山東省菏澤市2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期4月期中考試英語試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省菏澤市2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期4月期中考試英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheCaytonChildren’sMuseumisanon-profitorganizationthatactivatesthepowerofplaytoenrichthelivesofchildrenandtheirfamilies,buildstronger,moreconnectedcommunities,andcreateabetterworld.TheCaytonChildren’sMuseumisafavouriteamongthelocalfamilies.Themuseumishometo5separateexhibitwingsthatcovertopicsfromimaginationandcreativitytolearningaboutcareersandtheworld.Itoffers21,000squarefeetofdiscoveryfromahelicoptertoaminiatureartefactandtosomuchmore.Thereareartstudios,astate-of-the-arttheatre,andadaptablecommunityspaces–youandyourchildcanexperiencetheCaytondifferentlyeverytime.Mostexhibitsareconsideredappropriateforkidsundertheageof10,butevenoldervisitorscanhavefunwhilewalkingthroughandtestingoutthehands-ondisplays.Thatmeansthisisaperfectplacefortheentirefamilytohaveadayoffun.Admission:Generalvisitors,$15;Yearlymembershipsareavailablefor$240.Childrenunderone-year-old,forfree.Afewbasicrules:Pleasefollowtheinstructionsofthestaff.Weencouragewalkinginsteadofrunning.Childrenmustalwaysbeaccompaniedbytheiradults.Someexhibitshaveagerestrictions.Bemindfulofsigns.Bemindfulofothervisitorsinthespacewhentakingphotos.Address:395SantaMonicaPl.;Nearbybusstopsareon2ndStreetandBroadwayor4thStreet.Generalpublic:Monday-Sunday10am-5pmClosedTuesdayMemberaccess:Monday-Saturday9-10amClosedTuesdayParking:Parkingisavailableintheparkingstructures.Thefirst90minutesofparkingisfree.1.WhatisthegoaloftheCaytonChildren’sMuseum?A.Toexpandthelocalculture.B.Togivekidsmoreeducation.C.Tocreategoodlivingconditions.D.Todevelopchildren’screativity.2.WhatmakestheCaytonChildren’sMuseumspecial?A.Itcoversavarietyofthemes.B.Ithascloselylinkedexhibitareas.C.Allexhibitsareavailabletokidsofallages.D.ChildrenandparentscanaccesstheCaytonseparately.3.WhatcanwelearnabouttheCaytonChildren’sMuseum?A.YoucanvisitthemuseumonTuesday.B.Youcanparkthereforfreefortwohours.C.Youhaveachancetotakeahelicopterride.D.YoucangetoffatBroadwaytovisitthemuseum.【答案】1.D2.A3.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要提供了關(guān)于Cayton兒童博物館的詳細(xì)信息，包括其宗旨、設(shè)施、展覽、門票價(jià)格、規(guī)則、開放時(shí)間、地址和停車詳情等，目的是向讀者介紹該博物館，幫助他們決定是否前往參觀?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“TheCaytonChildren’sMuseumisanon-profitorganizationthatactivatesthepowerofplaytoenrichthelivesofchildrenandtheirfamilies,buildstronger,moreconnectedcommunities,andcreateabetterworld.(Cayton兒童博物館是一個(gè)非營(yíng)利性組織，它發(fā)揮玩耍的力量，豐富孩子們及其家庭的生活，打造更強(qiáng)大、更緊密相連的社區(qū)，并創(chuàng)造一個(gè)更美好的世界。)”以及第二段“Themuseumishometo5separateexhibitwingsthatcovertopicsfromimaginationandcreativitytolearningaboutcareersandtheworld.(該博物館擁有五個(gè)獨(dú)立的展覽區(qū)，涵蓋的主題從想象力和創(chuàng)造力到對(duì)職業(yè)和世界的了解。)”可知，該博物館通過玩耍的力量來豐富孩子及其家庭的生活，并且博物館的展覽涵蓋了從想象力和創(chuàng)造力到對(duì)職業(yè)和世界的學(xué)習(xí)等主題，這體現(xiàn)了博物館致力于發(fā)展孩子們的創(chuàng)造力。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Themuseumishometo5separateexhibitwingsthatcovertopicsfromimaginationandcreativitytolearningaboutcareersandtheworld.(該博物館擁有五個(gè)獨(dú)立的展覽區(qū)，涵蓋的主題從想象力和創(chuàng)造力到對(duì)職業(yè)和世界的了解。)”可知，該博物館有5個(gè)獨(dú)立的展覽區(qū)，涵蓋了從想象力和創(chuàng)造力到職業(yè)和世界認(rèn)知等多個(gè)主題，這體現(xiàn)了其主題的多樣性，是其特別之處。