浙江省9加1聯(lián)盟2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期4月期中考試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省9加1聯(lián)盟2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期4月期中英語(yǔ)試題第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Havethecarmoved.B.Contactherneighbors.C.Parkhercaroutsideherhouse.【答案】A【原文】W:Thanksforcomingouthere,officer.Thereisanabandonedcaroutsidemyhouse.Itblockedmyway.M:Haveyouaskedaroundyourneighborhood?W:Yes,butnoneofmyneighborsknowwhoownsit.2.Whydoesthemanapologize?A.Hesatinthewrongseat.B.Heforgottheassignment.C.Heenteredthewrongclassroom.【答案】A【原文】W:Excuseme,thisseatistaken.ProfessorLingaveusassignedseatsonthefirstdayofclass.M:Sorry,Iforgot.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Callingforhelp.B.Lookingforajob.C.Supportingabookstore.【答案】B【原文】M:Doyouthinktheycoulduseanymorehelpatthebookstore?Ireallyneedalittleextracash.W:No,I’mafraidnot.Butyouknowwhat,Isawanew“helpwanted”signatthecafeteriathismorning.4.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atahairsalon. B.Atadrycleaner’s. C.Ataclothingstore.【答案】C【原文】M:Iwaslookingatsomeofyourtrousers,buttheyareallabittoolong.Canyouhelpshortenthemhere?W:Yes.Itcosts$7,andittakesoneday.M:Great.Thanksforyourhelp.5.Howwastheweatheronthemainland?A.Bright. B.Stormy. C.Cloudy.【答案】A【原文】M:Howwasyourholiday?W:Itwasn’tbad.M:Iheardtheweatherwasreallystormythere,though.W:Oh,itwasterribleonsomeofthenearbyislands.Butwewereluckyonthemainland-notacloudinthesky,thewholetimeIwasthere.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6.WhatdoesMabelappreciateaboutthenewjob?A.Thecompanycar.B.Theincreasedincome.C.Theofficeenvironment.7.WhatdoweknowaboutMabel?A.Shedrivestowork.B.Sheworksalonenow.C.Sheoftenchatswithcolleagues.【答案】6.B7.B【原文】M:Areyouenjoyingyournewjob,Mabel?W:It’sgreat,thanks.I’mdoingreallywell,andit’sgreathavingtheextramoney.It’sthesamesalaryasbefore,butIgetpaidabonuseverythreemonths.M:Ibetyoumissyourcompany-providedautomobile!W:I’mactuallyenjoyingnothavingtodriveorhuntforaparkingspace!M:Whataboutyourworkmates?Doyoushareaharmoniousrelationshipwiththem?W:I’mtheonlyoneinmydepartmenthere,soit’stotallydifferentfrommyoldoffice,whichwasopen-plan.Nomorequickchatsbetweenemails!聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8.Whatdoesthemando?A.Amuseumworker. B.Abusdriver. C.Atourguide.9.Whattimeisitnow?A.About10:30. B.About11:30. C.About12:30.【答案】8.C9.A【原文】M:We’vejustarrivedattheCumberlandHouse.ThiswasthehomeofJohnCumberland,whofoundedourcitymorethan200yearsago.It’snowbeenturnedintoamuseum.Whydon’tyoualltakealookarounditforanhourorso?W:Arethereanybrochureswecangettolearnmoreaboutthehouseanditshistory?M:Yes,thereare.Youcanpickupsomefreebrochuresattheinformationdeskrightbesidethefrontdoor.They’lltellyoueverythingyouneedtoknowaboutthisplace.Besuretobebackatthebusby11:30sothatwecandeparthereandvisittheLandersArtGallerynext.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。10.WhatclubdoesMonicabelongto?A.Abaseballclub. B.Ajoggingclub. C.Areadingclub.11.WhatdoesMonicasuggestCharliedo?A.Getalongwithhisparents.B.Dosomejoggingafterschool.C.Trytomeetlike-mindedpeople.12.WhatcanwelearnaboutCharlie?A.HeisfromMiami.B.HeisaloneinLondon.C.Heisinadifficultsituation.