全國高考英語語法填空專項復(fù)習(xí)（課堂PPT）

1、12017年全國高考英語語法填空年全國高考英語語法填空 專題復(fù)習(xí)專題復(fù)習(xí)2考綱解讀考綱解讀一篇一篇200字左右的短文或?qū)υ捵肿笥业亩涛幕驅(qū)υ?話題貼近學(xué)話題貼近學(xué)生生活。生生活。能力考查：能力考查： 理解語篇、句子結(jié)構(gòu)、理解語篇、句子結(jié)構(gòu)、 運用語法、單詞短語運用語法、單詞短語空格類型空格類型有提示詞有提示詞無提示詞無提示詞32014-2016全國卷語法填空知識點分布2014一卷2014二卷2015一卷2015二卷2016一卷2016二卷2016三卷名詞changespaintingsabilityattractiondaysachievementstudiesdevelopment形容詞cl

2、eaner amazingpatientdisappointednaturalgreater副詞actuallysuddenlybeforeregularlyslowlyofficiallyregularlygradually時態(tài)語態(tài)主謂一致wascaughtarrivedisgoeswas allowedisbe madewere非謂語to reducebeing/to stop/ridingconductedlivingbuilt/usingto coolpermittedintroducingto bringto createusing代詞meitsits冠詞thethethea介詞to

3、byattoonwith連詞orandand從句that定語that定語How賓語When定語when狀語Who定語短語搭配as as特殊句式Did疑問make祈使4根據(jù)上表，我們知道，語法填空的考點或根據(jù)上表，我們知道，語法填空的考點或考查內(nèi)容是：考查內(nèi)容是：(1)純空格題：純空格題：通?？纪ǔ？糭 等四類詞。一個空格只能填等四類詞。一個空格只能填 個單詞個單詞(2)有提示詞題型：有提示詞題型：通?？纪ǔ？?_、_、_、_等。一個空格可以填等。一個空格可以填_個單詞個單詞 冠詞、介詞、連詞和代詞冠詞、介詞、連詞和代詞一動詞動詞形容詞和副詞的比較等級形容詞和副詞的比較等級詞性轉(zhuǎn)換詞性轉(zhuǎn)換一到兩

4、一到兩名詞名詞5 名詞之前名詞之前 考查語法點考查語法點: 定冠詞定冠詞,不定冠詞的用法不定冠詞的用法 無提示詞無提示詞61.The adobe dwellings built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even _most modern of architects and engineers.2. Now years later, this river is one of _ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.3. The n

5、ursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, other is with mum.4.Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for _while.5. Janes grandmother had wanted to write a childrens book for many years，but one thing or another always got in_way. 7下列情況

6、很可能填下列情況很可能填 ：(1)_+可數(shù)可數(shù)n.(單數(shù)單數(shù))；(2)_+形容詞形容詞+可數(shù)可數(shù)n.(單數(shù)單數(shù))。下列情況下很可能填下列情況下很可能填 ：(1)_ (+形容詞形容詞)+n.+ of等介詞短語等介詞短語 (表示特指表示特指)；(2)_ (+形容詞形容詞)+n.+定語從句定語從句(表示特指表示特指)；(3)_ (+形容詞形容詞)+n.+不定式短語或分詞短語不定式短語或分詞短語 (表示特指表示特指)不定冠詞不定冠詞定冠詞定冠詞解題技巧解題技巧8(1)(1)介詞介詞+ +賓語（名詞）賓語（名詞）(2)(2)不及物動詞不及物動詞+ +介詞介詞+ +賓語賓語 考查語法點考查語法點: 介詞的

7、基本用法及慣用搭配介詞的基本用法及慣用搭配 無提示詞：無提示詞：注意固定搭配注意固定搭配91.But my connection with pandas goes back_ my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s,2. Most of us are more focused _our tasks in the morning. 3. In India, for example , most people traditionally eat_ their hands.4. For those who fly to Guilin, its only an ho

