doing作狀語（課堂PPT）

1、11.作表語作表語2.作定語作定語現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在在分分詞詞3.作賓補作賓補4.作狀語作狀語2三三.V-ing作表語作表語We are learning English.The story is interesting.My job is teaching English.動名詞作表語動名詞作表語現(xiàn)在分詞作表語現(xiàn)在分詞作表語動詞進行時動詞進行時=Teaching English is my job.動名詞作表語用來說明主語的內容，與主語是同一個概念，表語和主語的位置可互換。表語和主語的位置可互換。3His hobby is painting.The news is inspiring.區(qū)別動名詞與現(xiàn)在分

2、詞：區(qū)別動名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞： 動名詞動名詞作表語用來說明主語的具體內容。作表語用來說明主語的具體內容?，F(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞作表語是用來表示主語所具有的作表語是用來表示主語所具有的特征，有的已變成了形容詞，主語和表語的特征，有的已變成了形容詞，主語和表語的位置不能互換。位置不能互換。4翻譯下列句子：翻譯下列句子： 我們的工作就是演奏各種音樂。Our job is _.2. 他們演奏的音樂史如此的令人興奮。他們演奏的音樂史如此的令人興奮。The music they are playing is _.playing all kinds of musicso exciting5四四 V-ing作定語作定語

3、現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，被修飾的詞與現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，被修飾的詞與V-ing之間有一之間有一種邏輯上的主謂關系，相當于一個定語從句。種邏輯上的主謂關系，相當于一個定語從句。當現(xiàn)在分詞當現(xiàn)在分詞單獨單獨作定語時，放在所修飾的名詞作定語時，放在所修飾的名詞前前；如果是現(xiàn)在分詞如果是現(xiàn)在分詞短語短語作定語，則放在所修飾的名作定語，則放在所修飾的名詞詞后后。The girl crying in the classroom is my desk mate.The crying girl is my desk mate.6The tower _ the warring states is well

4、worth visiting. dated from B. dated back fromC. dating from D. to date fromThe flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. to smell B. smellingC. smelt D. to be smelt7(1) a walking man(2) a walking stick =a man who is walking = a stick for walking8V-ing作定語時，現(xiàn)在

5、分詞與動名詞區(qū)別：作定語時，現(xiàn)在分詞與動名詞區(qū)別：a waiting rooma waiting man= a room for waiting= a man who is waiting現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞作定語時，它和被修飾的詞之間有有作定語時，它和被修飾的詞之間有有種邏輯上的主謂關系，相當于一個定語從句種邏輯上的主謂關系，相當于一個定語從句而而動名詞動名詞作定語時，與被修飾的詞之間作定語時，與被修飾的詞之間沒有這種關系，它僅僅表示一種用途，沒有這種關系，它僅僅表示一種用途，“作作用用”相當于一個相當于一個for引導的介詞短引導的介詞短語語9Translate the following ph

6、rases.a reading rooma washing machinean exciting eveningan interesting crosstalk閱覽室閱覽室洗衣機洗衣機激動人心的夜晚激動人心的夜晚有趣的相聲有趣的相聲101.What _ bears they are! (charm)2.What a/an _ idea the ad has.3. The bears _ are content with their life.4.The bears _ make cocacola more popular. Describe the bears with V-ing used

7、as attributecharmingenjoying cocacoladrinking cocacolaskiing on the icesurprising/inspiring11五五 V-ing形式作賓語補足語形式作賓語補足語V-ing形式作賓補時，它與賓語構成邏輯上的主謂形式作賓補時，它與賓語構成邏輯上的主謂關系，即賓語是其邏輯上的主語。關系，即賓語是其邏輯上的主語。S+V+O+CI heard the girl singing in the classroom.We have the fire burning all day.I noticed a long queue outsi

8、de the bank waiting for it to open.The baby watched his dad shaving his face with great interest.動詞動詞-ing形式作賓語補足語形式作賓語補足語常放在賓語后面，表示一個常放在賓語后面，表示一個正在進行的主動性的動作，正在進行的主動性的動作，強調一個過程或一種狀態(tài)。強調一個過程或一種狀態(tài)。12 1. 能跟能跟-ing形式作賓語補足語的常見形式作賓語補足語的常見動詞有：動詞有：“五讓、三看、兩聽、五讓、三看、兩聽、一注意、一發(fā)現(xiàn)、一一注意、一發(fā)現(xiàn)、一感覺感覺”。簡單又好記！。簡單又好記！ make,