【答案】10.B11.C12.C【原文】W:Hi,Charlie.Howareyou?HowisitgoinginLondon?M:Hello,AuntieMonica.Well,thingsaren’tgoingverywellformehere,youknow.I’minanewschool.IhavenomatesandI’mconstantlyhavingargumentswithmyparents.Wejustcan’tseemtogetalong.W:Oh,Charlie,I’msosorry.Ididn’trealizeyouweresounhappy.Listen,ittookmeayeartosettleintolifeinMiami.I’vemadesomereallygoodfriendsbyjoiningajoggingclub.Youjustneedtogiveitsometime.Whateffortsareyoumakingtomeetnewpeople?M:Well,noneactually.W:Youwereonthebaseballteamatyouroldschool.Theremustbeateaminyourschool.Whydon’tyoutryout?M:IguessIcould.W:Andyouareintobooks;whynotjoinabookclub?Gotoyourlocallibraryandask.M:Thatsoundsinteresting.I’lldothat.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。13.WhatisOliver’sroleinthetalentshowthisyear?A.Performingonstage.B.Organizingtheevent.C.Managingthetechnicalaspects.14.WhichperformancedoesOliverlikebest?A.Therocksong.B.Thecomedyroutine.C.Theclassicalpianopiece.15.WhatdoesOliverthinkofthetechnicalteam’sjob?A.Satisfying. B.Boring. C.Disappointing.16.Whenwillthelastpracticebe?A.NextFriday. B.NextThursday. C.NextWednesday.【答案】13.B14.C15.A16.B【原文】W:Oliver,Iheardyou’reinvolvedintheschool'sannualtalentshow.How’sthatgoing?M:It’squiteachallenge,Mia.Wehaveawidevarietyofactsthisyear,frommusictomagictricks.W:Thatsoundsexciting!Areyouperformingaswell?M:I’mmorebehindthescenesthistime,arrangingthescheduleandhelpingwiththestageset-up.W:Managingsomanydifferentactsmustbetough.M:Indeed,especiallyensuringeachactgetsenoughpracticetime.Butseeingthestudents’enthusiasmmakesitworthwhile.W:Absolutely.Arethereanyactsthatstandouttoyou?M:Definitely!Agroupdoingacomedyroutine,abandplayingarocksongandastudentdoingaclassicalpianopiece-allofthemarewonderful.Buttheclassicalpianopieceleftalastingimpression.W:Ican’twaittoseeit.Howareyouhandlingthetechnicalaspects,suchaslightingandsound?M:Wehaveateamforthat.Mostofthemarestudentsfromthetechnicalclub.They’rereallytalentedandmakesureeverythingrunssmoothly.W:Itsoundslikeagreatteameffort.Whenistheshow?M:NextFriday.Therewillbeafinalpracticesessionthedaybeforetheperformance.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17.Whatisthespeaker?A.Agovernmentofficer.B.Aweatherresearcher.C.Aradiohost.18.WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutHurricaneGloria?A.Ithasspeededup.B.Ithasmovedsoutheast.C.Ithasreachedthecoast.19.Howcanpeoplegetthelatestweatherinformation?A.BytextinganSMS.B.Byvisitingawebsite.C.Bymakingaphonecall.20.Whatshouldconcernedlistenersdonext?A.Donateusefulitems.B.Waitforfurtherinstructions.C.HelpattheGovernor’soffice.【答案】17.C18.A19.A20.B【原文】M:Sorryfolks,we’regoingtohavetocutshortourregularprogramhere.ThisisanemergencyannouncementfromtheGovernor’soffice.TheNationalWeatherServicehasissuedaseverehurricanewarningforFairfax,Hollfair,Merrywood,andPutnamCounties.HurricaneGloriahasincreasedfromacategory1toamuchmoreseverecategory4storm,withwindspeedsreachingupto150milesperhour,accompaniedbyheavyrains.ItismovingsteadilynorthwestandisexpectedtoreachthecoastearlySunday,around9a.m.Inresponse,theGovernorisaskingallresidentsofthecoastalareastoleavetheirhomesbeforethestormhits.Thegovernmentiscurrentlysettinguptemporarysheltersforresidentsthroughoutthestate.Youcanfindalistoftheselocationsonthegovernmentwebsite,.Additionally,toreceiveregularweatherupdatesforyourareaonyourphone,sendanSMSto1-9-9-1.Again,thenumberis1-9-9-1.Now,we’vealreadyreceivedcallsandemailsfromconcernedlistenersouttherewantingtoknowhowtheycanhelp.AssoonastheGovernor’sofficemakesanannouncementaboutwhatisneededandwheretosenditems,we’llbesuretomakethatinformationavailable.