新目標(biāo)英語七年級(jí)下冊u(píng)nit4知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)

unit 4 Dont eat in class.Section A1. arrive late for 遲到，側(cè)重到達(dá)的時(shí)間晚 be late for 遲到 側(cè)重于狀態(tài) arrive late for class/school. = be late for class/school. 上課/上學(xué)遲到2. on time準(zhǔn)時(shí) 按規(guī)定時(shí)間或指定時(shí)間做某事 不早不晚 in time及時(shí) 不遲到或在規(guī)定時(shí)間之前或接近所規(guī)定時(shí)間做某事 沒有遲到，時(shí)間還充裕 He always go to school on time.他總是按時(shí)上學(xué)。 Fireman reached the house on fire in time.消防員及時(shí)趕到那幢失火的房子。3. 祈使句 表示請(qǐng)求，命令或建議 祈使句無主語，主語you常省去，動(dòng)詞原形謂語當(dāng), 句首加dont否定變 朗讀應(yīng)當(dāng)用降調(diào),句末常標(biāo)感嘆號(hào)。 肯定的祈使句(1) 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞原形+其他 Have a seat here. 請(qǐng)這邊坐。(2) be動(dòng)詞原形+形容詞+其他 Be a good boy!(3) Let sb do sth. Let me help you. 讓我來幫你。(4) 有的祈使句在意思明確的情況下,動(dòng)詞可省略。This way, please. = Go this way, please. 請(qǐng)這邊走 否定的祈使句(1) Dont+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞+原形 Dont forget me! 不要忘記我! (2) Dont be+形容詞+其他 Dont be late for school! 上學(xué)不要遲到! (3) Dont let sb do sth Let +賓語+ not + 動(dòng)詞原形+其它成分 Dont let him go. / Let him not go. 別讓他走。 (4) No+Ving. No smoking! 禁止吸煙! No fishing! 禁止釣魚4. hear listen sound 聽 hear聽說側(cè)重于聽的內(nèi)容 Im sorry to hear that you are ill. 聽說你生病了我很難過。 I never heard such an interesting story. 我從來沒聽過這么有趣的一個(gè)故事。 listen 聽側(cè)重于聽的動(dòng)作 Listen to me carefully. 認(rèn)真聽我說。 sound聽起來它是系動(dòng)詞后面接形容詞等 That sounds great. 那聽起來真不錯(cuò)。 5. fight v打架、打仗 過去式fought.(1)fight for為而斗爭，后面常接抽象名詞，表示為事業(yè)、自由等而斗爭 目的 They are fighting for freedom.他們正為自由而戰(zhàn)。(2) fight against為反對(duì)而戰(zhàn)斗，后接事物名詞、人和國家名詞。 They fought against the enemy.他們和敵人作戰(zhàn)。(3)fight with 和打架，同（并肩）戰(zhàn)斗，對(duì)抗，后只接表示人或國家的名詞。 Dont fight with him.不要和他打架。(4) fight about 為.爭吵 吵架的原因6.take, bring take 帶走，拿走指把東西從說話地帶到別的地方 Can you help me to take the books to the classroom?你能幫我把這些書帶到教室里去嗎？ bring帶來 指把東西從別處帶到說話地7. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞have to的用法(1)側(cè)重于客觀上的必要，必須 不得不做某事 和其他情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的區(qū)別在于其有人稱的變化。(2)肯定句：sb +have/has to+動(dòng)詞原形。 主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)用 has to，其他人稱用have to. He has to work on Sunday.他不得不在周日工作。(3)否定句：sb +dont/doesnt have to+動(dòng)詞原形。 主語為第三人稱單數(shù)用doesnt have to，其他人稱dont have to.He doesnt have to leave now.(4) Does/Do+sb+have to+動(dòng)詞原形？Yes,do/does. No, dont/doesnt. 主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)用does提問,其他人稱用do提問.Section B1. practice 練習(xí) practice doing sth practice (playing) the piano 練習(xí)彈鋼琴 Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧2. help v 幫助 help sb (to) do sth幫助某人做某事 help sb with sth(n.)