高中英語人教版選修八unit3導(dǎo)學(xué)案教師版

1、黃州西湖中學(xué)高二英語學(xué)科導(dǎo)學(xué)活頁案 年級：_ 班級：_ 學(xué)生姓名：_ ：_月_日 Unit 3 Inventers and inventions 課型一：閱讀課(warming up, pre-reading, reading and comprehending)課型二：詞匯課(Discovering useful words and phrases)課型三：語法課(Discovering useful structure)課型四；語言技能課(Using language)課型五：寫作課(Reading and writing)課型六：測試課課型一：閱讀課教學(xué)內(nèi)容Warming up; Pre

2、-reading; Reading; Comprehending教學(xué)目標(biāo) 1. 了解科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)與創(chuàng)造發(fā)明的區(qū)別及發(fā)明產(chǎn)生的過程和專利認定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。2. 掌握本單元教學(xué)目的和要求中的詞匯和短語的用法。3. 熟悉掌握過去分詞做定語、表語和賓語補足語的用法。4. 進一步熟悉打電話用語和書信格式，并學(xué)會寫求職信。短語：patent, courtyard,distinguish, monitor, release, claim, file, bear, dot, tap, reproduce，merciful, product, cube, cubic, caution, valid, convenient

3、, expectation, passive, merry, seize, criterion, ripe, string, glue, freezing, greengrocer, identification, directory, dial, file, ripe, dynamic, tap, wire, straw, current, helicopter, triangle, stable, associate, practical, court, extension, version, competencePeriod 1自主學(xué)習(xí)&合作探究Warming up Task 1

4、. 說說中國古代的四大發(fā)明是那些。Gun powder (火藥) compass (指南針) printing papermaking Task 2. 討論Warming up問題， 欣賞一些圖片，說一說哪些是發(fā)現(xiàn)，哪些是發(fā)明，并總結(jié)出發(fā)現(xiàn)和發(fā)明的特點。Task 3. 說一說你所知道的偉大發(fā)明以及這些發(fā)明對人類生活的產(chǎn)生了哪些重大影響。Pre-readingTask 4. 討論Pre-reading 中的問題，了解發(fā)明家為了讓其發(fā)明得到認可所必須通過的六個程序，并預(yù)測一下這幾個程序的先后順序。Task 5. 預(yù)習(xí)課文，試著翻譯下面的句子，可以小組討論.1. Here was a chance

5、for me to distinguish myself by inventingsomething merciful that would catch snakes but not harm them. 這回我有機會來表現(xiàn)一下自己了。我要發(fā)明某種仁慈的東西，既可以把蛇捉住，而又不會傷害它們。2. The first thing I did was to see if there were any products that might help me, but there only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes. 我所做的第一件事就

6、是看看有沒有現(xiàn)成的任何產(chǎn)品能幫助我。但是，看來只有一種毒蛇的藥粉。_3. Between the outside and the inside walls of the bowl there is somejelly, which freezes then cooled, I put the bowl into the fridge and waited for 24 hours.在碗的內(nèi)壁和外壁都抹上果凍，這些果凍冷卻后會凍結(jié)。我把這個碗放進冰箱，冷凍了24個小時。_4.The next morning I carried in my hand a small net used for ca

7、tching fish.This was in the expectation that the snakes would bite again. But monitored carefully, the snake s proved to be no trouble and all went according to plan.第二天早晨我的手里拿了一個捕魚用的小網(wǎng)。這是因為我預(yù)料蛇還全再咬人。但是經(jīng)過仔細監(jiān)視，證明這些蛇是制造不了麻煩的，一切都按計劃進行著。_5. Pressed by my friends and relations, I decided to seize theoppo

8、rtunity to get recognition for my successful idea by sendingmy invention to the patent office.由于朋友和親戚的敦促，我決定把我這次的發(fā)明運到專利局去，請他們對我這次成功的思路給予認可。_6.The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideas accepted unless they are truly novel. (P21)(評定）專利標(biāo)準(zhǔn)非常嚴(yán)格，除非新的想法真是新穎的，否則很難被接受_成果展示Task 6 展示自主學(xué)習(xí)