第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATherearecountlessexhibitionspacesandfairsintheworldfocusingoncontemporaryart.However,theonesthatstandoutasthebestartgalleriesoftenembracethelatestgenerationofartistsandshownever-before-seenmediums.Hereare3ofthebestcontemporaryartgalleriesfromacrosstheworld.WhiteCubeWhiteCubewasonceviewedasanearlyexhibitionvenueforyoungBritishartiststogettheirstartwhenestablishedin1993.Overtheyears,thegalleryandthetalentitrepresentshavereachedinternationalacknowledgementasaninnovativeandforward-thinkingartinstitution.WhiteGalleryisrenownedforitsuniquesoloexhibitionsthatmakeguestsrethinkhowatraditionalartshowcanbepresented.LocationsincludeLondon,HongKong,Paris,NewYork,andWestPalmBeach.VictoriaMiroGalleryVictoriaMarionMiro,oneofthemostcelebratedwomenartcollectors,launchedthegalleryin1985.Atthattime,thegallerywasonlyabitlargerthanastudio,yetitstillmanagedtobecomeoneofthemosttalkedaboutartspacesintheworld.Today,thegalleryrepresentsthemostrespectediconsandthoughtleadersintheartindustry.LocationsincludeLondonandVenice.AddisFineArtRakebSileandMesaiHaileleufoundedAddisFineArtwiththemissiontohighlightcontemporaryartistsfromtheHornofAfricaregion.Foundedin2016,ithasopenedadialogueonmodernAfricanartwithintheindustryandgivenartiststheopportunitytoshowcasetheirworksonaglobalplatform.AddisFineArt’sartistsincludeinfluentialmodernistpainterslikeLulsegedRettaandGirmaBerta.LocationsincludeAddisAbabaandLondon.21.WhatisspecialaboutWhiteCube?A.Itfeaturesdistinctsoloshows.B.Itadoptstraditionalapproaches.C.Itfocusesonyoungwomenartists.D.Itoperatesgalleriesindifferentcities.22.WhatdoAddisFineArtandVictoriaMiroGalleryshare?A.Bothwerefoundedinthelastcentury.B.BothhavegallerylocationsinLondon.C.Bothstartedassmallstudioapartments.D.BothprioritizeBritishmodernistpaintings.23.Whereisthisarticlemostlikelyfrom?A.Ajournaldiscussingarttechniques.B.Ahistoricaltextbookconcerningart.C.Awebsiteintroducingartistsandcollectors.D.Amagazinehighlightingglobalartgalleries.【答案】21.A22.B23.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了世界上三個(gè)著名的當(dāng)代藝術(shù)畫廊?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“WhiteGalleryisrenownedforitsuniquesoloexhibitionsthatmakeguestsrethinkhowatraditionalartshowcanbepresented.(白立方畫廊以其獨(dú)特的個(gè)展而聞名，這些個(gè)展讓觀眾重新思考傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)展覽可以如何呈現(xiàn))”可知，白立方畫廊的特別之處在于它以獨(dú)特的個(gè)展為特色。故選A。【22題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章對(duì)VictoriaMiroGallery的介紹“LocationsincludeLondonandVenice.(地點(diǎn)包括倫敦和威尼斯)”以及對(duì)AddisFineArt的介紹“LocationsincludeAddisAbabaandLondon.(地點(diǎn)包括亞的斯亞貝巴和倫敦)”可知，阿迪斯美術(shù)畫廊和維多利亞?米羅畫廊的共同之處是它們?cè)趥惗囟加挟嬂?。故選B。【23題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Hereare3ofthebestcontemporaryartgalleriesfromacrosstheworld.(以下是來(lái)自世界各地的三家最好的當(dāng)代藝術(shù)畫廊)”可知，文章主要介紹了世界上三個(gè)著名的當(dāng)代藝術(shù)畫廊，包括它們的相關(guān)信息?？