9、let, have, keep, leave, look at, see, watch, hear, listen to, notice, find, feel 等。等。怎么記？怎么記？13He looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. put B. to be puttingC. to put D. putting141. I saw them _(force) the door open with a hammer. 2. We heard them _ (quarrel) about

10、 money after the concert; they looked very angry.3. I heard him _ (drop) lots of coins into the collecting tin. forcingquarrelingdroppingPractice:152.有些動詞詞組，如：有些動詞詞組，如：regard, describe, accept, think of, look on等等之后可由之后可由as引出引出V-ing形式作賓補。形式作賓補。They describe the cartoon as being attractive.161. He sa

11、crificed his life to defend the honor/ dignity of his nation.2. Elizabeth didnt trust him, so she left him a false name and address.3. Without a cup of coffee in the morning, Jenny cant function (well/normally).4. During World War II, he rose gradually from the rank of captain to general.5. Dont for

12、get to bring your cassette recorder tommorrow.6. There must be some misunderstanding. I have no idea what youre talking about. in defence of.=17分詞作狀語分詞作狀語,表示動作發(fā)生的表示動作發(fā)生的條件、原因、結條件、原因、結果、讓步、時間、方式或伴隨果、讓步、時間、方式或伴隨等，通常相當?shù)?，通常相當于一個狀語從句或并列分句。于一個狀語從句或并列分句。一般說來，這種結構的一般說來，這種結構的邏輯主語就是句子的邏輯主語就是句子的主語主語。分詞作狀語分詞作狀語

13、作狀語時，選擇現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞，關鍵作狀語時，選擇現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞，關鍵看看主句的主語主句的主語。如。如主語和分詞是主語和分詞是主謂關系主謂關系，就選用就選用現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞，如分詞和主語是如分詞和主語是動賓關系動賓關系，就用就用過去分詞過去分詞。18現(xiàn)在分詞作現(xiàn)在分詞作結果狀語結果狀語表示自然的結果。充當結表示自然的結果。充當結果狀語的現(xiàn)在分詞的邏輯主語有時并不是句子果狀語的現(xiàn)在分詞的邏輯主語有時并不是句子的主語，的主語，而是句子的內容或部分內容而是句子的內容或部分內容。The child slipped and fell, hitting his head against the

14、door.A lot of good land has gone with them, leaving only sand. 19If you use your head, youll find a good way. Using your head, youll find a good way.If I am invited, Ill go to your party.Invited, Ill go to your party.條件狀語條件狀語作條件狀語一般放在句首作條件狀語一般放在句首作條件狀語一般放在句首作條件狀語一般放在句首20原因狀語原因狀語作原因狀語一般放在句首作原因狀語一般放在句

15、首作原因狀語一般放在句首作原因狀語一般放在句首Because he was poor , he couldnt afford a TV set. Being poor, he couldnt afford a TV set.Because he was satisfied with his job, hehad a big smile on his face.Satisfied with his job, he had a big smile onhis face.21讓步狀語讓步狀語作讓步狀語一般放在句首作讓步狀語一般放在句首作讓步狀語一般放在句首作讓步狀語一般放在句首Though he s

16、tudied hard, he didnt pass the exam.Studying hard, he didnt pass the exam.Though he was born in a poor family,he wasoptimistic.Born in a poor family, he was optimistic.22時間狀語時間狀語作時間狀語一般放在句首作時間狀語一般放在句首作時間狀語一般放在句首作時間狀語一般放在句首While I was walking in the street, Isaw a tailors shop.Walking in the street,

17、I saw a tailors shop.When she was surrounded by a mad dog,she was very frightened and screamed.Surrounded by a mad dog,she was veryfrightened and screamed.23Four people entered the room and looked curious. Four people entered the room, looking The teacher came into the classroom andwas followed by s

