運營，并對鄉(xiāng)村經濟做出貢獻。同時，鐵路部門也在積極適應環(huán)境政策，減少排放，參與野生動物保護，展現(xiàn)出不斷進取的精神?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“ButnoothercountryhasaheritagerailwaysectoranywherenearasenergeticastheUK’s,wheremorethan170servicescrossaround600milesoftrackandcallat460stations.(但沒有一個國家的遺產鐵路業(yè)能與英國相提并論，英國擁有超過170項服務，跨越約600英里的軌道，途經460個車站)”可知，英國的蒸汽鐵路在全國都很活躍。故選A。【9題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“JustafewyearsafterthefirstoftheserailwaysopenedatTalyllyninnorthWales,in1951,afictionalWelshsteamenginebecamethemaincharacterinthechildren’stelevisionserialIvortheEngine.Onlinesoriginallybuiltforslatequarries(石板采石場),northWalesstillhasthebiggestgroupofsteamrailways(1951年，威爾士北部塔爾利林的第一條此類鐵路開通后僅幾年，一部以虛構的威爾士蒸汽機車為主角的兒童電視連續(xù)劇《IvortheEngine》便問世了。在原本為石板采石場修建的鐵路線上，威爾士北部至今仍擁有規(guī)模最大的蒸汽鐵路群)”可推知，作者提到《IvortheEngine》是為了展示蒸汽鐵路的受歡迎程度。故選C?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Railwaysareexpensivetorun,andthefirststeampreservationenthusiastsrecognisedthattheywouldneedvolunteerstomaketheirdreamofarevivalcometrue.Thisrelianceonvolunteersispartlyduetocutsinbudgetsfromlocalauthoritiesandotherfunders.(鐵路運營成本高昂，而早期的蒸汽機車保護愛好者們認識到，要實現(xiàn)復興的夢想，他們需要志愿者。這種對志愿者的依賴部分原因是地方當局和其他資助者削減了預算)”可推知，志愿者幫助保持遺產鐵路的活力。故選A。【11題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Theserailwaysarelivingmuseumswithstationsdecoratedinperiodstyle.(這些鐵路是活生生的博物館，車站裝飾著時代風格)”和文章最后一段“Electricrailwayenginesarebeingusedformaintenance,tobringemissionsdown,andsomerailwaysareactiveinwildlifeconservation.Therewillneedtobefurtheradaptationdowntheline.(電動鐵路機車正被用于維護工作以減少排放，一些鐵路公司也在積極參與野生動物保護。未來還需要沿著這一方向進行更多的適應性調整)”可推知，作者對遺產鐵路持有贊賞的態(tài)度。故選C。D“Inmylab,weworkonalotofdifferenttypesofagingmeasures,”Levinesaid.“Oneofthemostrecentonesisbasedonbloodmeasuresyougetatyournormaldoctor’sappointment.Webasicallytakethoseandcombinethemusingdifferentalgorithmstogetwhatwecallsomeone’sphenotypeageorbiologicalage.”Essentially,everyonehastwoages:achronologicalage,howoldthecalendarsaysyouare,andaphenotypeorbiologicalage,basicallytheageatwhichyourbodyfunctionsasitcomparestoaveragefitnessorhealthlevels.“Peopleofthesamechronologicalagearen’tallatthesameriskfordevelopingcardiovasculardiseaseorcancerorevendying,”Levinesaid.“Whatthebiologicalagedoesisactuallygiveusabetterideaofwheresomeonestandsfortheirage.”“Chronologicalageisn’thowoldwereallyare.It’sasuperficialnumber,”saidprofessorDavidSinclair,co-directorofthePaulF.GlennCenterfortheBiologyofAgingatHarvardMedicalSchool.