赏茰y(cè)本文最有可能來(lái)自一本介紹全球藝術(shù)畫廊的雜志。故D。B“WhathaveIgottenmyselfinto?”IwonderedasIsatthrougharesearchmeetingconductedentirelyinPolish,unabletoevenreadthetitleonthescreen.HavingonlybasicPolishlanguageskills,Ifoundmyexperimentincross-culturalcooperationmorechallengingthanIhadexpected.Theideaofspendingtimeabroadhadn’toccurredtomeuntilmyadvisorsuggesteditduringmyfirstyear.Withhissupport,IenjoyedaremarkablesummerinalaboratoryinJapan,whichleftmewantingmore.So,IappliedforaFulbrightfellowshipinPoland.Toreceivethefellowship,Ifirsthadtofindalabtohostme,andneitherInormyadvisorhadanyconnectionstoPoland.RelyingonGoogletotranslatelabwebsites,Ibegantosendcoldemails.Whenmyeventualhostresponded,eagertocollaborate,Iwasthrilled.Isuddenlyfeltthepossibilitiesformyresearchcareerwereendlessandglobal.IwasthefirstvisitingscholarmyresearchgrouphadhostedfromtheUnitedStates,andmyPolishcolleagueswerecuriousaboutwhatbroughtmetotheircountry.Thisledtomanyfruitfuldiscussionsaboutthesimilaritiesanddifferencesinhowscienceisconductedacrosscultures.Forexample,muchofthefundinginPolandisawardedtoteamsratherthanindividuals.Thesystempromotescross-disciplinary(跨學(xué)科的)cooperationsacrossthecountry,whichinturnshapeshowscientistsdesignandcarryoutstudies.IlearnedasmuchaboutthehistoryandcultureinCentralandEasternEuropeasIdidscientifically.ColleaguesrelatedfirsthandaccountsaboutchallengestheregionfacedduringtheColdWar.Manylaboratorieshadlimitedresources,andtheyrarelypublishedtheirresearchinEnglish.Thoseconditionshelpedshaperesearchonantimicrobialtreatmentintobacteriophageandantibiotics,andPolandremainleadersintheformertothisday.Myculturalimmersionmademeabetterresearcher.Inowseecross-culturalcooperationsasawaytoovercomecommunicationbarriersthatcanblockprogressinscience.Bysteppingoutsidemycomfortzone,IgainedtheconfidencetonavigatemyresearchinnewdirectionsthatImighthaveotherwiseboxedmyselfoutof.24.WhydidtheauthorapplyforfellowshipinPoland?A.Tofollowtheadvisor’ssuggestion.B.TopracticePolishandlearnitsculture.C.Tohaveanotherrewardingexperience.D.TocontinuetheresearchstartedinJapan.25.HowdidtheauthorbenefitfromtheexperienceinPolland?A.HebecameanexpertinColdWarhistory.B.Hehadaccesstocross-disciplinarycooperations.C.Heobtainedscientificknowledgeandaglobalperspective.D.Hesecuredindividualfundingforfutureresearchprojects.26.Whichwordsbestdescribetheauthor?A.Helpfulanddetermined.B.Cautiousandinnovative.C.Curiousandcompetitive.D.Adventurousandinquisitive.27.Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutcross-culturalcooperations?A.Theyareessentialfortheadvancementofscience.B.Theymightboxresearchersoutofacertaindirection.C.Theyshouldprioritizelanguagetrainingoverresearch.D.Theyarevaluelessforcreativemindsinscientificfield.【答案】24.C25.C26.D27.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了作者在波蘭進(jìn)行跨文化合作研究的經(jīng)歷，包括申請(qǐng)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的過(guò)程、在波蘭的研究生活以及這段經(jīng)歷給他帶來(lái)的收獲?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Withhissupport,IenjoyedaremarkablesummerinalaboratoryinJapan,whichleftmewantingmore.So,IappliedforaFulbrightfellowshipinPoland.(在他的支持下，我在日本的一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)室度過(guò)了一個(gè)非凡的夏天，這讓我渴望更多。