四川省綿陽(yáng)南山名校2022-2023學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期英語(yǔ)期末熱身考試（含答案）

第第頁(yè)四川省綿陽(yáng)南山名校2022-2023學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期英語(yǔ)期末熱身考試一、閱讀理解，閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。(共15小題；每小題2分，共30分)閱讀理解Family-FriendlyEventsinJanuaryZooLights:GlowWildJan.1-19ThePhoenixZoo'syearlyholidaylightshowisonuntilJan.19,allowingfamiliesoneormoreopportunitiestoenjoythecity'szoo,withmillionsoflightsgivinganaddeddimensiontothefestivities.GlowWild,455N.GalvinPkwy.,Phoenix,phoenixzoo.org,$11.95members,$13.95generaladmission.DowntownMesaFestivaloftheArtsJan.4-18TheDowntownMesaFestivaloftheArtsfeaturestheworkofestablishedandemergingartists,includingthosewhocreatewoodwork,metalcrafts,fooditems,art,photographyandgifts.OnMacdonald,offofMainStreetinDowntownMesa,dtmesafest.com,freeadmission.FamilyFunWinterfestJan.4OdySeaAquariumintheDesertishostingthethirdannualFamilyFunWinterfestinitsDesertCourtyard,featuringrealsnowforthekidstoplayin.Thisfreeeventfeatureseverythingfrombouncehousestorides,games,snowflakecraftsandfacepaintingtogowithvariousstandssetupbylocalsellers,withfoodandotherofferingsforsaleattheevent.9500E.ViadeVentura,Scottsdale,odyseainthedesert.com,free.YouthFineArtsCourseJan.18-Mar.7MesaArtsCenterishostinganeight-weekyouthartscourseonSaturdaystoteachartisticskillsandknowledgethroughfunandchallengingartclassesinawidevarietyofartmaterials,includingpainting,drawing,mixedmediaandsculpture,ensuringmentallystimulatingsessionsforall.MesaArtCenter,1E.MainSt,Mesa,mesaartscenter.com,$93.1．HowcanyougetadiscountedtickettotheZooLightsshow?A．Bringafriend. B．Joinatourgroup.C．Getamembership. D．Bookaticketonline.2．WhatcanyoudoatFamilyFunWinterfest?A．Havefreefood. B．Takeartclasses.C．Meetlocalartists. D．Enjoyrealsnow.3．Whicheventlaststhelongest?A．ZooLights:GlowWild.B．YouthFineArtsCourses.C．DowntownMesaFestivaloftheArts.D．FamilyFunWinterfest.閱讀理解AsayounggirlgrowingupinFrance,SarahToumidreamedofbecomingaleaderwhocouldmaketheworldabetterplace.Herpassiontohelpotherswasawakenedwhen,fromtheageofnine,sheaccompaniedherTunisianfathertohisbirthplaceintheeastofthecountryduringholidays.Theresheorganizedhomeworkclubsandactivitiesforchildren.Toumiwitnessedfirst-handthedestructiveeffectofdesertification(沙漠化)."Within10yearsrichfarmersbecameworseoff,andin10yearsfromnowtheywillbepoor.IwantedtostoptheSaharaDesertinitstracks."Adecreaseinaveragerainfallandanincreaseintheseverityofdroughtshaveledtoanestimated75percentofTunisia'sagriculturallandsbeingthreatenedbydesertification.Toumirecognizedthatfarmingpracticesneededtochange.Sheisconfidentthatsmalllandareascanbringlargereturnsiffarmersareabletoadaptbyplantingsustainablecrops,usingnewtechnologiesforwatertreatmentandfocusingonnaturalproductsandfertilizersratherthanchemicals.In2012,Toumiconsolidated(鞏固)herdreamoffightingthedesert.ShemovedtoTunisia,andsetupaprogrammenamedAcaciasforAlltoputhersustainablefarmingphilosophy(理念)intoaction."Iwanttoshowyoungpeopleinruralareasthattheycancreateopportunitieswheretheyare.Nobodyisbetterabletounderstandtheimpactofdesertificationandclimatechangethansomebodywhoislivingwithnoaccesstowater."BySeptember2016,morethan130,000acaciatreeshadbeenplantedon20pilotfarms,withfarmersrecordinga60percentsurvivalrate.Toumiestimatesthatsome3millionacaciatreesareneededtoprotectTunisia'sfarmland.Sheexpectstoplant1milliontreesby2018.Inthenextcoupleofyears,ToumihopestoextendtheprogrammetoAlgeriaandMorocco.4．