9、&合作探究任務(wù)成果。Period 2自主學(xué)習(xí)&合作探究ReadingTask 1. Fast-reading. 找出文章主旨大意。1) The text tells the problems of _and presents the procedures of _ them and applying for a _.2） 將課文分為四部分，找出每個部分的大意。Part I （Para1） The requirement of getting a patent.Part II (Para2-3) The attempts to catch the snakes.Part III

10、(Para 4-6) The discovery of the problem of the snake.Part IV(Para7-8) The research on the approaches to solve the problem.Task 2. Detailed reading 完成下列表格ParagraphStages Examples in this story1Find a problemThe snake must be _but not_Do researchLook for _ of removal; the _ of snakesTest the solution

11、several timesTry_ times to make it work_7Apply for a patentFill in the form and filed patent application with the Paten OfficeTask 3 完成課后練習(xí)一（P21）成果展示1. 展示自主學(xué)習(xí)&合作探究任務(wù)成果。2. 教師總結(jié)并評價。檢測反饋 Period 3-4課型二：詞匯課(Discovering useful words and phrases)學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)： 學(xué)習(xí)并掌握本單元所學(xué)的詞匯和短語。自主學(xué)習(xí)：1. 【原句】When I called up my mo

12、ther in the countryside on the telephone she was very upset. (P20) 我給住在鄉(xiāng)下的母親打電話的時候，她感到很心煩。觀察例句：Your letter calls up those pleasant days when we worked together. 你的來信使我回想起往日我們一起工作的快樂日子。The makers have called in some cars with dangerous faults. 制造商已經(jīng)要求把某些有大毛病的汽車收回。Success calls for hard work. 要想成功, 必須

13、苦干。歸納總結(jié)：call up_call back _ call out _call in _ call at_call for _ call on _ 根據(jù)提示寫出下面電話用語 call up = ring up= ring= call 打電話 call back = ring back 回電話 hang on/ hold on 不掛斷電話 ring off 掛斷電話 answer the phone 接電話即學(xué)即練：根據(jù)句意填入適當(dāng)?shù)慕椤⒏痹~The government calls_ the youth to donate their blood voluntarily. He is il

14、l; you should call_the doctor right away. Please tell him to call _. My number is 5766490. I shall cal_ his home tomorrow, and could you go with me? 2. Snakes come near the house now and then，and they seem to have made their home here，not far from the walnut tree. (P20)蛇時不時地爬到房子附近，似乎是在房子附近離胡桃樹不遠的地方安

15、家了。觀察例句：Everyone needs a pat on the back now and then. 每個人都需要不時地得到鼓勵。He went to see his grandmother every now and then. 他時常去看他的祖母。思考：表示“時而，有時”的同義詞或短語還有哪些？【思考提示】sometimes；from time to time；every now and again, at times, once in a while, occasionally等。_歸納總結(jié)：now and then偶爾；有時 即學(xué)即練：他時常提出一些奇怪的問題。He raise

16、s some strange questions now and then . 我喜歡偶爾去看電影。Id like to go to the cinema now and then . 3. 【原句】Here was a chance for me to distinguish myself by inventing something merciful that would catch snakes but not harm them. (P20)這次我有機會來表現(xiàn)一下自己了。我要發(fā)明某種仁慈的東西，既可以把蛇捉住，又不會傷害它們。1)distinguish 觀察例句：Jim disting

17、uished himself in the examinations, reaching the top place in all his subjects. 吉姆考試成績突出, 所有的科目都名列前茅。People who cant distinguish between colours are said to be colour-blind. 不能辨別顏色的人被稱為色盲。What was it that distinguished her from her classmates? 是什么使得她有別于班上其他同學(xué)呢？歸納總結(jié)：distinguish vi. vt. 顯示的差別，使有所不同；辨別

