海事安全管理課件chapter11marpol

1、CHAPTER 11 MARPOLthe International Convention for the Prevention of Marine Pollution from Ships 1. Background 2. Purpose of the Convention3. Convention contents2Historical background3After 1950, with the number of Global trade growth ，oil pollution incidents is also rising. The 1954 International Co

2、nvention for theprevention of oil pollution on such events concern arises at the historic moment.IMO began formal operation in 1959, before the international oil trade prosperity. In less than a short span of 20 years, the world tankIetrletoandns atogeaninicnrceraesaesde1d0ritsimk eosf,mthaerionielt

3、ankpeorlltuotnionna,gespfreocmialalyn carvuedreagoeilopfo3ll0u0t0io0n, thetonspoinllu5t0ioton 7is0n'soat voenrlaygceaoufs5ed00b0y0t0hegraocscsident, tonsa.lso including some such as cargo oil tankcleaning and other conventional shipping business. The oil-water mixture discharged into the sea wil

4、l be cleaned of oil cargo was once a common practice.4Torrey Canyonaccident occurred in 1967 andit threat to the marine environment of theworld . Torrey Canyon ran agroundinChannel and 120000 tons of crude oil leaked into the sea. when the accident occurred it is the most serious oil pollution accid

5、ent for the record.The accident not only led to the discuss of preventing from the shipping oil pollution, also exposed a series of marine accident compensation defects in current system.5IM0 responded quickly, make plan of activities, ledto the Convention on the settlement of a series of legal prob

6、lems caused by the accident of theimplementation.In 1973 adopted a more mature Convention for prevention of pollution from ships of one international convention (MARPOL).6Thepurpose and significanceThe Convention is tend to prevent oil, chemicals, sewage, garbage and other harmful substances polluti

7、on, and made great efforts in dealing with the matter of ship pollution.7The MARPOL Convention was adopted on 2 November 1973 at IMO.The Protocol of 1978 was adopted in response to a spate of tanker accidents in 1976-1977.As the 1973 MARPOL Convention had not yet entered into force, the 1978 MARPOL

8、Protocol absorbed the parent Convention. The combined instrument entered into force on 2 October 1983.In 1997, a Protocol was adopted to amend the Convention and a new Annex VI was added which entered into force on 19 May 2005. MARPOL has been updated by amendments through the years.Six annexesThe M

9、ARPOL Convention includes 20 articles.船舶壓載水管理已經(jīng)被提議將成為附則七ANNEXTopicIPollution by oil (in force Oct 1983) 油類污染IINoxious liquid substances carried in bulk (in force Oct 1990 Jan 2001 as amended 2008) 散裝有害液態(tài)物質(zhì)IIIHarmful substances carried by sea, in packaged form As cargo (in force July 1992) 海運包裝有害物質(zhì)IV

10、Sewage from ships (coming - September 2008) 船舶生活污水VGarbage from ships (in force Dec 1988) 船舶VIAir pollution from ships (in force May 2005)船舶大氣污染1991年溢油結(jié)案9億+9千2百萬美金Annex 1Regulations for the prevention of pollution by oil (Regulation 1 Definitions)防止油污染規(guī)則（定義）Any discharge into the sea of oil or oily

11、mixtures from ships shall be prohibited船舶排放任何 油或油類混合物入海Oil Petroleum in any form including Crude oil, Fuel oil, Sludge, Oil refuse and refined products油-各種形式的石油包括：原油、燃油、油泥、油渣以及精細化工。油類混合物指混合任何油類的物質(zhì)世界原油貿(mào)易量（通過海運）發(fā)生溢油量統(tǒng)計Annex 1Reg 15 covers methods for preventing oil pollution from ships outside (A) and

12、 within (B) special areas條款15包含了防止船舶油污染的辦法:在特殊區(qū)域之外A 和之內(nèi)BReg. 4 (Exceptions) - Reg 15 shall not apply if條款15不適合下述情況a)The discharge into the sea of oil or oily mixture necessary for the purpose of securing the safety of a ship or saving life at sea為保護船舶安全或海上救生必須排放入海b)The discharge into the sea of oil

