初中英語(yǔ)八種時(shí)態(tài)歸納復(fù)習(xí)和句子成分.doc

英語(yǔ)八種時(shí)態(tài)歸納復(fù)習(xí)以及語(yǔ)態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)1、動(dòng)詞的種類（*）行為動(dòng)詞或?qū)嵰鈩?dòng)詞 及物動(dòng)詞 vt 不及物動(dòng)詞 vi連系動(dòng)詞：be, look, turn, get, become, etc.助動(dòng)詞：be, do, have, shall, will, etc.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：can, may, must, need, etc.2、時(shí)態(tài)現(xiàn)在時(shí)過去時(shí)將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)一般謂語(yǔ)用動(dòng)詞原形，主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞加s或es.(be=am/is/are)動(dòng)詞過去式shall/will+v(原)am/is/are+v-ing(非延續(xù)性)am/is/are going toam/is/are about toam/is/are +to-v.would+v(原)was/were+v-ing(非延續(xù)性)was/were going towas/were about towas/were +to-v.進(jìn)行am/is/are +v-ingwas/were+v-ingwill be+v-ingwould be+v-ing完成have/has+donehad+donewill have+donewould have+done完成進(jìn)行have/has been+v-inghad been+v-ingWill have been+v-ingwould have been+v-ing常用的八種時(shí)態(tài)：一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：概念：經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況。 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month), once a week, on Sundays, etc. I get up at six oclock every morning.He doesnt speak Russian.The moon moves round the earth.二、一般過去時(shí)：概念：過去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)；過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為。 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, once upon a time, etc. I was in Grade One last year.I got up at five yesterday.三、一般將來時(shí)：概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, in a few minutes, by,the day after tomorrow, etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are/going to + do；will/shall + do.I shall (will) go to your school tomorrow afternoon.She will be here tomorrow.Im going to Bei Jing tomorrow.Im going to help him.四、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：概念：表示現(xiàn)階段或說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作及行為。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：now, at this time, these days, etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are+doingWere reading the text now.五、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：概念：過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：recently, lately, sincefor,in the past few years, etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has + doneThey have lived here for ten years.六、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：概念：表示過去某段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的行為或動(dòng)作。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引導(dǎo)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)等?；窘Y(jié)構(gòu)：was/were+doingWe were having a meeting this time yesterday.七、過去完成時(shí)：概念：以過去某個(gè)時(shí)間為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，在此以前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為，或在過去某動(dòng)作之前完成的行為，即“過去的過去”。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：before, by the end of last year(term, month),etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：had + done.We had learned four English songs by the end of last year.八、過去將來時(shí)：概念：立足于過去某一時(shí)刻，從過去看將來，常用于賓語(yǔ)從句中。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：the next day(morning, year),the following month(week),etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were/going to + do；would/should + do.He said he would go to the cinema that evening.Betty said she was going to visit her uncle next Sunday.3、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)現(xiàn)在時(shí)過去時(shí)將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)一般am/is/are+-edwas/were+-edwill/shall be+-edwould be+-ed進(jìn)行am/is/are+being+-edwas/were+being+-edwill/shall be+being+-edwould be+being+-ed完成have/has been+-edhad been+-edwill/shall have been+-edwould have been+-ed完成進(jìn)行have/has been+being+-edhad been+being+-edwill/shall have been+being+-edWould have been+being+-ed一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如：English is taught in that school.一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如：The song was written by that worker.帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。She must be sent to hospital at once.He is liked by everybody.5、練習(xí)（初中題）I first met Lisa three years ago. She _ at a radio shop at the time. A. has worked B. was working C. had been working D. had worked2. （初中題）-_ my glasses? -Yes, I saw them on your bed a minute ago.A. Do you see B. Did you see C. Would see you D. Have you seen2. （初中題） Helen_ her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband_.A. has left; comes B. left; had come C. had left; came D. had left; would come4. （初中題）There_ a dirty ball under the table for two days.A. has B. is C. has been D. have been 5. （初中題）-What were you doing when Tom came to see you? -I _ on my overcoat and_ to visit a friend of mine.A. had just; leaving B. was put ; was left C. had just put; was leaving D. was putting; left 6. （初中題）-What are you doing to do this weekend? -I _ yet.A. havent decided B. wont decide C. have decided D. didnt decide 7. （初中題）-Why did the boy rat so much that evening? -He was hungry, for he _ nothing all the day.A. ate B. had eaten C. had been eating D. has eaten8. （初中題）Will you please lend me a novel when you _ it?A. will have finished B. will finish C. have finished D. finished9. （初中題）-Youve agreed to go, but why arent you getting ready? -But I _that you_ me too attar once.A. didnt realize; want B. dont realize; want C. havent realized; want D. didnt realize; wanted 10. （初中題）He is too careless and he_ his key to the door. A. always lost B. is always losing C. was always losing D. never loses 11. （初中題）-Is there any meeting today? -Yes, it_ at 2:30 in the afternoon.A. begins B. has begun C. is beginning D. begun 12. （初中題）-Peter, dont play that kind of joke any more! -Sorry! I_ do it again.A. wont B. cant C. mustnt D. wouldnt13. （初中題）-Could you tell me how long_ the book? -Three days.A. I can keep B. can I borrow C. I can borrow D. cant I keep14. （初中題）- Excuse me, but I dont think you can smoke