18、distinguished adj.卓越的，著名的，杰出的distinguishable adj.易分辨的，能區(qū)分的distinguish between.and.區(qū)分/辨別和distinguish.from.使有別于，使具有區(qū)別于的特征be distinguished for.因而出名distinguish oneself (as.)（作為）表現(xiàn)突出distinguish by 以為特征即學(xué)即練：完成句子作為運動員她已經(jīng)享有盛名。She has already distinguished herself as an athlete. (distinguish)孩子們幾歲的時候才能明辨是非？A

19、t what age are children able to distinguish between right and wrong? (distinguish)是什么使得她有別于她的同班同學(xué)？What was it that distinguished her from her classmates? (distinguish)2) Merciful觀察例句：The merciful king saved the young officer from death. 仁慈的國王把年輕的軍官從死神手中救了出來。They had little mercy on their enemy. 他們對敵

20、人決不留情。They were lost at sea, at the mercy of the wind and weather. 他們在海上迷了路，任憑風(fēng)和天氣的擺布。歸納總結(jié)：merciful adj. _ mercy n. _mercifully adj._ mercilessly adv._show no mercy to_have mercy on _at the mercy of _即學(xué)即練: 用mercy的不同形式填空The merciless king showed no mercy and decided to kill all the prisoners; at last

21、 the merciful queen saved them. 4.【原句】I set about researching the habits of snakes to find the easiest way to trap them. (P20)于是我就著手研究蛇的習(xí)性，以便能找到最簡單的方法來捕蛇。觀察例句：We set about our task at once with great enthusiasm. 我們立刻興致勃勃地開始我們的任務(wù)。 Setting the chair aside, he sat on the floor. 他把椅子擱到一旁, 坐在地板上。思考： set

22、about 和set out表示“開始做”時在形式上有什么不同？不同點主要體現(xiàn)在其后所接的非謂語形式上，即：set about doing sth. set out to do sth. 歸納總結(jié)：set about_set out _ set off_set back_ set down_set aside_即學(xué)即練：完成句子她每周都省出一點錢以備將來之需。She set aside a little money each week for future use. （set）如果你想趕上火車，你最好立刻動身去火車站。If you want to catch that train youd b

23、etter set off for the train station immediately. （set）5. 【原句】They abruptly disappeared into a convenient hole in the wall. (P20) 它們突然一下子就消失在附近的墻洞里了。觀察例句：The school is at convenient distance from my home. 學(xué)校在我家附近。The place is convenient for bathing. 這地方適合游泳。Come by to pick me up at your convenience.

24、在你方便的時候來接我。在你方便的時候請來看我們。誤Please come to see us when you are convenient. 正Please come to see us when it is convenient for you. 歸納總結(jié)：Convenient adj. 便利的；方便的; 就近的convenience n.方便，便利；適宜；省事It is convenient for sb.to do sth.做某事對某人來說是方便的be convenient to.到達某處很方便at ones convenience在方便的時候；在適宜的地方at your earlie

25、st convenience盡早for convenience為了方便即學(xué)即練： 完成句子如果你方便的話我想去拜訪你。I would like to visit you if it is convenient for you . (convenient)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)讓我們間的聯(lián)系便利了。Internet makes it convenient for us to get in touch with each other. (convenient)6. 【原句】This was in the expectation that the snakes would bite again. (P21) 這是因

26、為我預(yù)料蛇還會再咬人。觀察例句：He took an umbrella with him in expectation of rain. 他預(yù)料天會下雨, 帶了一把傘。The plan has succeeded beyond our expectation. 這項計劃竟出乎我們意料地獲得了成功。歸納總結(jié)：expectation n. 預(yù)料；期待；期望come/ live up to ones expectation_beyond expectation _in expectation of _即學(xué)即練：完成句子他的表演辜負了我們的期望。His performance didnt live u

27、p to our expectations . (expectation)我一向喜歡他的電影，但最新的一部沒有我料想的那么好。I usually enjoy his movies，but the latest one didnt come up to my expectations . (expectation)難句解析：7. The first thing I did was to see if there were any products that might help me，but there only seemed to be powders designed to kill sna