13、or oily mixtures resultingfrom damage to a ship or its equipment (by grounding / collision forexample)由于船舶損壞引起排放Oil discharge,monitoringandfilteringequipmentReg.14&15油排放、檢測、過濾設備Control of oil dischargeDischarge of oil shall be prohibited following conditions are satisfied:滿足下述條件方可處理exceptwhen al

14、l theThe ship is not within a special area船舶不在特殊區(qū)域The ship is proceeding en route船舶在航行途中The oil content of the effluent without dilution does not exceed 15 parts per million (ppm)排出物含油濃度不超過15 PPM.The oil mixture is processed through oil filtering equipment meeting the requirements of Regulation 14.6

15、所用過濾設備滿足14.6條款DefinitionsSpecialrecognizedareameansaseaareawhereforitstechnicalreasonsinrelationtooceanographical( 海洋學的）andecological conditionandthetotheparticularcharacterofitstraffic ，adoptionofspecialmandatorymethodsforthepreventionofseapollutionbyoilthoseisrequired.SpecialareasshallthisincludeA

16、nnex.listedinregulation 10of“特殊區(qū)域”系指這樣的一個海域，在該海域中，由于其海洋學的和學的情況以及其的特殊性質(zhì)等公認的技術(shù)，要求采取特殊的強制辦法以防止油類物質(zhì)污染海洋。特殊區(qū)域應包括本附則第10條所列各區(qū).Within a special areaDischarge of processed bilge water from machinery spaces isonly allowed if the following are satisfied:下述條件滿足方可處理機械場所艙底污水The ship is proceeding en route 船舶在航行途中

17、The oil mixture is processed through oil filtering equipmentmeeting the requirements of Regulation 14.7所用過濾設備滿足14.7條款要求The oil content of the effluent（流出的） without dilution does notexceed 15ppm 排出物含油濃度不超過15 PPM.The filtering equipment is fitted with an alarm system and astopping device which will en

18、sure that the discharge isautomatically stopped when the oil content exceeds 15ppm 所及超過15PPM自動停止裝置用過濾設備裝有15條款14.6400-10000總噸的船舶應當配備條款14.710000總噸及以上船舶必配滿足條款14.6的過濾設備船旗國的油過濾設備過濾后含油濃度不超過15ppm.另外裝有警報及超過15ppm自動停止裝置If you try to by-pass the OWS it could result in heavy fines and prison. It will definitely

19、 result in instant dismissal from the company如果旁通油水分離器會受到嚴重罰款并坐監(jiān)，公司會將其立即解雇Oil record bookAn oil record book part 1 shall be provided to every Oil tanker over 150 tons, gross tonnage and above.150總噸及以上的油船須配備油類簿第一部分Every ship of 400gt and above, other than oil tankers,shall have an oil record book to

20、record relevantmachinery space operations (Part 1).400總噸及以上非油船，對于機械場所油水相關(guān)操作應記入油類部分簿第一The oil record book must be completed on each occasion, on atank-to-tank basis if appropriate, whenever any of the followingtake place發(fā)生下列操作后必須及時記入油類簿Ballasting or cleaning of oil fuel壓載或燃油柜、艙。Discharge of dirty bal

21、last or cleaning water from fuel柜排放臟的壓載或洗艙水時自油Collection and disposal of oil residues (sludge)收集或處理油渣、污油時Discharge overboard or disposal of bilge water that hasaccumulated in machinery spaces向船外排放或處理艙底污水時Bunkering of fuel or bulk lubricating oil加裝燃油或滑油時Operation操作Code碼代代碼碼代ABallasting or cleaning of

22、 oil fuel壓載或燃油柜、艙BDischarge of dirty ballast or cleaning water from oil fuel section (A) 自油柜排放臟的壓載或洗艙水時as inCCollection and disposal of oil residues (sludge and other oil residues)集或處理油油渣、污、污油油污收DNon-automatic discharge overboard or disposal otherwise of bilge waterfrom machinery spaces 非自動排放艙底污水EAu