HowdidToumi'sholidaytripstoTunisiainfluenceher?A．Theymadeherdecidetoleavethecountry.B．Theyhelpedherbetterunderstandherfather.C．Theydestroyedherdreamofbeingateacher.D．Theyarousedherenthusiasmforhelpingothers.5．WhatisthemaincauseofthedesertificationofTunisia'sfarmland?A．Coldweather. B．Soilpollution.C．Lowrainfall. D．Forestdamage.6．WhydidToumisetupAcaciasforAllinTunisia?A．Topromotetheprotectionoftheirfarmland.B．Tohelpthechildrenobtainabasiceducation.C．Topersuadethefarmersnottousefertilizers.D．Tocreatejobopportunitiesforyoungpeople.7．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．SavingWaterinTunisiaB．PlantingTreesofNativeSpeciesC．FightingPovertyinNorthAfricaD．HoldingbacktheSahara閱讀理解In1879,an8-year-oldgirlmadeadiscoverythatwouldrockourunderstandingofhumanhistory.OnthewallsofAltamiracaveinnorthernSpain,shespottedamazingdrawingsofwildcows,paintedinvividredandblack.Morestrikingeventhantheimageswastheirage:theyweremadethousandsofyearsagobymodernhumans'supposedlyprimitiveancestors.Today,nearly400cavesacrossEuropehavebeenfounddecoratedwithhandstencils(模板),strangesymbolsandbeautifulimagesofanimalscreatedbytheseskillfulartists.Thediscoveriesledtotheviewthatartistictalentaroseaftermodernhumansarrivedintheregionsome40,000yearsago,aspartofa"culturalexplosion"reflectingafloweringofthehumanmind.Butmorerecentevidencehasblownthisideaoutofthewater.Forastart,modernhumansmightnothavebeenthefirstartistsinEurope.What'smore,acollectionofcavepaintingsemerginginIndonesiahasdismissedtheideathatEuropewasthecentreofcreativity.LocalpeoplehavelongknownthatthecavesoftheislandofSulawesi,Indonesia,containmanypaintedimages.Modernhumansarethoughttohavereachedtheregionsome65,000yearsago,butnobodyimaginedtheartcouldbeveryoldbecauseancientpaintingsseemunlikelytosurviveintheenvironmentofhightemperatures.AteamofresearchersledbyMaximeAubert,nowatGriffithUniversityinAustralia,upendedthisideausingatechniquethatisshiftingourunderstandingofcaveart.Usingthistechniqueinsevencaves,theyfoundahandstencilwasatleast39,900yearsold,makingittheoldestknownhandstencilatthattime.ThisopenedafloodgatetonewdiscoveriesinIndonesia.Theseincludedahuntingscenecreatedatleast43,900yearsago,andbyfartheoldestdescriptiveartwork."Whenwefoundthatimage,wewereabsolutelydelighted,butwhenitturnedouttobethatold,wewerealmostjumpingwithjoy,"saysAdamBrumm,alsoatGriffithUniversity.8．Whatdidthegirlfindinthecave?A．Wildanimals. B．Paintingtechniques.C．Ancientimages. D．Recordingartists.9．Whatwasamisunderstandingremovedbyrecentevidenceaboutthecaveart?A．ModernhumansledtoitsriseinIndonesia.B．ItcanbetracedbacktoEurope.C．Itreflectedthefloweringofhumanminds.D．Modernhumansmightnothavebeenrealartists.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"upended"meaninparagraph3?A．Proved. B．Strengthened.C．Overemphasized. D．Overturned.11．Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A．Theresearchers'expectations.B．Theamazingdiscoveries.C．Thebenefitsofthetechnique.D．Thedescriptionofthecaveart.