助動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞ppt課件

1、助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞 助動(dòng)詞本身沒有實(shí)踐意義，不能獨(dú)立構(gòu)成謂語，可表示時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)或構(gòu)成否認(rèn)及疑問方式。 常見的助動(dòng)詞有： be , have , do , will , shallbe類助動(dòng)詞類助動(dòng)詞1)be1)be類助動(dòng)詞有哪些？類助動(dòng)詞有哪些？ am , is , are , was , were , am , is , are , was , were , been been 2)2)請(qǐng)按時(shí)態(tài)或語態(tài)把上面的詞分類。請(qǐng)按時(shí)態(tài)或語態(tài)把上面的詞分類。1.1.普通如今時(shí)：普通如今時(shí)：2.2.普經(jīng)過去時(shí)：普經(jīng)過去時(shí)：3.3.完成時(shí)態(tài)：完成時(shí)態(tài)：4.4.被動(dòng)語態(tài)：被動(dòng)語態(tài)： am , is , arewas

2、 , werebeenAll of them.3)含有含有be類助動(dòng)詞的句子該如何變否認(rèn)類助動(dòng)詞的句子該如何變否認(rèn)句？句？ They were watching TV when we got there. They watching TV when we got there.4)普通疑問該如何變？普通疑問該如何變？ We are doing our lessons now. Are you doing your lessons now.werenthave類助動(dòng)詞類助動(dòng)詞1)have類助動(dòng)詞有哪些？類助動(dòng)詞有哪些？ have , has , had , having2)have類助動(dòng)詞與過去分

3、詞構(gòu)成完成時(shí)。類助動(dòng)詞與過去分詞構(gòu)成完成時(shí)。My uncle has come back home.Before we went home,we had had a little rest.Having done the work,we had a bath.will類助動(dòng)詞類助動(dòng)詞1)will 1)will 類助動(dòng)詞有哪些？類助動(dòng)詞有哪些？ will , would , shall , should will , would , shall , should 2)2)這類動(dòng)詞后加這類動(dòng)詞后加_,_,構(gòu)成未來時(shí)態(tài)。構(gòu)成未來時(shí)態(tài)。 There will be more trees in one

4、There will be more trees in one hundred years.hundred years.3)3)留意：留意：shall shall 僅用于第一人稱。僅用于第一人稱。 I shall be fifteen years old I shall be fifteen years old next birthday.next birthday.動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形do類助動(dòng)詞類助動(dòng)詞1)1)這類助動(dòng)詞有哪些？這類助動(dòng)詞有哪些？ do , does , did do , does , did 2)2)這類動(dòng)詞與行為動(dòng)詞一同構(gòu)成否認(rèn)句這類動(dòng)詞與行為動(dòng)詞一同構(gòu)成否認(rèn)句和疑問句。和

5、疑問句。 Do you enjoy living in China?Do you enjoy living in China? Does your sister like playing Does your sister like playing basketall?basketall?He didnt watch TV last night.He didnt watch TV last night. 情情 態(tài)態(tài) 動(dòng)動(dòng) 詞詞1.請(qǐng)回想他所學(xué)過的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。請(qǐng)回想他所學(xué)過的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。 can/could , may/might , must , have to , need , shall/sho

6、uld , will/ would2.他知道他們是什么意思嗎？他知道他們是什么意思嗎？ can表表_, may _ must _推測(cè)有把握推測(cè)有把握 should _, would _ , have to _表客觀表客觀才干才干答應(yīng)答應(yīng)必需必需應(yīng)該應(yīng)該愿愿被迫被迫這么多情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，他知道這么用嗎？這么多情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，他知道這么用嗎？can, could can, could 的用法的用法 cancan在以下句子中分別是什么用法？在以下句子中分別是什么用法？意思？意思？ 1) Can you play basketball? 1) Can you play basketball? 2) Li Hua