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第四段“Address:395SantaMonicaPl.;Nearbybusstopsareon2ndStreetandBroadwayor4thStreet.(地址：圣莫尼卡廣場(chǎng)395號(hào)；附近的公交站點(diǎn)位于第二大街和百老匯交匯處，或第四大街。)”可知，附近的公交站點(diǎn)在第二大街和百老匯或第四大街，所以可以在百老匯下車去參觀博物館。故選D。BIcarriedtheflame(火焰)in1984inthetorchrelay(火炬?zhèn)鬟f)asitmadeitswayacrossthecountrytotheOlympicsinLosAngeles.Whatagreathonouritwas.Iwasn’tsomesuccessfulOlympicathlete.IonlycarrieditthroughacornerofConnecticut.MydaddidsomevoluntaryworkfortheOlympicsthatyear,andhethoughtitwassomethingIwouldenjoy.LetmegobacktothatnightinMay,1984.TheflamehadjustbegunitsrouteacrossAmerica,covering15,000kilometres.ThatfirstdayitmovedslowlyfromNewYork,eachrunnercarryingitforakilometre.Someoftherunnerswerelegendary,likethegranddaughterofgoldmedalistJesseOwen.Otherswerecommonpeoplelikemeandsupportersofthecause.Ihadbeensentauniformandtheofficialtorch.IhelditasIstoodwaitingintheduskfortheflametoarrive.Partofmewonderedifitwouldevenarrive.Wouldtheyeverfindenoughrunnerstocoverthatenormousdistance?Otherpeoplegatheredtogetherinthedarkonthesidewalk.Whatwouldtheysee?Allatonceithappened.Arunnerappearedandlitmytorch.Iwassentonmyway,joggingdownthehighway.IfIhadworriedaboutfindingmywayinthedark,therewasnoquestionnow.Peoplelinedtheroad,clappingandshoutingasIpassed.Actually,itwasnotformebutforthefreeexpressionofathleticskill;thecelebrationoftalentanddedication.Alltoosoonitwasover.Butnotreallyover.Ipassedtheflameontothenextrunner,whowouldpassitalongtothenextandnextuntilitfinallyreachedgoldmedalistRaferJohnsonwhowouldcarryitintotheL.A.Coliseum.HowluckyIwastoplayapart!ButIthinkweallhavetheseopportunitiestocarrythetorch,forweareallthelightoftheworld.Therefore,whynotletyourlightshine?4.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“thecause”inParagraph2referto?A.TheOlympicGames. B.Thevoluntarywork.C.Thesuccessfulathletes. D.Thefiercecompetition.5.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenwaitingfortheflametoarrive?A.Frightened. B.Concerned.C.Excited. D.Disappointed.6.Whydidtheauthorthinkthepeopleonthesidewalkshouted?A.TocheerfortheOlympicspirits. B.Toencouragehimtomoveon.C.Toshowtheirrespectforhim. D.Topraisethecareerhechose.7.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthetext?A.Heappliedforthetorchrelaybyhimself.B.Hepreferredtoseeotherscarrythetorch.C.Hefeltproudofhavingsuchanexperience.D.Headvisedustovalueeverychancewehave.【答案】4.A5.B6.A7.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在1984年作為火炬手參與洛杉磯奧運(yùn)會(huì)火炬?zhèn)鬟f的經(jīng)歷，作者雖然只是傳遞了康涅狄格州的一個(gè)角落，但深感榮幸，并意識(shí)到每個(gè)人都有機(jī)會(huì)傳遞“火炬”，成為世界之光，鼓勵(lì)大家讓自己的光芒閃耀?！?題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“Icarriedtheflame(火焰)in1984inthetorchrelay(火炬?zhèn)鬟f)asitmadeitswayacrossthecountrytotheOlympicsinLosAngeles.(1984年，我在火炬接力中攜帶火炬穿越全國前往洛杉磯奧運(yùn)會(huì)。)”以及第二段中的“TheflamehadjustbegunitsrouteacrossAmerica,covering15,000kilometres.ThatfirstdayitmovedslowlyfromNewYork,eachrunnercarryingitforakilometre.Someoftherunnerswerelegendary,likethegranddaughterofgoldmedalistJesseOwen.Otherswerecommonpeoplelikemeandsupportersofthecause.(火焰剛剛開始穿越美國的旅程，行程15,000公里。第一天，它從紐約緩慢出發(fā)，每位火炬手跑一公里。有些火炬手是傳奇人物，比如金牌得主杰西·歐文斯的孫女。其他人則像我這樣的普通人，都是這項(xiàng)事業(yè)的支持者。)”可知，火炬?zhèn)鬟f是為了奧運(yùn)會(huì)，而像作者這樣的普通人也是這項(xiàng)“事業(yè)”（即奧運(yùn)會(huì)）的支持者，所以“thecause”指的是“奧運(yùn)會(huì)”。故選A項(xiàng)。