初中英語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)語(yǔ)法總結(jié).doc

初中英語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)語(yǔ)法總復(fù)習(xí)一、 Topic:現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)二、lead in：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)；客觀事實(shí)或真理）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)（正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或持續(xù)的狀態(tài)） 一般過(guò)去時(shí)（過(guò)去發(fā)生的，或過(guò)去經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作，回憶過(guò)去）過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)（過(guò)去正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)） 一般將來(lái)時(shí)（將來(lái)動(dòng)作，將來(lái)經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作，打算或即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作/狀態(tài)）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：表示到說(shuō)話時(shí)為止（或到現(xiàn)在為止）已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了（不一定結(jié)束）的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。三、presentation1.結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+have/has+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞+其他 否定句： 一般疑問句及答語(yǔ)：2.用法： 表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。考試中經(jīng)常伴隨明顯的上下文提示。常用標(biāo)志詞有already, yet, just, ever, never, before, so far等。I have already finished my homework, so I can enjoy my vacation now.I havent finished my homework yet.Have you finished your homework yet?【真題解析】1.(2016單選)We have worked so long. Shall we stop to have a rest?2.（2016選詞填空）All of us have passed the exam. How happy we are!3.(2015選詞填空)Where are you going on vacation this summer? - I havent planned it yet.already與yet的用法：already常用語(yǔ)肯定句中，在助動(dòng)詞have/has之后；yet常用于疑問句、否定句中，句末位置。含already的陳述句變?yōu)橐蓡柧浠蚍穸ň鋾r(shí)，already改為yet，放句末。 表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間到現(xiàn)在期間反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或多次動(dòng)作的總和。常伴隨once, twice, three times, how many times? 等標(biāo)志詞出現(xiàn) e.g. I have seen this film for 6 times. Its so good that I want to see it again tomorrow.【真題解析】a.（2015單選） -How many times have Carl gone to the Great Wall?-Only once. A.does; go B.did; go C. has; gone D.has; been b.(2014單選) Betty can play the piece of music very well because she many times. A.practiced B.will practice C.is practicing D. has practicedc.The girl cant be Sarah. She has gone to the library.have been to V.S. have gone to表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。此時(shí)常與“for 一段時(shí)間或“since過(guò)去的點(diǎn)時(shí)間或從句（從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)）以及so far（到目前為止）等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，對(duì)for和since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)提問要用How longe.g. 1. How long has she been here?- Shes been at this school since five years ago2. I havent seen him for three years 注意：在這類句子的肯定句和疑問句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。短暫性動(dòng)詞由于動(dòng)作不能持續(xù)，故不能與for或since引出的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如連用，需把短暫性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，或轉(zhuǎn)化為be+形容詞/副詞/介詞/名詞等.(轉(zhuǎn)換表見講義末)。【真題解析】1.(2017填空)People in this city have planted lots of trees in the last few years.2.Shakes Peare for 400 years, but his works still have great influence today. A.died B. was dying C.has died D. has been dead四、practiceI. Fill in the blanks with the proper form.1. I_ already _ (see) the film. I _ (see) it last week.2. _ he _ (finish) his work today? Not yet.3. My father _ just _ (come) back from work. He is tired now.4. Wheres Li Ming ? He _ (go) to the teachers office.5. I _ (work) here since I _ (move) here in 1999.6. So far I _(make) quite a few friends here.7. How long _ the Wangs _(stay) here ? For two weeks.8. I _ just _ (finish) my homework.9. He _ (go) to school on foot every day.10._ you _ (find) your science book yet?11. If it _ (be) fine tomorrow, Ill go with you.12. The students _ (read) English when the teacher came in. 13. Look! The monkey _ (climb) the tree.14. My mother _ (come) to see me next Sunday.15. Ive lost my pen. _ you _ (see) it anywhere?III. Rewrite the sentences.1. I have been to Macau before. (改為否定句) I _ _ been to Macau before. 2. He hasnt come to school because he was ill. (就劃線部分提問) _ _ he come to school?3. I bough a new bike just now. (用just改寫) I_just_anewbike.4.WebegantolearnEnglishthreeyearsago.(改為同義句)We_English_threeyears5.Hehasneversurfed,_?（改成反意疑問句）6.Theyhavebeenheresince2000.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)_havetheybeenhere?7.Theoldman_lastyear.Hehas_forayear.(die)（動(dòng)詞填空）8.MissGaoleftanhourago.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)MissGaohas_anhourago.五、production Make up your own sentences with present perfect tence六、附錄：延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換標(biāo)Borrow-keepBuyhaveCatch a coldhave a coldPut on-wearGet to know-knowGet to sleep-sleepBegin/startbe onGo outbe outGet to/arrive in/reachbe (in)Diebe dea