28、kes. (P20)我所做的第一件事就是看有沒有什么產(chǎn)品能幫助我，但是，看來只有一種毒死蛇的藥粉。點撥：（1）句中but連接兩個并列分句，現(xiàn)對其結(jié)構(gòu)分析如下：(2）there seemed to be是there be句型的變體，表示“似乎有”。there be句型中的be有時還可以換成其他表示“有，存在”的詞，如live，stand， lie，remain等。即學(xué)即練： 一句多譯由于沒有牛奶了，所以他去超市買一些。As there was no milk, he went to the supermarket to buy some. （主從復(fù)合句）There being no milk,

29、he went to the supermarket to buy some. （獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)）8.Only after you have had that recognition can you say that you are truly an inventor. (P21)只有得到那種認可，你才可以說自己是一個真正的發(fā)明家。點撥： only狀語（副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句）位于句首時，句子需部分倒裝。Only when the war was over was he able to get back to work. 只有戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束了，他才能回去工作。Only you are respons

30、ible for what you will become in the future. 只有你對你自己的未來負責(zé)。即學(xué)即練：只有用這種方法你才能學(xué)好英語。Only in this way can you learn English well . Period 5課型三：語法課(Discovering useful structure)教學(xué)內(nèi)容:復(fù)習(xí)過去分詞作定語、表語和賓語補足語教學(xué)目標(biāo)掌握過去分詞作定語、表語和賓語補足語。自主學(xué)習(xí)&合作探究Task 1 找出劃線部分在句中所做的成分。1. The first thing I did was to see if there were

31、any products that might help me, but there only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes.2. I placed the frozen bowl over the snakes habitat 3. The next morning I carried in my hand a small net used for catching fish.4. Look at the excited boy! 5. So many thousands of terrified people died. 6. E

32、veryone present was very inspired at his speech.7. You seem frightened.8. We found everything around changed.9. The readers wished the serial story continued. Task 2 觀察下列例句，歸納過去分詞用法。1、 過去分詞作定語The question discussed yesterday was very important.昨天討論的問題很重要。fallen leaves落葉faded flowers凋謝的花1） 過去分詞作定語的時態(tài)

33、和語態(tài)意義歸納總結(jié)： 及物動詞的過去分詞作定語通常表示被動和完成，即被修飾詞通常是過去分詞所表示的動作的承受者，且該動作已完成；不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語時僅表示完成。2）位置A watched pot never boils. 心急鍋不開。 This will be the best novel of its kind ever written. 這本小說將是這類小說中寫得最好的。The suggestion（which had been) sent to the committee was adopted. 呈送給委員會的建議被采納了。歸納總結(jié)：單一的過去分詞作定語一般放在被修飾的名詞之前

34、。過去分詞短語作定語通常放在被修飾的名詞之后。過去分詞及過去分詞短語作定語一般均可以轉(zhuǎn)換為一個定語從句。 二、過去分詞作表語I am pleased with the result of the experiment. 我對試驗結(jié)果很滿意。歸納總結(jié)：過去分詞作表語，通常表示主語所處的狀態(tài)，這時過去分詞可以被看作一個形容詞, 是形容詞化的過去分詞。常見的有:seated, surprised, astonished, amazed, moved, exhausted, worried, devoted, pleased, inspired, encouraged, excited, deligh

35、ted, satisfied, scared, frightened, disappointed等。 三、過去分詞作賓語補足語 1. I must get my bike repaired.我必須請人修理自行車。The girl was found beaten black and blue.人們發(fā)現(xiàn)那女孩被打得青一塊紫一塊。When we got to school，we saw the door locked. 當(dāng)我們到學(xué)校時，我們看到門被鎖上了。They are going to have the entrance hall painted white. 他們準(zhǔn)備讓人把門廳粉刷成白色。歸