閱讀理解Humanbeingsarenotaloneinhavinginventedvaccination(疫苗),whilebeeshavedonethatearlierandtheycanexperiencewhatlooklikehumanbeings'vaccinationprograms,whichhasbeenconfirmedbyGyanHarwoodoftheUniversityofIllinois,Urbana-Champaign.Queenbeesvaccinatetheireggsbeforetheyarelaid.Butthequestionishowthequeenbeereceivesherantigen(抗原)supply,forshelivespurelyonroyaljelly,asubstanceproducedbynursebeeswhentheyarefeedingtheyoung.Dr.Harwoodwonderedifthenursebeescombinedtheroyaljellytheyproducedwithpiecesfrompathogens(病原體)theyhadconsumedwhileeatingsomethingbroughtinfromoutside.Totestthisidea,theycollectedabout150nursebeesanddividedthemintosixqueenlessminihivesequippedwiththeyoungtolookafter.Theyfedthenursebeesonsugarwater,andforthreeofthehivestheyaddedPaenibacilluslarvae(類芽孢桿菌幼體),abacteriumcausingadisease,tosugarwater.Dr.HarwoodandDr.Salmelalabeledthebacteriawithacertaindyetomakethemeasytotrack.And,sureenough,themicroscopeconfirmedthatPaenibacilluslarvaeweregettingintoroyaljellyproducedbythosebeeswhichhadbeenfedwiththesugarwater.Moreover,theexaminationofthisroyaljellyrevealedhigherlevelsofdefensivesubstance,comparedwithroyaljellyfrombeesthathadnotbeenmixedwithPaenibacilluslarvae.Thissubstanceisthoughttohelpbees'immunesystemsfightagainstbacterialinfections.Thesefindingssuggestthatnursebeesareindeed,viatheirroyaljelly,passingantigensontothequeen,thenintoeggs.Theyalsomean,becausetheyoungreceiveroyaljellyforthefirstfewdaysaftertheyhatch,thenursebeesaregivingtheyoungthesecondantigens.Eachyoungbeeisthereforebeingvaccinatedtwice.12．WhatpuzzledDr.Harwoodaccordingtoparagraph2?A．Thetimewhenhoneybeesrunvaccination.B．Themattersthattheroyaljellyconsistsof.C．Thewaytheantigenscomeintothequeenbees'bodies.D．Theplacewherenursebeesreceivepathogens.13．HowdidDr.Harwoodconducthisexperiment?A．Byobservingnursebees'behavior.B．Bydividingbeesintodifferentroles.C．Bychangingthecomponentsofroyaljelly.D．Bykeepingtrackofthespecialbacterium.14．Whatcanweinferaccordingtotheresultsoftheexperiment?A．Nursebeesarethekeytovaccinationforthebeegroup.B．Nursebeesonlypasstheantigenontothequeen.C．Bacteria-usedroyaljellyhasfewerdefensesubstances.D．Twovaccinationsaregiventoyoungbeesbycaregiversdirectly.15．Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A．Ascientificjournal. B．Asocialwebsite.C．Anofficialdocument. D．Apetguide.二、七選五(共5小題；每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Throwingapartyisagreatwaytogetallyourfavoritepeopleinoneplaceformusic,conversation,ofcourse,food.16．,whenyouaretheoneplanningtheparty.Nottoworry;yourplanningwillbeabreezeifyouplanaheadoftimeandtaketheprocesscoursebycourse,fromappetizers(開胃菜)todesserts.Askyourguestsaboutfoodrestrictionsbeforeyoustartpreparingfood.Forguestswithfoodallergiesorondiets,askthemtomaketheirownrestrictionsclear.Andaskifanyguestsarevegetariansandprovidedishesaccordingly.17．.Chooseanappetizer-onlymealforarelaxinginexpensiveparty.You'llsavemoneyandpreparationtime,andbeabletosocializemorewithyourguests.18．,soguestsaren'tthrownoffwhennomaincourseisserved.You'llwanttoofferyourguestssomevarietyoftasteinyourappetizersforamoresatisfyingmeal.19．.Ifyourappetizersarejustthestartofamoreformalmealwithamaincourse,youkeepitabitsimpler.Planjustafewhandfulofchipsandacoupleofcookiesforyoureachguest,ifyou'reservingamaincourseafterwards.Preparefruitsandvegetables.Manyguestswillwantafresh,healthyoptiontostartoffameal.Afruittrayorveggieplatterwithcarrots,cucumbers,andbroccoliisaneasyandcolorfuladditiontoyourappetizer.20．.Besides,you'dbetterofferquicksnackslikenuts,orchips.A.Servelight,simplesnacksbeforeamaincourseB.ServeasubstantialmaincourseifnecessaryC.It'sagoodideatohaveafewvegetarianoptionsavailableregardlessD.SoyoushouldmakethoughtfulpreparationsforeachofyourguestsE.ButitcanbestressfultopreparefoodforguestswithalldifferentpreferencesF.LookforripefruitsandfreshvegetablesthatareinseasonforthebesttastingingredientsG.Youshoulddetailitontheinvitationthatonlyappetizerswillbeserved三、完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。