名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)

1、正東方教育輔導(dǎo)專題講與練七年級可數(shù)名詞單、復(fù)數(shù)練習(xí)（附加：名詞單數(shù)面復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則）一、可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞的區(qū)別普通名詞所表示的人或事物是可以按個數(shù)計算的，這類名詞叫可數(shù)名詞?？蓴?shù)名詞分為個體名詞(表示某類人或事物中的個體，如worker, farmer, desk, factory等)集體名詞(表示作為一個整體來看的一群人或一些事物，如people,family 等)。如果普通名詞所表示的事物是不能按個數(shù)來計算的，這類名詞就叫不可數(shù)名詞。不可數(shù)名詞分為物質(zhì)名詞(表示無法分為個體的物質(zhì)，如meat, rice, water, milk, orange 等)抽象名詞(表示動作、狀態(tài)、情況、品質(zhì)等抽象

2、概念，如work, homework, time, health, friendship等)。二、關(guān)于可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式。指一個人或一件事物時，用單數(shù)形式；指兩個或多個人或事物時用復(fù)數(shù)形式。名詞由單數(shù)形式變成復(fù)數(shù)形式的規(guī)則如下：1. 一般的名詞詞尾直接加-s 。如：book books room roomshouse houses day days2. 以s,ss, ch,sh, x 結(jié)尾的名詞，在詞尾加-es 。但是有些以o結(jié)尾的外來詞或縮寫詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式只加s,另外如果字母o前面是元音字母也只加s。piano->pianos(外來詞，from Italian)phot

3、o->photos(from greece)bamboo->bamboos(結(jié)尾的o前面是元音字母o）cameo->cameos（元音字母e）bus buses glass glasseswatch watchesdish dishes box boxes3. 以"輔音字母+y"結(jié)尾的名詞，要先將y改為i再加-es。如：city cities body bodiesfactory factories等等。boy boysplay plays4. 以f 或fe 結(jié)尾的名詞，要將f或fe改為v再加-es。如：half halves leaf leaveskni

4、fe knives wife wives5. 特例，特例常?？迹涀?。 child children man men woman women policeman policemen(規(guī)律：man men) tomato tomatoes potato potatoes注意： 初中英語以o 結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時只有這兩個詞加-es，其余的當(dāng)然加-s嘍！如：photo photos 以O(shè)結(jié)尾的單詞變復(fù)數(shù)時，有生命的加es,無生命的加s. 如：photo,zoo,為無生命的，s tomato,potato為有生命的，es. foot feet tooth teeth注意： oo變成ee。 sheep

5、, Chinese, Japanese單、復(fù)數(shù)同形注意：變復(fù)數(shù)時詞形不變。 people單數(shù)形式表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，要求謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)；people的復(fù)數(shù)形式peoples通常指“多個民族”。6.集體名詞：表示一群人或物的名詞叫集體名詞。為便于弄清其特點，我們不妨把它們分為表示無生命的物的“類”和表示主要是由人構(gòu)成的“群”的集體名詞。表示“類”的集體名詞，常見的有Clothing、furniture、baggage/luggage、jewelry、traffic、information、machinery、merchandise、produce、scenery 形式上總是單數(shù)，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，作主語時

6、，謂語用單數(shù)。The old machinery is out of date. 不可直接與a（n）或數(shù)詞連用。表數(shù)量時用much，little，some，a piece of，an article of等：Each room has five pieces of furniture. 若需用代詞，用單數(shù)代詞：Do you want to see my jewelry?It is in the box.表示“群”的集體名詞常見的有1.People、police、cattle、poultry、vermin、clergy、militia、crew；以上的單詞做主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)：The pol

7、ice are looking for him2.amily、class、team、government、crowd、committee、jury、party、firm、couple、board、group、gang、enemy、union、audience、public、mankind、humanity、youth以上的詞把若集體當(dāng)作一個整體時，用作單數(shù)；若考慮構(gòu)成這些集體的各個成員時，看作復(fù)數(shù)。My family is a large one.我的家庭是個大家庭My family are all workers.我家里人都是工人注意：把一個集體名詞看作單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)，要注意前后一致。如：The

