選修7Unit2語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)5頁(yè).doc

選修七 Unit2 Robots 語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)學(xué)案【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】本單元語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)【學(xué)習(xí)重點(diǎn)，難點(diǎn)】重點(diǎn)掌握高考考點(diǎn)的學(xué)習(xí)和運(yùn)用。【新知識(shí)學(xué)習(xí)】考點(diǎn)1：Claire didnt want the robots in her house, especially as her husband would be absent for three weeks, but Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldnt harm harm her or allow her to be harmed.克萊爾并不想把機(jī)器人留在家里，特別是在她丈夫離家三周的這個(gè)期間。但是克萊爾被拉里説服了。他說(shuō)，機(jī)器人不會(huì)傷害她，也不會(huì)讓別人來(lái)傷害她。（Para.2, L1）【點(diǎn)撥】該句是一個(gè)由but連接的_句。第一個(gè)分句包含一個(gè)as引導(dǎo)的_狀語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明克萊爾不愿機(jī)器人留在家里的原因；but之后的句子的主干為L(zhǎng)arry persuaded her。persuade 后面是_賓語(yǔ)：her 充當(dāng)_賓語(yǔ)，that 引導(dǎo)的并與從句充當(dāng)_賓語(yǔ)。還要注意在該賓語(yǔ)從句中的notor的意思是“既不也不”?！緟^(qū)別】especially與speciallyespecially: adv. “格外地、主要地、尤其”，用于強(qiáng)調(diào)某種特別感受。在介詞或連詞前常用。specially: adv. “為了某一特別目的；專門”?！厩删殹孔g為中文。（1） The sight here is very beautiful, especially when there is fog._（2） These shoes were specially made for you. _（3） 選擇題According to the recent survey, cancer is the leading cause of death among young adults, _ in this area.A obviously B. especially C. specially D. probably考點(diǎn)2：He was tall and handsome with smooth hair and a deep voice although his facial expression never changed. 他雖然面部表情毫無(wú)變化，但是個(gè)子高大、相貌英俊、頭發(fā)平整，聲音低沉渾厚。（Para.2, 倒數(shù)L3）【點(diǎn)撥】描寫人物時(shí)使用多種修飾語(yǔ)?！灸７隆克莻€(gè)善良可愛的小姑娘，圓圓的臉，大大的眼睛，雪白的牙齒。_考點(diǎn)3：It was disturbing and frightening that he looked so human. 機(jī)器人如此通人性，這使她覺得心煩和害怕。（Para.3, L5、6）【點(diǎn)撥】（1） It 是形式主語(yǔ)，that引導(dǎo)的句子是這個(gè)句子的_,that從句叫_。It 放在句首，真正的_放在后面，這是英語(yǔ)的一種常見結(jié)構(gòu)。（2） 帶有that 從句的先行詞結(jié)構(gòu)有以下幾種不同的搭配關(guān)系：1） It + be + adj.+ that-clauseTip: 在表示建議、命令、要求等意義的It 結(jié)構(gòu)中，that 從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用（should）do/be的形式。在表示驚訝、喜悅、遺憾等意義的It 結(jié)構(gòu)中，that 從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也常用這種形式。2） It + be + n.(或名詞短語(yǔ)) + that-clause3） It + be + ed分詞 + that-clause4） It seems/happens + that-clause【巧練】根據(jù)中文意思完成句子。（1）It is _（他最好馬上去那里。）（2）It is _（真遺憾湯姆這么快就得離開。）（3）It is _（據(jù)說(shuō)艾薩克將陪父母去歐洲訪問(wèn)。）（4）It _（好像他們現(xiàn)在急需幫助）。【區(qū)別】形式主語(yǔ)從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)將It、is/was和that 去掉后，句子結(jié)構(gòu)仍然完整；形式主語(yǔ)從句將這些去掉后就不完整了。【巧練】判斷下列哪個(gè)句子是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，那個(gè)句子是形式主語(yǔ)從句。（1） It is true that he would take the risk.（2） It was Tony that managed to help her in time.