18、ome students.The teacher came into the classroom,followed by some students.伴隨狀語伴隨狀語作伴隨狀語多放于句末作伴隨狀語多放于句末24He came running back to tell me the news. His father died, and this left the family even worse off.His father died, leaving the family even worse off.方式狀語或結果狀語方式狀語或結果狀語作方式狀語或結果多放于句作方式狀語或結果多放于句末末2

19、5在使用的過程中，我發(fā)現(xiàn)這本書很有用。在使用的過程中，我發(fā)現(xiàn)這本書很有用。_ the book, I find it useful. 由于用了很長時間，這本書看上去很舊。由于用了很長時間，這本書看上去很舊。_ for a long time, the book looks old. UsedUsing26 從上面看從上面看,體育場好像一個鳥巢。體育場好像一個鳥巢。 _ from the top, the stadium looks like a bird nest. A. Seeing B. Seen從太空看從太空看, 宇航員看不到長城。宇航員看不到長城。 _ from the space,

20、the astronaut can not discover the Great Wall. A. Seeing B. Seen27分詞作狀語時的時態(tài)和語態(tài)：分詞作狀語時的時態(tài)和語態(tài)：1）分詞的時態(tài)：）分詞的時態(tài)：2）分詞的語態(tài)）分詞的語態(tài)一般式一般式: doing done完成式完成式:having done having been done1）一般式一般式表示與謂語動詞表示與謂語動詞同時發(fā)生同時發(fā)生。 1. Hearing the news, he jumped with joy. 2. Surrounded by the students, the teacher was answeri

21、ng questions one by one.282）完成時完成時表示動作發(fā)生表示動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前在謂語動詞之前。1.After he had finished his homework, he went out. =Having finished his homework, he went out. 2.Because she had not got a reply, she decided to write to him again. =Not having got a reply, she decided to write to him again.29一、有些慣用的一、有些慣用

22、的v-ing形式不表示句子主語的動形式不表示句子主語的動作，而是表示說話人的態(tài)度、觀點等?？僧斪髯?，而是表示說話人的態(tài)度、觀點等?？僧斪饕粋€一個插入語插入語generally speaking 一般說來一般說來strictly speaking 嚴格說來嚴格說來frankly speaking 坦白地說坦白地說judging from/by 根據(jù)根據(jù)來判斷來判斷considering 考慮到考慮到supposing 假如，如果假如，如果幾點注意幾點注意301. Generally speaking, boys are more interested in science than girls.

23、 一般說，男孩比女孩對科學更感興趣。一般說，男孩比女孩對科學更感興趣。 2. Judging from/by his accent, he must come from Canada. 從他的口音看，他一定來自加拿大。從他的口音看，他一定來自加拿大。3. Considering/given his age, he did it quite well. 考慮到他的年齡，他做得很好了?？紤]到他的年齡，他做得很好了。4. Suppose/Supposing it rains， what will you do？ 假使下雨，你會怎么辦呢？假使下雨，你會怎么辦呢？31二、分詞作狀語時，可以根據(jù)需要在其前

24、加上二、分詞作狀語時，可以根據(jù)需要在其前加上when,while, before, after, until, once, though,although, unless, as if, even if, as long as等等 1. Once losing this chance, you cant easily find it.2. If allowed to read in the reading room, you should keep quiet. 3. When leaving the station, he waved again 1. and again to me. Lo

25、sing Allowed Leaving32三、三、 當表示分詞的動作一發(fā)生，主句的動作當表示分詞的動作一發(fā)生，主句的動作隨之也發(fā)生時，可以使用隨之也發(fā)生時，可以使用“on動名詞動名詞”的結構，翻譯的結構，翻譯成成“一一就就”。Hearing the news, they couldnt help jumping.= On hearing the news, they couldnt help jumping. _ _ the case, I saw the bird fly out of it. 一打開這個盒子，我看到有只鳥飛出來。一打開這個盒子，我看到有只鳥飛出來。On opening 3

26、3句型轉換：句型轉換： When he heard the news, he jumped with joy. _ the news, he jumped with joy. 2. As she was ill, she went home. _ ill, she went home. 3. The girl came in and she smiled. The girl came in _. She sat at the desk and read a newspaper.1. She sat at the desk _ a newspaper.HearingBeingsmilingrea

