高考英語(yǔ)完形填空講解示范課課件.ppt

,Howtodoclozetests?,完形填空,做完形的時(shí)候你有以下問(wèn)題嗎？,煩慢錯(cuò)不得不做，硬著頭皮做，還是錯(cuò),完形填空考查的是對(duì)學(xué)生的綜合語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力，但是每一個(gè)空格的設(shè)置并不是隨心所欲的，命題人主要通過(guò)上下文暗示出的某種信息來(lái)保證答案的正確性和唯一性?？忌鷳?yīng)該通過(guò)上下文的暗示獲取解題信息，留意暗送的“秋波”，也就是：關(guān)鍵詞,出題者的初衷,自戀一回找“秋波”,一.利用首句信息，推測(cè)語(yǔ)篇主旨,完形填空所選短文的第一句通常為主題句，一般不設(shè)空。,例1,Bodylanguageisthequiet,secretandmostpowerfullanguageofall!Itspeaks36thanwords.Accordingtospecialists,ourbodiessendoutmore37thanwerealize.36.A.straighterB.louderC.harderD.further37.A.soundsB.invitationsC.feelingsD.messages,二.尋找暗示信息，重視語(yǔ)境意義,上下文？所謂上下文就是對(duì)語(yǔ)境的考查，包括文章語(yǔ)氣的一致性、意思的連貫性、表述的合理性、論證的邏輯性等。,context,.“Hesa49man.”theclerkatthecountersaid.Mostofuswouldgiveupifwewereblindedatsuchayoungage.49.A.braveB.roughC.smartD.generous,giveup,blinded,例2,例3Laterthatdayathome,Ibeganto39considermyteethagain.Ifeltupset.Ithoughtmylifewouldbesomehowbetterifmyteethwerenotgappy.HowIwanttheperfectteeththateveryoneelseseemedtohave!ofcourse,Mom40noticedeverything.Shehaslivedherentirelifewithgappyteeth,andtriedtoconvincemethattherewasnothingto4141A.worryaboutB.putoffC.giveupD.wipeout,三.運(yùn)用習(xí)慣搭配，辨析詞義，熟悉常見(jiàn)句型,完形填空的四個(gè)備選項(xiàng)，往往和空格前后的單詞形成某種搭配。首先要注意詞義深層內(nèi)涵的區(qū)別。動(dòng)詞的搭配出現(xiàn)的尤其多，往往涉及到動(dòng)詞與名詞、介詞或副詞的搭配。,例4“Igrewuponahundred-acrefarmandhadonlycats37playmates”Kruger,theseventy-year-oldman,says.“Myhearingwasdamagedbythe38noiseoffarmequipment,soIlearnedtoconnectwith39animals.Theyreacttowhattheyseeandwhatyoudo.”37.A.likeB.asC.exceptD.among,例5ThemostvaluablelessonIgainedfromstudyinginFrancewasntjusttorespecttheFrenchpeople19torespectallpeople,foryournextbestfriendcouldbejustacontinentaway.19.A.andB.butC.orD.so,not,notbut不是而是,四.識(shí)別語(yǔ)篇標(biāo)志，理清邏輯關(guān)系。,有些題目單純從句子或個(gè)別段落來(lái)看，或許四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都正確，但一旦放入全文，則只有一個(gè)“最佳”答案，所以快速瀏覽全文，領(lǐng)悟文章主旨，把握句與句、段與段之間的邏輯關(guān)系，通過(guò)上下文的語(yǔ)境來(lái)選擇答案，是做好完形填空的關(guān)鍵。,例6Itried23pickinguptrash(垃圾)myself,butthejobwastoobig.Iwould24spendanhourortwoonthejob,onlytofindtheareatrashedalloveragainweekslater.Finally,Igotso25itthatIdecidedsomethinghadtochange.25.A.satisfiedwithB.delightedinC.tiredofD.usedto,例7EllaFantwasamiddleagedladywholivedwithheronlysonJohninasmallhouse.She1Johnverymuch.Inhereyeshecouldntdoanything2.A.dependedonB.waitedonC.trustedD.loved2.A.wrongB.greatC.goodD.strange,五.運(yùn)用生活常識(shí)和文化背景知識(shí)解題。,解答完形填空的一個(gè)重要準(zhǔn)則就是“合情合理”，選項(xiàng)要符合客觀實(shí)際，切不可違背生活常識(shí)。,例8SinceIhatedtobe41(inaccurate),IwentbacktoMr.Johnsonandaskedhimto42(fix)andodometer(里程表)onmybicycle.Heagreed,but43(added),“Anodometerwithoutaspeedometer(速度計(jì))islikea44withoutaknife.”Iadmittedhewasrightandinafewminutes,thetwodevices（裝置）were45attachedtothehandlebarsofmybicycle.44.ApencilB.forkC.boxD.cake,六.運(yùn)用語(yǔ)法知識(shí)解題。,在最近幾年的高考完形填空試題中，雖然很少涉及語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，但是并不意味著不考查語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。復(fù)合句是高考語(yǔ)法的考查重點(diǎn)。,例9Wedonthavetotellchildren55theyshouldtakefromthestoryandwhatthemoralis.55.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.whom,tellsb.sth.takevt.,7.利用原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，尋找近義詞語(yǔ),完形填空試題中，有些詞語(yǔ)常常重復(fù)出現(xiàn)在語(yǔ)篇中。要學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用與選項(xiàng)意義緊密相連的同義詞或近義詞。,例10IfellinlovewithYosemiteNationalParkthefirsttimeIsawit,whenIwas13.Myparentstookusthereforcamping.Onthewayout,IaskedthemtowaitwhileIranuptoELCapitan,a16rockof3,300feetstraightup.Itouchedthatgiantrockandknew17(immediately)Iwantedtoclimbit.Thathasbeenmylifespassion(鐘愛(ài))eversince-18therocksandmountainsofYosemite.16.A.distantB.hugeC.narrowD.loose18.A.imaginingB.paintingC.describingD.climbing,1.thefirstsentence首句2.context上下文語(yǔ)境3.worddistinctionsorcollocations詞語(yǔ)辨析和固定搭配4.outwardsignsofthepassage語(yǔ)篇標(biāo)志語(yǔ)5.culturalbackgroundandcommonsense文化背景和常識(shí)6.grammar語(yǔ)法,sixmethods,鞏固練習(xí)（12分鐘）,Checktheanswers:16-20CDABA21-25BCDBA26-30CDCBA31-40ABACD,考查的單詞短語(yǔ),1.order預(yù)訂；訂單；命令；次序2.meetwith遇見(jiàn)3.bringup撫養(yǎng)；提出4.workout設(shè)計(jì)出；計(jì)算出；理解；產(chǎn)生結(jié)果5.app