“Weallagebiologicallyatdifferentratesaccordingtoourgenes,whatweeat,howmuchweexerciseandwhatenvironmentaltoxinsweareexposedto.Biologicalageiswhatdeterminesourhealthandultimatelyourlifespan.Biologicalageisnumberofcandleswereallyshouldbeblowingout.Inthefuture,withadvancesinourabilitytocontrolbiologicalage,wemayhaveevenfewercandlesonourcakethanthepreviousone.”Peoplewithabiologicalagelowerthantheirchronologicalagehavealowermortalityrisk,whilethoseagingolderfromabiologicalstandpointhaveahighermortalityriskandarepotentiallymorepronetodevelopingthediseasesassociatedwiththehigheragerange.Butperhapswhat’smostimportanthere—unlikeresultsfromgenetictesting—isthatthesearemeasuresthatcanbechanged.Doctorscantakethisinformationandempowerpatientstomakechangestolifestyle,diet,exerciseandsleephabits,andhopefullytakestepstolowertheriskandimprovetheirbiologicalage.12.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Levineworksoutdifferenttypesofagingmeasures.B.Peoplehavetwoages,phenotypicageandbiologicalage.C.Doctorsjudgeyouragebasedonbloodmeasures.D.Peoplehavetwoages,chronologicalageandbiologicalage.13.WhichofthefollowingsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Biologicalagereferstohowoldthecalendarsaysyouare.B.Chronologicalageishowoldwereallyare.C.Biologicalagedeterminesourhealthandlifespan.D.Wemayhavemorecandleswithadvancesinourabilitytocontrolbiologicalage.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“mortality”meaninthefifthparagraph?A.accident B.deathrate C.lifetime D.health15.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Peoplecanchangetheirchronologicalage.B.Doctorscanchangepeople’slifestyle.C.Doctorsmayincreasethemortalityrisk.D.Doctorsmayhelppeopleimprovetheirbiologicalage.【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了科學家通過血液檢測等方法評估生物年齡，揭示其比實際年齡更能反映健康狀況和壽命，并強調其可改變性及醫(yī)學應用價值。【12題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Essentially,everyonehastwoages:achronologicalage,howoldthecalendarsaysyouare,andaphenotypeorbiologicalage,basicallytheageatwhichyourbodyfunctionsasitcomparestoaveragefitnessorhealthlevels.(從本質上講，每個人都有兩個年齡：一個是實際年齡，即日歷上顯示的年齡；另一個是表型年齡或生理年齡，即與平均健康水平相比，你的身體機能所處的年齡)”以及全文內容可知，文章主要講述了人們有兩個年齡，一個是實際年齡，另一個是生理年齡，并介紹了生理年齡對人們健康和壽命的影響。因此，D選項“人們有兩個年齡，實際年齡和生理年齡”最能概括文章主旨。故選D?！?3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Biologicalageiswhatdeterminesourhealthandultimatelyourlifespan.(生理年齡決定了我們的健康狀況，并最終決定了我們的壽命)”可知，生理年齡決定了我們的健康和壽命。因此，C選項“生理年齡決定了我們的健康和壽命”是正確的。A選項“生理年齡指的是日歷上顯示的年齡”錯誤，因為生理年齡是與平均健康水平相比，身體機能所處的年齡，而不是日歷上顯示的年齡；B選項“實際年齡是我們真正的年齡”錯誤，因為實際年齡只是日歷上顯示的年齡，并不能完全代表一個人的身體狀況；D選項“隨著我們控制生理年齡能力的提高，我們可能會有更多的蠟燭（即年齡）”錯誤，根據(jù)第四段“Inthefuture,withadvancesinourabilitytocontrolbiologicalage,wemayhaveevenfewercandlesonourcakethanthepreviousone.(在未來，隨著我們控制生理年齡的能力不斷提高，我們生日蛋糕上的蠟燭可能會比上一次生日時還要少（即看起來更年輕）)”可知，隨著我們控制生理年齡能力的提高，我們可能會在蛋糕上插更少的蠟燭（即看起來更年輕）。