27、ding表伴隨狀況表伴隨狀況時間狀語時間狀語原因狀語原因狀語方式狀語方式狀語34 Grammar work 語法專練語法專練用所給動詞的適當形式填空。用所給動詞的適當形式填空。1. Not _(know) his address, I couldnt go to see him yesterday.2. Look out(小心）小心） for cars when _(cross) the street.3. Not _ (invite) to the party, Mary was greatly hurt.knowingcrossinghaving been invited354. He d

28、ived into the water, _ (leave) only his face exposed(暴露）暴露）.5. When I got back home I saw a message pinned(別在）別在） to the door, _ (read寫著寫著) “Sorry to miss you; I will call later.”6. _ (take) a deep breath, they dived into the water.7. _ (close) the windows and the door, the students left the room.le

29、avingreadingTakingHaving closed36 Grammar quiz 1. When _ different cultures, weoften pay attention only to the differenceswithout noticing many similarities. A. compared B. being compared C. comparing D. having compared372. Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly,

30、 always _ the same thing. A. saying B. said C. to say D. having said 383. _the piano, someone suddenlyknocked at the door.A. Playing B. When I was playingC. Repairing D. Examining394. _ the programme, they haveto stay there for another 2 weeks. A. Not completing B. Not completed C. Not having comple

31、ted D. Having not completed405. “We cant go out in this weather”, said Bob, _ out of the window. A. looking B. to look C. looked D. having looked6. _ such heavy pollution already,it may now be too late to clean up theriver.A. Having suffered B. SufferingC. To suffer D. Suffered417. _ by a snake, she

32、 was frightened at it. A. Being bitten B. Bitten C. Having been bitten D. biting8. As he had broken the window, the naughty boy was sitting there, _. A. not daring made any sound B. not daring to make a sound C. daring not make any sound D. daring not to make a sound 42 1. Having not seen the film,

33、I cant tell you what I think of it. 2. The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay. 3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find the city more beautiful. Not havingworkingSeeing單句改錯單句改錯434. “ Cant you read?” the man said, angrily pointed to the notice on the wall.5. Generally speak, facial expressi

34、ons are helpful communications, too.6. European football is played in 80 countries, made it the most popular sport in the world.pointingmakingspeaking44451. 1. 他起床遲了，匆忙地趕去辦公室，他起床遲了，匆忙地趕去辦公室， 沒有吃早飯。沒有吃早飯。2. 2. 意識到浪費了太多時間，意識到浪費了太多時間， 這個男生決定停止玩電腦游戲。這個男生決定停止玩電腦游戲。3. 3. 中國建了更多高速公路，中國建了更多高速公路， 使得人們從一個地方到另

35、一個地使得人們從一個地方到另一個地方更加容易。方更加容易。4. Dina4. Dina在努力地找服務生的工作找了幾個月后，在努力地找服務生的工作找了幾個月后， 最后在當?shù)刈詈笤诋數(shù)匾患覐V告公司找到了一個職位。一家廣告公司找到了一個職位。5. 5. 南方下了大雨，南方下了大雨， 導致了好幾個省發(fā)生了嚴重的洪水。導致了好幾個省發(fā)生了嚴重的洪水。6. 6. 這個律師專心的聽，這個律師專心的聽， 努力地不錯過任何重點。努力地不錯過任何重點。7. 7. 更多地用感性而非理性來做一個決定，你遲早會后悔的。更多地用感性而非理性來做一個決定，你遲早會后悔的。8. 8. 這個退休老人把他大多數(shù)存款都捐給了玉樹地

36、震中被毀的這個退休老人把他大多數(shù)存款都捐給了玉樹地震中被毀的學校，學校， 使得學生能夠重返校園。使得學生能夠重返校園。46一、用一、用v-ingv-ing形式改寫以下句子或將形式改寫以下句子或將v-ingv-ing改成定語改成定語/ /狀語從句。狀語從句。1. The lady walked around the shops and kept an eye out for bargains. 2. Looking at my classmates faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes. 3.The news shocked the pu