WhenIwasfifteen,IannouncedtomyEnglishclassthatIwasgoingtowriteandpublishmyownbooks.Halfthestudentssneered,andthey21．felloutoftheirchairs22．."Don'tbe23．!Onlygeniusescanbecome24．,"evenoneofthemsaidrudely."AndyougotaDlastsemester."IwassobadlyhurtthatI25．intotears.ThatnightIwroteashortsadpoemaboutbrokendreamsand26．ittoTheCapris'Weeklynewspaper.Tomyastonishment,theypublisheditandsentmetwo27．.Iwasapublishedandpaidwriter!Ishowedmyfellowstudentsmywork."Justplaindumbluck,"theysaid.However,Itasted28．.I'dsoldthefirstthingI'deverwritten.Thatwas29．thananyofthemhaddoneandifitwasjustdumbluck,thatwasfinewithme.DuringthenexttwoyearsIsolddozensof30．,letters,jokesandrecipes.BythetimeIgraduatedfromhighschool,withaCminusaverage,Ihadseveralscrapbooks(剪貼簿)31．withmypublishedworks.Aftergraduation,Inever32．mywritingtomyclassmatesagain.Ihadfourchildrenlater.Whilethechildren33．,Itypedonmyancienttypewriter.IwrotewhatI34．.Ittookmeninemonthstofinishmyfirstbook.I35．a(chǎn)publisheratrandom(隨意地)andmaileditwithoutmakingacopyofthemanuscript.AmonthlaterIreceivedacontract,an36．onroyalties(版稅),andarequesttostart37．a(chǎn)notherbook.CryingWind,thetitleofmybook,becamea38．a(chǎn)ndwastranslatedintofifteenlanguagesandBrailleandwassoldworldwide.Writingis39．a(chǎn)ndanyonecandoit.Ofcourse,alittledumbluckdoesn't40．.21．A．nearly B．suddenly C．surely D．silently22．A．convincing B．laughing C．begging D．fighting23．A．discouraged B．proud C．humble D．silly24．A．writers B．musicians C．politicians D．a(chǎn)rtists25．A．fell B．ran C．burst D．turned26．A．showed B．lent C．passed D．mailed27．A．journals B．certificates C．dollars D．a(chǎn)lbums28．A．depression B．praise C．rejection D．success29．A．earlier B．better C．longer D．worse30．A．poems B．newspapers C．books D．houses31．A．full B．a(chǎn)ttached C．filled D．locked32．A．informed B．contributed C．donated D．mentioned33．A．interrupted B．gathered C．slept D．a(chǎn)rgued34．A．a(chǎn)chieved B．felt C．forgot D．ignored35．A．contacted B．visited C．a(chǎn)ssigned D．invited36．A．onour B．a(chǎn)dventureC．a(chǎn)dvertisement D．a(chǎn)dvance37．A．workingon B．showingoffC．gettingover D．takingin38．A．soupopera B．bestsellerC．tourguidance D．referencebook39．A．challenging B．easy C．upset D．painful40．A．mind B．kid C．hurt D．occur四、語(yǔ)法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheGrandCanal,avastinlandwaterwaysystem,isthelongestandoldestcanalintheworld.41．(construct)insectionsfromthe5thcenturyBCandcompletedandmaintainedbyseveral42．(dynasty),itformedthebackboneofChina'sinlandcommunicationssystem,enablingthesupplyofrice43．(feed)thepopulation.TheGrandCanalreachedanewpeakinthe13thcentury,providinganinland44．(ship)networkconsistingofmorethan2,000kmofartificialwaterways,45．linkedfiveofthemostimportantriverbasinsinChina.Still46．majormeansofinternalcommunicationtoday,it47．(play)animportantroleinensuringtheprosperityandstabilityofChinaovertheages.TheGrandCanalbearswitnesstoa48．(remark)andearlydevelopmentofhydraulicengineering(水利工程).Itisaperfectexampleofdealing49．