筆譯第十三篇中文摘要翻譯

1、1 / 10 文檔可自由編輯打印第十三章 中文摘要翻譯教學(xué)目的：通過(guò)對(duì)比分析，了解中文摘要的表述特點(diǎn), 以及常用的語(yǔ)言轉(zhuǎn)換方式。教學(xué)重點(diǎn)：如何翻譯中文摘要。教學(xué)方式：討論、比較法、分析法、多媒體教學(xué)。摘要是根據(jù)論文各部分要點(diǎn)按照摘要體裁規(guī)范而擬定的短文，是論文內(nèi)容的濃縮。摘要翻譯其質(zhì)量的優(yōu)劣直接影響文件的檢索和信息、成果的傳播語(yǔ)交流。摘要大致分三種：信息型摘要、描述型摘要和評(píng)價(jià)型摘要，通常包括：背景、目的、方法、結(jié)果、結(jié)論等（由于字?jǐn)?shù)限制，背景句甚至目的句都可以省略）。背景句：介紹研究的背景、現(xiàn)狀和問(wèn)題；目的句：敘述研究的前提、目的、任務(wù)和所涉及的主題范圍；方法句：陳述研究所使用的原理、手段、

2、程序等；結(jié)果句：陳述研究的結(jié)果、效果、數(shù)據(jù)、性能等；結(jié)論句：陳述對(duì)研究結(jié)果地分析、比較、應(yīng)用，或根據(jù)結(jié)果提出問(wèn)題、建議、預(yù)測(cè)等。摘要的翻譯應(yīng)準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤地反映原文內(nèi)容，不能疏漏，否則將降低摘要的參考價(jià)值。英文摘要中應(yīng)盡量避免使用縮略語(yǔ)，如有必要，應(yīng)在首次使用時(shí)，加括號(hào)注明。2 / 10 文檔可自由編輯打印131 論翻譯選擇的目的性摘要：翻譯過(guò)程是一個(gè)涉及多種選擇的復(fù)雜過(guò)程，而每一次翻譯行為和參與者所做出的種種選擇都是諸多層次的目的決定的。本文首先介紹了翻譯的目的論，提出了翻譯目的的多層次性，然后通過(guò)對(duì)翻譯過(guò)程中各種層面選擇的詳細(xì)分析，指出針對(duì)翻譯行為的一切選擇無(wú)不有其內(nèi)在的目的性。文章還借助翻譯活

3、動(dòng)中的若干典型實(shí)例，說(shuō)明翻譯過(guò)程中的選擇以及翻譯行為的目的都要受到文本外諸多因素的影響與制約。關(guān)鍵詞：翻譯；選擇；層次性；目的論On the Purposiveness of Selection in TranslationAbstract: The process of translation is complex and involves various selections. Each translation action and the selection involved are regulated or directed by purpose at different levels

4、. This paper begins with an introduction of skopos theory. Then, it puts forward the idea of “multi-leveledness of translation purpose”and, through the method of detailed analysis, it highlights the inherent purposiveness of all selections necessitated by translation actions. Furthermore, the paper

5、employs concrete and representative example of translation activities to bring out the point that the selections made in the process of translation and 3 / 10 文檔可自由編輯打印purpose behind every single translation action are both influenced and constrained by a variety of extratextual factors.Key words: t

6、ranslation; selection; hierarchy; skopos theory 132 記憶與英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)摘要：從信息處理模型的角度看，記憶在語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)中占有中心的地位。本文從感覺(jué)記錄器、短時(shí)記憶和長(zhǎng)時(shí)記憶三個(gè)方面，討論了一些語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)的技巧和策略；通過(guò)增加可理解度以優(yōu)化輸入；通過(guò)建立聯(lián)系、激活圖式、注意關(guān)鍵詞、利用外部?jī)?chǔ)存的方法來(lái)加速語(yǔ)言處理；組織好包括陳述性知識(shí)和程序性知識(shí)在內(nèi)的知識(shí)系統(tǒng)，以實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)化。關(guān)鍵詞：記憶；可理解輸入；圖式； 陳述式知識(shí)；程序性知識(shí)Abstract: Memory plays a central role in language learning in t

7、erms of the information processing model. This paper tries to look at some language learning techniques and strategies from three different perspectives: sensory register, short-term (working) memory, and long-term memory; optimize the input by increasing its comprehensibility; accelerate language p

8、rocessing by creating association, activating schemata, focusing on the key words, and making use of external storage; better organize our knowledge system including declarative and procedural 4 / 10 文檔可自由編輯打印knowledge so as to effect automation.Key words: memory; comprehensible input; schemata; dec

9、larative knowledge; procedural knowledge133 外語(yǔ)思維與母語(yǔ)思維摘要：傳統(tǒng)的外語(yǔ)教學(xué)要求掌握外語(yǔ)要用外語(yǔ)思維，但長(zhǎng)期實(shí)踐的結(jié)果表明這種教學(xué)法的效果并不盡如人意。外語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)能不能利用母語(yǔ)思維也是一個(gè)值得探討的問(wèn)題。本文從心理語(yǔ)言學(xué)的角度，從語(yǔ)言具有共同性及語(yǔ)言和思維的關(guān)系出發(fā)，分析了外語(yǔ)教學(xué)的現(xiàn)狀，指出母語(yǔ)思維在外語(yǔ)教學(xué)中應(yīng)有的作用。關(guān)鍵詞：心理語(yǔ)言學(xué)；外語(yǔ)思維；母語(yǔ)思維；外語(yǔ)教學(xué)Abstract: Traditional foreign language teaching aims at the way of thinking in foreign la