8、ur away _car.5. I got a place next _the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk.6._the same time, they warm up again for the night. 10 當(dāng)空格后的名詞(一般前有限定詞)、代詞或動名詞在句中不是作主語、表語，也不是作動詞的賓語時，那就是作介詞的賓語，即填介詞。 因為名詞和代詞最典型的用法是在句中作主語或賓語，既然不作主語和動詞的賓語，那就是作介詞的賓語了，所以要填介詞。 具體填什么介詞,可能是由介詞與該名詞的搭配及其意義來決定,也可能是由動詞或形容詞與介

9、詞的句式搭配來決定。解題技巧解題技巧11(1)(1)作主語用主格，作賓語用賓格作主語用主格，作賓語用賓格, ,注意注意形容詞詞性形容詞詞性和和名詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞的區(qū)別。的區(qū)別。(2)(2)指示代詞指示代詞, ,不定代詞、反身代詞等不定代詞、反身代詞等考查語法點考查語法點: 代詞的基本用法代詞的基本用法 無提示詞無提示詞121.On my recent visit, I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by _(it) mother.2. Id been at home in Hong Kong, wi

10、th _(it) choking smog. 3. A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh, dear! Its _(I).” She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully. 13 無提示詞：代詞無提示詞：代詞在句子中作在句子中作主語或賓語主語或賓語時，通常填時，通常填代詞代詞，包括，包括1.人稱代詞人稱代詞(I/me/you/he/him等等)、2.指示代詞指示代詞(it/this等等)、3.不定代詞不定代詞(something/anything等等)、4.名詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代

11、詞(mine/yours/his/hers等等)、5.疑問代詞疑問代詞(which/who等等)、6.反身代詞反身代詞(不能作主語不能作主語)(myself/yourself等等) 在在名詞前作定語名詞前作定語就就只能用形容詞性物主代詞只能用形容詞性物主代詞(my/your/his/her等等)。解題技巧解題技巧14兩個主謂結(jié)構(gòu)連接兩個主謂結(jié)構(gòu)連接 考查語法點考查語法點: 各類復(fù)合句中連詞各類復(fù)合句中連詞,引導(dǎo)詞的用法引導(dǎo)詞的用法 無提示詞無提示詞15連詞和引導(dǎo)詞高考真題連詞和引導(dǎo)詞高考真題1.(2016全國全國I) But my connection with pandas goes bac

12、k to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, _I was the first Western TV reporter .2.(2016全國全國) Over time ,_the population grew , people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.3.(2016全國) Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius,_ lived from roughly 551 to

13、 479 B.C.4.(2015全國I) Id skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River _ are pictured by artists. 5.(2015全國II) As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly _ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle w

14、ork on most days. when when/as who which/that how166.(2014全國I) Maybe you have a habit _ is driving your family crazy.7.(2016江蘇）Many young people ,most of_were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.8.(2016江蘇江蘇)It is often the case_ anything is possible for those who hang on t

15、o hope. _ is often the case, anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. which/thatthat whomAs179.There were many people waiting at the bus stop, _ some of them looked very anxious.10. But river wasnt changed in a few days_ even a few months.11. In much of Asia, especially the so-called “ric

16、e bowl” cultures of China ,Japan ,Korea ,_ Vietnam , food is usually eaten with chopsticks. and or and18解題技巧解題技巧解題技巧解題技巧19并列句和復(fù)合句并列句和復(fù)合句并列句：并列句：簡單句簡單句并列連詞并列連詞簡單句簡單句復(fù)合句：復(fù)合句：主句（主謂賓）主句（主謂賓）從句從句（連接詞連接詞主謂）主謂）兩個或幾個簡單句之間若不用句號或兩個或幾個簡單句之間若不用句號或分號，就分號，就必須要用連詞必須要用連詞，否則，句子，否則，句子的結(jié)構(gòu)就不完整。的結(jié)構(gòu)就不完整。20 有提示詞有提示詞 與主語構(gòu)成

17、主謂結(jié)構(gòu)與主語構(gòu)成主謂結(jié)構(gòu) 考查語法點考查語法點: 謂語動詞的時態(tài)及語態(tài)謂語動詞的時態(tài)及語態(tài), 及主謂一致及主謂一致211.It was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base. I_(allow) to get up close to these cute animals .2. Leaving the less important things until tomorrow _ (be) often acceptable.3. Whatever it is, _(make ) sure

