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1、語法系列復(fù)習(xí)專題二-代詞代詞的分類1.人稱代詞:有主格、賓格、所有格(含形容詞性和名詞性兩種所有格)2.反身代詞:myself ,yourself ,himself ,herself ,itself ,ourselves ,yourselves themselves3.指示代詞:this ,that ,these ,those4.疑問代詞:who ,whom ,what ,which5.相互代詞:each other ,one another6.不定代詞:some ,any ,all ,both ,none ,one, each ,either ,neither ,other ,another
2、, something ,anything ,nothing ,anyone ,anybody , someone ,somebody ,nobody7.關(guān)系代詞(用于定語從句):who ,whom ,whose,that ,which ,as 代詞用法注意點1.名詞性所有格代詞可作主語、賓語、表語,可用于雙重所有格。例如: This isnt my book. Its his. Mine is in the bag. /Is she a friend of yours ?/Do you think this bag of mine beautiful ?/She lost some penc
3、ils of hers.2.反身代詞可用于某些固定搭配。例如: (all)by oneself 自己單干,獨立干: The boy usually finishes his homework by himself. of oneself 自動地,自行地: Mary will correct her mistakes in the exercises of herself. for oneself 替/為自己:You have to choose for yourself.3.指示代詞this/these一般用來指時間和空間上較近的人或物;that/those 常指時間和 空間上較遠的人或物。
4、進行比較時,that可代替不可數(shù)名詞或單數(shù)名詞以避免重復(fù);those 可代替復(fù)數(shù)名詞以 免重復(fù)。例如: The water of the well is cleaner than that of the river./The Christmas cards are much better than those you bought yesterday.4.相互代詞each other ,one another.前者通常指兩者之間的“相互”,后者側(cè)重三者或三 者以上的“相互”,也可指兩者之間的“相互”。5.不定代詞some多用于肯定句;any多用于否定句,疑問句或條件句中。另外some可用于表示
5、請求、 提議或者希望得到肯定回答的疑問句中,修飾可數(shù)名詞,表示“任何、無論哪一個” 例如: If you have any ink ,please give me some. Edison became quite expert at it and could find work in any town he went to.all 與none all表示“三者或三者以上全部”,可以修飾可數(shù)、不可數(shù)名詞。none用于表示對三個或 三個以上的人或物的否定,意思是“沒有什么人,沒有什么東西”,可作主語和賓語。none of后的謂語可以是單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)形式。none可以簡略回答以How many或How
6、 much開頭 的疑問句。 例如: None of them have/has failed. How many books are there on the desk ? None. 注意:no one (nobody)不同于none ,作主語時只能跟單數(shù)謂語,不可跟of短語連用, 回答以who開頭的問句,不能回答How many/much 開頭的問句。 例如: Who is in the room ? no one(Nobody). Is there any oil in the glass ? None.other ,another ,the other ,others ,the oth
7、ers other表示“沒有范圍的,其他的”,與名詞復(fù)數(shù)連用。如:other books/boys/ another泛指很多中的“另一個”,可作代詞或形容詞用,代替或修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。 如: I dont like this hat ,please show me another. the other可作代詞或形容詞用,指已知的事物或人中的“另一個”,或另一方中的“全 部其他的”。 如: I have two sisters.One is a student and the other is a worker./I can see only two teachers in the office
8、.Where are the other teachers ? others泛指其他的人或物;the others特指其余的人或物。others常和some對比使用。 例如: Thirty students in our class are boys ,the others are girls. Some are carrying water ,others are watering the trees.one作為不定代詞,泛指“任何人”(包括說話人在內(nèi)),還可用來代替上文出現(xiàn)過的可 數(shù)名詞(指人或物),并有復(fù)數(shù)形式ones。 例如: I have bought a new bike.My o
9、ld one doesnt work./One must do ones duty. 注意:one ,that都可代替前面出現(xiàn)過的單數(shù)名詞,但這樣用時,one可被前置或后置 定語修飾,that只能被后置定語修飾。 例如: This book is the one that is needed by him. My seat is next to that of our teacher. 代詞考點分析 1. When shall we meet again ? Make it _ day you like;its all the same to me.(96年高考題) Aone Bany Cso
10、me Danother析: 此題答案為B。若選A,one day意“過去/將來的某一天”;若選C,some day意“有朝一日”、“將來某一天”、“遲早”;若選D,another day意“改日”、“又/另一天”;選B,any day意“隨便哪一天”、“無論哪一天”,顯然它適合此題。2.Im reading a new book these days ,_ in English. A.it B.that C.one D.which析: 排除A選項it的原因是因為it前或后都不可放定語;若選B項that,則因其不能替代同一事物,也可排除;至于D項which,因其是定語從句引導(dǎo)詞,在此明顯不合用。
11、只有C項one一方面它可有前置或后置定語,另一方面它可以替代前面出現(xiàn)的名詞a book,故是正確答案。3.There were two boys who called and I gave an apple to _. A.every B.all C.either D.each析: 由題干內(nèi)容可知有兩個孩子在叫喊,故all(指三者或三者以上)不可選;every表“兩者中任意的一個”,在此不符合情景之需要。只有D,each(兩者中的每一個)填入空白才合題干內(nèi)容。 4.We dont know _ of the visitors here;we only know some. A.everyone
12、 B.every one C.anybody D.each one析: 因為everyone ,everybody ,anybody等不定代詞一般不帶限定語(此處不能與of短語連用),故A、C選項可排除。若選D項,因noteach結(jié)構(gòu)表全否定,與下句“we only know some”不合,故不能成立。只有選B時,notevery表半否定,與下句意相合。5.Young people may grow quickly in some ways and more slowly in _. (上海題) A.the other B.some other C.others D.those other析