difficultnaturalconditions,asisreflectedinthemanyconstructionsthatare50．(full)adaptedtothediversityandcomplexityofcircumstances.五、短文改錯(cuò)(共10小題；每題1分，滿分10分)51．假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處錯(cuò)誤，每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。只允許修改10處，從第11處起不計(jì)分。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，并在該詞下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。Toenrichstudents'schoollife,anexcitedcompetitionwasheldonlastSaturdayontheschoolplayground.Tenboysandtengirlsselectedbyeachclasslinedbesidetheropeandgraspedit,eagerwaitingforthestart.Withthewhistleblowing,theparticipantstriedtheirbesttopulltherope,whilethosestandingbycheereddesperatelyforhim.Eventually,everystudentsoftheclasswonthecompetitionwasawardedadelicatenotebook.Thecompetitionwashighlythoughtbystudents.Notonlydiditbuilduptheirbodies,butitalsostrengthentheirteamwork.Plus,thecompetitionreceivedpositiveresponsefromparentsandteachers,whatmadeahitinthecircleofWeChat.六、書面表達(dá)(滿分25分)52．某英文報(bào)正在開展主題為"AmazingAncientChinesePaintings"的征文活動(dòng)，請(qǐng)寫一篇短文投稿，推薦一幅你最喜歡的繪畫作品。內(nèi)容包括：1.作品介紹；2.推薦理由。注意：

1.題目已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)，寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為100左右；

2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。AnAmazingAncientPainting

答案解析部分【答案】1．C2．D3．B【解析】【分析】這是一篇宣傳廣告。介紹了一月的家庭友好活動(dòng)項(xiàng)目。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。解答細(xì)節(jié)理解題要完全符合原文，不能主觀臆斷。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)$11.95members,$13.95generaladmission.會(huì)員11.95美元，普通門票13.95美元?？芍蔀闀?huì)員就可以享受打折票；選項(xiàng)Getamembership.符合題意；故答案為C。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題；根據(jù)OdySeaAquariumintheDesertishostingthethirdannualFamilyFunWinterfestinitsDesertCourtyard,featuringrealsnowforthekidstoplayin.沙漠中的奧德海水族館正在其沙漠庭院舉辦第三屆年度家庭樂(lè)趣冬季嘉年華，為孩子們提供真正的雪?？芍x項(xiàng)Enjoyrealsnow.符合題意；故答案為D。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ZooLights:GlowWildJan.1-19zoollights:輝光狂野1月1日至19；DowntownMesaFestivaloftheArtsJan.4-18市中心梅薩藝術(shù)節(jié)1月4日至18日；FamilyFunWinterfestJan.4家庭歡樂(lè)冬季嘉年華1月4日；YouthFineArtsCourseJan.18-Mar.7青年美術(shù)課程1月18日至3月7日；可知選項(xiàng)YouthFineArtsCourses.符合題意；故答案為B?！敬鸢浮?．D5．C6．A7．D【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。講述了在法國(guó)長(zhǎng)大的小女孩，薩拉·圖米(SarahToumi)努力實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的夢(mèng)想：成為一名能夠讓世界變得更美好。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。涉及推理判斷題，細(xì)節(jié)理解題和主旨大意題。解答推理判斷題要根據(jù)原文中的信息與選項(xiàng)信息結(jié)合起來(lái)進(jìn)行正確推斷，得出答案；解答細(xì)節(jié)理解題要完全符合原文，不能主觀臆斷；解答主旨大意題時(shí)需要根據(jù)文章的結(jié)構(gòu)和選項(xiàng)來(lái)判斷出正確答案。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)Herpassiontohelpotherswasawakenedwhen,fromtheageofnine,sheaccompaniedherTunisianfathertohisbirthplaceintheeastofthecountryduringholidays.從9歲起，她就開始在假期陪伴她的突尼斯父親去突尼斯東部的出生地，這激發(fā)了她幫助他人的熱情?？芍x項(xiàng)Theyarousedherenthusiasmforhelpingothers.符合題意；故答案為D。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Adecreaseinaveragerainfallandanincreaseintheseverityofdroughtshaveledtoanestimated75percentofTunisia'sagriculturallandsbeingthreatenedbydesertification.平均降雨量的減少和干旱嚴(yán)重程度的增加導(dǎo)致突尼斯大約75%的農(nóng)業(yè)用地受到荒漠化的威脅?？芍x項(xiàng)Lowrainfall.符合題意；故答案為C。