中考英語復(fù)習(xí)課件-簡(jiǎn)單句

1、幻燈片1中考英語復(fù)習(xí)方案語法部分幻燈片2第二篇 詞法簡(jiǎn)單句復(fù)習(xí)要點(diǎn)1.英語句子的種類與類型2.陳述句（五種簡(jiǎn)單句型）3.陳述句否定式的構(gòu)成4.疑問句1）一般疑問句 2）特殊疑問句 （常用的特殊疑問詞和句型）3）選擇疑問句4）反義疑問句 5. There-be存在句6.主謂一致 幻燈片3知識(shí)概要英語句子的種類與類型I、句子種類（按交際用途分） 陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句、 There-be存在句II、句子類型（按句子結(jié)構(gòu)分） 簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句、復(fù)合句幻燈片4難點(diǎn)鏈接1、陳述句 說明一個(gè)事實(shí)或陳述一個(gè)看法，有肯定式和否定式，語序是主語在前，謂語在后。陳述句可以分為以下五種句型： 主語+不及物動(dòng)詞

2、。如：I arrived at six last night. 主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語，如：I bought a good EnglishChinese Dictionary yesterday. 主語+及物動(dòng)詞+間接賓語+直接賓語，如：Please tell me a story before I go to bed. 這樣可加雙賓語的句子有buy, tell, give, ask, pass, teach. 主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語，如：I found it impossible to do it. Please keep the classroom clean and tidy.

3、主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語，如：Tom is an American boy. The grass turned green in spring. 幻燈片5難點(diǎn)鏈接陳述句否定式的構(gòu)成(1) 如果肯定陳述句的謂語部分含有助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或連系動(dòng)詞be，則只需在這些動(dòng)詞后加not即可構(gòu)成否定式。He is playing the guitar.（肯定）He is not playing the guitar.（否定）We can get there before dark.（肯定）We cant get thee before dark.（否定）(2) 如果陳述句的謂語動(dòng)詞是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，而其中又沒有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

4、或助動(dòng)詞時(shí)，則需根據(jù)人稱和時(shí)態(tài)在該實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前加dont, doesnt或didnt。同時(shí)把該實(shí)義動(dòng)詞變?yōu)樵巍?#160;   He plays the violin well.（肯定）He doesnt play the violin well.（否定）    She won the game.（肯定）She didnt win the game.（否定）(3) 如果句子是there be結(jié)構(gòu)或謂語動(dòng)詞是have（有），且句中如果有some要變?yōu)閍ny。例如：There is some water in the cup.

5、There is not any water in the cup. He has some books. He doesn't have any books.幻燈片6難點(diǎn)鏈接陳述句否定式的構(gòu)成(4) 除not以外，否定詞no, never, nothing, nobody, few等也可構(gòu)成否定句。例如： There is something wrong with his bike. There is nothing wrong with his bike.I have seen the film. I have never seen the film.注：否定句的類型1）半否定句（

6、用hardly, little, few等來否定）I hardly know anything about it.2）部分否定句（用all, both, every, each+謂語+not否定，表示“有的是，有的不是”）I dont like both the films. 3）全否定句（用not, no, never, neither, nor, nothing等來否定 ）I like neither Cathy nor Mary.4)否定轉(zhuǎn)移(用在含有think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine為主句的句子) I dont think it will

7、be very cold today幻燈片7難點(diǎn)鏈接2、疑問句 有一般疑問句、特殊疑問句、選擇疑問句、反義疑問句。1）一般疑問句 用來詢問一件事，答案通常是yes或 no，要注意語序。（1）一般疑問句的基本形式       一般疑問句一般是指以助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、be動(dòng)詞或have（有）開始，通常要求以yes，或no來回答的疑問句，一般疑問句讀時(shí)通常用升調(diào)。       Do you know Mr. Smith? Can you swim? （2）一般疑問

8、句的否定結(jié)構(gòu)    在一般疑問句的否定結(jié)構(gòu)中，把副詞not放在一般疑問句的主語之后。但如果用not的簡(jiǎn)略形式-nt，則須將-nt與一般疑問句句首的be, have，助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞寫在一起。在實(shí)際運(yùn)用中，一般都采用簡(jiǎn)略式。Are you not a football fan? Arent you a football fan? Will she not like it? Wont she like it?     與漢語不同的是，英語一般疑問句否定結(jié)構(gòu)的答語是否定還是肯定，全由答語的否定或肯定來決定。若答語是肯定的，則用ye

9、s加肯定結(jié)構(gòu)；若答語是否定的，則用no加否定結(jié)構(gòu)。 Arent you a football fan? Yes, I am. No, I am not.  Wont she like it? Yes, she will. No, she wont. 幻燈片8難點(diǎn)鏈接2）特殊疑問句 特殊疑問句由“疑問代詞或疑問副詞+一般疑問句”構(gòu)成，句子一般用倒裝語序，但如果對(duì)主語提問時(shí)用陳述句的語序。特殊疑問句不能用yes或no回答，讀時(shí)用降調(diào)。例如：Who is on duty today? How long have you been in Beijing?What time do y

