Unit7BrakeSystem汽車英語(yǔ).ppt

Unit3 Brake System,Contents,Lead-in,Please watch the video.,How do you think about it?,the importance of the brake system,Warming up,Brake system (function),service (foot) brake,parking (hand) brake,The classification of the brake system,additional retarding brake,retard rit:d vt.使減速;妨礙;阻止,行駛(腳)制動(dòng),駐車(手)制動(dòng),輔助制動(dòng),The History of Brake System,簡(jiǎn)單機(jī)械制動(dòng)器,Four stages,Simple Mechanical Brake,真空助力制動(dòng)器,液壓助力制動(dòng)器,Hydraulic Booster Brake,防抱死制動(dòng)系統(tǒng),Anti-lock Brake System,Vacuum Booster Brake,Warming up,Structure,Important Words & Phrases,tubing n. 管道系統(tǒng) e.g. brake tubing (hose, line)制動(dòng)管路 brake pad n. 制動(dòng)塊 brake shoe n. (制動(dòng))蹄 hydraulic brake booster (HBB) 液壓制動(dòng)助力器,Important Words & Phrases,Important Words & Phrases,parking n. 停車,駐車; 停車位(處) e.g. parking (hand) brake 駐車(手)制動(dòng) incipient adj.: initial 初始的 protrude v. : stick out from somewhere突出 e.g. A pair of shoes protruded from the bed.,Important Words & Phrases,momentarily adv. 即刻,馬上 momentary adj. moment n. e.g. at the/this/that just/wait a the last Ill be with you . There was a pause.,moment,moment,moment,momentary,momentarily,Important Words & Phrases,function: bring a vehicle to a safe controlled stop,Foot brake,Function,The brake system is one of the most important safety systems on the automobile. The ability (of the brake system to bring a vehicle to a safe controlled stop) is absolutely essential in preventing accidental vehicle damage, personal injury, and loss of life.,必要的,不可缺的少,最重要的,adj.意外的,偶然的,n.喪失,遺失,Foot brake,Formation,A common brake system consists of brake pedal, master cylinder, disc or drum brakes, brake tubing, and proportioning valve.,制動(dòng)踏板,比例閥,制動(dòng)管路,盤式或鼓式 制動(dòng)器,制動(dòng)主缸,brake System,brake pedal,master cylinder,disc or drum brakes,brake tubing,proportioning valve,Foot brake,1-盤式制動(dòng)器；2-制動(dòng)鉗；3-制動(dòng)管路；4-制動(dòng)踏板; 5-制動(dòng)主缸；6-制動(dòng)輪缸；7-鼓式制動(dòng)器,Front Brake,Rear Brake,caliper klip 卡鉗;卡尺,When driver pushes down on the brake pedal, a hydraulic pressure is produced in the master cylinder, and enters into wheel cylinder through the brake tubing.,Translation:當(dāng)司機(jī)踩下制動(dòng)踏板,主缸中產(chǎn)生液壓,并通過 制動(dòng)管路進(jìn)入輪缸。,Foot brake,Operating Process,制動(dòng)踏板,液壓,制動(dòng)主缸,輪缸,制動(dòng)管路,Foot brake,Necessity,To identify and to correct a brake system problem, as well as to restore that system to its maximum effectiveness, requires considerable knowledge of the systems construction and operation.,Translation:確認(rèn)和排除制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的故障以及恢復(fù)制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的最高制動(dòng)效率，需要相當(dāng)多的有關(guān)制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)和運(yùn)行方面的知識(shí)。,adj.相當(dāng)多的，相當(dāng)大的,n. structure 結(jié)構(gòu),效率,排除,診斷,恢復(fù),This includes the friction devices (at each of the vehicles wheels) and the mechanical and hydraulic control systems (that control the action of these friction devices).,Translation: 這包括每個(gè)車輪的摩擦裝置和控制這些摩擦裝置的動(dòng)作機(jī)械液壓控制系統(tǒng)。