10、nguage in order to master it. However, long-time practice proves that this teaching method is not very satisfactory. Whether the way of thinking in native language can be made used of in foreign language teaching is also a problem worthy to be explored. Based on the theory of psycholinguistics, chie

11、fly the common characteristics of all languages and the relationship between language and thinking, this 5 / 10 文檔可自由編輯打印paper analyses the current situation in foreign language teaching and points out the functions the way of thinking in native language should have in foreign language teaching.Key

12、word: psycholinguistics; the way of thinking in native language; the way of thinking in foreign language; foreign language teaching.13.4 原作意圖與翻譯策略摘要：意圖主宰語(yǔ)篇制作策略及其形式。由于文化差異，同一話語(yǔ)意圖在原語(yǔ)與譯語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)篇形式上很可能不一致。譯者應(yīng)在正確認(rèn)知原作意圖的前提下，以實(shí)現(xiàn)譯文的預(yù)期功能作為翻譯策略的準(zhǔn)則，采用恰當(dāng)?shù)淖g文語(yǔ)篇形式準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)原作意義，以有效實(shí)現(xiàn)翻譯目的。根據(jù)這一準(zhǔn)則，譯者即使對(duì)原文語(yǔ)篇進(jìn)行必要的刪減和改寫(xiě)也不失為一種行之有效的

13、翻譯方法，而這些方法如何使用何時(shí)使用又有賴于譯者的語(yǔ)言文化功底和翻譯能力。關(guān)鍵詞：原作意圖；譯文預(yù)期功能；翻譯策略 Source Text Intention and Translation StrategyAbstract: A writers intention determines the textual strategies and the 6 / 10 文檔可自由編輯打印form he/she uses. Due to cultural differences, however, the target text will not always follow the same patt

14、ern as the source text, even though the target text seeks to convey the same discourse intention. This being the case, the translator, having understood the source text intention, should adopt the appropriate textual form to bring out the source text meaning. For it is only when the translation can

15、achieve its intended function that the purpose of translation can be successfully realized. Under this principle, it is also not unwise for a translator to adopt flexibly the techniques of “adaptation” or “omission”. How and when these techniques are to be used are, of course, dependent on the trans

16、lators linguistic proficiency, cultural literacy and translation competence.Key words: source text intention; intended function of target text; translation strategy135 后殖民主義語(yǔ)境下的當(dāng)代澳大利亞文學(xué)摘要：近20多年來(lái)，澳大利亞文壇出現(xiàn)了白人文化、移民文化和土著文化的“多元文化狂歡”景象。本文以彼得(凱里等代表性作家的小說(shuō)為切入點(diǎn)，結(jié)合后殖民文化批評(píng)理論，多視角解讀這一文學(xué)奇觀，從而彰顯其深植于本文之中的政治隱喻。關(guān)鍵詞：殖民

17、歷史；白人文學(xué)；移民文學(xué)；7 / 10 文檔可自由編輯打印土著文學(xué)；文化身份Contemporary Australian Literature in Postcolonial ContextAbstract: Over the last twenty years, there has appeared “multicultural carnival” of white culture, immigrant culture, and aboriginal culture in Australian literary world. This paper, applying post-coloni

18、al cultural theories to novels of representative writers like Peter Careys, etc., is an attempt to interpret this unique literary phenomenon from various dimensions, revealing political metaphors embodied in texts.Key words: colonial history; white culture; immigrant culture; aboriginal culture; cul

19、tural identity中文摘要英譯基本句型：In this paper, is discussed / we discuss from the perspective of . This paper, applying to ，is an attempt to The present study analyzes / introducesby comparing The findings show that the problem is worthy to be explored.The study shows that Thus it is suggestedThis article

20、explores on the basis of In this paper, is reviewed / studied 8 / 10 文檔可自由編輯打印This paper aims to explore /aims at introducing from the perspective of based on in terms of Based upon these analysis, this paper then continues to from a variable range of possibilities , with its emphasis on This paper

21、offers a critique of , and argues that（本文從批評(píng)入手，指出了）Taking the approach of a case study, this paper uses （本文以為個(gè)案進(jìn)行分析）This paper argues /analyzes thatand points outThe author attempts to explain, from the angle of pragmatics, The author also points outaccordingly the author puts forwardThis paper deal

22、s with the concept of From the angle of the author examines and explores（本文以為視角，探討指出.）This paper is a systematic introduction to (本文系統(tǒng)地介紹了)This paper, from the point of view of translation, discusses problems concerning the definition of （文章從翻譯的角度探討了.）Starting fromthis paper discussesIt first discus

23、sesIt then elaboratesIt concludes that9 / 10 文檔可自由編輯打印This article seeks to explain the concept offrom a (philosophical) point of view. It arguesThe thesis focuses on /centers on the research ofWe find thatThis paper is a further research onThe research focuses onWith the facts of, the paper explain

24、sand then points outThis paper discusses the nature offrom various angles. Having explored the paper not only makes an attempt tobut also puts forwardIn view of.this paper puts forward /advances that Considering, this paper also makes a few suggestions on how toWith the aid of (theories), and from the perspective of this paper probe into(本文借助（理論）從入手）This paper makes some theoretical and empirical analys