考點(diǎn)4：Also she felt her home wasnt elegant enough for someone like Larry who wanted to improve his social position.還有對(duì)于像拉里這樣很想提高社會(huì)地位的人來(lái)說(shuō)，她覺得她的家也不夠高雅。（Para.4，倒數(shù)L5）【點(diǎn)撥】句子結(jié)構(gòu)：adj. + enough for someone like sb. + who從句【模仿】對(duì)于像他的班長(zhǎng)那樣想考入名牌大學(xué)的人來(lái)說(shuō)，湯姆覺得自己還不夠勤奮。_考點(diǎn)5：So Claire borrowed a pile of books from the libraty for him to read, or rather, scan.于是克萊爾從圖書館借來(lái)一堆書給托尼閱讀，或者說(shuō)給他瀏覽一下。(Para.5, L3)【點(diǎn)撥】or rather 意思是“或者更確切地說(shuō)”，通常用于對(duì)前面所講的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行修正或更準(zhǔn)確地說(shuō)。類似說(shuō)法：to be exactly/exactly speaking/properly speaking?！厩删殹扛鶕?jù)中文意思完成句子。Americans, _, African-Americans are good at Jazz music.(美國(guó)人，或者更確切地說(shuō)，非洲裔美國(guó)人擅長(zhǎng)爵士音樂)。考點(diǎn)6：Claire thanked Tony, telling him that he was a “dear”. 克萊爾對(duì)托尼表示感謝，并說(shuō)他是個(gè)“可愛的人”。（Para.6,倒數(shù)L8）【點(diǎn)撥】句中的telling him that he was a “dear”作狀語(yǔ)，表伴隨，說(shuō)明謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞thanked 的動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)的另一個(gè)行為。分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)為句子的主語(yǔ)；現(xiàn)在分詞與句中的主語(yǔ)有主動(dòng)的邏輯主謂關(guān)系，過(guò)去分詞與句中的主語(yǔ)有被動(dòng)的邏輯主謂關(guān)系。【巧練】語(yǔ)法填空：（1） All night long he lay awake, _（think） of the problem. （2） He went into the classroom, _（follow）by some students.考點(diǎn)7：As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern. 當(dāng)她轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身去，格拉雷斯克拉芬站在那里。（Para.6, 倒數(shù)L7）【點(diǎn)撥】There stood此句為存在結(jié)構(gòu)，常用于這種結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞有stand, seem to be, happen to be, be likely to be, live, come, enter, lie等?！厩删殹糠g碰巧沒有人在房間里。There _ nobody in the room.考點(diǎn)8：How awful to be discovered by her, Claire thought. 克萊爾想，被她發(fā)現(xiàn)了，這多么難為情?。?Para.6,倒數(shù)L6)【點(diǎn)撥】（1）該句是一個(gè)省略部分內(nèi)容的感嘆句，可補(bǔ)全為：How awful it was to be discovered by her!（2）感嘆句中常可省略it is/was 或sb. is/was/were等。【巧練】根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思，把以下句子的省略部分補(bǔ)充完整。（1） 今天的天氣真熱！What a hot day (_ _) today! = How hot (_ _) today!（2） 多聰明的孩子！What a clever boy (_ _)!=What clever a boy (_ _)!考點(diǎn)9：By the amused and surprised look on her face, Claire knew that Gladys thought she was having an affair. 從她臉上驚奇的表情判斷，克萊爾知道格拉迪斯認(rèn)為她有外遇。（Para.6, L5）【Tip1】by:prep. 在此處相當(dāng)于according to 根據(jù)，按照根據(jù)我的手表，現(xiàn)在的時(shí)間是兩點(diǎn)鐘。_ my watch it _ two oclock.【Tip2】by的用法：（1）“到時(shí)為止”，其后若跟過(guò)去時(shí)間，時(shí)態(tài)多用過(guò)去完成時(shí)；若跟將來(lái)時(shí)間，時(shí)間多用將來(lái)完成時(shí)。到15歲時(shí)，他就自學(xué)完了高等數(shù)學(xué)。