eview of units 4-5 基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)精講精析及考點(diǎn)同步過(guò)關(guān)檢測(cè).docVIP

基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)精講精析及考點(diǎn)同步過(guò)關(guān)檢測(cè)Review of units 45一. 重點(diǎn)詞匯短語(yǔ)1. as well as as well as同，和，也；既也。 如： John can speak Chinese as well as French. 約翰會(huì)說(shuō)法語(yǔ)，也會(huì)說(shuō)中文。 It is important for you as well as for me. 它不僅對(duì)我重要，對(duì)你也是一樣。 We shall travel by night as well as by day. 我們白天、晚上都要趕路。 as well 在口語(yǔ)中用得很多，用法和 too 完全一樣，可以互換，通常位于句末。 如： She not only sings also plays the piano as well 她不但會(huì)唱歌，而且會(huì)彈鋼琴。 I can do it as well 這事我也能做。2. “see sb. do sth.”意思是“看見(jiàn)某人做過(guò)什么”，它強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作完成了，而“see sb. doing sth.” 意思是“看見(jiàn)某人正在做什么”，它強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。 例如: I saw him crossing the street. 我看見(jiàn)他正在過(guò)馬路。 I saw him cross the street. 我看見(jiàn)他過(guò)馬路了。 I heard him singing in the next room. 我聽(tīng)見(jiàn)他在隔壁唱歌。 I heard him sing in the next room. 我聽(tīng)見(jiàn)他在隔壁唱歌了。3. worth是一個(gè)只能作表語(yǔ)的形容詞，意為“值的”、“相當(dāng)于的價(jià)值的”。由于它類似介詞，須后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞（有被動(dòng)的含義）作賓語(yǔ)。 如： The used car is still worth $200 這輛二手車依然值200美元。 Is the exhibition worth a visitvisiting？ 這個(gè)展覽會(huì)值得去參觀嗎？ Its not worth getting angry with him 犯不著跟他生氣。 It isnt worth waiting for him. 不值得等他。4. when/while when 既可用于一點(diǎn)時(shí)間(從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需用終止性動(dòng)詞)， 也可用于一段時(shí)間(從句的動(dòng)詞用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞)， 從句與主句里面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)能同時(shí)發(fā)生或一先一后分別發(fā)生。 例如： He wants to help people when they are ill. 他想在人們生病時(shí)幫助他們。 When he got to Shanghai，the ship had already set off. 他到達(dá)上海時(shí)，輪船已經(jīng)開(kāi)走了。 while只能用于指一段時(shí)間(從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性的)，從句與主句里面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作只能同時(shí)發(fā)生， 不能一前一后發(fā)生。 例如： One day while they were working in the fields，some farmers saw something strange in the sky. 有一天，一些農(nóng)民在田間勞動(dòng)的時(shí)候，看見(jiàn)空中有些奇怪的東西。 While I was reading，my mother was washing clothes. 我讀書(shū)時(shí)，我媽媽在洗衣服。 這兩個(gè)詞還可以用作并列連詞。when 是“在那時(shí)”或“這時(shí)突然”(and just at that time)的意思， 用來(lái)連接兩個(gè)并列分句，有時(shí) when分句前有逗號(hào)把前后兩個(gè)分句分開(kāi)。 例如： An Arab was walking alone through the desert when he met two men. 有個(gè)阿拉伯人正獨(dú)自在沙漠里行走，這時(shí)他碰見(jiàn)了兩個(gè)人。 I stayed till sunset，when it began to rain. 我一直呆到太陽(yáng)下山， 天開(kāi)始下雨了。 while 意為“而，卻”，表示對(duì)照關(guān)系。 例如： Instead，he asked his father why he was not able to hatch chickens while hens could. 他反而問(wèn)他父親，為什么他不能孵出小雞，而母雞卻能。5. instead和instead of instead是副詞，意為“代替”，“頂替”，在句中作狀語(yǔ)。 例如： If you are busy，you may come another day instead 要是你忙的話，就改日再來(lái)吧。 He never studiesInstead，he plays all day and all night 他不學(xué)習(xí)，而整日整夜地玩。 instead of是介詞短語(yǔ)，表示“代替”的意義時(shí)，常常和in place of互換使用，其后?？捎妹~、代詞、動(dòng)名詞；instead of還含有“對(duì)比”的意思。 如： Give me that dictionary instead of this one把那本字典給我而不是這一本。（代替） I want to fly to Being instead of taking a train我想坐飛機(jī)去北京不想坐火車去（代替） This book is dull instead of interesting. 這本書(shū)不但無(wú)趣，反倒枯燥無(wú)味。（對(duì)比） In the morning，we get up early instead of late 早晨我們起早不起晚。（對(duì)比）6. be good for和be good at be good for意為“有益于”，“對(duì)有用”，后面接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞的-ing形式； be good at意為“在方面好”，“擅長(zhǎng)于”，后面也可接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞的-ing形式。 例如： This medicine is good for fever. 這種藥對(duì)治療發(fā)燒有效。 This kind of wood is good for making boxes. 這種木料適合用來(lái)做箱子。 He is good at English. 他英語(yǔ)學(xué)得好。 Tom is good at swimming. 湯姆很會(huì)游泳。7. tooto意為“太而不能”，表示否定。 如： He is too excited to say a word他激動(dòng)得一句話也說(shuō)不出來(lái)。 toonot to意為“太不能不”，表示肯定。 如： You are too angry not to say it你在氣憤之下，不免要說(shuō)出這樣的話來(lái)。 He is too careful not to have noticed it 他那么細(xì)心，不會(huì)不注意到這一點(diǎn)的。 This coffee is too hot not to drunk 咖啡不是太燙，可以喝。 not tooto意為“并非太而不能”，表示肯定。 如： His grandfather is not too old to do so他祖父并非老到不能做這事。二. 重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法. 直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)就是寫(xiě)成賓語(yǔ)從句或動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)，要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：人稱變化、時(shí)態(tài)變化、時(shí)間以及地點(diǎn)變化。