37、blic and led to great concern about students safety at school. 4. The traffic rule says young children who weigh less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat. 5. Since he didnt keep the promise, Tony has lost the chance to go abroad.1. The lady walked around the shops, keeping an eye out for b

38、argains.1.Walking around the shops, the lady kept an eye out for bargains.2. When I looked at my classmates faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.3. The news shocked the public, leading to great concern about students safety at school.4. The traffic rule says young children weighing less t

39、han 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.5. Not keeping the promise, Tony has lost the chance to go abroad.476. The song is sung all over the country, which makes it the most popular song7. Having no interest in the topic, he didnt go to the lecture.8. Having waited in the queue for half an hour

40、, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at once. 9. People who live in the city dont know the pleasure of country life.6. The song is sung all over the country, making it the most popular song.7. Because he had no interest in the topic, he didnt go to the lecture.8.After Tom had waited i

41、n the queue for half an hour,he suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at once. 8. After waiting in the queue for half an hour,Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at once. 9. people living in the city dont know the pleasure of country life.4810. The large building which is being

42、 built across the street will be a hospital.11. The old man is on the way back to his motherland after he has worked abroad for twenty years.12. Do you know the young man shaking hands with the headmaster?13. People who use a mobile phone find it very convenient to keep in touch with their friends w

43、henever they go.10. The large building being built across the street will be a hospital.11.Having worked abroad for twenty years, the old man is on the way back to his motherland.11.The old man, having worked abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland.12. Do you know the young man

44、 who is shaking hands with the headmaster.13. People using a mobile phone find it very convenient to keep in touch with their friends wherever they go.4914. As he had broken the window, the naughty boy was sitting there, not daring to make a sound 14. Having broken the window, the naughty boy was si

45、tting there, not daring to make a sound 14. Having broken the window, the naughty boy was sitting there and didnt dare to make any sound.50_ (襲擊汶川的地襲擊汶川的地震震) happened on May 12th, 2008, _. (使得成千上萬的人無家可歸使得成千上萬的人無家可歸) The number of people _(死于地震死于地震) reached 69,197. _ (站在廢墟中站在廢墟中), those who survived

46、couldnt help_(cry). _(在受在受了這樣的苦難后了這樣的苦難后), people there were not defeated and struggled against the nature.The earthquake hitting Wenchuanmaking tens of thousands of people homeless dying from the earthquakeStanding in ruins crying Having gone through so many sufferings A terrible earthquake hit Wen

47、chuanA terrible earthquake hit Wenchuan51Fortunately, _ (看到所發(fā)看到所發(fā)生的生的), the rest of China cared much about those in need and helped them immediately. _ (捐錢捐錢) was a major way. Besides, soldiers were sent to rescue _ (那些掙扎的人那些掙扎的人) who were trapped under the ruins. Doctors also went to Wenchuan to tr

48、eat _ (地震中幸存下地震中幸存下來的人來的人). Thanks to their help, the city began to breathe again. Now, _ (重建重建中的汶川中的汶川) has taken on a new look .seeing what had happenedDonating moneythe struggling peoplethe people surviving the earthquakeWenchuan being rebuilt52否定詞置于句首的倒裝否定詞置于句首的倒裝以下否定詞位于句首，句子要用以下否定詞位于句首，句子要用部分部分

49、倒裝倒裝(一般一般疑疑問句問句的形式的形式)：seldom; never; little;few; hardly; barely; rarely; neither; nor; not until; not only, but also; in no way; by no means; on no account; at no time; under no circumstances; no longer 等。等。 531. 直到我們早上經歷了霧霾（直到我們早上經歷了霧霾（haze），我們才意識到），我們才意識到環(huán)境污染有多嚴重。環(huán)境污染有多嚴重。2. 我們過去很少經歷這樣的現(xiàn)象。（我們過去很少