所以，我申請(qǐng)了波蘭的富布賴特獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金)”可知，作者申請(qǐng)波蘭獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金是為了獲得另一次有意義的經(jīng)歷。故選C?！?5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“IlearnedasmuchaboutthehistoryandcultureinCentralandEasternEuropeasIdidscientifically.(我對(duì)中歐和東歐的歷史和文化的了解與我在科學(xué)方面的了解一樣多)”以及第六段“Myculturalimmersionmademeabetterresearcher.Inowseecross-culturalcooperationsasawaytoovercomecommunicationbarriersthatcanblockprogressinscience.(我的文化沉浸使我成為一名更好的研究者。我現(xiàn)在將跨文化合作視為克服阻礙科學(xué)進(jìn)步的溝通障礙的一種方式)”可推知，作者在波蘭的經(jīng)歷讓他獲得了科學(xué)知識(shí)和全球視野。故選C?！?6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Withhissupport,IenjoyedaremarkablesummerinalaboratoryinJapan,whichleftmewantingmore.So,IappliedforaFulbrightfellowshipinPoland.(在他的支持下，我在日本的一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)室度過(guò)了一個(gè)非凡的夏天，這讓我渴望更多。所以，我申請(qǐng)了波蘭的富布賴特獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金)”以及第三段“RelyingonGoogletotranslatelabwebsites,Ibegantosendcoldemails.Whenmyeventualhostresponded,eagertocollaborate,Iwasthrilled.(依靠谷歌翻譯實(shí)驗(yàn)室網(wǎng)站，我開始發(fā)陌生郵件。當(dāng)我最終的接待方回復(fù)我，并且渴望合作時(shí)，我非常激動(dòng))”可知，作者在日本有了一次不錯(cuò)的經(jīng)歷后，即便在沒(méi)有與波蘭相關(guān)聯(lián)系，且自身波蘭語(yǔ)技能僅為基礎(chǔ)水平的情況下，仍大膽申請(qǐng)去波蘭的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，并主動(dòng)發(fā)郵件聯(lián)系實(shí)驗(yàn)室，這體現(xiàn)了他的冒險(xiǎn)精神（Adventurous），敢于走出舒適區(qū)去嘗試新的經(jīng)歷。再根據(jù)第四段“IwasthefirstvisitingscholarmyresearchgrouphadhostedfromtheUnitedStates,andmyPolishcolleagueswerecuriousaboutwhatbroughtmetotheircountry.Thisledtomanyfruitfuldiscussionsaboutthesimilaritiesanddifferencesinhowscienceisconductedacrosscultures.(我是我的研究小組接待的第一位來(lái)自美國(guó)的訪問(wèn)學(xué)者，我的波蘭同事們很好奇是什么把我?guī)У搅怂麄兊膰?guó)家。這引發(fā)了許多關(guān)于不同文化中科學(xué)研究方式的異同的富有成效的討論)”和第五段“ColleaguesrelatedfirsthandaccountsaboutchallengestheregionfacedduringtheColdWar.Manylaboratorieshadlimitedresources,andtheyrarelypublishedtheirresearchinEnglish.Thoseconditionshelpedshaperesearchonantimicrobialtreatmentintobacteriophageandantibiotics,andPolandremainleadersintheformertothisday.(同事們講述了該地區(qū)在冷戰(zhàn)期間面臨的挑戰(zhàn)的第一手資料。許多實(shí)驗(yàn)室資源有限，而且他們很少用英語(yǔ)發(fā)表研究成果。這些條件促成了對(duì)噬菌體和抗生素的抗菌治療的研究，并且波蘭在前者方面至今仍處于領(lǐng)先地位)”可知，作者積極參與和同事們的討論，了解當(dāng)?shù)乜茖W(xué)研究的情況以及地區(qū)歷史等內(nèi)容，展現(xiàn)出他強(qiáng)烈的求知欲(inquisitive)，對(duì)新的知識(shí)和文化充滿好奇并主動(dòng)去探索。所以選項(xiàng)D（有冒險(xiǎn)精神和求知欲的）最能描述作者，故選D。【27題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段“Inowseecross-culturalcooperationsasawaytoovercomecommunicationbarriersthatcanblockprogressinscience.(我現(xiàn)在將跨文化合作視為克服阻礙科學(xué)進(jìn)步的溝通障礙的一種方式)”可推知，作者認(rèn)為跨文化合作對(duì)科學(xué)的進(jìn)步是至關(guān)重要的。故選A。CPuttingtheuniquelyhumanversionofacertaingene(基因)intomicechangedthewaythatthoseanimalsvocalized(發(fā)聲)toeachother,suggestingthatthisgenemayplayaroleinspeechandlanguage,accordingtoanewstudyinthejournalNatureCommunications.Foryears,scientistshavebeentryingtofindthedifferentgenesthatmayhavebeeninvolvedintheevolutionofspeech,aslanguageisoneofthekeyfeaturesthatsetshumansapartfromtherestoftheanimalkingdom.