,Foot brake,摩擦裝置,機(jī)械液壓控制系統(tǒng),Principle of Brake System,制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)工作原理,1.brake pedal制動(dòng)踏板,2.push rod推桿,3.master cylinder piston主缸活塞,4.master cylinder制動(dòng)主缸,5.oil tube油管,6.wheel cylinder輪缸,7.wheel cylinder piston,8.brake drum,9.friction lining摩擦片,10.brake shoe,11.brake back plate制動(dòng)底板,12.supporting pin支撐銷,13.brake shoe return spring,Foot brake,Principle,The brake system depends on the principle of friction for operation.,摩擦,Sliding friction 動(dòng)摩擦,Static friction 靜摩擦,Friction 摩擦,Foot brake,Sliding friction is the rubbing action (of one object sliding on the surface of another), such as a brake disc on a brake pad or a brake drum on a brake lining.,動(dòng)摩擦,制動(dòng)盤,制動(dòng)鼓,制動(dòng)塊,制動(dòng)襯片,摩擦動(dòng)作,Translation:動(dòng)摩擦是指一個(gè)物體在另一個(gè)物體表面滑動(dòng)的摩擦動(dòng)作。如制動(dòng)盤在制動(dòng)塊或制動(dòng)鼓在制動(dòng)襯片上的摩擦動(dòng)作。,Static friction is the resistance to the sliding of one object on the surface of another.,靜摩擦,阻力,Foot brake,Translation:靜摩擦是指一個(gè)物體 在另一個(gè)物體表面滑動(dòng)的阻力。,Foot brake,In a brake system, when the brakes are applied there is sliding friction between the shoe and drum or the disc and pad, as long as the wheels are still turning, and there is static friction between the tire and the road surface.,只要,如果,Operation Process,動(dòng)摩擦,(制動(dòng))蹄,(制動(dòng))鼓,制動(dòng)盤,靜摩擦,輪胎,Translation: 在制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)中，當(dāng)施加制動(dòng)時(shí)，只要車輪仍在旋轉(zhuǎn)，在制動(dòng)蹄、制動(dòng)鼓之間或制動(dòng)盤、制動(dòng)塊之間存在動(dòng)摩擦，而在輪胎和路面之間存在靜摩擦。,制動(dòng)塊,Foot brake,Upon severe braking, the wheels become locked, at which time there is a sliding friction between the tire and the road and static friction between the shoe and drum or disc and pad.,緊急制動(dòng),狀 語(yǔ),動(dòng)摩擦,靜摩擦,Translation:緊急制動(dòng)時(shí),車輪抱死,此時(shí)在輪胎和路面之間存在動(dòng)摩擦,在制動(dòng)蹄、制動(dòng)鼓或制動(dòng)盤、制動(dòng)塊之間存在靜摩擦。,Foot brake,The most effective braking takes place just before wheel lock-up occurs. The amount of pressure (applied to the surfaces in contact) determines the amount of friction present.,n. 出現(xiàn),發(fā)生,Braking Time & Amount of Friction,Translation:最有效的制動(dòng)出現(xiàn)在車輪抱死之前。施加在接觸表面壓力的多少?zèng)Q定了摩擦出現(xiàn)的多少。,Parking brake,Function,The function of parking brake is to make sure the stopping vehicle parking.,確保,保證,駐車制動(dòng),Translation:駐車制動(dòng)的功用是確保停駛的車輛可靠駐停。,Types,Commonly the rear-wheel drum brake is for the parking brake.,后輪鼓式制動(dòng)器,Parking brake,Translation:通常，后輪鼓式制動(dòng)器用于駐車制動(dòng)。,Some cars use a vacuum motor to release the parking brake automatically as soon as the car starts.,真空馬達(dá),時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),Parking brake,Translation:某些車輛一旦起步,能夠通過真空馬達(dá)自動(dòng)釋放駐車制動(dòng)。