專業(yè)英語_Electronic Commerce

1、LOGOUnit 2 Business-to-Business E-commerceLOGOImport E-commerceECLOGOChapter 1Introduction to Electronic CommerceECLOGOContents of Chapter1EC Electronic Commerce1 2 Economic Forces and Electronic Commerce3 International Nature of Electronic Commerce45Business Models, Revenue Models, and Business Pro

2、cessesThe Relationship between Electronic Commerce and Others DisciplinesLOGOLearning Objectives:In this chapter, you will learn about:EC (1) What electronic commerce is? (2) How economic forces have created a business environment that is fostering a rebirth of electronic commerce? (3) Why electroni

3、c commerce is international by its very nature and what challenges arise in doing global electronic commerce?LOGOPart oneElectronic CommerceECLOGOLearning Objectives: (1) Define Electronic Commerce and describe its characters. (2) How many categories does Electronic Commerce have and describe these?

4、 (3) Describe and discuss the content and framework of Electronic Commerce. ECLOGOContentsElectronic commerce and Electronic business1 Characters of E-Commerce2ECCategories of Electronic Commerce3456Electronic Commerce FrameworkLOGOElectronic Commerce 1.Electronic commerce and Electronic business(1)

5、 Electronic commerce (e-commerce) Businesses trading with other businesses and internal processes (2) Electronic business (e-business) Term used interchangeably with Electronic commerce A broader definition of EC, which includes: ECLOGOElectronic CommerceEC Buying and selling of goods and services S

6、ervicing customers Collaborating with business partners Conducting electronic transactions within an organizationLOGOElectronic Commerce (cont.) (1) Fictitious: Both sides of trade on Internet not needing to go on face-to-face, the whole trade is totally virtual. (2) Low costs: Electronic commerce h

7、as saved the expenses of information transmitting among enterprises, dispense unnecessary trade links, thus cut down the operating costs of enterprises greatly . EC 2.Characters of E-commerceLOGOElectronic Commerce (cont.)EC (3) Individualization : More individualized demand and individualized purch

8、asing behavior. (4) Agility: Business communicate with users directly through electronic commerce network, so they can response fast and accurately to the multilateral market demand. 2.Characters of E-commerce (continued)LOGOElectronic Commerce (cont.) (5) Global： Market ranges of electronic commerc

9、e are all unified global markets from the concept and realized way. Any company can launch the worldwide commercial activity directly.EC 2.Characters of E-commerce (continued)LOGO 3.Categories of Electronic Commerce(1)Business-to-business (B2B):請看中國新能源網(wǎng)請看中國新能源網(wǎng)(B2B)(2)Business-to-consumer (B2C):請看當(dāng)當(dāng)

10、網(wǎng)請看當(dāng)當(dāng)網(wǎng)(B2C)Four general e-commerce categories(3)Business-to-government (B2G): 請看握奇信安網(wǎng)請看握奇信安網(wǎng)(B2G)Electronic Commerce (cont.)EC(4)Consumer-to-consumer (C2C): 請看淘寶網(wǎng)請看淘寶網(wǎng)(C2C)LOGOElectronic Commerce (cont.) Businesses sell products or services to other businesses. 中國新能源網(wǎng)中國新能源網(wǎng)ECLOGOElectronic Commerce

11、(cont.)Businesses sell products or services to individual consumers.ECLOGOElectronic Commerce (cont.)uThe purchase process of network consumerECLOGOElectronic Commerce (cont.)Businesses sell goods or services to governments and government agencies.ECLOGOElectronic Commerce (cont.)Includes individual

12、s who buy and sell items among themselves.ECLOGOElectronic Commerce EC4.Electronic Commerce Framework EC applications are supported by infrastructure and by five support areas: People Public policy Marketing and advertising Support services Business partnershipsLOGOECElectronic Commerce Applications

13、 PeopleInfrastructurePublic PolicyMarketing andAdvertisementSupport ServicesBusinessPartnerships Electronic Commerce Applications.Direct Marketing .Search Jobs .Online Banking.E-government .E-purchasing .B2B Exchanges.C-commerce .M-commerce .Auctions.Travel .Online Publishing .Consumer Services Peop

14、le:Buyers, Sellers, Intermediaries, and Management Public Policy:Taxes, Legal, Privacy Issues, Regulations, and Technical Standards Marketing and Advertisement:Market Research, Promotionand Web Content Support Services:Logistics, Payments, and Security System Development Business Partnerships:Joint

15、Ventures, Exchanges, E-marketplaces, and Consortium Infrastructure（1）Common business (2)Messaging and informationservices infrastructure distribution infrastructure(Security, Smart card/ (EDI, e-mail, hypertext transferauthentication, Electronic protocol, chat rooms)payments) Infrastructure（3）Networ

16、k infrastructure (4) Interfacing infrastructure(telecom, cable TV, wireless, (database, business partnersInternet, intranet, extranet) application)LOGO Part two Business Models, Revenue Models, Business ProcessesECLOGOLearning Objectives:(1) Describe the business models of Electronic Commerce.(2) De