【5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“IhelditasIstoodwaitingintheduskfortheflametoarrive.Partofmewonderedifitwouldevenarrive.Wouldtheyeverfindenoughrunnerstocoverthatenormousdistance?Otherpeoplegatheredtogetherinthedarkonthesidewalk.Whatwouldtheysee?(我手持火炬，站在黃昏中等待火焰的到來。我內(nèi)心的一部分在想，它是否會(huì)到來。他們能找到足夠的火炬手來跑完這么長(zhǎng)的距離嗎？其他人聚集在黑暗中的人行道上。他們會(huì)看到什么呢？)”可知，作者在等待火焰到來時(shí)內(nèi)心有疑惑，擔(dān)心火焰是否會(huì)到來，也擔(dān)心是否能找到足夠的火炬手，說明作者當(dāng)時(shí)是擔(dān)憂的、關(guān)心的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的“Peoplelinedtheroad,clappingandshoutingasIpassed.Actually,itwasnotformebutforthefreeexpressionofathleticskill;thecelebrationoftalentanddedication.(人們站在道路兩旁，當(dāng)我經(jīng)過時(shí)鼓掌和歡呼。實(shí)際上，這不是為了我，而是為了自由表達(dá)運(yùn)動(dòng)技能；是為了慶祝天賦和奉獻(xiàn)精神。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為路邊的人歡呼不是為了他個(gè)人，而是為了奧林匹克精神，即自由表達(dá)運(yùn)動(dòng)技能，慶祝天賦和奉獻(xiàn)精神。由此可推知，作者認(rèn)為路邊的人歡呼是為了給奧林匹克精神加油。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“HowluckyIwastoplayapart!ButIthinkweallhavetheseopportunitiestocarrythetorch,forweareallthelightoftheworld.Therefore,whynotletyourlightshine?(我能參與其中是多么幸運(yùn)啊！但我認(rèn)為我們都有機(jī)會(huì)傳遞火炬，因?yàn)槲覀兌际鞘澜缰?。因此，為什么不讓你自己的光芒閃耀呢？)”可知，作者認(rèn)為能參與火炬?zhèn)鬟f很幸運(yùn)，并鼓勵(lì)大家像火炬手一樣，讓自己的光芒閃耀，由此可推知，作者為有這樣的經(jīng)歷感到自豪。故選C項(xiàng)。CDifferentdietaryhabitsandfoodconsumptionhavetheirowngeographical(地理的)distribution,especiallyinChina.TheChinesepeoplehavedevelopedmanytraditionalfoodsthroughtheirlonghistoryandalsoledtoarichanddiversefoodculture.Duetothegeographicalenvironment,therearesomedietaryandculturaldifferencesbetweenNorthernandSouthernChina.Becauseofthecoldandthevastnessoftheplain,NortheastChinagrowmanycold-resistantcrops,whichbecomethebaseforNortheasterncuisine.DiSanXianisthemostdistinctivedishinNortheastChina,whichconsistsofpotatoes,eggplantsandgreenpeppers.NortheastChinesedishesfeaturelargequantityandfullness,whichmaycomefromtheheroiccharacteristicsoftheNortheastpeople.LocatedinthesouthernpartofChina,Guangdongisarelativelywarmandhumid(潮濕的)region.Duetotheclimate,theleadingfoodinGuangdonghasbeentropicalcropssuchasricesinceancienttimes.ThesteamedricenoodlerollorChangFen,atraditionalCantonesefood,hasseveralcharacteristicsbroughtbythegeographicalenvironmentofGuangdong.Inthisdish,starch(淀粉),riceflourandwateraremixedtoformapaste.Thenthepasteisspreadacrossamulti-layeredboxorclothtosteamandenhancedwithmeat,fishorshrimp.SichuanislocatedinthemiddleofChina.ItsmaingeographicalfeatureistheSichuanBasin.ThebasinnatureofSichuanmeansthatitissurroundedbyhighmountainswithhightemperaturesandhumidity.SincepepperswereintroducedintoChina,SichuanhasbeenthecapitalofspicyfoodinChinabecauseitsuniquegeographicalenvironmentisverysuitableforthegrowthofpeppers.PeppersareoftenusedtocookSichuandishes,andchickenwithchilies,orLaZiJi,isapopularone.Chicken,salt,peppersandothersimpleingredientscancookadeliciouslyspicymeal.Thespicyflavorcanalsostimulatepeople’sappetite.8.WhatdoweknowaboutthecropsusedinDiSanXianfromparagraph2?A.Theyareveryeasytocook.B.TheyarenativetoNortheastChina.C.Theyareresistanttocoldweather.D.Theyarecheaperthanothervegetables.9.WhichaspectofChangFendoesparagraph3focuson?A.Itstrueorigin. B.Itshealthbenefits.C.Itscookingprocess. D.Itsmajorfeatures.10.WhatroledidtheintroductionofpeppersplayinSichuan?A.Itledtothepopularityofspicydishesthere.B.ItcausedadeclineintraditionalSichuancuisine.C.IttransformedSichuanintoamajorspiceexporter.D.ItmadeSichuancuisinepopularinNorthernChina.