“Therearegenesconcernedwithlanguagethathavenotbeenhuman-specific,”saysRobertDarnell,aphysicianatRockefellerUniversity,notinganewlydiscoveredgenecalledNOVA1,whichisactiveinthebrain,whereitproducesaproteinthatcanaffecttheactivityofothergenes.NOVA1isfoundinmanylivingcreatures,buthumanshaveauniquevariant.YokoTajima,apostdoctoralassociateinDarnell’slab,ledanefforttoputthisvariantintomice,toseewhateffectitwouldhave.Onepartofthestudyinvolvedrecordingthemicemakingchirps(叫聲).Thesecriestypicallyoccurwhenpupsareseparatedfromtheirmothers,andlaterinlifemalesstringsimilarsoundstogetherintosongstocourtfemalemice.Itturnsoutthatgeneticallytransformedmousebabiesborninthesamelitterasnormalmicechirpeddifferentlytogettheirmother’sattention.Andgeneticallychangedadultmalessangnotablydifferentromanticsongs.ThestudyinterestedCedricBoeckx,aresearcherwiththeCatalanInstituteforAdvancedStudiesandResearchandtheUniversityofBarcelona,whocalledit“arealadvance”.Differentfrompreviousworklookingatthisgeneinlab-grownmini-brains,doingthisinmiceallowedscientiststowatchhowitaffectedbehavior,butBoeckxcautionsthatstudiesinmicehavelimitations.“Themouseisnotyourtypicalvocallearner,”saysBoeckx.“Itproducesvocalizationbuttheyaremostlynaturallyrestricted.Soit’snotlikeus.”Still,hethinksitwillmakescientistsevenmoreinterestedinexploringtheeffectsofthisuniquely-humangeneticvariantaswellashowitmightinteractwithothergenesknowntobeinvolvedinlanguage.Afterall,hesays,humansarespecialinhowwecommunicate,andknowingthelistofgenesinvolvedinlanguage“couldtellussomethingabouthowwecametobewhoweare.”28.Whatdidthenewresearchdiscover?A.Anewgenevariantinmice.B.Anewwayofvocalizinginmice.C.Anewrolehumangenesplayinspeechandlanguage.D.Ahumangenevariantinvolvedinspeechandlanguage.29.WhatdoweknowaboutNOVA1fromthetext?A.Itisageneuniquetohumans.B.Itcontributestotheevolutionofspeech.C.Itdirectlycontrolslanguageabilitiesinbothmiceandhumans.D.Itwasthefirstgenelinkedtolanguagediscoveredbyscientists.30.Howdidtheresearchersgettheirfinding?A.Bystudyingrecordedvocalizationsinmice.B.Bycomparingbrainsofmiceandhumansduringvocallearning.C.Bytrainingmicetoimitatehumanspeechusinggeneticengineering.D.Byobservinginteractionsbetweengeneticallyalteredmiceandothers.31.WhatisBoeckx’sattitudetowardtheexperiment’sconclusions?A.Negative. B.Favorable. C.Doubtful. D.Reserved.【答案】28.D29.B30.A31.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了發(fā)表在《自然通訊》（NatureCommunications）雜志上的一項(xiàng)新研究表明，將一種獨(dú)特的人類基因植入老鼠體內(nèi)，會(huì)改變這些動(dòng)物相互交流的方式，這表明這種基因可能在語(yǔ)音和語(yǔ)言中發(fā)揮作用?！?8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Puttingtheuniquelyhumanversionofacertaingeneintomicechangedthewaythatthoseanimalsvocalizedtoeachother,suggestingthatthisgenemayplayaroleinspeechandlanguage,accordingtoanewstudyinthejournalNatureCommunications.(發(fā)表在《自然通訊》（NatureCommunications）雜志上的一項(xiàng)新研究表明，將一種獨(dú)特的人類基因植入老鼠體內(nèi)，會(huì)改變這些動(dòng)物相互交流的方式，這表明這種基因可能在語(yǔ)音和語(yǔ)言中發(fā)揮作用。)”可知，把人類特有的某種基因變體放入老鼠體內(nèi)，改變了老鼠之間的發(fā)聲方式，這表明該基因變體可能在言語(yǔ)和語(yǔ)言中起作用，所以新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)與言語(yǔ)和語(yǔ)言有關(guān)的人類基因變體。故選D項(xiàng)。【29題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Foryears,scientistshavebeentryingtofindthedifferentgenesthatmayhavebeeninvolvedintheevolutionofspeech,aslanguageisoneofthekeyfeaturesthatsetshumansapartfromtherestoftheanimalkingdom.