幫助某人做某事 help oneself(myself/yourself/herself) to+n.請(qǐng)隨便用 help n 幫助 不可數(shù) I often help him with his lessons.我常幫他學(xué)功課。 Please help yourselves to some fruit.請(qǐng)隨便吃些水果。3. on school days在上學(xué)的日子 on school nights在校期間的晚上 4. too mang,too much與much too易混詞組意義及用法例句too many形容詞 太，太多 接可數(shù)名詞There are too many people in the park.too much形容詞，太多，接不可數(shù)名詞I have too much homework today.much too副詞，太，非常接形容詞或副詞My mother is much too busy.5. strict adj 嚴(yán)格的；嚴(yán)厲的 常與be動(dòng)詞連用(1)be strict with sb 對(duì)某人嚴(yán)厲 Mr. White is very strict with us. 懷特先生對(duì)我們要求很嚴(yán)格。 (2)be strict in (doing) sth 對(duì)某事要求嚴(yán)格 Our boss is strict in our work. 我們的老板對(duì)我們的工作要求嚴(yán)格。6. remember forget (1)remember 記得，記住，及物動(dòng)詞，可以直接加名詞 remember doing sth記得已做某事（已做） I remember seeing him once.我記得見過他一次。(2)remember to do sth 記得要做某事（還沒做） Remember to post the letter for me.記得給我寄這封信。(3) forget 忘記，忘了，作remember反義詞時(shí)，用法和remember相同。7. follow v 遵守，遵循；跟隨 follow the rules遵守規(guī)則 follow sb to do sth 跟著某人做某事8. 穿校服：單數(shù)：wear a uniform 復(fù)數(shù)：wear uniforms school rules 學(xué)校規(guī)章制度 9.keep (1)keep +形容詞 連系動(dòng)詞 (2)keep+sth/sb +形容詞 使.保持某種狀態(tài) (3)keep +doing 一直做某事 (4)keep . from doing . 阻止做某事. (5)飼養(yǎng) keep a pet 飼養(yǎng)一個(gè)寵物 (6)保管，保存=borrow keep this book(7)遵守=follow keep this rule10.learn(1)learn to do sth學(xué)（做某事）(2)learn from. 向.學(xué)習(xí)(3)learn by oneself=teach oneself 自學(xué)(4)Its never too old to learn. 活到老學(xué)到老11. some通常用在肯定句中,而any用在疑問句和否定句中 some有時(shí)也可以用在疑問句中，主要有以下幾種情況:(1) 在表示請(qǐng)求的疑問句中。 Could we have some bottles of orange juice, please?我們來幾瓶橘汁,好嗎? May I ask you some questions? 我可以問你幾個(gè)問題嗎?(2)在表示建議的疑問句中。 Would you like some bags of milk? 你想要幾袋牛奶嗎? Shall we have some rice for supper? 晚飯我們吃米飯,好嗎?(3)在表示說話人盼望得到肯定答復(fù)的疑問句中。 Can you see some birds in the tree? 你能看見樹上有些鳥嗎?(4)用在表示反問的疑問句中。 Cant you see some apples on the tree? 難道你看不到樹上有些蘋果嗎?12.either,too與also易混詞意義及用法例句either“也”，用于否定句中，置于句末時(shí)用“，”隔開I wont go there,either.too“也”，用于肯定句句末，用“，”隔開I like dancing,too.also“也”，用于肯定句句中I also like English.13. 祈使句（Imperative Sentence）(1)定義：表達(dá)命令、請(qǐng)求、勸告、警告、禁止等的句子，祈使句常用于表達(dá)命令，也常稱為命令句。(2)祈使句因?qū)ο螅粗髡Z）是第二人稱，所以通常省略。祈使句的動(dòng)詞都為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，句末則使用句 號(hào)或感嘆號(hào)來表示結(jié)束。(3)肯定句：行為動(dòng)詞原形+其他 Go and wash your hands.去洗你的手。命令 Be quiet, please.= Please be quiet.請(qǐng)安靜。請(qǐng)求 Be kind to our sister.對(duì)姐妹要和善。勸告 Watch your steps.走路小心。警告 Look out！Danger！小心！危險(xiǎn)！強(qiáng)烈警告，已如感嘆句 Keep off the grass.勿踐草坪。禁止 No parking.禁止停車。