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Everycountryhasitsownuniquefood.B.Eachplacehasitsgeographicalfeatures.C.Peoplehavedifferentconsumptionhabits.D.Geographycanaffectpeople’sdietaryhabits.【答案】8.C9.C10.A11.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了中國不同地區(qū)由于地理環(huán)境的差異，形成了不同的飲食習(xí)慣和飲食文化，通過舉例東北、廣東、四川等地的特色食物，說明了地理環(huán)境對(duì)飲食的影響?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Becauseofthecoldandthevastnessoftheplain,NortheastChinagrowmanycold-resistantcrops,whichbecomethebaseforNortheasterncuisine.DiSanXianisthemostdistinctivedishinNortheastChina,whichconsistsofpotatoes,eggplantsandgreenpeppers.(由于寒冷的氣候和平原的廣袤，中國東北種植了許多耐寒作物，這些作物成為了東北菜的基礎(chǔ)。地三鮮是中國東北最具特色的菜肴，由土豆、茄子和青椒組成)”可知，用于制作地三鮮的作物是耐寒的。故選C?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“ThesteamedricenoodlerollorChangFen,atraditionalCantonesefood,hasseveralcharacteristicsbroughtbythegeographicalenvironmentofGuangdong.Inthisdish,starch(淀粉),riceflourandwateraremixedtoformapaste.Thenthepasteisspreadacrossamulti-layeredboxorclothtosteamandenhancedwithmeat,fishorshrimp.(腸粉，一種傳統(tǒng)的廣東食物，具有廣東地理環(huán)境帶來的幾個(gè)特點(diǎn)。在這道菜中，淀粉、米粉和水混合形成面糊。然后將面糊鋪在多層盒子或布上蒸制，并加入肉、魚或蝦來提升口感)”可知，該段重點(diǎn)描述了腸粉的制作過程。故選C?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“SincepepperswereintroducedintoChina,SichuanhasbeenthecapitalofspicyfoodinChinabecauseitsuniquegeographicalenvironmentisverysuitableforthegrowthofpeppers.PeppersareoftenusedtocookSichuandishes,andchickenwithchilies,orLaZiJi,isapopularone.(自從辣椒傳入中國以來，四川一直是中國的辣味美食之都，因?yàn)槠洫?dú)特的地理環(huán)境非常適合辣椒的生長(zhǎng)。辣椒經(jīng)常被用于烹飪四川菜，辣子雞就是一道很受歡迎的菜)”可知，辣椒的引入使得四川的辣味菜肴流行起來。故選A。【11題詳析】主旨大意題。文章開篇指出不同的飲食習(xí)慣和食物消費(fèi)有各自的地理分布，尤其是在中國，由于地理環(huán)境的原因，中國南北存在飲食和文化差異，然后分別舉例東北、廣東、四川的特色食物及其與地理環(huán)境的關(guān)系。D選項(xiàng)“Geographycanaffectpeople’sdietaryhabits.”（地理會(huì)影響人們的飲食習(xí)慣），符合文章主旨。故選D。DSeaturtles(海龜)livelifeonthemove.Adultseaturtlesmoverepeatedlybetweenfeedingandbreeding(繁殖)areas.Sothequestionnaturallyarises:Howdoturtlesguidetheirjourneysacrossvastwaterwithoutlandmarks?Thirtyyearsofworkwithturtleshasprovidedaframeworkforunderstandingthoseremarkabletravels.Aseaturtle’sfirstmigrationseemsasimpletask:swimmingtowardtheopenoceanandawayfromland.Newlyhatchedseaturtlescannotseethedirectionoftheopenocean.Whenenteringthesea,theydiveunderthesurface,usewatermotioncausedbywavestodeterminethedirection,andthenswimdirectlytowardopenwater.Seaturtlescanalsokeepacourseinonedirectionusingbiologicalcompassesbasedonthesun’sortheearth’smagneticfield(磁場(chǎng)).Foryoungturtles,however,acompassaloneisn’tenoughtokeepthemsafe.Fortunately,theearth’smagneticfieldprovidesturtleswithamap.Severalmagneticfeaturesaregeographicallydifferentsothateveryplacehasitsownmagneticaddress,whichallowsseaturtlestosensetheirpresentmagneticaddressesandsetcourseforthemagneticaddressesoftheirdestinations.Seaturtlesarebornwiththeabilitytorecognizespecificmagneticaddressesintheoceanandtoswimindirectionsthatkeepthemsafe.Forexample,Floridaturtlesdon’ttraveltoofarnorthintodangerouscoldwaters.Theamazingmagneticnavigation(導(dǎo)航)ofturtlesisofimportance.Conservationistsneedtomakesurethatturtlescanrecognizetheirbirthplaceandthefeedingareainanaturalmagneticenvironment.AnimalsprogrammedtomigrateintheAtlanticOceanareunlikelytonavigateproperlyinthePacificandviceversa.Ifresearcherskeepsuchneedsinmind,itseemslikelythatthesameskillsthatguidedturtlesforthelast120millionyearswillkeepthemontrackforthenext120millionyears.12.Whyisthequestionraisedinthefirstparagraph?A.Tomakeaprediction.B.Tocomeupwithasolution.C.Tointroducethetopicofthetext.D.Todescribeseaturtles’lifecycle.13.Whatdoweknowaboutnewbornseaturtlesfromparagraph2?A.Theirmotionchangeshowwavesaremoving.B.Theycandirectlyidentifytheocean’sdirection.C.Theirjourneytotheopenoceanisquitesimple.D.Theyrelyonseawavestofigureoutthedirection.14.Whatdoesthe“map”mentionedinparagraph3referto?A.Approachestoescapingfromenemies.B.Potentialdangersofseaturtles’journeys.C.Specificchangesofseaturtles’destinations.D.Signalsofferedbyeacharea’smagneticfeatures.15.Inwhichaspectdoesstudyingturtles’magneticnavigationplayanimportantrole?A.Protectingthespecies.B.Recognizingseaanimals.C.Collectingmoreturtles.D.Improvingseaconditions.【答案】12.C13.D14.D15.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文，文章介紹了海龜是如何在沒有地標(biāo)的情況下在廣闊的水域中引導(dǎo)自己的旅程的?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Sothequestionnaturallyarises:Howdoturtlesguidetheirjourneysacrossvastwaterwithoutlandmarks?Thirtyyearsofworkwithturtleshasprovidedaframeworkforunderstandingthoseremarkabletravels.(所以問題自然產(chǎn)生了：海龜是如何在沒有地標(biāo)的情況下在廣闊的水域中引導(dǎo)自己的旅程的？三十年來對(duì)海龜?shù)难芯繛槔斫膺@些非凡的旅行提供了一個(gè)框架)”可知，第一段提出問題：海龜是如何在沒有地標(biāo)的情況下在廣闊的水域中引導(dǎo)自己的旅程的？下文主要是圍繞該問題展開，故第一段提出問題是為了引入文章話題，故選C?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Newlyhatchedseaturtlescannotseethedirectionoftheopenocean.Whenenteringthesea,theydiveunderthesurface,usewatermotioncausedbywavestodeterminethedirection,andthenswimdirectlytowardopenwater.(剛孵出的海龜看不見大海的方向。入海時(shí)，它們潛入水面下，利用波浪引起的水運(yùn)動(dòng)來確定方向，然后直接向開闊的水域游去)”可知，剛孵出的海龜依靠海浪來確定方向，故選D?！?4題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中“Fortunately,theearth’smagneticfieldprovidesturtleswithamap.Severalmagneticfeaturesaregeographicallydifferentsothateveryplacehasitsownmagneticaddress,whichallowsseaturtlestosensetheirpresentmagneticaddressesandsetcourseforthemagneticaddressesoftheirdestinations.Seaturtlesarebornwiththeabilitytorecognizespecificmagneticaddressesintheoceanandtoswimindirectionsthatkeepthemsafe.(幸運(yùn)的是，地球磁場(chǎng)為海龜提供了地圖。一些磁場(chǎng)特征在地理上是不同的，所以每個(gè)地方都有自己的磁場(chǎng)地址，這使得海龜可以感知它們當(dāng)前的磁場(chǎng)地址，并為它們的目的地設(shè)置磁場(chǎng)地址。海龜天生就有識(shí)別海洋中特定磁場(chǎng)地址的能力，并能游向安全的方向)”可知，每個(gè)地方都有不同的磁場(chǎng)地址，海龜天生就有識(shí)別海洋中特定磁場(chǎng)地址的能力，并能游向安全的方向，所以“地圖”指的是“每個(gè)區(qū)域的磁場(chǎng)特征所提供的信號(hào)”，故選D?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Conservationistsneedtomakesurethatturtlescanrecognizetheirbirthplaceandthefeedingareainanaturalmagneticenvironment.AnimalsprogrammedtomigrateintheAtlanticOceanareunlikelytonavigateproperlyinthePacificandviceversa.Ifresearcherskeepsuchneedsinmind,itseemslikelythatthesameskillsthatguidedturtlesforthelast120millionyearswillkeepthemontrackforthenext120millionyears.(自然資源保護(hù)主義者需要確保海龜能夠在自然磁場(chǎng)環(huán)境中識(shí)別自己的出生地和覓食區(qū)域。在大西洋遷徙的動(dòng)物不太可能在太平洋正確地導(dǎo)航，反之亦然。如果研究人員牢記這些需求，那么在過去的1.2億年里指引海龜?shù)募寄芎芸赡軙?huì)在未來的1.2億年里讓它們走上正軌)”可知，研究海龜?shù)拇艑?dǎo)航在未來保護(hù)海龜物種方面起著重要的作用，故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HownottobeboredwhenyouhavetowaitItravelalot.Ontheopenroadarealwaysinterestingpeopleandnewplaces.