8、 team is famous for its(不能用their) long history.該對以歷史悠久而聞名。三、關(guān)于不可數(shù)名詞1. 不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)，當(dāng)它作句子的主語時，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。如：The food is very fresh.食品很新鮮。2. 有的不可數(shù)名詞也可以作可數(shù)名詞，有復(fù)數(shù)形式，但他們的意義往往發(fā)生變化。如：water (水) waters (水域) orange (橘汁) oranges (橘子)people（人）peoples（民族）3. 很多不可數(shù)名詞表示泛指時為不可數(shù)，表示種類時就可數(shù)，但意義大多不發(fā)生變化。如：fruit fruits food fo

9、ods fish fishes hair hairs四、名詞可數(shù)不可數(shù)“六注意”1、可數(shù)名詞是可以用來計數(shù)的名詞?？蓴?shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：desk-desks, apple-apples等。不可數(shù)名詞是不可以直接用來計數(shù)的名詞。不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，只有單數(shù)形式。如：some bread， a little milk等。2、單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞表示泛指時，前面要用不定冠詞a(an)，表示特指時，前面要用定冠詞the; 而不可數(shù)名詞前不能用a(an)修飾，表示特指時，前面一定要用定冠詞the。如：He is a factory worker. 他是一名工人。No one can see air.

10、 沒有人能看見空氣。3、可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞前都可以用some, any, a lot of, lots of 等來修飾，表示"一些，許多"。如：There are some oranges on the desk. 桌子上有一些桔子。There is a lot of water in the bottle. 瓶里有許多水。4、可數(shù)名詞前可用具體的數(shù)詞來表示具體的數(shù)量。如：two apples, four books等。不可數(shù)名詞前通常用"單位詞+of"來表示數(shù)量。如： a piece of paper, three pieces of paper等。

11、5、可數(shù)名詞作主語時，謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)與主語的單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致。如：This picture is very beautiful. 這幅畫很美。不可數(shù)名詞作主語時，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式，但是不可數(shù)名詞前有復(fù)數(shù)"單位詞"時，謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：There are two cups of tea on the table. 桌上有兩杯茶。6、對可數(shù)名詞前的修飾語提問用how many; 對不可數(shù)名詞前的修飾語提問用how much。 如：How many apples are there in the box?盒子里有多少個蘋果？How much tea is there

12、in the cup?杯里有多少茶水？注意：對不可數(shù)名詞前的"單位詞"的修飾語提問時，疑問詞用how many。 如：How many pieces of bread are there on the plate?盤子里有多少片面包？單復(fù)數(shù)同形：deer 鹿 means 手段，方法 sheep 羊，綿羊 series 連續(xù)，系列 fish 魚 species 種類 Chinese 漢語(單），中國人（復(fù)） works 工廠；作品 ethics 倫理學(xué)（單）；道德行為（復(fù)） statistics 統(tǒng)計學(xué)（單）；數(shù)據(jù)（復(fù)） 名詞可以分為可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞，其中可數(shù)名詞具有單復(fù)

13、數(shù)的形式；而不可數(shù)名詞沒有可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)變化規(guī)則如下： 1一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2以s. x. sh. ch結(jié)尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, watch-watches3以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries4以“f或fe”結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives5. 以o結(jié)尾，有生命的加es, 無生命的加s. 如：potato-potatoes. zoo-zoos

14、6不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)：man-men, woman-women,policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen,mouse-mice child-children, foot-feet,. tooth-teeth,fish-fish, sheep-sheep people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese,當(dāng)people后加上s時即peoples表示“民族”例如There are 56 peoples in China.以下詞為常為不可數(shù)名詞，他們的復(fù)數(shù)形式就是他們本身。water(水) milk(牛奶)

15、 tea(茶) rice(米飯) orange（橙汁）juice（果汁）bread（面包）不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量關(guān)系可借助量詞表示，如。a cup of tea two cups of tea一用所給名詞的正確形式填空。1. I have two_ (knife) 2. There are many _ here. (box)3. There are many _ on the road. (bus)4. A few _ are drawing on the wall. (boy)5. The _ are playing football now. (child)1Look at those _.