,Parking brake,Older cars and some trucks use a drum (mounted at the rear of the transmission) 【for the parking brake】.,目的狀語(yǔ),安裝,變速器,Translation:較老轎車和一些卡 車使用安裝在變速器后部的制 動(dòng)鼓作為駐車制動(dòng)。,Parking brake,Operation Process,The parking brake may be operated by a separate foot pedal or by a hand-operated lever.,單獨(dú)的腳制動(dòng)踏板,手操縱桿,Translation：駐車制動(dòng)可以由單獨(dú)的腳制動(dòng)踏板或手操縱桿進(jìn)行操作。,The lever or pedal operates a cable system (linked to the rear brakes) and applies them mechanically.,后輪制動(dòng)器,controls the rear brakes,Parking brake,Translation: 操縱桿或踏板操縱連到后輪制動(dòng)器的繩索系統(tǒng)，并機(jī)械地控制后輪制動(dòng)器。,Parking brake,Pushing down the pedal tightens the cable and forces the shoes against the drum or the pads against the rotor.,動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ),靠,碰,觸,倚,連接并列謂語(yǔ),轉(zhuǎn)子,轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)元件,Translation:踩下踏板將繩索拉緊,使制動(dòng)蹄壓緊在制動(dòng)鼓上或使制動(dòng)塊壓緊在轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)元件上。,Anti-lock Brake System,Function,The function of an anti-lock, or anti-skid braking system is to prevent the wheels from locking under hard braking.,anti- Pref.: preventing防/阻止,抗 e.g. antifreeze 防凍劑,Translation： 防抱死或防滑移制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的功用是防止緊急制動(dòng)時(shí)車輪抱死。,緊急制動(dòng),防抱死,防滑移,Maximum braking force is obtained just before the wheels lock and skid.,Time of Brake Force,Translation:在車輪剛要抱死 滑移前可以得到最大的制動(dòng)力。,Anti-lock Brake System,Anti-lock Brake System,Such anti-skid systems are useful on slippery surfaces, such as ice and snow, (where the wheels may lock easily).,adj. (物體表面)光滑的;(指人)狡猾的,不可靠的,非限定性定語(yǔ)從句,illumination,Translation:這樣的防滑制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)對(duì)于冰雪等光滑路面非常有用，在這些路面上車輪很容易抱死。,Locked wheels are dangerous because the car needs a much longer distance to stop. Locked wheels also can cause the driver to lose control.,Anti-lock Brake System,Translation:抱死的車輪是很危險(xiǎn)的，因?yàn)檐囕v需要較長(zhǎng)的距離才能停下來(lái)。抱死的車輪還能導(dǎo)致車輛失去控制。,Anti-lock Brake System,Formation,The ABS consists of components such as the ABS sensors, stoplight switch, hydraulic unit in hydraulic brake booster (HBB), ECU, and the ABS warning light.,液壓制動(dòng)助力器,ABS 傳感器,停車燈開關(guān),液壓?jiǎn)卧?電子控制單元,ABS警告燈,ABS :Anti-lock Brake System,防抱死制動(dòng)系統(tǒng),disk brake,wheel,drum brake,vacuum booster,front wheel speed sensor,hydraulic control unit,rear wheel velocity sensor,Main parts of ABS,Anti-lock Brake System,Operation process,The system uses a sensor that knows when one wheel (or a pair of wheels) is skidding. The sensor sends a signal to a computer, (which signals a modulator valve).,n.,v.,液壓調(diào)節(jié)器電磁閥,Anti-lock Brake System,The modulator connects into the hydraulic system and can momentarily release the brake pressure and prevent the wheels from locking. (The pressure release is so fast that a driver is seldom aware of it.),連接 并列 謂語(yǔ),使不能做某事,防止,阻止,即刻,馬上,明白,知道,意識(shí)到,Anti-lock Brake System,Pressure is then reapplied until the sensor