18、its a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.4. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and _(be)too violent for use at the table.5. Truly elegant chopsticks might_(make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters.226.It was raining lightly when I_ (arrive

19、) in Yangshuo just before dawn. 7. For those who fly to Guilin, its only an hour away by car . Yangshuo _ (be) really beautiful.8. This cycle _ (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night.9. In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Clev

20、eland, Ohio. It _ (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.10. A boy on a bike _ (catch) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms.23 當(dāng)句中缺少謂語動詞時，括號中的動詞就是謂語動詞。此時要考慮_、_、_、_等四個方面。【確定時態(tài)的【確定時態(tài)的3條依據(jù)】條依據(jù)】(1)依據(jù)上下文時態(tài)一致。看上下文謂語動詞是什么時態(tài)(過去/現(xiàn)在/將來)，空格要填的動詞時態(tài)一般應(yīng)與上下文的時態(tài)一致。這空格要填的動詞時態(tài)一般應(yīng)

21、與上下文的時態(tài)一致。這是高考語法填空中確定時態(tài)的最重要的依據(jù)是高考語法填空中確定時態(tài)的最重要的依據(jù)。但需注意：客觀事實或真理可能時態(tài)不一致；直接引語的時態(tài)會與引號外的時態(tài)不一致。(2)依據(jù)并列謂語動詞的時態(tài)一致。(3)依據(jù)時間狀語。如recently, so far, up to now, up to the present, in the past few years常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用；by the end of, since 1980, for three years常與完成時連用。提示：盡管課標(biāo)或考綱中列出了10種時態(tài)，一般現(xiàn)在時和一般一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時過去時兩種時態(tài)考查的多一些。解

22、題技巧解題技巧時態(tài)、時態(tài)、 語態(tài)、語態(tài)、 語氣、語氣、 主謂一致主謂一致24 有提示詞有提示詞 除謂語動詞以外的動詞形式除謂語動詞以外的動詞形式 考查語法點考查語法點: 非謂語動詞及變形的使用非謂語動詞及變形的使用 25非謂語高考真題單句填空1.(2016全國I) I was the first Western TV reporter _ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.2.(2016全國I) My ambassadorial duties will in

23、clude _(introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu.3.(2016全國II) If you find something you love doing outside of the office, youll be less likely _ (bring) your work home.4.(2016全國) Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal _(create)special designs.5. (2016全國) People

24、 probably cooked their food in large pots, _ (use)twigs(樹枝)to remove it.permittedintroducingto bringto createusing266.(2015全國I) A study of travelers_(conduct) by the website Trip Advisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. 7. (2015全國I) Abercrombie & Kent, a travel comp

25、any in Hong Kong, says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people_ (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.8.(2015全國II) The adobe dwellings(土坯房）_(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even the most modern of architects and engineers.9.(2015全國II) In addition to thei

26、r simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition” a house without _（use）electric equipment.conductedlivingbuiltusing27 當(dāng)句中已有謂語已有謂語動詞，橫線前又沒有沒有并列連詞并列連詞與括號中的動詞并列時，所給動詞就是非謂語動詞。此時，就要根據(jù)非謂語動詞的用法確定用具體的某種形式(doing, done, to do)。解題技巧解題技巧28 有提示詞有提示詞 介詞介詞, ,冠詞冠詞, ,所有格后

27、接名詞所有格后接名詞, ,形容詞修形容詞修飾名詞飾名詞, ,副詞修飾形容詞動詞或整個句子副詞修飾形容詞動詞或整個句子 考查語法點考查語法點: 各類詞性的正確使用及轉(zhuǎn)化各類詞性的正確使用及轉(zhuǎn)化291.The title will be _(official) given to me at a ceremony in London. 2. Recent studies show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks_(regular).3. Food in small pieces could be eate

28、n easily with twigs which _(gradual)turned into chopsticks.4. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it_(regular) arranges quick getaways.5. As _(nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days