故選C?！?4題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句“Peoplewithabiologicalagelowerthantheirchronologicalagehavealowermortalityrisk,whilethoseagingolderfromabiologicalstandpointhaveahighermortalityriskandarepotentiallymorepronetodevelopingthediseasesassociatedwiththehigheragerange.(生理年齡低于實際年齡的人mortality風險較低，而從生理角度來看年齡較大的人mortality風險較高，并且可能更容易患上與高齡相關的疾病)”可知，這里是在比較生理年齡與實際年齡對死亡風險的影響。因此，可以推斷出“mortality”在這里的意思是“死亡率”。故選B?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Doctorscantakethisinformationandempowerpatientstomakechangestolifestyle,diet,exerciseandsleephabits,andhopefullytakestepstolowertheriskandimprovetheirbiologicalage.(醫(yī)生可以利用這些信息，讓患者有能力改變生活方式、飲食、運動和睡眠習慣，并希望采取措施降低風險，改善他們的生理年齡)”可推知，醫(yī)生可以利用這些信息來幫助患者改善他們的生理年齡。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。HowLonelinessIsKillingUsLonelinessisabsolutelyanepidemic(流行病)inoursociety,butit’sbeengrowingfordecades.Lonelinessisthesensethat“IamlessconnectedtootherpeoplethanIwanttobe.”_____16_____Andthatmakesitdifferentfromisolation(獨處).Icandeliberatelyisolatemyselfandfeelgreataboutthat,butonlyyoucantellifyou’relonely._____17_____Insomestudies,asmanyas,60%ofpeoplewillsaythattheyfeellonelymuchofthetime.Youngadultsaged16to24aretheloneliestagegroup.Therearemanyfactorsthatareresponsibleforthat.Lonelinesswasontherisefromthe1950sinpartbecauseoftheriseofprivatecars.We’vebecomeamuchmoremobilesocietywherethenetworksoffamilyandfriendsgetlooseaspeoplemoveforjobsandotherkindsofopportunitieslikeeducation._____18_____Butthenittearsusawayfromthecommunitieswearebornintoandspendmuchofourlivescreating.WhentelevisioncameintotheAmericanhome,therewasmoreofadeclineininvestinginourcommunities.Andthatwasmadeworseasthedigitalrevolutiongaveusmoreandmorescreenstolookat.Researchfindslonelinessisdangeroustoourhealth.____19____Inaddition,peoplewhoarelonelyinlatelifehavemorerapidbraindecline.Thechoicewecanmaketokeepusonagoodpathofwellbeingistoinvestinourrelationshipswithotherpeople.____20____.Youbelong.Youmatter.You’reconnected.A.It’saverysubjectiveexperience.B.Allofthatisgoodontheonehand.C.Youmayfeellostandmayhavelowconfidence.D.Stresscomingfromlonelinesscausesphysicalbreakdown.E.Sincethe1950s,peoplehavebeenlessandlessinvestedinotherpeople.F.Peoplegotofarawaycollegesandonlygetintouchwithfamiliesonscreen.G.Agoodwayistofindanactivityaroundotherpeoplewhereyouarecomfortable.【答案】16.A17.E18.B19.D20.G【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了現(xiàn)在人們感到孤獨的原因以及孤獨對我們的影響?！?6題詳析】由上文“Lonelinessisthesensethat“IamlessconnectedtootherpeoplethanIwanttobe”.孤獨是一種“我和別人的聯(lián)系比我想要的少”的感覺)”可知，這里在具體描述孤獨是一種怎樣的狀態(tài)，而A項It’saverysubjectiveexperience.(這是一種非常主觀的體驗)符合語境，其中It指代上文的Loneliness，subjective與上文Iwanttobe對應，所以本句有承上作用。故選A項。【17題詳析】由下文“Insomestudies,asmanyas,60%ofpeoplewillsaythattheyfeellonelymuchofthetime.