23、tomatic discharge overboard or disposal otherwise of bilge water from machinery spaces自動排放艙底污水FCondition of oil filtering equipment 油水分離器的狀態(tài)GAccidental or other exceptional discharges of oil 意外排放油類HBunkering of fuel or bulk lubricating oil加裝燃油或滑油IAdditional operational procedures and general remarks

24、額外的操作和總體狀況說明If you falsify records or make incorrect entries it could result in heavy fines and prison.如果或不正確油水簿，將受到罰款并坐監(jiān)。ShipboardOilPollutionEmergencyPlan (SOPEP)ShipboardOilPollutionEmergencyPlan(asrequiredbyMARPOLannexI, Regulation37)附則一要求船舶必配 <船舶油污應急計劃>Everyoiltankerof150gtandaboveandever

25、yshipofby400gtandaboveshallcarryaSOPEPapprovedthe(Flag)administrationofthevessel,ortheclassasapprovedbytheFlagadministration.150總噸及以上油船和400總噸以上各船必須攜帶由船旗國的SOPEP.SOPEP spill gear should be regularly checked and readily available, the crew should be trained in its use and know their anti-pollution duti

26、es船舶防污染器材應當定期檢查并隨時可用，船員應明白各自的溢油職責和各種器材的使用。SOPEPCONTENTSProcedures to be followed by the pollution incident發(fā)生意外溢油時，船長的匯報程序master to report aA list of authorities orof an incidentsto be contacted in theevent發(fā)生意外溢油時，相關(guān)機構(gòu)或個人的A description of the procedures to be followed by the crew toreduce or control

27、the discharge of oil following an incident發(fā)生意外溢油時，為減少或排放，船員應當采取的措施The procedures for co-ordinating shipboard action withnational and local authorities in controlling the pollution為污染，船舶和當?shù)貦C構(gòu)或協(xié)作的程序，采取的共同措施。REPORTSAreportmustbemadeofifatheremarineisalossorthepotentiallosspollutanttonearest coastal / f

28、lag state當發(fā)生或可能發(fā)生海洋污染損失時，必須向最近的沿岸國/船旗國匯報ReportsReportsmustbemadewhenthesafety of thevesselisaffectedthrough當船舶安全受到威脅時必須匯報：CollisionGroundingexplosion碰撞擱淺失火/Fire/Structural Failure結(jié)構(gòu)損壞Cargoshift貨移ReportsReportsmustbemadewhensafe navigationisaffectedthrough船舶的安全航行受到影響時必須匯報Steeringgearfailure舵機故障Propul

29、sionfailure推進裝置故障Electricplantfailure電力裝置故障Ifessentialnavigationaidsfail必備的航海儀器故障ReportsReportsmustbemadewhen safe cargohandlingisaffectedthrough貨物安全操作受到影響時，必須匯報Flooding進水Spillondeck甲板溢油Special areasThe Mediterranean sea 地中海The Baltic Sea Area的海區(qū)域The black and red sea areas 黑海和紅海The gulfs area 海灣區(qū)域T

30、he Gulf of Aden Area灣海域The Antarctic area南極海域The north West European Waters 西北歐水域Oman Area of the Arabian Sea海的水域Annex 2Regulations for the Control of Pollution by Noxious Liquid Substances in Bulk散裝液態(tài)有害物質(zhì)污染規(guī)則Annex 2NoxiousindicatedliquidinsubstancemeansanysubstancethePollutionCategorycolumnofchapte

31、r171717or18ofofoftheInternationalBulkChemicalCodeorprovisionally assessedundertheprovisionsofZ.regulation6.3asfallingintocategoryX,Yor液體物質(zhì)系指國際散裝化學品規(guī)則第17或18181章8的污染類別欄中所指明的或根據(jù)第6.3條規(guī)定經(jīng)臨時評定列為 、Y或Z類的任何物質(zhì)。ApplicationUnlessexpresslyprovidedotherwise,theprovisionsofthisAnnex shall applytoallships certified

32、tototobulk.carrynoxiousliquidsubstancesinAnnex2Exceptions1 The discharge requirements discharge into the sea ofcontaining such substancesof this Annex shall not apply to the noxious liquid substances or mixtureswhen such a discharge:.1isnecessaryfor thepurposeofsecuringthesafetyofashipor saving life