7、cant be in the 2) Li Hua cant be in the classroom.classroom. 3) You can go now.3) You can go now.表才干，意為表才干，意為“能，會(huì)能，會(huì)表示疑心，猜測(cè)，常用于否認(rèn)句和疑問句中表示疑心，猜測(cè)，常用于否認(rèn)句和疑問句中表示答應(yīng)，意為表示答應(yīng)，意為“可以相當(dāng)于可以相當(dāng)于may4)Can I play with the toy now, Mum?2.could是是can的過去式，可以表示過去的過去式，可以表示過去的才干。的才干。 I could swim when I was seven.3.以以can開頭的

8、普通疑問句，其一定和開頭的普通疑問句，其一定和否認(rèn)回答分別是否認(rèn)回答分別是can和和cant;以以could開頭的普通疑問句，其一定和否認(rèn)回開頭的普通疑問句，其一定和否認(rèn)回答分別是答分別是could和和couldnt.表示建議、懇求常用于疑問句表示建議、懇求常用于疑問句may,might 的用法的用法1.may在以下句子中分別是什么用法？在以下句子中分別是什么用法？意思？意思？1)He may come tomorrow.表示推測(cè)，意為表示推測(cè)，意為“能夠；也許，能夠；也許， 用于一定句用于一定句2)You may go now. 表示答應(yīng)表示答應(yīng)3)May I borrow your boo

9、k?表示懇求、答應(yīng)，意為表示懇求、答應(yīng)，意為“可以?？梢?。 -May I go now? - _.(留意：留意：may表示懇求時(shí)，用于主語為第表示懇求時(shí)，用于主語為第一人稱的一半疑問句，其否認(rèn)回答用一人稱的一半疑問句，其否認(rèn)回答用mustnt或或cant,表示表示“不可以，不許，不可以，不許，制止，阻止制止，阻止No, you mustnt/cant.must的用法的用法1)We must love our country. 表示表示“必需，應(yīng)該必需，應(yīng)該2)The man must be a doctor. 表示很有把握的推斷，表示很有把握的推斷，“一定一定3)must表示推測(cè)時(shí)普通用于一定

10、句；在表示推測(cè)時(shí)普通用于一定句；在疑問句和否認(rèn)句中普通運(yùn)用疑問句和否認(rèn)句中普通運(yùn)用can，否認(rèn)，否認(rèn)句中也可以用句中也可以用may, 但但may not表示表示“能夠不，而能夠不，而cant表示表示“不能夠。不能夠。4)否認(rèn)句中，否認(rèn)句中，mustnt表示制止，意為表示制止，意為“不允許。以不允許。以must開頭的疑問句，開頭的疑問句，一定回答運(yùn)用一定回答運(yùn)用must，而否認(rèn)回答那么，而否認(rèn)回答那么常用常用neednt和和dont have to(不需求，不需求，不用不用) eg:Theres someone knocking at the door. It must be Jim. -Mus

11、t I finish the project today? -No, you neednt/dont have to.need的用法的用法You neednt come next time.表示需求、必需主要用于否認(rèn)句和疑表示需求、必需主要用于否認(rèn)句和疑問句問句2)Need I go to bed now? Yes, you must. No, you neednt.shall 和和should 的用法的用法You shall have your book soon. 表示許愿、警告、命令用于陳說句的表示許愿、警告、命令用于陳說句的第二、三人稱第二、三人稱2)Shall he come to

12、see you? Shall we go out for a walk?征求對(duì)方意見或懇求用于第一、三人征求對(duì)方意見或懇求用于第一、三人稱的問句稱的問句3)Shall I tell John about it? - No, you neednt. I told hime just now.will 和和 would的用法的用法Ill help you if I am free this afternoon.表示志愿、意志用于多種人稱表示志愿、意志用于多種人稱2)Fish will die out of water.總是、慣于習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作或形狀總是、慣于習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作或形狀留意留意could, sho