(在一些研究中，多達60%的人會說他們大部分時間都感到孤獨)”可知，這里講很多人會感覺到孤獨，而E項Sincethe1950s,peoplehavebeenlessandlessinvestedinotherpeople.(自20世紀50年代以來，人們對他人的投入的溝通時間越來越少)符合語境，與下句構成因果關系，所以有啟下作用。故選E項?！?8題詳析】由上文“Therearemanyfactorsthatareresponsibleforthat.Lonelinesswasontherisefromthe1950sinpartbecauseoftheriseofprivatecare.We’vebecomeamuchmoremobilesocietywherethenetworksoffamilyandfriendsgetlooseaspeoplemoveforjobsandotherkindsofopportunitieslikeeducation.(造成這種情況的因素有很多。自20世紀50年代以來，孤獨感呈上升趨勢，部分原因是私人護理的興起。我們已經成為一個流動性更強的社會，隨著人們?yōu)楣ぷ骱徒逃绕渌麢C會而流動，家人和朋友的網絡變得松散)”可知，這里在講造成孤獨的因素。而B項Allofthatisgoodontheonehand.(一方面，這一切都很好)符合語境，that指代上文列舉的具體情況，本句也與but引導的后文形成轉折關系。故選B項。【19題詳析】由上文“Researchfindslonelinessisdangeroustoourhealth.(研究發(fā)現(xiàn)孤獨對我們的健康是危險的)”可知，孤獨對我們的健康是危險的，而D項Stresscomingfromlonelinesscausesphysicalbreakdown.(孤獨帶來的壓力會導致身體崩潰)符合語境，其中physicalbreakdown與上文dangeroustoourhealth對應，所以本句有承上作用。故選D項?！?0題詳析】由上文“Thechoicewecanmaketokeepusonagoodpathofwellbeingistoinvestinourrelationshipswithotherpeople.(我們可以做出的選擇是投資于我們與他人的關系，以保持我們的健康)”可知，這里講我們可以投資于我們與他人的關系來保持我們的健康，而G項Agoodwayistofindanactivityaroundotherpeoplewhereyouarecomfortable.(一個好方法是在別人周圍找一個你覺得舒服的活動)符合語境，本句為改善我們與他人的關系的具體建議，所以有承上作用。故選G項。第三部分英語知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Itwasonlyamatteroftimebeforethelipreadersweighedin.CamerashadcaughtSelenaGomez____21____withTaylorSwiftandKeleighSperryattheGoldenGlobes.Swiftopenedhermouthinapparentmove.Noaudiowas____22____butfanswereleftwondering—what’sthegossip.Thisyear,readersofcelebritylipsaremore____23____thanever,includingadynamicwherepossiblequotesandexchangesbetweencelebritiesarereportedandthensometimes____24____.Manyofthese____25____spreadonTikTok,wherelipreadersontheplatformarecalledto____26____whatcelebritiesaresayinginvideos.TikTokerslikeNinaDellinger,whocallsherselfLipReadingGirlontheplatform,andJackieGonzalez,who____27____a?“DeafGirlReads”series,haveseenaninflux(匯集)of____28____intheirpagesthisyear.Dellingerhasover1.3millionfollowersandGonzalez’svideosofcelebritiesoftenrackupmillionsof____29____.?“Lipreadingismoreofanartthanascience.”saidDellinger.Butitisoftentaken____30____.IntheUnitedKingdom,forinstance,itis____31____incourtundercertaincircumstances.Freemanbecamea____32____in2008afterrespondingtoacallfromanacademicinstitutioninLondonthatwaslookingforlipreadersinthe____33____field.Courtlipreaders,accordingtoFreeman’swebsite,aretrainedtolookathomophones(同音),mouth____34____thatmakethesamesound.Gonzalez,whoalsogrewupdeaf,saidthathavingcontexthelpedwithlipreading’s____35____.Gonzalezsaysconfirmationbias(偏見)mayplayaroleinthemostcelebritylipreadingclips(片段).?“Peopleseewhattheywanttosee,right”Gonzalezsays.?“Sotheyseeaquickclipandwanttobelieveit’ssomefunnygossip.Butalotoftimes,it’snot.”21.A.chatting B.debating C.commenting D.arguing22.A.remained B.recorded C.produced D.manufactured23.A.popular B.serious C.delighted D.inspired24.A.scolded B.yelled C.contributed D.denied25.A.principles B.theories C.rules D.disciplines26.A.reach B.code C.interpret D.demonstrate27.A.posts B.announces C.scores D.gives28.A.gossip B.rumor C.facts D.interest29.A.assistance B.views C.support D.strength30.A.particularly B.seriously C.desperately D.incredibly31.A.major B.acceptable C.engaged D.enormous32.A.communicator B.relative C.academic D.professional33.A.entertainment B.legal C.abstract D.suspect34.A.mirrors B.organs C.shapes D.hooks35.A.emergency B.accuracy C.agency D.frequency【答案】21.A22.B23.A24.D25.B26.C27.A28.D29.B30.B31.B32.D33.B34.C35.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了讀唇術在解讀名人交流方面愈發(fā)流行，在TikTok上受關注，同時闡述了其在法庭特定情形下被認可及專業(yè)性等內容?！?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：攝像機捕捉到賽琳娜·戈麥斯在金球獎上與泰勒·斯威夫特和凱莉·斯佩里聊天。A.chatting聊天；B.debating辯論；C.commenting評論；D.arguing爭論。后文“Swiftopenedhermouthinapparentmove”說明人物之間有交流互動的動作，且從語境來看，在金球獎這樣的場合，名人之間進行輕松的聊天更符合實際情況。故選A項。【22題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：沒有音頻被記錄下來，但粉絲們不禁好奇——八卦內容是什么。A.remained保持；B.recorded記錄；C.produced生產；D.manufactured制造。前文提到“Camerashadcaught”，說明有畫面被捕捉，后文“butfanswereleftwondering—what’sthegossip”說明只有畫面，沒有音頻被記錄下來，所以粉絲們不知道八卦內容是什么。故選B項?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：今年，名人唇語解讀比以往任何時候都更受追捧，甚至形成了一種獨特的現(xiàn)象——媒體先報道明星之間可能的對話內容，隨后這些引述和互動又時常遭到當事人否認。A.popular受歡迎的；B.serious嚴肅的；C.delighted高興的；D.inspired有靈感的。根據(jù)后文“TikTokerslikeNinaDellinger,whocallsherselfLipReadingGirlontheplatform,andJackieGonzalez,whoa?“DeafGirlReads”series,haveseenaninflux(匯集)ofintheirpagesthisyear.Dellingerhasover1.3millionfollowersandGonzalez’svideosofcelebritiesoftenrackupmillionsof.”可知，與讀唇術相關的TikTok用戶受到大量關注，說明解讀名人唇語的行為越來越受歡迎。故選A項?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：今年，名人唇語解讀比以往任何時候都更受追捧，甚至形成了一種獨特的現(xiàn)象——媒體先報道明星之間可能的對話內容，隨后這些引述和互動又時常遭到當事人否認。A.scolded責罵；B.yelled大喊；C.contributed貢獻；D.denied否認。結合常識和第一段中“what’sthegossip”可推知，名人交流之間被報道出來的八卦內容很多時候會被名人本人否認，這與“possiblequotesandexchangesbetweencelebritiesarereported”形成合理的邏輯關聯(lián)。故選D項。【25題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這些理論很多在TikTok上傳播，在這個平臺上，讀唇者被要求解讀視頻中名人在說什么。A.principles原則；B.theories理論，說法；C.rules規(guī)則；D.disciplines紀律。根據(jù)前文內容和后文“spreadonTikTok”可知，名人唇語解讀受到追捧，所以TikTok平臺傳播的應該是唇語解讀技巧和相關理論。故選B項?！?6題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這些理論很多在TikTok上傳播，在這個平臺上，讀唇者被要求解讀視頻中名人在說什么。A.reach到達；B.code編碼；C.interpret解讀；D.demonstrate證明?！癓ipreaders”的職責就是解讀唇語，這與后文“whatcelebritiesaresayinginvideos”相呼應。故選C項?！?7題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：像妮娜·德林格這樣的TikTok用戶，她在平臺上自稱“讀唇女孩”，還有杰基·岡薩雷斯，她發(fā)布了一個“聾女讀唇”系列，今年她們的頁面受到了大量關注。