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)Toumirecognizedthatfarmingpracticesneededtochange.Sheisconfidentthatsmalllandareascanbringlargereturnsiffarmersareabletoadaptbyplantingsustainablecrops,usingnewtechnologiesforwatertreatmentandfocusingonnaturalproductsandfertilizersratherthanchemicals.圖米認(rèn)識(shí)到農(nóng)業(yè)實(shí)踐需要改變。她相信，如果農(nóng)民能夠通過(guò)種植可持續(xù)作物、使用新的水處理技術(shù)以及專注于天然產(chǎn)品和肥料而不是化學(xué)品來(lái)適應(yīng)這種變化，那么小塊土地就能帶來(lái)巨大的回報(bào)。再根據(jù)In2012,Toumiconsolidated(鞏固)herdreamoffightingthedesert.ShemovedtoTunisia,andsetupaprogrammenamedAcaciasforAlltoputhersustainablefarmingphilosophy(理念)intoaction.2012年，圖米鞏固了她的沙漠之夢(mèng)。她搬到了突尼斯，建立了一個(gè)名為"AcaciasforAll"的項(xiàng)目，將她的可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)理念付諸實(shí)踐?？芍xTopromotetheprotectionoftheirfarmland.符合題意；故答案為A。7．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)：總分總，可知.第一段AsayounggirlgrowingupinFrance,SarahToumidreamedofbecomingaleaderwhocouldmaketheworldabetterplace。作為一個(gè)在法國(guó)長(zhǎng)大的小女孩，薩拉·圖米(SarahToumi)夢(mèng)想成為一名能夠讓世界變得更美好的領(lǐng)袖。以及最后一段BySeptember2016,morethan130,000acaciatreeshadbeenplantedon20pilotfarms,withfarmersrecordinga60percentsurvivalrate.Toumiestimatesthatsome3millionacaciatreesareneededtoprotectTunisia'sfarmland.Sheexpectstoplant1milliontreesby2018.Inthenextcoupleofyears,ToumihopestoextendtheprogrammetoAlgeriaandMorocco.截至2016年9月，在20個(gè)試點(diǎn)農(nóng)場(chǎng)種植了13萬(wàn)多棵金合歡樹，農(nóng)民的成活率達(dá)到60%。Toumi估計(jì)需要大約300萬(wàn)棵金合歡樹來(lái)保護(hù)突尼斯的農(nóng)田。她希望到2018年種植100萬(wàn)棵樹。在接下來(lái)的幾年里，Toumi希望將該項(xiàng)目擴(kuò)展到阿爾及利亞和摩洛哥。選項(xiàng)HoldingbacktheSahara符合題意；故答案為D?！敬鸢浮?．C9．B10．D11．C【解析】【分析】這是一篇科學(xué)報(bào)道。講述了由馬克西姆·奧伯特領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一個(gè)研究小組（現(xiàn)在在澳大利亞格里菲斯大學(xué)工作），他們用一種技術(shù)顛覆了：古代繪畫似乎不太可能在高溫環(huán)境中存活下來(lái)的這個(gè)想法，這種技術(shù)正在改變我們對(duì)洞穴藝術(shù)的理解。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。涉及推理判斷題，細(xì)節(jié)理解題，詞義猜測(cè)題和主旨大意題。解答推理判斷題要根據(jù)原文中的信息與選項(xiàng)信息結(jié)合起來(lái)進(jìn)行正確推斷，得出答案；解答細(xì)節(jié)理解題要完全符合原文，不能主觀臆斷；解答詞義猜測(cè)題和主旨大意題時(shí)需要根據(jù)文章的結(jié)構(gòu)和選項(xiàng)來(lái)判斷出正確答案。8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)OnthewallsofAltamiracaveinnorthernSpain,shespottedamazingdrawingsofwildcows,paintedinvividredandblack.Morestrikingeventhantheimageswastheirage:theyweremadethousandsofyearsagobymodernhumans'supposedlyprimitiveancestors.在西班牙北部阿爾塔米拉洞穴的墻壁上，她發(fā)現(xiàn)了用鮮艷的紅色和黑色繪制的野生奶牛的驚人畫作。比這些圖像更引人注目的是它們的年代:它們是由現(xiàn)代人的原始祖先在幾千年前制作的?？芍x項(xiàng)Ancientimages.符合題意；故答案為C。9．推理判斷題。根據(jù)Butmorerecentevidencehasblownthisideaoutofthewater.Forastart,modernhumansmightnothavebeenthefirstartistsinEurope.What'smore,acollectionofcavepaintingsemerginginIndonesiahasdismissedtheideathatEuropewasthecentreofcreativity.但最近的證據(jù)推翻了這一觀點(diǎn)。首先，現(xiàn)代人可能不是歐洲最早的藝術(shù)家。更重要的是，在印度尼西亞發(fā)現(xiàn)的一組洞穴壁畫駁斥了歐洲是創(chuàng)造力中心的觀點(diǎn)?？芍x項(xiàng)ItcanbetracedbacktoEurope.符合題意；故答案為B。10．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)Modernhumansarethoughttohavereachedtheregionsome65,000yearsago,butnobodyimaginedtheartcouldbeveryoldbecauseancientpaintingsseemunlikelytosurviveintheenvironmentofhightemperatures.現(xiàn)代人被認(rèn)為在大約6.5萬(wàn)年前到達(dá)了這個(gè)地區(qū)，但沒(méi)有人想到這些藝術(shù)品可能非常古老，因?yàn)楣糯L畫似乎不太可能在高溫環(huán)境中存活下來(lái)。以及下文Usingthistechniqueinsevencaves,theyfoundahandstencilwasatleast39,900yearsold,makingittheoldestknown