在直接引語(yǔ)中在間接引語(yǔ)中指示代詞thisthesethatthose時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)nowtodayyesterdaylast weektomorrownext yeara few days agothenthat day the day beforethe week beforethe next daythe next yeara few days before地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)herethere動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)（不變）過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)動(dòng)詞變化will/may/canmustcomebringwould/might/couldhad togotake1. 直接引語(yǔ)是陳述句，變成間接引語(yǔ)，由連詞that 引導(dǎo)。 例如： The teacher said，“ I am very happy to hear the news.” The teacher said that he was very happy to hear the news. （注意人稱、時(shí)態(tài)的變化）2. 直接引語(yǔ)是一般、選擇或反問(wèn)疑問(wèn)句，變成間接引語(yǔ)，由連詞whether或if 引導(dǎo)。 例如： He asked me，“Are you free tomorrow?” He asked me if/whether I was free the next day. （注意人稱、時(shí)態(tài)及時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的變化）3. 直接引語(yǔ)是特殊疑問(wèn)句，變成間接引語(yǔ)，由相應(yīng)的疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)，如who，whom，what，whose，how，when， why，where等。 例如： Jenny asked me，“ Where is Mary from?”Jenny asked me where Mary was from. (注意：間接引語(yǔ)一定要用陳述句的語(yǔ)序，即主、謂、賓的順序。)4. 直接引語(yǔ)是祈使句，變成間接引語(yǔ)，把動(dòng)詞原形變成動(dòng)詞不定式，并在動(dòng)詞不定前加tell，ask，order的賓語(yǔ)。 例如： “Be careful”，the teacher said. The teacher told us to be careful. My teacher asked me， “ Dont laugh.”My teacher asked me not to laugh. (注意：否定句，在動(dòng)詞不定式前加not)5. 直接引語(yǔ)是客觀事實(shí)、永恒真理，變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。 例如： They told their son，“The earth goes round the sun.” They told their son that the earth goes round the sun. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間1. 用be doing表示將來(lái)：主要意義是表示按計(jì)劃、安排即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常用于位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動(dòng)詞，如：go，come，leave，arrive等，也可用于其他動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞。 如：We are having fish for dinner. 我們晚飯吃魚(yú)。We are moving to a different hotel the day after tomorrow. 后天我們會(huì)去另外一個(gè)旅館。 這種用法通常帶有表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，如果不帶時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，則根據(jù)上下文可表示最近即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 A: Where are you going? B: I am going for a walk. Are you coming with me? A: Yes，I am just coming. Wait for me.2. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)和用be going to 表示將來(lái)意思比較接近，但是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)更強(qiáng)調(diào)事先已安排好，即將去做的事情， 而be going to 一般只表示打算做某事，有做某事的意圖。我們來(lái)看兩個(gè)例子： 如： She is having a meeting at 9 tomorrow. 她明天早晨9點(diǎn)有個(gè)會(huì)。 We are leaving for London next week. 我們下周出發(fā)去倫敦。 這兩個(gè)句子里就是用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)已經(jīng)安排好要做的事情。三. 檢測(cè)練習(xí). 選詞填空。用方框中所給詞或詞組的適當(dāng)形式填空，每個(gè)詞或詞組只能使用一次。old，win，see，how long，with，in，be1. _ the help of our teacher，weve made great progress.2.“What can _ from the space?”“Sorry，I don t know.”3. Zhaozhou Bridge is the _ stone bridge in the world.4. He has_ away for half an hour.5. I don t think it easy for us _ the football match.6. The lady _ red is going to get married soon.7.“_ will the hot weather last?”“I hope not too long.”. 單項(xiàng)選擇。從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇最佳選項(xiàng)。1. I was reading a newspaper _ he came in.A. as soon as B. since C. while D. when2. Bill isnt here. Hes late _.A. usually B. as usually C. so usual D. as usual3. He was ill but _.A. refused to leave his office B. asked for leave C. asked for help D. asked his boss for half a days leave4. This shirt is so nice，but it _ too much.A. pays B. costsC. takes D. spends5. What interesting book it is！A. a B. an C. the D. /6. Li Ming is a new student in our class. He _ here for only a month.A. has come B. has been C. came D. was7. This is a busy street，we see buses _ all the time.A. came and went B. to come and go C. come and go D. comes and goes8. While she _，she cut herself.A. was cookingB. cookedC. had cookedD. cooks9. -You look tired，Sue. -Yes. I _ last night.A. didnt sleep well B. haven t slept well C. hadnt slept wellD. dont sleep well10. David often gets first in exams，but this time he _ some of his classmates.A. fell behind B. fell down C. fell overD. fell off. 閱讀理解。根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇最佳選項(xiàng)。