A.posts發(fā)布；B.announces宣布；C.scores得分；D.gives給。“a?‘DeafGirlReads’series”是一系列的內容，結合TikTok平臺的特點，是需要用戶發(fā)布出來的。故選A項。【28題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：像妮娜·德林格這樣的TikTok用戶，她在平臺上自稱“讀唇女孩”，還有杰基·岡薩雷斯，她發(fā)布了一個“聾女讀唇”系列，今年她們的頁面受到了大量關注。A.gossip八卦；B.rumor謠言；C.facts事實；D.interest興趣，關注。根據(jù)后文“Dellingerhasover1.3millionfollowersandGonzalez’svideosofcelebritiesoftenrackupmillionsof.”可知，兩人的TikTok都有大量粉絲，所以她們的頁面受到了大量關注。故選D項?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：德林格有超過130萬粉絲，岡薩雷斯關于名人的視頻經常獲得數(shù)百萬的瀏覽量。A.assistance幫助；B.views瀏覽量；C.support支持；D.strength力量。與前文“Dellingerhasover1.3millionfollowers”相照應，岡薩雷斯的視頻也有很多粉絲，有巨大的瀏覽量。故選B項?！?0題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：但讀唇術常常被認真對待。A.particularly特別地；B.seriously認真地；C.desperately絕望地；D.incredibly難以置信地。后文“itisincourtundercertaincircumstances”表明讀唇術在法庭特定情況下是被認可的，這說明它是被認真對待的。故選B項?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：例如，在英國，在某些情況下，讀唇術在法庭上是被認可的。A.major主要的；B.acceptable可接受的；C.engaged忙碌的；D.enormous巨大的。前文“itisoftentaken”說明讀唇術常被認真對待，所以在法庭這種嚴肅的場合，在特定情況下是可以被接受的。故選B項?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：弗里曼在2008年成為了一名專業(yè)人士，此前他回應了倫敦一家學術機構的招聘，該機構正在尋找法律領域的讀唇者。A.communicator溝通者；B.relative親戚；C.academic學者；D.professional專業(yè)人員。后文“Courtlipreaders,accordingtoFreeman’swebsite”明確指出弗里曼是作為法庭讀唇者，這屬于專業(yè)的領域，所以他成為了專業(yè)人員。故選D項?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：弗里曼在2008年成為了一名專業(yè)人士，此前他回應了倫敦一家學術機構的招聘，該機構正在尋找法律領域的讀唇者。A.entertainment娛樂；B.legal法律；C.abstract抽象；D.suspect嫌疑犯。前文“incourt”和后文“Courtlipreaders”清晰地表明了招聘讀唇者的領域是法律領域。故選B項?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：根據(jù)弗里曼的網站介紹，法庭讀唇者經過訓練，會觀察同音詞、發(fā)出相同聲音的口型。A.mirrors鏡子；B.organs器官；C.shapes形狀；D.hooks鉤子?！癈ourtlipreaders”為了準確解讀話語，需要觀察發(fā)出相同聲音的口型，也就是“mouthshapes”。故選C項?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同樣從小失聰?shù)膶_雷斯說，有上下文有助于提高讀唇的準確性。A.emergency緊急情況；B.accuracy準確性；C.agency機構；D.frequency頻率。結合常識，有上下文信息輔助，讀唇時能更準確地判斷內容，這與岡薩雷斯所說的話相契合。故選B項。第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題，共55分)第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。NewguidelineonmarineenvironmentreleasedThe____36____(submit)ofpubliclawsuit(訴訟)aboutmarineenvironmentaldamageshavebeenallowedbythemarinecourtsinanewdocument.Themarinecourtsareappointedspecialrightsinthedocument,____37____(issue)bytheSupremePeople’sCourt.Themanagingdepartmentscansubmitpubliclawsuitformakingupagainstoffendersinmarinecourtfortheacts____38____resultindestructiontomarineecology.Additionally,peoplecanalsosubmitpubliclawsuitagainsttherelateddepartments____39____theyfailtoperformtheirduties.____40____therapiddevelopmentofthemarineeconomy,pollutionfromshipsandtheexploitationofmarineresourcescontinues