____16____Itistheconstantwaiting.WhenItravel,Iwaittoboardtheplane,waitinrestaurants,waittocheckintohotels,andwaitonandon.Foryears,IhavetriedtodesignmylifeinsuchawaytolowerhowmuchtimeIhavetospendwaiting:Iaskforthecheckassoonastheserverbringsmemylunch;Ihaveallthesubscriptions(訂閱)thathelptostreamlineone’spassagethroughtheairport;____17____Nodoubtmywaitingtimeisasmallerpartofwhatitusedtobe.Butrecently,Ihaverealizedthatmystrategyhelpsjustalittle,justforawhile.Despitemanyimprovements,I’mnotanylesstroubledbythewaitingIstillhavetoendure.Anotherwaitingstrategymostpeoplehaveturnedtooflateisdistractionbyelectronicdevices.Youmightthinkthatthissolutionmustwork.____18____Therootproblemwithwaitingforsomethingwewantisthatitproducestwoconditionsthathumanshate:boredomandlackofautonomy(獨(dú)立自主).Onewayofunderstandingboredomisthatit’sastateinwhichyoufailtofindmeaning.Standinginline,knowingthatyou’redoingsotogetordosomethingbutarebeingforcedtospendthetimeunproductively,iswhatfeelsmeaningless.____19____Itmeansthatyourbehaviorcan’tchangethesituationathand.Thinkofthelasttimeyouwaitedatanairportforalong-delayedflight,andtheannoyancethatcamefromnotbeingabletodoanythingaboutitexceptwait.Thebestwaytolowerthemiseryofwaiting,then,turnsouttobenottochangetheworldbuttochangeoneselftolivebetterinaworldofwaiting.____20____Mostofusgoaboutourdaysfeelingdissatisfiedwiththeworld,becauseitisfailinginsomewaytoconform(符合)toourpreferencesandconvenience.Todosoislikecanoeingdownariverandrailingagainstthewindingcourseittakes.Whynotsimplyfollowthosebendsasbestwecan?A.Infact,itmightnotworkatall.B.Wewanttobeincontrolofourlives.C.Waitingalsolowersyoursenseofautonomy.D.Butthereisonethingabouttravelthatannoysme.E.Ichoosehotelsthathaveself-servicecheck-infacilities.F.Itleadsustothinkabouttherootproblemwithwaiting.G.Thatinsightcanapplynotjusttowaitingbuttolifeitself.【答案】16.D17.E18.A19.C20.G【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了旅行中令人厭煩的等待問題。作者嘗試多種策略減少等待時(shí)間，分析等待帶來厭煩和缺乏自主性的原因，最終指出改變自己是降低等待痛苦的最佳方式，且這種見解同樣適用于生活。【16題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Itravelalot.Ontheopenroadarealwaysinterestingpeopleandnewplaces.(我經(jīng)常旅行。在路上總是有有趣的人和新的地方。)”以及下文“Itistheconstantwaiting.WhenItravel,Iwaittoboardtheplane,waitinrestaurants,waittocheckintohotels,andwaitonandon.(就是持續(xù)不斷的等待。當(dāng)我旅行時(shí)，我等待登機(jī)，在餐館等待，等待入住酒店，等等。)”可知，這里需要一個(gè)句子來引出旅行中讓人煩惱的等待這一話題。D選項(xiàng)“Butthereisonethingabouttravelthatannoysme.(但是關(guān)于旅行有一件事讓我煩惱。)”，承上啟下。故選D項(xiàng)。【17題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Foryears,IhavetriedtodesignmylifeinsuchawaytolowerhowmuchtimeIhavetospendwaiting:Iaskforthecheckassoonastheserverbringsmemylunch;Ihaveallthesubscriptions(訂閱)thathelptostreamlineone’spassagethroughtheairport;(多年來，我一直試圖以一種方式來規(guī)劃我的生活，以減少我必須花費(fèi)在等待上的時(shí)間：服務(wù)員一給我上午餐我就要求結(jié)賬；我訂閱了所有有助于簡(jiǎn)化通過機(jī)場(chǎng)流程的服務(wù)；)”可知，這里是在舉例說明作者為減少等待時(shí)間所做的事情。E選項(xiàng)“Ichoosehotelsthathaveself-servicecheck-infacilities.(我選擇有自助入住設(shè)施的酒店。)”，也是減少等待時(shí)間的具體做法，與上文并列。故選E項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Anotherwaitingstrategymostpeoplehaveturnedtooflateisdistractionbyelectronicdevices.Youmightthinkthatthissolutionmustwork.(最近大多數(shù)人采用的另一種等待策略是通過電子設(shè)備來分散注意力。你可能認(rèn)為這個(gè)解決方案一定有效。)”