33、 at sea;必需者；或results from damage to損壞而導致：or此排放系為保障船舶安全或救護海上人命所.2a ship or its equipment:由于船舶或其設備2.1providedthatallreasonableprecautionsthe damage or discoveryhavebeentakenafter the occurrence ofof the dischargedischarge; andfor the purpose of preventing or minimizing the如果在發(fā)生損壞或發(fā)現(xiàn)排放后，為防止排放或使排放減至最低限度

34、，已采取了一切合理的預防措施；和.Annex2theor2.2withexceptintentiftotheownerormasteractedeithercause damage,recklesslyandwithknowledgethatdamagewouldprobablyresult;or但是，如果船東或船長是故意造成損壞，或輕率行事而又知道可能會招致?lián)p壞，則不在此例；或.3isforapprovedbytheAdministration,when beingusedthepurposeofcombatingspecificpollutionincidentsinordertomini

35、mizethedamagefrompollution.AnysuchdischargeGovernmentshallbebebesubjecttotheitapprovalofanyinwhosejurisdictioniscontemplatedthedischargewilloccur.此排放系經(jīng)主管機關(guān)批準用以對抗特定污染事故，以便使污染損害減至最低限度。但任何這種排放，均進行排放所在地區(qū)的管轄國批準。Annex 3Regulations for the prevention of pollution by harmful substances carried by sea in pac

36、kaged form.防止海運有害包裝物質(zhì)污染規(guī)則Packaged form means 包裝物質(zhì)指：Any form of containment other than the ships structure andincludes packaging, freight containers, portable, etc.除船體結(jié)構(gòu)外的任何容器 包括：包裹、運貨箱、便攜式的罐，等Annex III also covers requirements on packaging, labeling,documentation and stowage.附則三還包括了對包裹、文檔和堆放物的要求Othe

37、rrequirementsDangerous goods carried in flammable vapours shall be space or on deck.產(chǎn)生可燃氣體的、以包裝物板上packaged form, which give offstowed in a Mechanically Ventilated的貨物，應該存放在機械通風場所或在甲Paint lockers and flammable liquid lockers shall be protectedan appropriate fire extinguishing system. (fixed system)by油

38、和可燃液體儲藏間應配備合適的滅火系統(tǒng)加以保護（固定式）Stowage paints should not be kept in any part of the accommodation or machinery spaces including steering gearcompartments.存放-油漆不可存放在生活機艙以及舵機房Annex 4Marpol annex IV becomes mandatory for all vessels27thof 400gt and above fromSeptember 20082008年9月27日對所有400總噸及以上船舶附則四強制實施Prev

39、entionofpollutionbysewagefromships防止船舶生活污水污染規(guī)則SewageDrainage and other wastes from any form of toilets, urinals and WCscuppers 洗手間、小便池及廁所下水道排放物Drainage from medical premises via wash basins, scuppers located insuch premises醫(yī)院洗手池、下水道排出物Drainage from spaces containing live animals動物生存場所排放物Any other wa

40、ste water if mixed with any of the混合上述各項的廢水a(chǎn)boveHolding tank a tank used for the collection(or an STP)生活污水儲存柜and storage of sewageInternational sewage pollution preventionissued by the flag state(1973)3) )防止生活污水污染-由船旗國簽發(fā)RequirementstoshipsVessels over 400gt shall be fitted with one of the followings

41、ystems 400總噸以上船舶必須安裝下述系統(tǒng)之一：A type形式approved sewage treatment plant的生活污水處理裝置A sewagecomminuting and disinfecting system approved by theadministration, for the temporary storage of sewage when theship is less than 3船旗國認可的生活污水粉碎、from land系統(tǒng)，以便距岸3海里以內(nèi)臨時存放污水A holding tank constructed to the satisfaction

42、of the administration, of a capacity to the satisfaction of theadministration for the retention of all sewage, having regardsto the operation of the ship, number ofother relevant factorss onboard and根據(jù)船舶航線、等因素，安裝船旗國滿意的（結(jié)構(gòu)、容量）儲藏柜。A standard discharge connection is also required to discharge sewage to