17、scribe advantages and disadvantages of Electronic Commerce. ECLOGOContents Business model and Revenue model12ECAdvantages of Electronic Commerce324Disadvantages of Electronic Commerce LOGOECu電子商務(wù)網(wǎng)站電子商務(wù)網(wǎng)站LOGOBusiness Models, Revenue Models, and Business Processes (cont.)1.Business model and Revenue m

18、odel (1) Business modelA set of processes that combine to yield a profit (2) Revenue modelUsed to Identify customers Market to those customers Generate sales to those customersECLOGOBusiness Models, Revenue Models, and Business Processes (cont.)EC2.Advantages of Electronic Commerce (1) Electronic co

19、mmerce can increase sales and decrease costs. (2) If advertising is done well on the Web, it can get a firms promotional message out to potential customers in every country. (3) Using e-commerce sales support and order-taking processes, a business can Reduce costs of handling sales inquiries Provide

20、 price quotesLOGOBusiness Models, Revenue Models, and Business Processes (cont.)EC (4) It increases purchasing opportunities for buyers. (5)Negotiating price and delivery terms is easier. (6)The following cost less to issue and arrive securely and quickly Electronic payments of tax refunds Public re

21、tirement Welfare support 2.Advantages of Electronic Commerce (continued)LOGOBusiness Models, Revenue Models, and Business Processes (cont.)3.Disadvantages of Electronic Commerce EC (1) Perishable grocery products are much harder to sell online. 請看請看grocery gateway. com (2) It is difficult to Calcula

22、te return-on-investment Integrate existing databases and transaction-processing software into software that enables e-commerce (3) Cultural and legal obstacles also exist LOGOLOGOPart three Economic Forces and Electronic CommerceECLOGOLearning Objectives:(1) How economic forces have created a busine

23、ss environment that is fostering a rebirth of electronic commerce？(2) How business use electronic commerce to reduce transaction costs？ECLOGOEmphasis & Difficulty:EC(2) The role of Electronic Commerce(3) Network Economic Structures(1) Transaction CostsLOGOContentsEconomics , Two conditions of a

24、market1 Transaction Costs2EC3The role of Economic Structures456Network Economic Structures Network EffectsLOGOEconomic Forces and Electronic Commerce1.Economics ,Two conditions of a market (1) Economics Study of how people allocate scarce resources (2) Two conditions of a market Potential sellers of

25、 a good come into contact with potential buyers A medium of exchange is availableECLOGOEconomic Forces and Electronic Commerce (cont.)(1) Total costs that a buyer and seller incur (2) Significant components of transaction costs Cost of information search and acquisition Investment of the seller in e

26、quipment or in the hiring of skilled employees to supply products or services to the buyerEC2.Transaction CostsLOGOEconomic Forces and Electronic Commerce (cont.) Using Electronic Commerce to reduce transaction costs. Businesses and individuals can use electronic commerce to reduce transaction costs

27、 by Improving flow of information Increasing coordination of actionsEC3.The role of Electronic CommerceLOGOEconomic Forces and Electronic Commerce (cont.) (1) Network economic structures Companies coordinate their strategies, resources, and skill sets (2) Strategic alliances (strategic partnerships)

28、 Relationships created within the network economic structureEC4.Network Economic Structures LOGOEconomic Forces and Electronic Commerce (cont.) (3) Virtual companies Strategic alliances that occur between or among companies operating on the Internet (4) Strategic partners Come together as a team for

29、 a specific project or activityEC4.Network Economic Structures (continued)LOGOEconomic Forces and Electronic Commerce (cont.) As more people or organizations participate in a network, the value of the network to each participant increases.EC5.Network EffectsLOGOA framework for scientific articlesECT

30、itleAuthors and AffiliationAbstractKey WordsIntroductionBody of The PaperConclusionAcknowledgmentReferencesLOGO摘摘 要要EC主要內(nèi)容：主要內(nèi)容：研究的目的與意義研究的目的與意義研究的方法與途徑研究的方法與途徑研究的成果與結(jié)論研究的成果與結(jié)論寫作要點：寫作要點：1.有相對獨立的結(jié)構(gòu)，保證摘要的完整性和獨有相對獨立的結(jié)構(gòu)，保證摘要的完整性和獨立可讀性。立可讀性。2.時態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時，并注意時態(tài)的一致性。時態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時，并注意時態(tài)的一致性。3.開門見山，煩言休敘。開門見山，煩言休敘。

31、LOGO摘摘 要要EC4.避免在摘要中重復(fù)標(biāo)題文字。避免在摘要中重復(fù)標(biāo)題文字。5.摘要中也不用圖表、方程、結(jié)構(gòu)式等非摘要中也不用圖表、方程、結(jié)構(gòu)式等非文字性內(nèi)容。文字性內(nèi)容。6.給出適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)鍵詞。給出適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)鍵詞。LOGO實實 例例EC摘要摘要: 隨著電子商務(wù)的飛速發(fā)展，交易安全成為隨著電子商務(wù)的飛速發(fā)展，交易安全成為制約其發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵。從電子商務(wù)系統(tǒng)對計算機網(wǎng)制約其發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵。從電子商務(wù)系統(tǒng)對計算機網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全、商務(wù)交易安全性出發(fā)，論述了電子商務(wù)絡(luò)安全、商務(wù)交易安全性出發(fā)，論述了電子商務(wù)安全技術(shù)體系結(jié)構(gòu)，安全技術(shù)體系結(jié)構(gòu)， 分析了各安全技術(shù)間的層次分析了各安全技術(shù)間的層次關(guān)系，關(guān)系， 從全局上把握