Chess must be one of the oldest games in the world. An Arab traveler in India in the year 900 wrote that it was place “l(fā)ong ago”. Chess was probably invented in India，and it has been played everywhere from Japan to Europe since 1400. The name“chess”is interesting. When one player is attacking the others king，he says，in English，“check”. When the king has been caught and cannot move anywhere，he says，“checkmate”. These words come from Persian.“Shah mat”means“the king is dead”. That is when the game is over，and one player has won.Such an old game changes very slowly. The rules have not always been the same as they are now. For example，at one time the queen could only move one square at a time. Now she is the strongest piece on the board. It could be interesting to know why this has happened! Chess takes time and thought，but it is a game for all kinds of people. You dont have to be a champion(冠軍) in order to enjoy it. It is not always played by two people sitting at the same table. The first time the Americans beat the Russians was in a match played by radio. Some of the chess masters are able to play among many people at the same time. The record was when one man played 400 games! It is said that some people play chess by post. This must take chess the slowest game in the world.1. Which of the following is known to be true?A. Chess is an old Indian traveling game. B. Chess is the oldest game in the world.C. Chess was played in Japan and Europe before 1400.D. Chess was played in India before 900.2. One player has won the game when _.A. he attacks the other players king B. he says some Persian wordsC. the other players king can not move anywhere D. he says “check” to the other player3. Which of the following is NOT correct?A. All kinds of people can play chess sitting at the same table.B. Only two people can play chess sitting at the same table.C. Some people write to each other playing chess.D. The Russian lost the game played by radio.4. According to the old rule of the game _.A. the queen was the strongest piece on the board B. the king had to be attacked all the timeC. the queen could move no more than one square at a timeD. The chess was a game only for the queen. 完形填空。通讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇能填入相應(yīng)空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。It was Monday. Mrs. Smiths dog was 1， but there was not any meat in the house. Thinking that there was no 2 way，Mrs. Smith took a piece of paper，and wrote the following words 3 it:“Give my dog half a pound of meat.”Then she gave the paper to her dog and said: “4 this to the butcher(賣肉者)，and hes going to give you your lunch today.”5 the piece of paper in its mouth，the dog ran to the butchers shop. It gave the paper to the butcher. The butcher read it 6，recognized(辨認(rèn)) that it was 7 the ladys handwriting and soon did 8 he was asked to. The dog was very happy，and ate the meat up at once.At midday，the dog came to the shop again. It gave the butcher a piece of paper again. After reading it，he gave half a pound of meat 9.The next day，the dog came again just at midday. And as usual，it brought a piece of paper in the mouth. This time，the butcher did not take a look at the paper，and gave the dog10 meat，for he had regarded the dog as one of his customers(顧客).But，the dog came again at four oclock. And the same thing happened once again，To the butchers surprise，it came for the third time at six oclock. The butcher 11 puzzled(疑惑). He said to himself，“This is a small dog. Why does Mrs. Smith give it so much meat to eat today?”Looking 12 the piece of paper，he found that there were not any words there.1. A. hungry B. thirsty C. hot D. ill2. A. another B. other C. others D. the other3. A. under B. in C. on D. above4. A. Take B. Bring C. Get D. Carry5. A. Picking B. Having C. Dropping D. Holding6. A. carefully B. quietly C. slowly D. clearly7. A. possiblyB. really C. exactly D. strongly8. A. when B. like C. as D. after9. A. too B. also C. again D. either10. A. its B. his C. himself D. it11. A. felt B. turned C. stayed D. kept12. A. at B. for C. into D. up. 根據(jù)適號(hào)內(nèi)的要求，完成下列句型轉(zhuǎn)換：1. The baby has four meals a day.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)） _ _ meals a day _ the baby _?2. Linda is watching carefully.（改為感嘆句） _ _ _ _ watching!3. The children stopped playing. They saw the teacher coming in.（合并成一個(gè)復(fù)合句） The children stopped playing _ _ _ they saw the teacher coming in.4. Mr Li said something at the meeting.（改為一般疑問(wèn)句） _ Mr Li _ _ at the