29、. 6. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat_（slow）during cool nights.307.The river was so polluted that I_(actual) caught fire and burned.8. While there are _ (amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the changes are gradual and require a

30、 lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be_ (patience).9. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, and some of them looked very anxious and _ (disappoint). 10. Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done, and the crowd of strangers_(sudden) became fr

31、iendly to one another.31 當(dāng)空格處所需詞類與括號中所給詞的詞類不同時當(dāng)空格處所需詞類與括號中所給詞的詞類不同時, ,就需要詞類轉(zhuǎn)換。這類題一般可根據(jù)以下就需要詞類轉(zhuǎn)換。這類題一般可根據(jù)以下5 5點順利解決：點順利解決：（1 1）作主語或賓語用）作主語或賓語用_形式。形式。（2 2）在形容詞性物主代詞、冠詞）在形容詞性物主代詞、冠詞(+(+形容詞形容詞) )、不定代、不定代詞詞(some, any, a lot of(some, any, a lot of等等) )、介詞后還沒有名詞時，、介詞后還沒有名詞時，就用就用_形式。形式。（3 3）作定語、表語或補足語用）作定語、

32、表語或補足語用_形式。形式。（4 4）作狀語，修飾動詞、形容詞或另一副詞，或放在）作狀語，修飾動詞、形容詞或另一副詞，或放在句首修飾全句，用句首修飾全句，用_。（5 5）當(dāng)所給詞的詞性與空格處所需詞的詞性相同時，）當(dāng)所給詞的詞性與空格處所需詞的詞性相同時，無需改變詞性，而可能是只改變詞義但不改變詞性的無需改變詞性，而可能是只改變詞義但不改變詞性的前綴或后綴前綴或后綴，也可能用其，也可能用其比較級或最高級比較級或最高級。解題技巧解題技巧名詞名詞名詞名詞形容詞形容詞副詞副詞32考點歸納考點歸納 在高考全國卷中出現(xiàn)的考綱詞的派生在高考全國卷中出現(xiàn)的考綱詞的派生詞是不算生詞的，也不用漢語注明，因此，詞

33、是不算生詞的，也不用漢語注明，因此，掌握基本的構(gòu)詞法知識非常重要。掌握基本的構(gòu)詞法知識非常重要。從近兩年全國卷的語法填空來看，詞類轉(zhuǎn)從近兩年全國卷的語法填空來看，詞類轉(zhuǎn)換僅考查了以下?lián)Q僅考查了以下3點：點：(1)形容詞形容詞副詞。副詞。(2)形容詞形容詞名詞。名詞。(3)名詞名詞形容詞。形容詞。33 有提示詞有提示詞通常，有表示范圍的通常，有表示范圍的in /ofin /of介詞短語或介詞短語或形容詞前有形容詞前有thethe時，一般要用最高級；時，一般要用最高級；thanthan的前面一定要用比較級的前面一定要用比較級 34 1.Finally, that hard work paid of

34、f and now the water in the river is_ (clean) than ever.2. If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify those of_(great) and less importance. 35解題技巧解題技巧 當(dāng)括號中所給詞是形容詞或副詞，且空當(dāng)括號中所給詞是形容詞或副詞，且空格處需要的仍是形容詞或副詞時，要根據(jù)語格處需要的仍是形容詞或副詞時，要根據(jù)語境境,理解句意，若該詞意思不變，邏輯上講得理解句意，若該詞意

35、思不變，邏輯上講得通通,就很可能填該詞的比較級或最高級。就很可能填該詞的比較級或最高級。 注意：注意： 要善于分析語境要善于分析語境,辨別省略了辨別省略了than的隱性比較級。的隱性比較級。 若需要用與該詞意義相反的意思，邏輯若需要用與該詞意義相反的意思，邏輯才通順的，就要在該詞前加表示否定或相反才通順的，就要在該詞前加表示否定或相反意義的前綴或后綴。如：意義的前綴或后綴。如：361. (2015卷卷I65) seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River which are pictured by artists in so many Chinese _ (painting). 2. (2014卷卷I49) While there are amazing stories of instant transformation, for most of us the _(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning