英語語法常用詞匯.doc

English grammar terms often used 英語語法常用詞語1Parts of speech 詞類noun 名詞 pronoun 代詞 numeral 數(shù)詞 adjective 形容詞 verb 動詞 adverb副詞 article 冠詞 preposition介詞 conjunction連詞 interjection感嘆詞 particle 小品詞 2. Word building 構(gòu)詞法 conversion 轉(zhuǎn)化 derivation 派生 affixation詞綴法 prefix前綴 suffix后綴 compound words 合成詞 3Classification of nouns 名詞的分類 common nouns普通名詞 proper nouns 專有名詞 individual nouns個體名詞 collective nouns 集合名詞 material nouns 物質(zhì)名詞 abstract nouns 抽象名詞 countable nouns 可數(shù)名詞 uncountable nouns不可數(shù)名詞the singular form 單數(shù)形式 the plural form 復(fù)數(shù)形式 the common case 普通格 the possessive case 所有格 the subjective case 主格 the objective case 賓格person 人稱 third person singular 第三人稱單數(shù) 4. Classification of pronouns 代詞的分類 personal pronouns 人稱代詞 possessive pronouns 物主代詞 self pronouns 反身代詞 demonstrative pronouns 指示代詞 interrogative pronouns 疑問代詞 conjunctive pronouns 連接代詞 relative pronouns 關(guān)系代詞 reciprocal pronouns 相互代詞 indefinite pronouns 不定代詞5數(shù)詞、形容詞、冠詞cardinal numerals 基數(shù)詞 ordinal numerals 序數(shù)詞 fractional numerals 分?jǐn)?shù)詞 the comparative degree 比較級 the superlative degree 最高級 The definite article 定冠詞 the indefinite article 不定冠詞6Classification of verbs 動詞的分類national verbs 實義動詞 link-verbs系動詞 auxiliary verbs助動詞 modal verbs 情態(tài)動詞 transitive verbs 及物動詞 intransitive verbs 不及物動詞 regular verbs 規(guī)則動詞 irregular verbs 不規(guī)則動詞 the present forms 現(xiàn)在式 the past forms 過去式 the participle 分詞 the present participle現(xiàn)在分詞 the past participle 過去分詞 the infinitive 不定式 the gerund 動名詞 bare infinitive 不帶to的不定式 7Tense 時態(tài) the present tense 一般現(xiàn)在時 the past tense 一般過去時 the future tense一般將來時 the past future tense一般過去將來時 the present continuous現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時 the past continuous 過去進(jìn)行時 the future continuous 將來進(jìn)行時 the past future continuous過去將來進(jìn)行時 the present perfect 現(xiàn)在完成時 the past perfect過去完成時 the future perfect 將來完成時 the past future perfect 過去將來完成時 the present perfect continuous現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時 the future perfect continuous 將來完成進(jìn)行時 the past future perfect continuous 過去將來完成進(jìn)行時8Voice 語態(tài)、Mood 語氣 the passive voice 被動語態(tài) the active voice 主動語態(tài) the indicative mood 陳述語氣 the imperative mood 祈使語氣 the subjunctive mood 虛擬語氣 9Classification of adverbs 副詞的分類adverbs of place 地點副詞 adverbs of time 時間副詞 adverbs of degree程度副詞 adverbs of manner 方式副詞 adverbs of frequency頻度副詞 relative adverbs 關(guān)系副詞 interrogative adverbs 疑問副詞 conjunctive adverbs連接副詞10 Members of the sentence 句子成分 the subject 主語 the predicate 謂語 the predicative 表語 the object 賓語 the attribute 定語 the adverbial 狀語 the appositive 同位語 independent elements 獨立成分 the direct object 直接賓語 the indirect object 間接賓語 parenthesis 插入語the double possessive 雙重所有格 the formal subject/object 形式主語/賓語 subject complement 主語補(bǔ)足語 object complement 賓語補(bǔ)足語 11Classification of sentences句子的分類declarative sentences 陳述句 imperative sentences 祈使句 exclamatory sentences感嘆句 interrogative sentences 疑問句 general questions 一般疑問句 special questions 特殊疑問句 alternative questions選擇疑問句 disjunctive questions 反意疑問句 tap questions 附加疑問句 simple sentences 簡單句 compound sentences 復(fù)合句 complex sentences 并列句 elliptical sentences 省略句 phrase 短語 preposition phrases 介詞短語 infinitive phrases 不定式短語 the question word 疑問詞12Clauses 從句 main clauses 主句 subject clauses 主語從句 object clauses賓語從句 direct speech 直接引語 indirect speech 間接引語 predicate clauses 謂語從句 predicative clauses 表語從句 attributive clauses定語從句 restrictive attributive clauses 限定性定語從句 the antecedent 先行詞non-restrictive attributive clauses 非限定性定語從句appositive clauses同位語從句 adverbial clauses狀語從句 adverbial clauses oftime/ place / cause / condition / degree / result / concession / purpose / comparison /manner 時間/地點/原因/條件/程度/結(jié)果/讓步/目的/比較/方式狀語從句 sentences of real condition真實條件句 sentences of unreal condition 虛擬條件句 natural word-order 自然語序 inverted word-order 倒裝語序 full inversion 完全倒裝 partial inversion 部分倒裝 ellipsis 省略 transformation of sentences 句型轉(zhuǎn)換 analysis of sentences 句子分析 13. Punctuation 標(biāo)點符號 period/full stop 句號 comma 逗號 semicolon分號 colon 冒號 dash 破折號 hyphen連字號 brackets 括號 question mark 問號 quotation marks 引號 apostrophe 省略號 14The pronunciation of English 英語發(fā)音 international phonetic國際音標(biāo) the sounds of English 英語語音 vowels 元音 pure vowels 單元音 diphthongs 雙元音 semi-vowel 半元音 consonants 輔音 nasal 鼻音 plosive 爆破