32、了電子商務(wù)安全機制，并重從全局上把握了電子商務(wù)安全機制，并重點介紹了其中的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。點介紹了其中的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。關(guān)鍵詞關(guān)鍵詞：電子商務(wù)；安全性；加密技術(shù)；：電子商務(wù)；安全性；加密技術(shù)； 體系結(jié)構(gòu)體系結(jié)構(gòu)LOGOExampleECAbstract: The security is the largest trouble that blocks the development of the electronic commerce. Starting from the computer network security and the commercial trade security, in this

33、 paper, we present security system architecture of electronic commerce; LOGOExampleECthe key elements and the relationship between the each two neighboring layers are analyzed in the model. At last, key security technologies of electronic commerce are described in detail.Key words: Electronic commer

34、ce; Security; Encryption techniques; ArchitectureLOGOPart fourInternational Nature of Electronic CommerceECLOGOLearning Objectives: How does the international nature of e-commerce affect its infrastructure?ECLOGOEmphasis & Difficulty:EC (1) Trust Issues on the web (2) Language IssuesLOGOContents

35、Trust Issues on the web1EC2Language Issues34LOGOInternational Nature of Electronic Commerce(1) Companies with established reputations Often create trust by ensuring that customers know who they are Can rely on their established brand names to create trust on the WebEC1.Trust Issues on the webLOGOInt

36、ernational Nature of Electronic Commerce (cont.)(2) Customers inherent lack of trust in “strangers” on the Web Logical and to be expectedFigure :This cartoon from the New Yorker illustrates anonymity on the Web.EC1.Trust Issues on the web (continued)LOGOInternational Nature of Electronic Commerce (c

37、ont.)ECLOGOInternational Nature of Electronic Commerce (cont.) (1) To do business effectively in other cultures Must adapt to those cultures (2) Researchers have found that customers are more likely to buy products and services from Web sites in their own language.2.Language IssuesECLOGOInternationa

38、l Nature of Electronic Commerce (cont.) (3) Localization Translation that considers multiple elements of the local environment 2.Language Issues (continued)ECLOGOPart fiveThe Relationship Between Electronic Commerce and Others DisciplinesECLOGOLearning Objectives: (1) The major disciplines which are

39、 related with EC. (2) The issues with which these major disciplines are concerned.ECLOGOEmphasis & Difficulty: (1) The relationship between Electronic Commerce and Computer science, Marketing, Consumer behavior and psychology, Finance, Economics, Management information systems, Management, Busin

40、ess law and ethics. (2) The issues each discipline concerned.ECLOGOContentsElectronic Commerce and Computer science1Electronic Commerce and Marketing2Electronic Commerce and Consumer behavior, psychology3Electronic Commerce and Finance456Electronic Commerce and Economics Electronic Commerce and Mana

41、gement information systems7Electronic Commerce and Management 8Electronic Commerce and Business Law、ethics ECLOGOThe relationship between Electronic Commerce and others disciplines Such as languages, multimedia, and networks, fall into the discipline of computer sciences. Intelligent agents play a m

42、ajor role in EC as well.1.Electronic Commerce and Computer scienceECLOGOThe relationship between Electronic Commerce and others disciplines (cont.)EC Many issues of marketing offline are relevant to online ECfor example, cost benefits of advertisements and advertisement strategies. Other issues are

43、unique to EC, ranging from online marketing strategy to interactive kiosks.2.Electronic Commerce and MarketingLOGOThe relationship between Electronic Commerce and others disciplines (cont.)EC Consumer behavior is the key to the success of B2C trade, but so is the behavior of the sellers. The relatio

44、nship between cultures and consumer attitude in electronic market is an example of a research issue in the field.3.Electronic Commerce and Consumer behavior, psychologyLOGOThe relationship between Electronic Commerce and others disciplines (cont.)EC The financial markets and banks are one of the maj

45、or participants in EC. Also, financing arrangements are part of many online transactions. Issues such as using the Internet as a substitute for a stock exchange and fraud in online stock transactions are a sample of the many topics of the field.4.Electronic Commerce and FinanceLOGOThe relationship b

46、etween Electronic Commerce and others disciplines (cont.)EC Electronic commerce is influenced by economic forces and has a major impact on world and country economies. 5.Electronic Commerce and EconomicsLOGOThe relationship between Electronic Commerce and others disciplines (cont.)EC The information

47、 systems department is usually responsible for the deployment of EC. This discipline covers issues ranging from systems analysis to systems integration, implementation, security, and payment systems, among others.6.Electronic Commerce and Management information systemsLOGOThe relationship between Electronic Commerce and others disciplines (cont.) Electronic commerce efforts needs to be managed properly, and becau