which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上which 在定語(yǔ)從句中的用法     關(guān)系代詞 which 一般指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)，既可引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，又可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。下面就進(jìn)行歸納總結(jié)：     1. 引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句     A shop should keep a stock of those goods which sell best.     商店應(yīng)存有最暢銷(xiāo)的貨物。    

2、0;This is the family which is planning to move to the party.     這是要搬進(jìn)城里的一家。     2. 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。     （ 1 ）用來(lái)指代一個(gè)句子。     Internet is so interesting, which makes all possible happen.     因特網(wǎng)是如此有趣，它使任何事都有

3、可能發(fā)生。     （ 2 ）用來(lái)指代句子的一部分。     When deep in thought, which he often was, he would forget all around him.     他常常陷入沉思，這時(shí)他就會(huì)忘掉周?chē)囊磺小?    （ 3 ）如果要引導(dǎo)兩個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，第二個(gè) which 前要加 and.     He bought a book, whi

4、ch was written by LuXun, and which he decided to give to his friend.     他買(mǎi)了本魯迅寫(xiě)的書(shū)，他決定送給朋友。     3. 名詞 of which （ of which 名詞 whose + 名詞）通常放在先行詞的后面。     I'd like a room the window of which looks out over the sea. / I'd like a room of

5、 which the window looks out over the sea. / I'd like a room whose window looks out over the sea.     我要一間窗戶(hù)面臨大海的房間。     4. 介詞 which 的替代作用。     （ 1 ）作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)替代 when 。     There used to be a time at which / during which （

6、 = when ） the Chinese people struggled for freedom.     中國(guó)人曾有一段為自由而斗爭(zhēng)的日子。     （ 2 ）作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)替代 where 。     This is the office in which （ = where ） I used to work.     這是我過(guò)去工作過(guò)的辦公室。     （ 3 ）作原因狀語(yǔ)替代 why 。

7、    I'd like you to explain the reason for which （ why ） you were absent.     我想讓你解釋一下缺席的原因。     （ 4 ）作方式狀語(yǔ)替代 that 或省略。     There are many ways in which （ that / 省略） we can solve the problem.     

8、解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題有很多方法。     5. which, when, where 關(guān)系詞的選擇。     關(guān)系副詞 when 與 where 用于引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，往往修飾句中表示地點(diǎn)或時(shí)間的名詞。但是，有時(shí)候在表示時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)的名詞后面卻不能用 when 或 where ，而該用 which 或 that 。     Is this the factory which / that produces all kinds of washing machines? （ which /

9、that 在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，指代前面的 the factory ）這就是生產(chǎn)各種洗衣機(jī)的那家工廠嗎？     I often think of the days which / that we spent together on the seaside. （ which / that 在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)，指代 the days ，此時(shí)可省略。）我經(jīng)常想起我們一起在海灘度過(guò)的日子。     The river where I used to swim is now seriously polluted.  

10、;   （ where 在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)， where = in which = in the river ）我過(guò)去常去游泳的那條河現(xiàn)在已被嚴(yán)重地污染了。     I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.     （ when 在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)， when = on which = on the day ）我仍然記得我第一次來(lái)北京的日子。     總結(jié)：在表示時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)的名詞

11、后面，選擇何種關(guān)系詞，應(yīng)看它們?cè)趶木渲械淖饔?，即在從句中充?dāng)什么成份。如果在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，就該用 when 或 where ；如果在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)等，則應(yīng)用 which / that 。     6. 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞 which, as 的選擇。     關(guān)系代詞 as 與 which 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)可以用整個(gè)句子作為先行詞，指代上文或下文所說(shuō)的一件事。     He said he'd been working in

12、the office for an hour, which / as was true.     他說(shuō)他一直在辦公室工作了一個(gè)小時(shí)，這是真的。     總結(jié)：     （ 1 ） Which 指前面主句所提到的這件事，常譯為“這件事，這一點(diǎn)”等； as 具有“正如、像、由而知、與一致”的意思。     He was elected mayor of the city, which made us happy.   &

13、#160; 他被選為這個(gè)市的市長(zhǎng)，這使我們很高興。     As we expected, he didn't appear at the party.     正如我們所預(yù)料，他沒(méi)有在聚會(huì)上出現(xiàn)。     （ 2 ） Which 在句法上一般用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)，這時(shí)它所引導(dǎo)的從句與主句之間常含有并列、因果關(guān)系；句法上， as 常作一些實(shí)義動(dòng)詞（如 see, know, report, watch, remember, say, tell, show, ex

14、pert, guess 等）的賓語(yǔ)。     I bought my sister a big toy, which （ = and that ） delighted her greatly.     我給妹妹買(mǎi)了一個(gè)大玩具，這使她非常高興。     As is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.     眾所周知，月球每個(gè)月環(huán)繞地

15、球運(yùn)行一次。     （ 3 ） which 引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句位置比較固定，通常位于句末，不可移至句首；而 as 所引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句的位置比較靈活，可以位于句末，也可以位于句首或句中。     Taiwan is a beautiful island, as （ which ） we know.     正如我們所知，臺(tái)灣是一個(gè)美麗的島嶼。     As （不用 Which ） he realized, I was very

16、 useful to him.     他意識(shí)到我對(duì)他很有用。     Mary, as we had expected, passed the exam.     正如我們所預(yù)料， Mary 通過(guò)了考試。     （ 4 ）當(dāng)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是否定形式或從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞接了一個(gè)復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，一般用 which 而不用 as 。     He pretended not to know me, which I didn't understand.     他假裝不認(rèn)識(shí)我，我真不明白為什么。     He admires everyone in the class, which I find quite strange.     他羨慕班里的每個(gè)學(xué)生，我覺(jué)得很奇怪。     （ 5 ）不能省去非限定性定語(yǔ)從句中的 be 動(dòng)詞時(shí)，用 wh