可知，這里提到了人們認(rèn)為通過電子設(shè)備分散注意力的等待策略有效，而下文應(yīng)該是對(duì)這種觀點(diǎn)的反駁。A選項(xiàng)“Infact,itmightnotworkatall.(事實(shí)上，它可能根本不起作用。)”與上文形成轉(zhuǎn)折，符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Itmeansthatyourbehaviorcan’tchangethesituationathand.Thinkofthelasttimeyouwaitedatanairportforalong-delayedflight,andtheannoyancethatcamefromnotbeingabletodoanythingaboutitexceptwait.(這意味著你的行為無法改變眼前的情況。想想你上次在機(jī)場(chǎng)等待長(zhǎng)時(shí)間延誤的航班時(shí)，那種除了等待什么也做不了的煩惱。)”可知，這里在說等待會(huì)讓人感覺缺乏自主性。C選項(xiàng)“Waitingalsolowersyoursenseofautonomy.(等待也會(huì)降低你的自主感。)”，能夠概括本段主旨。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Thebestwaytolowerthemiseryofwaiting,then,turnsouttobenottochangetheworldbuttochangeoneselftolivebetterinaworldofwaiting.(那么，減輕等待痛苦的最好方法，結(jié)果不是改變世界，而是改變自己，以便在一個(gè)充滿等待的世界里生活得更好。)”以及下文“Mostofusgoaboutourdaysfeelingdissatisfiedwiththeworld,becauseitisfailinginsomewaytoconform(符合)toourpreferencesandconvenience.Todosoislikecanoeingdownariverandrailingagainstthewindingcourseittakes.Whynotsimplyfollowthosebendsasbestwecan?(我們大多數(shù)人每天都對(duì)這個(gè)世界感到不滿，因?yàn)樗谀承┓矫娌环衔覀兊南埠煤捅憷?。這樣做就像在河上劃獨(dú)木舟，卻抱怨它蜿蜒的路線。為什么不盡我們所能順著那些彎道走呢？)”可知，這里在說這種改變自己適應(yīng)等待的見解不僅適用于等待，也適用于生活。G選項(xiàng)“Thatinsightcanapplynotjusttowaitingbuttolifeitself.(這種見解不僅適用于等待，也適用于生活本身。)”，承上啟下。故選G項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。JamesGaileyhadalreadyretired(退休).At80yearsold,hewasenjoyingtimeintheNorthTexascommunityofCallisburg.AlthoughGaileyhadnointentionof____21____totheworkforce,hehadno____22____whenhismonthlyrentwasraisedby$400.Sincehecouldn’t____23____thatcost,hestartedworkingasaschooljanitor(看門人).Threestudents____24____todosomethingaboutthe____25____.GreysonThurman,BannerTidwell,andMartiYuskocreatedaGoFundMepageandsharedGailey’s____26____ontheInternet.“No80-year-oldshouldhaveto____27____becausetheyhaveto,”saidTidwell.“Itshouldbeoutoftheirownwill.ItupsetusthatGaileyhadtoworktokeephis____28____.”Whenthestudentsstartedtheactivity,their____29____wastogetGaileysomeextra____30____tohelpwithhisrentissues.Ninedayslater,theyraised$270,000“It’samazing,”saidJasonHooper,theprincipalofCallisburgHighSchool.“Theneedwas____31____becauseofthreekindkids.”Manyofthe____32____ontheGoFundMepagewerefromstudentsandstaffatCallisburgHighSchool.Gaileyhadonlyworkedforamonthbeforethestudents____33____tohelphimreturntoretirement.AccordingtoHooper,notimetablewassetforGaileyto____34____theschool.“Itis____35____toseesomethinglikethat.Weknewpeoplewouldwanttohelp,”saidYusko.“Butwedidn’tknowitwouldblowup.”21.A.adapting B.returning C.turning D.contributing22.A.choice B.excuse C.problem D.view23.A.question B.share C.cut D.afford24.A.pretended B.feared C.decided D.remembered25.A.interview B.situation C.survey D.competition26.A.doubt B.advantage C.chance D.difficulty27.A.work B.forgive C.explain D.help28.A.job B.strength C.house D.word29.A.advice B.goal C.approach D.challenge30.A.courage B.space C.time D.money31.A.accepted B.stressed C.avoided D.met32.A.donations B.updates C.comments D.stories33.A.wenton B.steppedin C.sloweddown D.gaveup34.A.leave B.finish C.support D.visit35.A.free B.crazy C.embarrassing D.concerning【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.B26.D27.A28.C29.B30.D31.D32.A33.B34.A35.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了三個(gè)學(xué)生為幫助退休老人支付房租而發(fā)起募捐活動(dòng)。