_the age of 15, he _ himself advanced maths.（2）表示時(shí)間時(shí)，還有“在期間，不遲于”的意思。我不知道他為什么常在白天睡覺。I have no idea why he often sleeps _.（3）作為介詞時(shí)和副詞時(shí)，意思還有“在附近，在旁邊，經(jīng)，由，依據(jù)，通過(guò)，用，以方式”等。在床邊有一張小桌子。There is a small table _. 考點(diǎn)10：“You can be like her,” Tony told her and suggested that she invite Gladys and he friends to the house the night before he was to leave and Larry was to return.托尼告訴克萊爾說(shuō)，你可以同格拉迪斯一樣，還建議克萊爾邀請(qǐng)格拉迪斯和她的朋友到她家里來(lái)玩，時(shí)間就定在托尼離去和拉里回家之前的那個(gè)晚上。（Para.7, L3） 【點(diǎn)撥】該句是一個(gè)由and（第一個(gè)and）連接的_句。第二個(gè)分句包含一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的_從句，the night before在句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。還要注意的是suggest意為“建議”，后接賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用_語(yǔ)氣，即“(should )+動(dòng)詞原形”?！究键c(diǎn)】was to leave 和was to return是過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，表示按計(jì)劃或安排將要發(fā)生的事。【考例】In a room above the store, where a party _, some workers were busily setting the table.（湖南2006）A. was to be held B. has been held C. will be held D. is being held考點(diǎn)11：-you cannot have women falling in love with machines.總不能讓女人和機(jī)器相愛吧。（Para.11,L13-14）【點(diǎn)撥】句子中含有一常用句型：（cant/wont） have sb. doing sth. 意為“（不能/將不）允許/容許某人干某事”。表示此句型時(shí)，該句型常用于否定句中?！厩删殹縏ranslation（1） 我不允許你這樣粗魯?shù)馗抑v話。_（2） 我絕不會(huì)讓你再說(shuō)這樣的話。_【區(qū)別】have sb. doing sth. 意為“叫/讓/請(qǐng)/使/命令某人干某事，強(qiáng)調(diào)doing的動(dòng)作的持續(xù)，常附加時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)在后面?！厩删殹縏ranslation（1） 我令他們?cè)诔燥垥r(shí)笑個(gè)不停。_（2） 昨天他讓我等了他半個(gè)小時(shí)。_考點(diǎn)12：Issac Asimov was an American scientist and writer who wrote around 480 books that included mystery stories, science and history books, and even books about the Holy Bible and Shakespeare. 艾薩克阿西莫夫是美國(guó)的科學(xué)家兼作家，他寫過(guò)大約480本書，包括怪誕小說(shuō)，科學(xué)和歷史方面的書，甚至還寫過(guò)有關(guān)圣經(jīng)和莎士比亞的書。（Page16, Para.1, L1）【點(diǎn)撥】句子結(jié)構(gòu)：一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句中還含有定語(yǔ)從句【巧練】將以下句子變成一句話。Chaplin was an outstanding actor.He acted in more than 70 films.These films include silent films and films with sounds._考點(diǎn)13：Asimov had both an extraodinary imagination that gave him the ability to explore future worlds and an amazing mind with which he searched for explanations of everything, in the present and the past. 阿西莫夫不僅有著超凡的想象力，使他能對(duì)未來(lái)世界進(jìn)行探索，而且有著驚人的智力，使他能對(duì)現(xiàn)在的和過(guò)去的各種事物作出解釋。（Page16, Para1, L4）【點(diǎn)撥】（1） 這個(gè)句子稍稍有點(diǎn)復(fù)雜，現(xiàn)簡(jiǎn)要地分析一下：Asimov had both an extraodinary imagination and amazing mind是這個(gè)句子的主要部分，that 引導(dǎo)的從句為定語(yǔ)從句修飾imagination，動(dòng)詞不定式to explore future worlds修辭ability，with w