36、納總結(jié)：作賓語補足語的過去分詞一般是及物動詞，通常和賓語有邏輯動賓關(guān)系。觀察以下幾組例句，總結(jié)出過去分詞做賓語補足語的四個結(jié)構(gòu)：We thought the game lost.我們認為球賽輸了。She felt a great weight taken off her mind. 她覺得心里輕松了些。1）歸納總結(jié)：see, hear, watch, feel, find, observe, notice, look at, listen to 表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的動詞；I have my hair cut once a month.我每個月理一次發(fā)。He was trying to make

37、 himself understood.他正努力使別人聽懂自己?！癶ave + 賓語 + done”結(jié)構(gòu)有三個含義： (請人)把某事做完。 She had her house repaired. 她請人把屋子修好了。 Where did you have your hair cut?你在哪兒理的發(fā)? 遭遇某種意外情況。 He had his hat blown away on his way home. 在回家的路上他的帽子被吹掉了。 She had her wallet stolen yesterday. 昨天她的錢包被偷了。 完成某事 (自己也可能參與)。 I have had all m

38、y spelling mistakes corrected. 我把所有的拼寫錯誤都改正了。 He has had one thousand yuan saved this year. 他今年已存了1000元。2） 歸納總結(jié)：動詞-ed形式可作使役動詞的賓語補足語, 這類動詞包括make, get, have, keep, leave, hold等。He wont like such questions discussed at the meeting.他不喜歡在會議上討論這樣的問題。The students wish the TV serial plays continued.學(xué)生們希望電視連

39、續(xù)劇繼續(xù)播下去。3)歸納總結(jié)：動詞-ed形式可作表示希望、要求、命令等動詞的賓語補足語，這類動詞包括like, want, wish, expect, order等”這一類動詞的后面作賓語補足語。With many brightly colored flowers planted around the building, his house looks like a beautiful garden. 周圍種了許多色彩鮮艷的花, 他的房子看上就像一座漂亮的花園。 With fallen leaves buried in the earth every year, the soil become

40、s richer and richer.隨著落葉每年被埋在土里，土壤變得越來越肥沃。4） 歸納總結(jié)：過去分詞用在“with+賓語+賓補”這一結(jié)構(gòu)中, 過去分詞與賓語之間是動賓關(guān)系。四、現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞的區(qū)別I know the man standing there. 我認識站在那兒的那個人。Is there anything planned for tonight? 今晚有什么活動嗎? Period 7-8課型四；語言技能課(Using language)教學(xué)內(nèi)容Listening and speaking & Reading,教學(xué)目標(biāo) 了解電話發(fā)明者貝爾的發(fā)明及其成功的原因。自主學(xué)

41、習(xí)&合作探究.Task1 討論：What great inventors do you know? What are their great inventions?_Task 2. Get the main idea of the text.The text mainly tells us some information about Bell and his inventionsTask 3. Get some general information of Bell.Task 4. 完成課后練習(xí) P26.自主學(xué)習(xí)&合作探究Language points：1. 【原句】I ca

42、nnot bear the smell of sausage burnt on the barbecue. (P24)我忍受不了烤肉架上烤香腸的味道。觀察例句：We will bear all the expenses. 我們將承擔(dān)所有的費用。She was unable to bear. 她忍受不了啦。He cant bear being laughed at. 他不能容忍被嘲笑。You must bear in mind what your parents have told you. 你要記住你的父母告訴你的。Who will bear the responsibility? 誰將承擔(dān)責(zé)

43、任? You must be ready to endure hardships and even death. 你必須準(zhǔn)備忍受艱苦, 甚至死亡。歸納總結(jié)：bear vt. (bore, born（e）) 忍受；忍耐；負擔(dān)bear doing/n./to do.忍受bear sb./sb.s doing sth.忍受某人做某事bear sb./sth.out證實；為作證bear with sb./sth.耐心對待；容忍bear sth.in mind牢記bear the responsibility/ blame 承受責(zé)任/受責(zé)備即學(xué)即練：翻譯下列各句中動詞bear的漢語意思I cannot