【21題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管蓋利沒有重返職場(chǎng)的打算，但當(dāng)他的月租金上漲了400美元時(shí)，他別無選擇。A.adapting適應(yīng)；B.returning返回；C.turning轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)；D.contributing貢獻(xiàn)。根據(jù)上文“JamesGaileyhadalreadyretired(退休).At80yearsold,hewasenjoyingtimeintheNorthTexascommunityofCallisburg.AlthoughGaileyhadnointentionof”可知，蓋利已經(jīng)退休，所以這里是沒有“返回”職場(chǎng)的打算。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管蓋利沒有重返職場(chǎng)的打算，但當(dāng)他的月租金上漲了400美元時(shí)，他別無選擇。A.choice選擇；B.excuse借口；C.problem問題；D.view觀點(diǎn)。根據(jù)下文“whenhismonthlyrentwasraisedby$400.Sincehecouldn’tthatcost,hestartedworkingasaschooljanitor(看門人).”可知，他因?yàn)楦恫黄鹕蠞q的房租而選擇去當(dāng)看門人，說明他別無選擇，havenochoice意為“別無選擇”。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：由于他付不起這筆費(fèi)用，他開始在學(xué)校當(dāng)看門人。A.question提問；B.share分享；C.cut削減；D.afford負(fù)擔(dān)得起。根據(jù)下文“hestartedworkingasaschooljanitor(看門人).”可知，他開始當(dāng)看門人，說明他付不起上漲的房租，afford意為“負(fù)擔(dān)得起”，符合語境。故選D?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：三名學(xué)生決定對(duì)這種情況采取一些措施。A.pretended假裝；B.feared害怕；C.decided決定；D.remembered記得。根據(jù)下文“GreysonThurman,BannerTidwell,andMartiYuskocreatedaGoFundMepageandsharedGailey’sontheInternet.”可知，三名學(xué)生創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)GoFundMe頁面，并在網(wǎng)上分享了蓋利的困難，說明他們決定采取一些措施來幫助蓋利，decidetodosth.意為“決定做某事”，符合語境。故選C?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：三名學(xué)生決定對(duì)這種情況采取一些措施。A.interview采訪；B.situation情況；C.survey調(diào)查；D.competition競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。根據(jù)上文“Sincehecouldn’tthatcost,hestartedworkingasaschooljanitor(看門人).”和下文“GreysonThurman,BannerTidwell,andMartiYuskocreatedaGoFundMepageandsharedGailey’sontheInternet.”可知，這里指的是蓋利因?yàn)榉孔馍蠞q不得不重新工作的這種“情況”。故選B?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：格雷森·瑟曼、班納·蒂德韋爾和馬蒂·尤斯科創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)GoFundMe頁面，并在網(wǎng)上分享了蓋利的困難。A.doubt懷疑；B.advantage優(yōu)勢(shì)；C.chance機(jī)會(huì)；D.difficulty困難。根據(jù)上文“Sincehecouldn’tthatcost,hestartedworkingasaschooljanitor(看門人).”可知，蓋利因?yàn)榉孔鈫栴}不得不重新工作，這是他面臨的“困難”，學(xué)生們?cè)诰W(wǎng)上分享的就是他的這個(gè)困難。故選D?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“任何80歲的老人都不應(yīng)該因?yàn)樯钏榷坏貌还ぷ鳎钡俚马f爾說。A.work工作；B.forgive原諒；C.explain解釋；D.help幫助。根據(jù)上文“No80-year-oldshouldhaveto”和下文“becausetheyhaveto”可知，這里說的是80歲的老人不應(yīng)該因?yàn)樯钏榷肮ぷ鳌?。故選A?！?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：蓋利為了保住自己的房子而不得不工作，這讓我們很沮喪。A.job工作；B.strength力量；C.house房子；D.word話語。根據(jù)上文“Sincehecouldn’tthatcost,hestartedworkingasaschooljanitor(看門人).”可知，由于他付不起房租，他開始在學(xué)校當(dāng)看門人，說明他為了保住房子而不得不工作，符合語境。故選C?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)學(xué)生們開始這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)時(shí)，他們的目標(biāo)是籌集一些額外的錢來幫助蓋利解決房租問題。A.advice建議；B.goal目標(biāo)；C.approach方法；D.challenge挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)下文“togetGaileysomeextratohelpwithhisrentissues.”可知，籌集一些額外的錢來幫助蓋利解決房租問題是學(xué)生們開始這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)的目標(biāo)。故選B?！?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)學(xué)生們開始這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)時(shí)，他們的目標(biāo)是籌集一些額外的錢來幫助蓋利解決房租問題。A.courage勇氣；B.space空間；C.time時(shí)間；D.money錢。根據(jù)下文“Ninedayslater,theyraised$270,000”可知，九天后，他們籌集了27萬美元，說明他們的目標(biāo)是籌集一