英文演講技巧

1、 To understand the major process of preparing, delivering and ending a successful presentation. To share with you of some useful tactics when you are giving a presentation. Starter-Communication Preparing your presentation Ending your presentation Delivering your presentationCreating & delivering an

2、 effective presentation requires a basic understanding of the Communication process Human nature is to assume that when we communicate we do so effectively and that if anything goes wrong then it is responsibility of the recipient/audienceThis is known as the:Egocentric（自我中心的） Communication modelThe

3、refore in an ineffective presentation: A presenter decides what he wants to say and how he wants to say it with no regard for the characteristics of the audience The speaker attached too much significant to their own role in the communication process Presenters often forget thatWhen communicating to

4、 an audience there is high chance that a message will not be fully understood Interactive Communication breakdownEncodes（編碼） the messageWhat the presenter thinks he saysWhat the presenter actually sayswhat the receiver thinks he sayWhat the receiver actually sayDecodes（解碼） the messagewhat the receiv

5、er thinks the presenter sayswhat the presenter thinks receiver saysThere is a total 6 chance for a communication breakdown. This has not even taken into consideration communication problems brought about the language or not-face to face presentations Communication is a complex process It is up to th

6、e presenter to check that the message has been received, understood and interpreted correctly Egocentric Communication often fails to deliver the intended message Translation the encoded message will greatly reduce the chance of misinterpretation（曲解） and misunderstanding Structure Aim Audience Profi

7、lingGreetIntroduce SelfAimOutline TalkMain PartsSummary&ConcludeInviteQuestion Your aim is what you want to happen as a result of the presentation It must be defined before you start your preparation Before planning the content and style of your presentation you will need to analyze the audience you

8、 will be presenting to.FormalCo-operativeAssertive （武斷的）InformalDirectiveReflectiveEmotiveSupportivePeoples personalities can be broken down into the following 4 types Your tactics when facing different audience: Emotive(情感型): people orientated and highly sociable Characteristics: Animated, Spontane

9、ous, unstructured and welcome change, dont like detail Advice: Keep presentation short and at overview level Supportive(支援型): High in social ability, low in dominance（統(tǒng)治） Characteristics: Loyal, steady reliable good workers Advice: Avoid being uncaring/aggressive, Stay away from change Your tactics

10、when facing different audience: Directive(指示型): high in dominance, more formal Characteristics: Aggressive, intense, pushy Advice: Stick to facts. Cover each point clinically (客觀地） Reflective(沉思型) : low in dominance, more formal Characteristics: Precise, questioning, aloof(孤僻）, scientific.Occupy pro

11、duct related jobs, scientists and engineers Advice: Supply lots of detail and support information Your tactics when facing different audience: If you know who is the decision maker, than aim the presentation at him/her If not, your best strategy is to prepare for a directive audience personality In

12、order to give a fully effective presentation your style, content and aim should be directed towards a target audience. Only when you have profiled the prospective audience, you can start preparing your presentation Introduction & Beginnings Rhetorical Questions Signposting The beginning of a present

13、ation is very important Good opportunity to build rapport and gain their attention/Breaking the ice: Ask a question Joke Picture/Slides/Media Tell a Story State a problem Let audience to introduce himself A rhetorical question is asked to increase interest amongst the audience but an answer is not e

14、xpected In order to break up a presentation you can present your ideas as questions rather than a series of direct comment sand ideas Question will involve your audience. They also make your presentation sound more conversational and create anticipation in the minds of your audienceQuestion:. Emphat

15、ic StatementSo, just how bad IS the situationcataSTROphicSo, just how difficult IS itimPOssibleSo, just how sure AM I that we can do itpOsitiveSo, just how competitive ARE WEunBEAtableSo, just how good ARE the resultsspectacularSo, just how small IS the risknEgligibleSo, just how new IS this technol

16、ogysTATE of the art Technique to show where one part of a presentation ends and when a new one starts Breaks up the presentation and makes it easier to follow Especially useful in longer presentations to summarize a certain point or to draw a conclusionAn example to deliver a long speech with severa

17、l major points:I am going to talk to you today about.So lets start by looking atOk, thats all I want to say about this point.Now lets move on to Before going on, Id like to mention thatOk finally Id like to turn toSo to sum up First SecondThirdThenNextRight, Let stop there Introduction: A good oppor

18、tunity to break the ice with the audience/build rapport Rhetorical questions: A good way to increase the audiences attention. Signposting: Breaks up a presentation, allow the audience to know when one part ends and another one finishes Summary or conclusion Question and Discussions Handling Question

19、s Summary(摘要): Restates/Reviews key points which audience must understand and remember (informative presentation) Contains no new information and is short, strong, clear Conclusion(結(jié)論): Can contain recommendations/ Suggestion/ calls for action May contain new and important information States the log

20、ical consequences of what has been said (persuasive presentation) Question: Implies audience is less expert than the speaker Beware of “ no question” scenario ( have one or two questions to ask the audience) Remain in control Discussion: Give the impression of equality and more diplomatic Still need

21、 to control the discussion A good presentation can be ruined by a poor question and answer session Before you presentation you should prepare yourself for any possible questions and think carefully about suitable answers. Types of question: Good question: Thank person for asking them. They will help

22、 to your message across the audience. Unnecessary and irrelevant question You have already given this information or this is not a question that you feel to be covered in this presentation. Point this out, answer briefly again and try to move on1. Im sorry, I dont know that off the top of my head2.

23、Thats an interesting point, can I get back to you on that later?3. I think that I answered that earlier.4. Good point5. Interesting, what do you think?6. Well as I said7. Im afraid Im not in the position to comment on that8. Im glad you asked that.9. Well as I mentioned earlier10.To be honest, I thi

24、nk you raised a different issue.11.Thats a very good question.12.Im afraid that I dont have the information with me.The answerGood 4, 8 ,11Unnecessary& Irrelevant3, 6, 9, 10Difficult: 1, 2, 5, 7, 12 Introduction to Visuals Visual Aids: Dos and DontsResearch has shown:The impression made by the visua

25、l aids is about 15% of the overall impact.Speaker is backed by visual aids:Show a process more easilyHelp people to understand and recall figures Create memorable image in the mindMake abstract ideas such as trends, more concreteDos Choose color, font, typeface carefully Face the audience as much as

26、 possible Keep visual aids as clear as possible Use a pointer wherever possible Number your slides and ensure you have a content and summary slideDonts Dont put up so much information at a time Dont block the audiences view Dont start a presentation without being very familiar with your slides Contr

27、olling Presentation Nerves Body language Communication When speaking in public our bodies naturally with into a “Fight” mechanism Adrenaline (腎上腺素）will be pumped into your system. The following situation always happen: Legs wobble and unintentional movement occur Body temperature will increase, swea

28、ty and suffer from a hot forehead Feel stressed, stumble over your words making you speak a lot faster Voice goes dry and you become dehydrated Effective and deeply breathing Dressing, control the body temperature Stand stable, stop unnecessary movement Hold your hand, put them a little bit under yo

29、ur chest You will need to be aware of your body language from the moment you stand up until your presentation is completed People form 90% of their opinion of someone in the 1st 90 seconds A brilliantly prepared presentation can be ruined(荒廢) if accompanied by negative or hostile(敵對(duì)的) body language Eye contact Essential, try to involve the whole audience Face shown has a correct zone for positive eye contact Distance Movement