“Therearegenesconcernedwithlanguagethathavenotbeenhuman-specific,”saysRobertDarnell,aphysicianatRockefellerUniversity,notinganewlydiscoveredgenecalledNOVA1,whichisactiveinthebrain,whereitproducesaproteinthatcanaffecttheactivityofothergenes.(多年來(lái)，科學(xué)家們一直在努力尋找可能與語(yǔ)言進(jìn)化有關(guān)的不同基因，因?yàn)檎Z(yǔ)言是人類區(qū)別于其他動(dòng)物王國(guó)的關(guān)鍵特征之一。洛克菲勒大學(xué)（RockefellerUniversity）的醫(yī)生羅伯特·達(dá)內(nèi)爾（RobertDarnell）指出，“有一些與語(yǔ)言有關(guān)的基因并不是人類所特有的?！彼岬搅艘环N新發(fā)現(xiàn)的名為NOVA1的基因，這種基因在大腦中很活躍，它在大腦中產(chǎn)生一種可以影響其他基因活動(dòng)的蛋白質(zhì)。)”以及第一段提到的基因與言語(yǔ)和語(yǔ)言的關(guān)系可推斷，NOVA1基因在大腦中活躍，能產(chǎn)生影響其他基因活動(dòng)的蛋白質(zhì)，且可能參與了言語(yǔ)的進(jìn)化。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Onepartofthestudyinvolvedrecordingthemicemakingchirps(叫聲).Thesecriestypicallyoccurwhenpupsareseparatedfromtheirmothers,andlaterinlifemalesstringsimilarsoundstogetherintosongstocourtfemalemice.Itturnsoutthatgeneticallytransformedmousebabiesborninthesamelitterasnormalmicechirpeddifferentlytogettheirmother’sattention.Andgeneticallychangedadultmalessangnotablydifferentromanticsongs.(研究的一部分包括記錄老鼠發(fā)出的啁啾聲。這些叫聲通常發(fā)生在幼鼠與母鼠分離的時(shí)候，在以后的生活中，雄性會(huì)把類似的聲音串在一起，形成歌曲來(lái)追求雌性老鼠。事實(shí)證明，與正常小鼠出生在同一窩的轉(zhuǎn)基因小鼠嬰兒發(fā)出不同的啁啾以引起母親的注意?；蚋淖兊某赡晷坌猿睦寺枨黠@不同。)”可知，研究的一部分是記錄老鼠的叫聲，通過(guò)對(duì)比基因改造的老鼠和正常老鼠的叫聲，得出了研究結(jié)果，所以研究人員是通過(guò)研究記錄的老鼠的發(fā)聲來(lái)得到他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Still,hethinksitwillmakescientistsevenmoreinterestedinexploringtheeffectsofthisuniquely-humangeneticvariantaswellashowitmightinteractwithothergenesknowntobeinvolvedinlanguage.Afterall,hesays,humansarespecialinhowwecommunicate,andknowingthelistofgenesinvolvedinlanguage“couldtellussomethingabouthowwecametobewhoweare.”(盡管如此，他認(rèn)為這將使科學(xué)家們更有興趣探索這種獨(dú)特的人類基因變異的影響，以及它如何與其他已知的與語(yǔ)言有關(guān)的基因相互作用。畢竟，他說(shuō)，人類在交流方式上是特別的，了解與語(yǔ)言有關(guān)的基因列表“可以告訴我們一些關(guān)于我們是如何成為現(xiàn)在這樣的人的事情?！?”可推知，Boeckx對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)論的態(tài)度是贊許的。故選B項(xiàng)。DParentsallovertheworldknowthatgettingkidstoeathealthyfoodsisanuphillbattle.Gettingthemtoavoidjunkfoodwhenthey'vegotsomespendingmoneyiseventougher.However,newresearchbySzu-chiHuang,anassociateprofessorofmarketingatStanfordGraduateSchoolofBusiness,showsthatchildrentendtochoosehealthierfoodifyouofferthemadeal.Intheirstudy,morethan2,400kidsages6to11wereofferedthree-daydiscounttheycoulduseatschooltobuyhealthybeverages(飲料)suchasacerealshakeoranaturalfruitbeverage.Thechildrendidreacttothepricepromotions,buyingmoreofthehealthyproducts.Huangbelievesthatthediscountsworkedpartlybecauseoftheirnovelty.“Ifwecanmakeitfun,likeapuzzleoragame,wedrawchildren’sattentiontopriceandvalue,”shesays,“whichmaynothavebeenimportanttothembefore.”Anotherkeyfindingiswhathappenedaftertheexperimentwasoverandthediscountsended.Atoneschoolchildrencontinuedtochoosehealthyoptionsmorefrequentlythanbeforethestudy.Thissurprisedtheresearcherssinceitrefutedwhatthey'dseenintheliterature.Thereasonfortheeffect,Huangbelieves,isthatthisstudypromotedahealthyoptionthatwasnotveryexpensivetobeginwith.Theexperimentencouragedchildrentopayattentiontoprice,sothisrelativelyinexpensivehealthyproductkeptitsappealevenafterthediscountremoved.However,thisalsosuggeststhatshort-termdiscountsonhealthyfoodcouldhavetheunintendedlonger-termeffectofdrawingcost-consciouskidstowardcheaper,lesshealthyproducts.Incontrast,long-termincentives(激勵(lì))couldsteer(引導(dǎo))kidstowardhealthyproductsthatareseenasrelativelyaffordable,bridgingthe“pricegap”betweeninexpensive,unhealthyfoodandmoreexpensivehealthyfoods.What’sessential,Huangsays,istohelpdevelophealthyconsumptionhabitsandpreferencesinchildrenthatlastbeyondthelengthofthepromotion.Huangsaysthisresearchhaslessonsformarketers,whooftenstruggletomakehealthyproductsattractivetokids.Italsocouldhelpschoolsprovidehealthieroptionssincetheyactas“gatekeepers”forwhatstudentseatduringtheschooldayandhowproductsarepromotedoncampus.32.WhatmaybeHuang'sexplanationofkids’positivereactiontothepricepromotions?A.Thediscountwasnewandfun.B.Theoptionwashealthierandcheaper.C.Kidscouldplaygameswithclassmates.D.Kidsrealizedthemeaningofpriceandvalue.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“refuted”inthethirdparagraphmean?A.Refused. B.Contradicted. C.Supported. D.Compared.34.Whatpotentialdisadvantagemightshort-termdiscountshave?A.Theypromoteahabitofhealthyeating.B.Theymayboostunhealthyconsumption.C.Theyaffectkids'understandingonvalue.D.Theymakeunhealthyfoodmoreexpensive.35.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Food:aBalancedDietNeededforSchoolKids.B.Insights:LessonsforMarketerstoAttractKids.C.Discounts:TricksSteeringKidstoHealthyFood.D.Games:AShort-TermsAppealtoUnhealthyFood.【答案】32.A33.B34.B35.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講述了斯坦福大學(xué)商學(xué)院副教授Szu-chiHuang的一項(xiàng)新研究，該研究表明給孩子提供健康食品的折扣可以促使他們選擇更健康的食物，還探討了短期和長(zhǎng)期折扣對(duì)孩子選擇健康食品的不同影響，以及這項(xiàng)研究對(duì)營(yíng)銷人員和學(xué)校的啟示?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Huangbelievesthatthediscountsworkedpartlybecauseoftheirnovelty.“Ifwecanmakeitfun,likeapuzzleoragame,wedrawchildren’sattentiontopriceandvalue,”shesays,“whichmaynothavebeenimportanttothembefore.(黃認(rèn)為，這些折扣起作用的部分原因是它們的新穎性?！叭绻覀兡茏屗兊糜腥?，比如一個(gè)謎題或一個(gè)游戲，我們就能吸引孩子們對(duì)價(jià)格和價(jià)值的關(guān)注，”她說(shuō)，“這在以前對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)可能并不重要)”可知，黃對(duì)孩子們對(duì)價(jià)格促銷的積極反應(yīng)的解釋是折扣新穎且有趣。故選A。【33題詳析】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段“Atoneschoolchildrencontinuedtochoosehealthyoptionsmorefrequentlythanbeforethestudy.Thissurprisedtheresearcherssinceitrefutedwhatthey'dseenintheliterature.(在一所學(xué)校，孩子們繼續(xù)比研究前更頻繁地選擇健康的食品。這讓研究人員感到驚訝，因?yàn)檫@與他們?cè)谖墨I(xiàn)中看到的情況refuted)可知，前面提到孩子們?cè)谡劭劢Y(jié)束后還繼續(xù)選擇健康食品，這與研究人員在文獻(xiàn)中看到的情況不一樣，所以“refuted”意思應(yīng)該是“與……矛盾，反駁”。故選B?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“However,thisalsosuggeststhatshort-termdiscountsonhealthyfoodcouldhavetheunintendedlonger-termeffectofdrawingcost-consciouskidstowardcheaper,lesshealthyproducts.(然而，這也表明，對(duì)健康食品的短期折扣可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生意想不到的長(zhǎng)期影響，會(huì)吸引有成本意識(shí)的孩子購(gòu)買更便宜、不太健康的產(chǎn)品)”可知，短期折扣的潛在缺點(diǎn)是它們可能會(huì)促進(jìn)不健康的消費(fèi)。故選B。【35題詳析】主旨大意題。文主要講述了斯坦福大學(xué)商學(xué)院副教授Szu-chiHuang的一項(xiàng)新研究，該研究表明給孩子提供健康食品的折扣可以促使他們選擇更健康的食物，還探討了短期和長(zhǎng)期折扣對(duì)孩子選擇健康食品的不同影響，以及這項(xiàng)研究對(duì)營(yíng)銷人員和學(xué)校的啟示。選項(xiàng)C“折扣：引導(dǎo)孩子選擇健康食品的訣竅”為最佳標(biāo)題。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面