43、 shore side reception facilities必配污水標準通岸接頭DischargeofsewageDischarge of sewage at sea is prohibited unless 滿足下述條件方可排放生活污水：The ship is distance of放經(jīng)過粉碎discharging comminuted and disinfected waste at a more than 3nm from the nearest land距離岸邊3海里以外排的污水If the sewage12nm from theis not disinfected and com

44、minuted then more thannearest land距離岸邊1邊2121海2里以外排放粉碎的污水Sewage from holding while the vessel is enknotsmust be discharged at a moderate rateroute and proceeding at not less than 4船舶在航行途中，船速4海里以上，以中等速率排放儲存柜的污水。The ships is fitted with a sewage treatment plant certified andapproved by the administrati

45、on船舶安裝有船旗國并發(fā)證的生活污水處理裝置Annex 5Regulationsforthepreventionofpollutionbygarbagefromships防止船舶污染規(guī)則Garbagemeansallkindsofvictual(),)domesticandoperationalwasteexcludingfreshfishandpartsthereof,generated during thenormal operation ofthe ship and liabletototobedisposedofcontinuouslyorperiodicallyexceptthose

46、substanceswhicharedefinedorororlistedinotherAnnexestothe present Convention.指的是：各種、艙室的和工作場所的廢棄物，（不包括活的魚及其部分）船舶正常操作所產(chǎn)生的須連續(xù)處理或定期處理的廢物Regulation 2Applicationthisannex(V)appliestoAllships附則五適用于所有船舶Categories of garbage PlasticsCat1Cat Floating dunnage, lining or packing materials漂浮2的日常用品，襯料及包裝材料Cat 3 bo

47、ttles,Ground paper products, rags,crockery etc 粉碎的紙張、破布，glass, m,，金屬，陶瓷等Cat 4 bottles,Cargo residues*, paper products,rags, glass, m,crockeryetc*(0(*0/*100/0/80/05)殘貨，及未粉碎的紙張、破布，5 Food waste 食品廢物，金屬，陶瓷等CatCatmay6 Incinerator ash, except from plastic products whichcontain toxic or heavy mresidues 爐灰，

48、（排除含有重金屬的殘渣）Categories of garbageBIODEGRADABLE可以生物分解的Capable of decomposition by natural means over time經(jīng)過一定時間可自然分解的PERSISTENT長存的constant, continuous fixed, immovable穩(wěn)固不分解的GLASSFOODM金屬WOOD木材PLASTICSPAPERS紙張Marpol annex V garbage record book section 6 definitions參照簿第六解釋Youcannotthrowplasticsoverboard

49、in anyseaarea入海任何海域不可扔PVCs unless the incineratoris IMOtype產(chǎn)物爐）garbage bags, incinerator ashes from plastic products基本材料生物分解時間表Prod品uc產(chǎn)Time to biodegr間ad時e時間間時Cotton rags紗棉棉紗紗棉 1 5 months月1個Paper紙2 5 months月2個張Rope(natural fibre)自然繩3 14 months3月-個Orange peel橘子皮6 months月個Wool socks毛襪1 to 5 years1-5年C

50、igarette filters煙過濾嘴1 to 12 years1-12 年Tetra milk carton牛奶盒5 years5 年Leather shoes鞋皮皮鞋鞋皮25 to 40 years25-40 年Nylon fabric / ropes尼龍繩30 40 years30-40 年P(guān)lastic bags (garbage)袋10 20 years10-20 年6-pack ring holders 包裝材料450 years450年Glass玻1 million years (?) 百萬年璃Plastic bottles瓶Never, ever, ever遠! 永永遠！遠！永程序CollectionProcess Storage收集分類儲存Disposal處理(Garbage Management Plan)管理計劃Within3ofthenearestlandandin allinlandwaters距離最近海岸3海里之內(nèi)及內(nèi)陸水域Youcannot throwanythingat all入海overboard不能扔任何離岸3-12 海里Youcannotthrowo