13、: 根據(jù)in some ways(在某些方面),可知空白處要選表達復(fù)數(shù)意義的詞,據(jù)此可排除A、B;又因為沒有those other這樣的詞語,故可排除D。根據(jù)some常與others相呼應(yīng)使用規(guī)律,可定C為正確答案。 6.The question is too difficult and we found _. A.it not easy to answer it B.it was not easy for us to answer it C.its not easy to answer D.it not easy to answer析: 根據(jù)時態(tài)一致規(guī)律,we found后不可跟C選項;要表
14、達“那個問題不容易答。”這一意思時,應(yīng)說The question is not easy to answer.要表達“我們發(fā)現(xiàn)那個問題不容易答。”這一意思時,應(yīng)說We found the question (was)not easy to answer.據(jù)此可排除A、B選項;只有D才是唯一正確選項。7.The hairdresser now cuts _ mens and womens hair. A.any B.each C.both D.either析: 根據(jù)題干mens and womens hair ,可知應(yīng)選與兩者有關(guān)的代詞,于是立即可排除A。由于each 和either不可直接修飾
15、復(fù)數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格(應(yīng)說each of ,either of),故又可排除B、D選項。只有both才能與其后的and構(gòu)成bothand結(jié)構(gòu)。故正確答案是C。8.Shall I sit at this end of the boat or the other end ? If you keep still ,you can sit at _end. (NMET) A.neither B.each C.either D.any 析: 一條船只有兩頭,any是指三者或三者以上,在此不合用。neither是“兩者都不”,填入空白處意思不對;each意“兩者或三者,三者以上每個人都”,若填入此題空
16、白,不合語境,因為一個人不能同時坐船的兩頭。只有選either(兩者之一)才合此題情景。9.Have you finished your report yet ? No ,Ill finish in _ ten minutes. (NMET) A.less B.more C.other D.another析: less后可直接跟形容詞、副詞、名詞,象ten minutes這樣的“數(shù)詞名詞”短語則不可直接放于less之后,只能放于less than之后,因此A項可排除?!霸龠^/再用十分鐘”可以說in ten more minutes ,ten minutes more ,another ten
17、minutes ,據(jù)此可排除B項。至于other一詞,因它不能表達“再、又”意,故也可排除。因此D為正確答案。10.Canada is larger than _ country in Asia. (NMET) A.any B.any other C.other D.another析: 此題是加拿大與亞洲國家相比,無需other或another ,else這類詞,故B、C、D應(yīng)排除。因為any(任何)后可跟單數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)名詞,填入空白意思也合語境,所以A是正確答案。 代詞專練 1. Which of the two dictionaries will you borrow ? Ill borr
18、ow _ ,for the different uses. A.all B.both C.either D.neither 2._ of them knew about the plan because it was kept a secret. A.Each B.Any C.No one D.None 3.We couldnt eat in a restaurant because _ of us had _ money on us. A.all ;no B.any ;no C.none ;any D.no one ;any 4.They were all very tired ,but _
19、 of them would stop to take a rest. A.neither B.none C.some D.any 5.There is a No.2 trolleybus and a No.24 bus ;_ will take you there. A.both B.either C.all D.any 6.As we were asleep ,_ of us heard the sound. A.both B.none C.either D.any 7. Which of the five may I use ? Oh ,_. A.any one B.anyone C.a
20、nything D.nothing 8.Are the two answers correct ? No ,_ correct. A.no one is B.both are not C.neither is D.either is not 9.I asked him for some oil ,but he hadnt _. A.any B.some C.no D.anything 10.You have three English dictionaries ,but I have only two _. A.ones B.不填 C.the one D.the ones 11.I have
21、a colour TV set.I want to sell _. A.one B.the one C.that D.it 12.This film is not so good as _ we saw last week. A.that B.it C.the one D.one 13._ of us must go there and help him out. A.One or other B.One by one C.One or the other D.One or another 14.We all felt _ to be the highest praise. A.it B.th
22、at C.that one D.the one 15.Havent you read _ English storices ?Please tell us an interesting one. A.any B.all C.either D.some 16. Would you like _ dumplings ? No,thanks. A.some B.another C.any D.all 17.If there is _ chance ,I will try another. A.one B.any C.some D.all 18. Are _ here to take the coll
23、ege entrance exam ? Yes ,we _. A.all you ;are all B.you all ;all are C.all of you ;are all D.you of all ;all are 19.Mr Green gave the textbooks to all the pupils except _ who had already taken them. A.one B.the ones C.some D.the others 20. Have you ever seen a snake alive ? Yes ,Ive seen _. A.that B
24、.so C.one D.it 21. Lily ,do you have an umbrella ?It is raining outside. Yes ,but its _. A.small one B.small umbrella C.only a small one D.that one 22.Toms mother kept telling him that he should work hard ,but _ didnt help. A.this B.which C.any D.it 23. Have you got _ red ink ? Sorry ,I havent got _. A.some ;some B.any ;many C.some ;any D.any ;some 24.I prefer a street in a small town to _ in such a large city as Shanghai. A.that B.it C.this D.one 25.Sarad has read a lot of stories by American writers.Now she would like to read _ stories by writers from _ countries. A.some ;any
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