13、uld, would, might等過去式等過去式有時(shí)并不表示過去，而是表示一種更有時(shí)并不表示過去，而是表示一種更委婉客氣的語氣。委婉客氣的語氣。 Would you like some bananas?情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法大串聯(lián)？考考他，預(yù)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法大串聯(lián)？考考他，預(yù)備好了嗎？備好了嗎？Q1:must與與have to 都有都有“必需的意必需的意思，其區(qū)別是什么？思，其區(qū)別是什么？ must表示客觀看法；表示客觀看法；have to表示客觀表示客觀需求需求“不得不不得不Q2:must也可表示很有把握的猜測(cè)。那也可表示很有把握的猜測(cè)。那表示推測(cè)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞還有那些？與表示推測(cè)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞還有那些？與mu

14、st的區(qū)別有哪些？的區(qū)別有哪些？ can may might could1)can表推測(cè)，只用于否認(rèn)句和疑問句中，表推測(cè)，只用于否認(rèn)句和疑問句中，must表一定推測(cè)，表一定推測(cè)，cant表否認(rèn)推測(cè)。表否認(rèn)推測(cè)。2)may ,might,could表示能夠。表示能夠。Q3:當(dāng)當(dāng)must意為意為“該當(dāng)時(shí)，和該當(dāng)時(shí)，和should(應(yīng)該應(yīng)該)有什么區(qū)別？有什么區(qū)別？ We must love our country. You should see a doctor.(must表示客觀的看法；表示客觀的看法；should表示建議表示建議)Q4:must是是“必需，該當(dāng)?shù)囊馑迹潜匦?，該?dāng)?shù)囊馑迹敲疵?/p>

15、mustnt如何了解呢？他知道如何了解呢？他知道neednt , cant 與與shouldnt，may not分別是什么意思嗎？分別是什么意思嗎？ mustnt: 不允許不允許 neednt: 不需求，不用不需求，不用 cant: 不能夠不能夠 shouldnt: 不應(yīng)該不應(yīng)該 may not: 能夠不能夠不小提示：這幾個(gè)詞的意思一定要記住小提示：這幾個(gè)詞的意思一定要記住并區(qū)分，由于考試時(shí)經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)并區(qū)分，由于考試時(shí)經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)Q5:以以must開頭的疑問句的否認(rèn)回答用開頭的疑問句的否認(rèn)回答用什么？什么？ neednt或或dont have to 那么以那么以may, need開頭的普通疑問句用開

16、頭的普通疑問句用什么來回答呢？什么來回答呢？may的否認(rèn)回答用：的否認(rèn)回答用：mustnt或或cant;need的一定回答用：的一定回答用：must 否認(rèn)回答用：否認(rèn)回答用：neednt1.-_ you turn down your radio,please? -Yes, I can. A.May B.Need C.Must D.Can2.What will the weather be like tomorrow?-It _ be rainy,cloudy or sunny.Who knows? A.must B.might C.shall D.shouldnt3.How was the y

17、outh club last night,Mark? -It was great fun.You _ come. A.must B.can C.should D.may4.This history book _be Bobs sisters.His sister is only a baby. A.must B.might C.cantDBCC5.Dont put off todays work for tomorrow. I mean, todays work _today. A.may do B.must do C.may be done D. must be done6.You _ ju

18、mp onto a bus while it is moving.Its too dangerous. A.may not B.mustnt C.may D.must7.How is our friend coming? -Im not sure.He _ drive here. A.may B.can C.must D.willDBA8.Will you go to the museum with me? -Sorry,_.My aunt is coming to see me. A.I dont B.I cant C.I neednt D. I mustnt9.-_ I use your

19、mobile phone? -Certainly. Here you are. A.May B.Must C.Should D.Need10.Shall I tell John about it? -No, you _.I told him just now. A.neednt B.cant C.mustntD.shouldntBAA11.Look!The man at the ate _ be our headmaster.He is always standing there every morning. -No, it _ be him.He is holding a meeting in the office now.A.must;cant B.must;mustntC.cant;cant D.cant;mustnt12.-_ the exam paper be handed in right now? -No,it doesnt have to. You may hand it in before 11:30. A.Can B.Must C.Should D.MayAB13.Mr.W