44、bear his speaking to me in that rude manner. (忍受，容忍）He was born with a good memory. （出生）The trees have borne rich fruit. （結(jié)果實）She has already borne several children. （生育）His shoulders can bear a heavy load. （負擔(dān)）2.【原句】Leave the beaten track occasionally and dive into the woods. ( P25) 偶爾離開平路去尋求困境。 觀察

45、例句:Diving into her bag, she found a handkerchief just in time. 她迅速地在她的提包里翻了一下, 正好找到了一塊手帕。Jim dived into the argument as usual without thinking. 吉姆同往常一樣不加思考便加入了這場爭論。The men are diving for pearls. 這些人正在潛水采集珍珠。When the shots sounded in the street, he made a dive for the nearest doorway. 街上響起槍聲時, 他一頭鉆進最

46、近的門口里。歸納總結(jié)：dive_dive into向某方向沖去或奔去；跳入（頭朝下）；一心投入dive for _go diving _make a dive for sth _take a dive into(the subject )_即學(xué)即練：根據(jù)句意用dive的正確搭配填空Professor Smith is taking a dive into a new project. （dive n. ）史密斯教授正在潛心鉆研一個新的項目。 The main purpose of his holiday to Greece is to go diving (dive v.)他到希臘度假的主要目

47、的就是去潛水。The swimmer dived into the river to save the drowning child. （dive v. ）這位游泳者跳入河里去營救那個溺水的小孩。3.【原句】Bell never set out to invent the telephone and what he was trying to design was a multiple telegraph. (P25)貝爾并非一開始就要發(fā)明電話，他本來想設(shè)計的東西是多路電報。觀察例句：The government has set out to make many needed reforms.

48、 政府開始進行許多必要的改革。歸納總結(jié)：set out to do sth. 開始做某事；著手進行（計劃）set off _ set about _set up_ set in_set aside_思考:并寫出下列劃線短語的意義We set off at dawn so that we could get to the coast before lunch time. （出發(fā)，動身）The novel is set in pre-war London. （以為背景）The demonstrators set fire to the mayors house. （放火燒）He set aside

49、 his work and came to help his friend out.把置于一邊）We set about our task at once with great enthusiasm.開始著手做）They set out for Britain to travel yesterday. （出發(fā)）They set up a factory for making television sets. （開辦，建立, 創(chuàng)立）即學(xué)即練：根據(jù)句意填入適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞他問我他該如何著手學(xué)習(xí)德語。He asked me how he should set about learning the G

50、erman language. 咱們把個人感情放在一邊。Lets set aside our personal feelings. 第二天一早, 他就動身步行去長沙。Early the next morning he set out/off on foot for Changsha. 政府已成立了一個委員會來調(diào)查捕魚業(yè)。The government has set up a committee to examine the fishing industry. 4.Although he is most often associated with the invention of the tel

51、ephone, he was indeed a continuing searcher after practical solutions to improve the quality of everybodys life. （P26）雖然經(jīng)常把他與電話的發(fā)明聯(lián)系在一起，但是他實際上是一位為改善人民的生活質(zhì)量而不斷尋求切實有效方法的探索者。觀察例句：We associated with all sorts of people. 我們與各種各樣的人打交道。I often associate summer with holidays. 我常把夏日與假日聯(lián)系起來。In association wit

52、h his friends, he runs a big business. 與朋友聯(lián)合，他經(jīng)營著一筆大生意。歸納總結(jié)：associate vt. 聯(lián)想；聯(lián)系 n. 同伴；伙伴associated adj.有關(guān)聯(lián)的，相關(guān)的association n.聯(lián)合；聯(lián)想；交往；協(xié)會，團體associate A with B把A和B聯(lián)系在一起；由A聯(lián)想到Bbe associated with.和有關(guān)associate with sb.與某人交往或常打交道in association with.與合伙/合作歸納總結(jié)：他不讓他的兒子與那個壞小子交往。He wont have his son associate with that bad guy. (associate)一聞到花香我就聯(lián)想到我的童年。I always associate the smell of those flowers with my childhood. （associate）5. 【原句】Hang on, please. 請稍等。 (P26)觀察例句：Im sorry the line is busy, would you like to hang on