《合同和協(xié)議的翻譯》PPT課件.ppt

合同和協(xié)議的翻譯 l合同的主要結構 l合同的語言特點 l合同的翻譯 Team:來志鴻 葉丹 朱波 合同的主要結構 l約首 (Preamble) l正文 (Body) l約尾 (Witness Clause/Final Clauses) 約首 l訂約日期 Date of signing l訂約雙方 Signing Parties l雙方合法依據(jù) Each Partys Authority l訂約地點 Place of Signing l訂約緣由 Recitals of “Whereas”clause l定義條款 Definition Clause l基本條款 Basic Contract l一般條款 General Terms and Conditions l合同有效期限 Duration of Contract l合同的終止 Termination of Contract l不可抗力 Force Majeure l合同的讓與 Assignment of Contract l仲裁 Arbitration l適用的法律 Governing Law l訴訟管轄 Jurisdiction l通知手續(xù) Notice l合同的修改 Amendment of Contract l其他條款 Others 正文 約尾 l合同的份數(shù)、使用的文字和效力 lCopies of Contract, Languages Used and Their Effectiveness l簽名 Signature l簽章 Seal 合同的語言特點 l使用正式的、法律用語 Party A to send technicians to assist B to install the equipment 甲方同意派遣技術人員幫助乙方在安裝設備 In processing transactions, the manufactures never have title either to the materials or the finished products. 在加工貿易中，生產方對原材料和產成品都沒有所有權 l大量使用古英語和外來詞 pacta sunt servanda 條約必須被遵守原則 ipso facto 依事實本身 l語言的并列 詞語并列結構 under or in accordance with (合同）項下或按照（合同） signed and delivered 簽署并寄出 by the government or by any government 由該政府或任何政府 成對同義詞結構 Interpret construct solicit accept 練 習 補 充 hereto 英文釋義: to this 用法:在表示上文已提及的“本合同的本文件的”時，使用該詞。 中文譯詞: 至此，在此上。 the Parties hereto Appendix 4 hereto 語法：一般置于要修飾的名詞的后面，與之緊鄰。 All disputes arising from the performance of this Contract shall, through amicable negotiations, be settled by the Parties hereto. 對于因履行本合同所發(fā)生的一切爭議，本合同雙方應友好協(xié)商解決 英文釋義: by means of , by reason of this 中文譯詞: 特此,因此,茲 用法:常用于法律文件、合同、協(xié)議書等正式文件的開頭語 在條款中需要強調時也可用 語法：一般置于主語后,緊鄰主語. We hereby certify to the best of our knowledge that the foregoing statement is true and correct 特此證明，據(jù)我們所知，上述聲明內容真實，正確無誤， 練 習 補 充 lhere, there, where 等副詞加上in, on, to, by, of, after等介詞或介詞組合構成的復合 詞的使用尤為常見。 hereby hereto thereby thereto whereby whereto 特此，茲 本文件 從而 XX中的 憑此協(xié)議 對于那個 合同翻譯注意詞語 lshipping advice 與 shipping instructions shipping advice 是“裝運通知”，是由出口商（賣主）發(fā)給進口商（買主）的。然而 shipping instructions 則是“裝運須知”，是進口商（買主）發(fā)給出口商（賣主）的。另 外要注意區(qū)分 vendor賣主與 vendee買主，consignor發(fā)貨人與consignee收貨人。 lchange A to B 與 change A into B 英譯“把 A 改為 B”用“change A to B”，英譯“把 A 折合成/兌換成 B”用“change A into B”，兩者不可混淆。 lin 與 after 當英譯“多少天之后”的時間時，往往是指“多少天之后”的確切的一天，所以必須用介詞 in，而不能用 after，因為介詞 after 指的是“多少天之后”的不確切的任何一天。 lex 與 per 源自拉丁語的介詞 ex 與 per 有各自不同的含義。英譯由某輪船“運來”的貨物時用 ex ，由某輪船“運走”的貨物用 Per，而由某輪船“承運”用 by。 labide by 與 comply with abide by 與 comply with 都有“遵守”的意思但是當主語是“人”時，英譯“遵守”須用 abide by。當主語是非人稱時，則用 comply with 英譯“遵守”。 練 習 補 充 by and between 由 for and in consideration of考慮到，鑒于 for and on behalf of 為了，代表 save and except除了 in full force and effect 生效 furnish and provide提供 make and enter into 達成 release and discharge棄權，讓渡 fulfill or perform 履行 procure and ensure保證和確保 force and effect 效力 right and interest權益 power and authority 權利 covenants and agreements契約 terms and conditions 條款 goods and chattels個人動產，有形動產 customs fees and duties 關稅 losses and damages丟失及損毀 complaints and claims 投訴及索賠 null and void失效，無效 sole and exclusive 唯一且排他的 final and conclusive最終及具決定性的 transferable or assignable 可轉讓的 用語方面 l力求嚴謹，明白無誤 The following documents shall be deemed to form and be read and construed as an integral part of this Contract. 下列文件應被認為、讀作、解釋為本合同的組成部分； l多用主動語態(tài)，少用被動語態(tài) Party A hereby appoints Party B as its exclusive sales agent in Singapore. (適宜) 甲方委托乙方為在新加坡的獨家銷售代理商 l多用現(xiàn)在時，少用將來時，盡管很多條款規(guī)定的是合同簽訂以后的事項 Licensee may terminate this Contract 90 days after a written notice thereof is sent to Licensor upon the happening of one of the following events: 當有下列事件之一發(fā)生，被許可人提前90天向許可人發(fā)送書面通知后，可以終止合同： l直接表達方式用得多，間接表達方式用的較少 This Article does not apply to bondholders who have not been paid in full. （用得少） 本條款不適用于尚未全部償付的債券持有者。 This Article applies only to bondholders who have been paid in full. （用得多） 本條款只適用于已全部償付的債券持有者。 l盡量使用一個動詞，避免使用“動詞+名詞+介詞”的同意短語 Party A shall make an appointment of its representative within 30 days after signing the Contract. 甲方應于簽約后30天內指派其授權代表。宜用appoint代替 make an appointment of. Party A will give consideration to Party Bs proposal of exclusive agency. 甲方愿意考慮乙方獨家代理的建議。宜用consider代替give consideration to. 合同案例 All disputes arising from the performance of this Contract shall, through amicable negotiations, be settled by the Parties hereto. Should, through negotiations, no settlement be reached, the case in question shall then be submitted for arbitration to the China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission, Beijing and the arbitration rules of this Commission shall be applied. The award of the arbitration shall be final and binding upon the Parties hereto. The Arbitration fee shall be borne by the losing party unless otherwise awarded by the Arbitration Commission. the performance of this Contract：履行本合同 through amicable negotiations：友好協(xié)商 the Parties hereto：the Parties to this Contract本合同雙方 shall then be submitted for arbitration：提交進行仲裁 the China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission, Beijing：中國國際經濟貿易 仲裁委員會 the arbitration rules of this Commission：其仲裁