16、(child)6.I can see a _ standing near the door. (policeman)7Do you want some _ for dinner? (potato)8 In autumn, you can see a lot of _ on the ground.(leaf)9He has two _.One is blue , the other is yellow.( box)10 Two _ live in this building .( family )11 There are so many_(wolf)in the forest. 12 There

17、 are three _(chair) in the classroom.13.These _(tomato) are red. 14._(hero) are great.15.My brother looks after two _(baby) 16.There are some _(deer) eating the grass.17.My father likes to eat _(potato). 18.Chinese _(people)like to eat noodles.19.I have a lot of _(toy) in my bedroom. 20.I help my mo

18、ther wash _(dish) in the kitchen.21I have two _(pencil-box). 22.There are some _(bus)in the street.23.Peter has eight _(foot). 24.Linda has three _(tooth).25.There are some _(child) in the garden. 26.Michael likes the _(mouse).27.There are some _(goose)in the river. 28.My uncle and father are _(man)

19、.29.Tom and King are _(boy). 30.Linda has three _(tooth).二選擇填空1They come from different _ A. country B. countries C. a country D. countrys2. How many _ do you see in the picture? A. tomatos B. tomatoes C. tomato D. the tomato3. There are_ birds in that big tree.A. hundreds of B. five hundreds ofC. f

20、ive hundred of D. hundred of4. There are some _ in these _.A.knifespencil-boxes B.knivespencils-boxC.knivespencil-box D.knivespencils-boxes5. _ are good for our health .A. Tomatos B. Tomatoes C. Tomato6. I like to eat cake with _. 7. A. cherries B. cherry C.cherrys8. _ and _ are not friends. A. Foxs

21、wolfs B.Foxeswolfs C. Foxeswolves8. Do you want to drink _ much ? A、a milk B、milk C、milks9. This is room. Its very big.A、Lily and Lucys B、Lilys and Lucys C、Lilys and Lucy10. Do you want some _ for supper?A、a potato B、potatoes C、potatos11. In autumn，you can see a lot of_ on the ground. A、leaf B、leafs

22、 C、leaves12. My sister has two _. One is old，the other is new.A、a watch B、watchs C、watches13.There _ on the wall .They are very beautiful.A. are photoes B. are photos C. is a photo D. is photos14. Thats _ art book.A. an B. a C. the D are15. There _ two_ in the box.A. is, watch B. are, watches C. are

23、, watch D. is, watches16.There is no _ in the plate. A. apples B. oranges C. rice D. Eggs鞏固練習(xí)寫出下列詞對應(yīng)的復(fù)數(shù)形式（注意：不可數(shù)名詞不變，單復(fù)數(shù)同形的要寫出來）1.I_ 2.him _ 3.this _ 4.her _ 5.wash _6.child _ 7.photo _ 8.diary _ 9.day _ 10.foot_ 11.book_ 12. dress _13.month_ 14.sheep _ 15.box_16.strawberry _17.thief_ 18.peach_ 19.s

24、andwich _ 20.man_21.woman_ 22.paper_ 23.juice_ 24.water_ 25.milk_26.rice_ 27.tea_ 28.leaf_ 29. puppy_ _30. wish_31. knife_ 32. fly_ 33.fox_ 34. bus_ _35. bench_36. brush_ 37.church_38.dish_ 39.ruler_ 40.party_41. glass_ 42.pencil_43.boy_ 44.zoo_ 45.man_46. roof_ 47.shop_ 48. life_ _ 49.lady_ 50.key_

25、 51.side_ 52.watch_ 53.bamboo_ 54.city_ 55.family_56.apple_ 57.eraser_ 58.speech_59.mouse_ 60.fish_61.goose_ 62. people _63.ox_ 64. mouth _ 65.deer _66.friend_ 67.library _ 68.oth_ 69.hero_ _ 70.boss_71.donkey_ 72.radio _73. horse _ 74. dog _ 75 monkey_ 76 text_ 77 Chinese_ 78 Japanese_ 79. factory

26、_ 80.half_81.German_82.country_83.toy_ 84. pear_85. test_86. army_87. hour_88._89. dinosaur _ 90.Italian_91. inventor _ 92.musician_ 93.scientist_94.accident_ 95.pear_96.professor_ 97.shelf_98.season_ 99.trip_100. play_四、 寫出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式1、orange 2、class 3、text 4、monkey 5、piano 6、child 7、shelf 8、bed 9、co

27、untry 10、family 11、toy 12、foot 13、Japanese 14、radio 15、photo 16、army_ 17、tomato _ 18、fox 19、woman 20、knife 練習(xí)題一、 寫出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式1、orange oranges 2、class classes 3、text texts 4、monkey monkeys 5、piano pianos 6、child children 7、shelf shelves 8、bed beds 9、country contries 10、family families 11、toy toies 12、foot feet 13、Japanese Japanese 14、radio 15、photo photos 16、army armies 17、tomato tomatoes 18、fox foxes 19、woman women 20、knife knives 22、sheep sheep 二、選擇填空1、There on the wall .They a