handstencilatthattime.在七個(gè)洞穴中使用這種技術(shù)，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)至少有39900年歷史的手模板，使其成為當(dāng)時(shí)已知最古老的手模板?？芍@個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)推翻了人們?cè)瓉?lái)的觀點(diǎn)，upended的意思為"推翻，顛覆"；選項(xiàng)Overturned.符合題意；故答案為D。11．主旨大意題。根據(jù)ThisopenedafloodgatetonewdiscoveriesinIndonesia.Theseincludedahuntingscenecreatedatleast43,900yearsago,andbyfartheoldestdescriptiveartwork."Whenwefoundthatimage,wewereabsolutelydelighted,butwhenitturnedouttobethatold,wewerealmostjumpingwithjoy,"saysAdamBrumm,alsoatGriffithUniversity.這為印尼的新發(fā)現(xiàn)打開了閘門。其中包括至少43,900年前創(chuàng)作的狩獵場(chǎng)景，這是迄今為止最古老的描述性藝術(shù)品。格里菲斯大學(xué)的亞當(dāng)·布魯姆說(shuō):"當(dāng)我們發(fā)現(xiàn)這張照片時(shí)，我們非常高興，但當(dāng)它被證明是那么古老時(shí)，我們幾乎高興得跳了起來(lái)。"可知這段主要講述了這項(xiàng)技術(shù)帶來(lái)的巨大影響；選項(xiàng)Thebenefitsofthetechnique.符合題意；故答案為C。【答案】12．C13．D14．A15．A【解析】【分析】這是一篇科普文章。介紹了伊利諾伊大學(xué)厄巴納-香檳分校的吉安·哈伍德通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)證實(shí)了：人類并不是唯一發(fā)明疫苗的人，而蜜蜂更早地做到了。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。涉及推理判斷題。解答推理判斷題要根據(jù)原文中的信息與選項(xiàng)信息結(jié)合起來(lái)進(jìn)行正確推斷，得出答案人類并不是唯一發(fā)明疫苗的人，而蜜蜂更早地做到了。12．推理判斷題。根據(jù)Dr.Harwoodwonderedifthenursebeescombinedtheroyaljellytheyproducedwithpiecesfrompathogens(病原體)theyhadconsumedwhileeatingsomethingbroughtinfromoutside.哈伍德博士想知道，這些護(hù)工蜂是否把自己生產(chǎn)的蜂王漿和它們?cè)诔詮耐饷鎺нM(jìn)來(lái)的東西時(shí)攝入的病原體碎片結(jié)合了起來(lái)?？芍x項(xiàng)Thewaytheantigenscomeintothequeenbees'bodies.符合題意；故答案為C。13．推理判斷題。根據(jù)Dr.HarwoodandDr.Salmelalabeledthebacteriawithacertaindyetomakethemeasytotrack.哈伍德博士和薩爾梅拉博士用一種特定的染料給細(xì)菌貼上標(biāo)簽，使它們易于追蹤?？芍x項(xiàng)Bykeepingtrackofthespecialbacterium.符合題意；故答案為D。14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)Thesefindingssuggestthatnursebeesareindeed,viatheirroyaljelly,passingantigensontothequeen,then

intoeggs.Theyalsomean,becausetheyoungreceiveroyaljellyforthefirstfewdaysaftertheyhatch,thenursebeesaregivingtheyoungthesecondantigens.Eachyoungbeeisthereforebeingvaccinatedtwice.這些發(fā)現(xiàn)表明，護(hù)工蜂確實(shí)通過(guò)蜂王漿將抗原傳遞給蜂王，然后進(jìn)入卵中。這也意味著，因?yàn)橛追湓诜趸蟮念^幾天會(huì)得到蜂王漿，所以護(hù)工蜂會(huì)給幼蜂第二種抗原。因此，每只小蜜蜂都要接種兩次疫苗?？芍x項(xiàng)Nursebeesarethekeytovaccinationforthebeegroup.符合題意；故答案為A。15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)：總分，第一段為這些段落Humanbeingsarenotaloneinhavinginventedvaccination(疫苗),whilebeeshavedonethatearlierandtheycanexperiencewhatlooklikehumanbeings'vaccinationprograms,whichhasbeenconfirmedbyGyanHarwoodoftheUniversityofIllinois,Urbana-Champaign.人類并不是唯一發(fā)明疫苗的人，而蜜蜂更早地做到了這一點(diǎn)，它們可以體驗(yàn)到類似于人類的疫苗接種計(jì)劃，這已經(jīng)被伊利諾伊大學(xué)厄巴納-香檳分校的吉安·哈伍德證實(shí)?？芍@是一篇科普文章；選項(xiàng)Ascientificjournal.符合題意；故答案為A?！敬鸢浮?6．E；17．D；18．G；19．A；20．F【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹如何在家成功舉辦一個(gè)就餐聚會(huì)。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查任務(wù)型閱讀，屬于七選五，解題關(guān)鍵在看懂文章，注意上下文的提示詞或重復(fù)的關(guān)鍵詞，認(rèn)真閱讀選項(xiàng)，選出恰當(dāng)?shù)拇鸢福詈笤偻ㄗx全文進(jìn)行檢查。16．根據(jù)下文Nottoworry;yourplanningwillbeabreezeifyouplanaheadoftimeandtaketheprocesscoursebycourse,fromappetizers(開胃菜)todesserts.不要擔(dān)心;如果你提前計(jì)劃，從開胃菜到甜點(diǎn)，一道菜一道菜地做，你的計(jì)劃就會(huì)變得輕而易舉。可知空白處需要"給不同口味的人準(zhǔn)備食物很難的"；選項(xiàng)E.Butitcanbestressfultopreparefoodforguestswithalldifferent