50、經歷這樣的現(xiàn)象。（seldom）3. 對于環(huán)境保護我們也關注的很少。（對于環(huán)境保護我們也關注的很少。（little）4. 我們絕對不能以環(huán)境為代價發(fā)展經濟。（我們絕對不能以環(huán)境為代價發(fā)展經濟。（by no means）5. 我們不僅應該培養(yǎng)環(huán)境意識，我們不僅應該培養(yǎng)環(huán)境意識， 還應該采取實際行動。還應該采取實際行動。6. 我們不應該再用塑料袋。（我們不應該再用塑料袋。（no longer） 也不應該再浪費紙，也不應該再浪費紙， 水和電。（水和電。（nor）7. 飛機一著陸人們就朝著飛機跑去。（飛機一著陸人們就朝著飛機跑去。（hardly.when）8. 我從前從沒見過更美的地方。（我從前從沒見

51、過更美的地方。（never+比較級比較級）541. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)你今天上午上課時你一直悶悶不樂。我發(fā)現(xiàn)你今天上午上課時你一直悶悶不樂。2. 課間活動你也沒出教室，課間活動你也沒出教室， 只是呆坐在座位上。只是呆坐在座位上。3. 我問你怎么了，我問你怎么了， 你卻婉言謝絕了。你卻婉言謝絕了。4. 開導勸慰。開導勸慰。55某英語報社擬成立某英語報社擬成立“微笑俱樂部微笑俱樂部”，現(xiàn)征募會員。要求申請者提交，現(xiàn)征募會員。要求申請者提交篇題為篇題為“I want to Smile”的英語短文。請你以申請者的身份，根的英語短文。請你以申請者的身份，根以下思路圖的提示用英語寫一篇短文。以下思路圖的提示用英語寫一

52、篇短文。 注意：注意： 根據(jù)思路圖適當展開，以使行文連貫；根據(jù)思路圖適當展開，以使行文連貫； 詞數(shù)：詞數(shù)：120左右左右56572009福建福建某英語報社擬成立某英語報社擬成立“微微笑俱樂部笑俱樂部”，現(xiàn)征募會，現(xiàn)征募會員。要求申請者提交一員。要求申請者提交一篇題為篇題為“I want to Smile”的英語短文。請的英語短文。請你以申請者的身份，根你以申請者的身份，根據(jù)以下思路圖的提示用據(jù)以下思路圖的提示用英語寫一篇短文。英語寫一篇短文。 注意：注意： 根據(jù)思路圖適當根據(jù)思路圖適當展開，以使行文連貫；展開，以使行文連貫； 詞數(shù)：詞數(shù)：120左右左右advantages of smiling

53、smile at parents or friends smile at myself in a word 58 Smile, as a universal language, spreads happiness throughout the world. There are many benefits of smiling. Firstly, it brings happiness, which accumulates to contribute to longevity. Furthermore, smiling a lot means being confident, which pla

54、ys an essential part in ones success. In addition, smiling shows that you are content with your life indicating that you possess a healthy attitude towards life. So I choose to smile a lot. I smile to my parents as thanks for caring of me. I give a smile for my friends for their forever encouragemen

55、t. I also smile at myself to make myself an enthusiasticperson. In a word, no matter whether life is beauty or duty, I will accept all with a big smile.59SmileSmile, as one of the most , as one of the most universaluniversal greetings, greetings, enableenables people to s people to narrow the gapnar

56、row the gap between them. So Im between them. So Im glad to smile at everyone I meet in my life.glad to smile at everyone I meet in my life.First, Id like to smile at my parents, who First, Id like to smile at my parents, who gave gave birth to me, care about me and give me couragebirth to me, care

57、about me and give me courage to face to face the world. the world. Its of great significance toIts of great significance to smile at them to smile at them to show them my respect and gratitudeshow them my respect and gratitude. . Then, I should give myself a smile as well. During Then, I should give

58、 myself a smile as well. During the last 18 years I have been strict with myself, the last 18 years I have been strict with myself, working hard to working hard to make my dreams come truemake my dreams come true. A smile is . A smile is definitely a reward for all the efforts Ive madedefinitely a r

59、eward for all the efforts Ive made. .In a word, its smiling that makes the world a better In a word, its smiling that makes the world a better place. Not only should we smile at ourselves but also place. Not only should we smile at ourselves but also smile at everyone we meet.smile at everyone we meet.60