preferences但為不同喜好的客人準(zhǔn)備食物可能會(huì)很有壓力。符合題意；故答案為E。17．根據(jù)上文Andaskifanyguestsarevegetariansandprovidedishesaccordingly.詢問(wèn)是否有客人是素食主義者，并提供相應(yīng)的菜肴。可知空白處需要"你應(yīng)該考慮每個(gè)客人的情況"；選項(xiàng)D.Soyoushouldmakethoughtfulpreparationsforeachofyourguests所以你應(yīng)該為每一位客人做周到的準(zhǔn)備。符合題意；故答案為D。18．根據(jù)下文soguestsaren'tthrownoffwhennomaincourseisserved.這樣客人就不會(huì)在沒(méi)有主菜的時(shí)候感覺(jué)被冷落了?？芍瞻滋幮枰?應(yīng)該在請(qǐng)柬中說(shuō)明清楚只供應(yīng)開胃菜"選項(xiàng)G.Youshoulddetailitontheinvitationthatonlyappetizerswillbeserved你應(yīng)該在請(qǐng)柬上詳細(xì)說(shuō)明只供應(yīng)開胃菜。符合題意；故答案為G。19．根據(jù)下文Ifyourappetizersarejustthestartofamoreformalmealwithamaincourse,youkeepitabitsimpler.Planjustafewhandfulofchipsandacoupleofcookiesforyoureachguest,ifyou'reservingamaincourseafterwards.如果你的開胃菜只是一頓正式大餐的開始，那就簡(jiǎn)單一點(diǎn)。如果你之后要上主菜的話，給每位客人準(zhǔn)備幾片薯片和幾塊餅干。可知空白處需要"主菜前只提供簡(jiǎn)單小吃"；選項(xiàng)A.Servelight,simplesnacksbeforeamaincourse在上主菜前提供簡(jiǎn)單的小吃。符合題意；故答案為A。20．根據(jù)上文Preparefruitsandvegetables.Manyguestswillwantafresh,healthyoptiontostartoffameal.準(zhǔn)備水果和蔬菜。許多客人會(huì)想要一個(gè)新鮮的，健康的選擇開始用餐?？芍瞻滋幮枰?尋找購(gòu)買時(shí)令蔬菜和水果來(lái)制作客人的菜肴"；選項(xiàng)F.Lookforripefruitsandfreshvegetablesthatareinseasonforthebesttastingingredients尋找成熟的水果和新鮮的應(yīng)季蔬菜來(lái)制作最美味的食材。符合題意；故答案為F。【答案】21．A；22．B；23．A；24．A；25．C；26．D；27．C；28．D；29．B；30．A；31．C；32．D；33．C；34．B；35．A；36．C；37．A；38．B；39．B；40．A【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。作者講述了自己的寫作經(jīng)歷。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查完形填空，首先通讀一遍文章，跳過(guò)缺失的單詞，再根據(jù)上下文來(lái)判斷所缺單詞的含義，最后對(duì)選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行區(qū)別，選出正確的那一項(xiàng)。做完后再通讀一遍檢查驗(yàn)證。21．句意：一半的學(xué)生冷笑起來(lái)，他們笑得差點(diǎn)從椅子上摔下來(lái)。根據(jù)句意"一半的學(xué)生冷笑起來(lái)……從椅子上摔下來(lái)"可知空白處需要副詞"幾乎，差點(diǎn)"選項(xiàng)A：nearly幾乎，B：suddenly突然，C：surely肯定，D：silently默默地，可知選項(xiàng)nearly符合題意；故答案為A。22．句意：一半的學(xué)生冷笑起來(lái)，他們笑得差點(diǎn)從椅子上摔下來(lái)。根據(jù)句意"一半的學(xué)生冷笑起來(lái)"可知空白處需要"大笑"選項(xiàng)A：convincing說(shuō)服，B：laughing大笑，C：begging乞求，D：fighting打架，可知選項(xiàng)laughing符合題意；故答案為B。23．句意：不要?dú)怵H！只有天才才能成為作家。根據(jù)同學(xué)們的嘲笑，可知作者努力克制并鼓勵(lì)自己，空白處需要"氣餒"選項(xiàng)A：discouraged氣餒，B：proud驕傲，C：humble謙卑，D：silly愚蠢，可知選項(xiàng)discouraged符合題意；故答案為A。24．句意：不要?dú)怵H！只有天才才能成為作家。根據(jù)段首句WhenIwasfifteen,IannouncedtomyEnglishclassthatIwasgoingtowriteandpublishmyownbooks.當(dāng)我15歲的時(shí)候，我對(duì)我的英語(yǔ)班宣布我要寫并出版我自己的書?？芍髡呦Ｍ蔀樽骷遥x項(xiàng)A：writers作家，B：musicians音樂(lè)家，C：politicians政治家，D：artists藝術(shù)家，可知選項(xiàng)writers符合題意；故答案為A。25．句意：其中一個(gè)甚至粗魯?shù)卣f(shuō)。"你上學(xué)期得了D。"我傷得很重，突然哭了起來(lái)。根據(jù)同學(xué)們一個(gè)勁的諷刺作者，作者崩潰了，可知作者一下子哭起來(lái)了；選項(xiàng)A：fell摔倒，B：ran跑，C：burst爆裂，D：turned轉(zhuǎn)身，可知選項(xiàng)burst符合題意；故答案為C。26．句意：那天晚上，我寫了一首關(guān)于破碎的夢(mèng)的悲傷的短詩(shī)，并把它寄給了《卡普里周刊》。根據(jù)下文"令我驚訝的是，他們出版了這首短詩(shī)"可知作者把他鞋的詩(shī)郵寄出去了，選項(xiàng)A：showed展示，B：lent租借，C：passed傳遞，D：mailed郵寄，可知選項(xiàng)mailed符合題意；故答案為D。27．句意：令我驚訝的是，他們出版了這首短詩(shī)，還給了我兩美元。根據(jù)下文Iwasapublishedandpaidwriter!我是一個(gè)出版作品并拿薪水的作家！可知作者的到了稿酬，選項(xiàng)A：journals期刊，B：certificates憑證，C：dollars:美元，D：albums相冊(cè)，可知選項(xiàng)dollars符合題意；故答案為C。28．句意：然而，我嘗到了成功的滋味。根據(jù)下文I'dsoldthefirstthingI'deverwritten.我賣掉了我寫的第一篇文章?？芍髡咦髌返陌l(fā)表讓他感受到了成功，選項(xiàng)A：depression沮喪，B：praise贊揚(yáng)，C：rejection拒絕，D：success成功，可知選項(xiàng)success符合題意；故答案為D。29．句意：這比他們?nèi)魏稳俗龅亩己?，如果只是運(yùn)氣好，我也無(wú)所謂。根據(jù)作者曾經(jīng)被同學(xué)們嘲笑，他們沒(méi)有人投稿發(fā)表，可知作者認(rèn)為自己比他們好；選項(xiàng)A：earlier更早，B：better更好，C：longer更長(zhǎng)，D：worse更糟，可知選項(xiàng)better符合題意；故答案為B。30．句意：在接下來(lái)的兩年里，我賣出了幾十首詩(shī)歌、信件、笑話和食譜。根據(jù)上