10、ou get up every morning?What must I do now?幻燈片9常用的特殊疑問詞和句型難點(diǎn)鏈接詢問內(nèi)容疑問詞或句型詢問內(nèi)容疑問詞或句型職業(yè)，身份 What do/dosedo 幾號(hào)，日期 what is the date? 姓名或關(guān)系 Who/whats name 年齡（多大） how old 相貌特征 whatlike? 持續(xù)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間（多久） how long 目的 whatfor? 長(zhǎng)度（多長(zhǎng)） how long 原因 why 距離（多遠(yuǎn)） how far 天氣  how is the weather whats the weather l

11、ike? 頻度（多經(jīng)常） how often 顏色 what color？ 時(shí)間經(jīng)過（多快） how soon 服裝尺寸 what size 數(shù)量（多少） how many（可數(shù)名詞）how much（不可數(shù)名詞） 幾點(diǎn)鐘 what time 價(jià)格 how much/whats the price 星期幾 what day 高度（多高） how tall（人，樹）how high（山，建筑物） 幻燈片10難點(diǎn)鏈接3）選擇疑問句 選擇疑問句是說話者提出兩種或兩種以上的不同情況，讓對(duì)方選擇回答的疑問句。其結(jié)構(gòu)是“疑問句+選擇部分”。選擇部分由or連接，or前面的部分讀升調(diào)，or后面的部分讀降調(diào)。選

12、擇疑問句不能用yes或no回答，而必須具體的選擇答復(fù)。        Is your bag yellow or black?  Its black.。        Would you like some tea or coffee?  Either will do.。        Which do you like better, singing or danc

13、ing?   I like dancing better.選擇疑問句的構(gòu)成：(1)以一般疑問句為基礎(chǔ)Is he a teacher or a doctor or a policeman?Shall I help you or can you manage?(2)以特殊疑問句為基礎(chǔ)Which do you prefer, red wine or white?How shall we go there? By bus or by train?幻燈片11難點(diǎn)鏈接4）反義疑問句          反意疑

14、問句是指在陳述句之后附加一個(gè)意思與之相反的簡(jiǎn)短問句，問對(duì)方是否贊同的疑問句。附加問句的否定式必須縮寫。（1）肯定的陳述句后跟否定的附加問句，否定的陳述句后跟肯定的附加問句。如：I am your teacher, arent I? He didnt study hard, did he?（2）如果陳述句中含有否定副詞never, hardly或其他表示否定代詞或形容詞，如nothing, none no one, nobody, neither, few, little等，則附加問句只能用肯定式。如：  They hardly write to each other, do

15、 they? He has found nothing, has he? Few people knew the secret, did they? （3）當(dāng)反意疑問句是“否定陳述句+肯定附加問句”時(shí)，英語與漢語的回答習(xí)慣存在差異。英語回答時(shí)只看實(shí)際情況，若答語的具體內(nèi)容是肯定的就用“Yes+肯定結(jié)構(gòu)”，答語的具體內(nèi)容是否定的就用“No+否定結(jié)構(gòu)”，而譯成漢語時(shí)，則必須把yes譯“不是”，把no譯成“是的”。-You wont be away for long, will you? 你不會(huì)離開太久，是嗎？-Yes, I will.不，我會(huì)的。  -No, I wont.是的，我不會(huì)的

16、。-I dont think shell come by bike, will she? 我認(rèn)為她不會(huì)騎自行車，會(huì)嗎？-Yes, she will.不，她會(huì)的。  -No, she wont.是的，她不會(huì)的。(4) 祈使句的反意疑問句，除由Lets 開頭的要問成 shall we? 以外，其余的都問成will you.幻燈片12難點(diǎn)鏈接3、祈使句 祈使句是用來表示命令、請(qǐng)求、建議、號(hào)召等的句子，謂語動(dòng)詞用原形，句末用感嘆號(hào)“！”或句號(hào)“.”。朗讀時(shí)一般用降調(diào)。1. 肯定的祈使句：（1）祈使句主語是you時(shí)，you常省略，但如果要特別強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)方或表達(dá)某種強(qiáng)烈的情緒時(shí)可以有主語或稱呼語。B

17、e quiet. You be quiet!（2）“Do+祈使句”表示一種強(qiáng)烈的感情或請(qǐng)求，do起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。 Do come back at once! Do be careful.（3）please用在祈使句中可以表示一種客氣的語氣，但please用在句末時(shí)，必須用逗號(hào)與其余部分分開。Open the window, please.（4）Let引導(dǎo)祈使句時(shí)，后面需跟上人稱代詞或稱呼語，人稱代詞一般只用第一、第三人稱。Let Jack wait a minute. Lets go to school.（5）在祈使句中，Lets和 Let us是有區(qū)別的。Lets包括說話者，而Let

18、us不包括聽話者在內(nèi)。這點(diǎn)從反意疑問句時(shí)可明顯看出。    Lets go skating, shall we?（表示內(nèi)部的建議）Let us try again, will you?（表示向別人發(fā)出請(qǐng)求）  2. 否定的祈使句通常以Dont或Never開頭。其結(jié)構(gòu)通常是：“Dont(Never)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他成分” 例如：     Dont do that again! Never leave todays work for tomorrow!     Dont

19、 be late next time! 幻燈片134、感嘆句 難點(diǎn)鏈接l 感嘆句是表示喜、怒、哀、樂以及驚異等感情的句子。句末用感嘆號(hào)“！”，讀時(shí)用降調(diào)。感嘆句是由“感嘆部分+主謂部分”構(gòu)成，感嘆句往往由what或how引導(dǎo)，what修飾名詞，how修飾形容詞，副詞或動(dòng)詞。l what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句：l （1）what + a/an +形容詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+陳述句（主語+謂語）l What a beautiful city it is! What an interesting story she told! l （2）what+形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞+陳述句（主語+謂語）l What

20、expensive watches they are! What terrible weather it is! l 2How引導(dǎo)的感嘆句：l （1）How+形容詞/副詞+陳述句（主語+謂語）l How cold it is! How hard he works! l （2）How+陳述句（主語+謂語）l How he loves his son!How I miss you!l （3）How+形容詞+a/an+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+陳述句（主語+謂語）l How tall a tree it is! l （4）上述兩種感嘆句可以互相轉(zhuǎn)換。例如：l What a clever boy he is!Ho

21、w clever the boy is!l What a cold day it is!How cold it is!幻燈片14難點(diǎn)鏈接5、 There-be存在句1. 基本結(jié)構(gòu) There be +主語 + 地點(diǎn) /時(shí)間狀語。如：There is a computer in the room. 房間里有一臺(tái)電腦。There are two TV plays every evening. 每晚有兩場(chǎng)電視劇。2. 主謂一致要采取就近一致原則，和* 近be的主語一致。如：There is a pen, two rulers in the box. 盒子里有一只鋼筆，兩把尺子。There are t

22、wo boys and a teacher at the school gate. 門口有兩個(gè)男孩，一個(gè)老師。3. 主語后的動(dòng)詞形式在there be 句型中，主語與動(dòng)詞是主動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)用現(xiàn)在分詞；是被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)用過去分詞。如：There is a purse lying on the ground. 地上有一個(gè)錢包。There are five minutes left now. 現(xiàn)在還有5分鐘?；脽羝?55、 There-be存在句難點(diǎn)鏈接4. 反意疑問句反意疑問句應(yīng)與there be對(duì)應(yīng)，而不是依據(jù)主語。如：There is a radio on the table, isn't th

23、ere? 桌子上有一臺(tái)收音機(jī)，是吧？There are more than fifty classes in your school, aren't there? 你們班有50多名學(xué)生，是吧？5. there be 與have的替換there be表示所屬時(shí)可與have替換。There is nothing but a book in my bag. =I have nothing but a book in my bag. 包里只有一本書。6. there be后接不定式時(shí)常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。如：There is a lot of work to do. 有許多工作要做。注意：

24、當(dāng)該句型主語是something, anything, nothing等不定代詞時(shí)，后面的不定式用主動(dòng)形式或被動(dòng)形式，意義各不同。There is nothing to do. 沒有事可做。There is nothing to be done. 沒有辦法(束手無策)?；脽羝?65、 There-be存在句難點(diǎn)鏈接7. 與其它詞連用，構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語。如：There may be a rain this afternoon. 今天下午可能有雨。There used to be a cinema here before the war. 戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)之前，這兒有一家電影院。8. 變體there be結(jié)構(gòu)中的

25、be有時(shí)可用live, stand, remain等代替。如：Once there lived a king who cared more about new clothes than anything else. 從前有位國(guó)王喜歡新服勝過別的任何東西。9. 習(xí)慣用語There is no good /use (in) doing sth. 做某事沒有好處/用處；There is not a moment to lose. 一刻也不能耽誤。例如：There is no good making friends with him. 和他交朋友沒有什么好處。He is very ill. Send

26、him to hospital. There's not a moment to lose. 他病得厲害，把他送到醫(yī)院去，一刻也不能耽誤?；脽羝?7難點(diǎn)鏈接6.主謂一致 在句子結(jié)構(gòu)中要注意主謂一致的問題，即句子的主語與謂語動(dòng)詞要相呼應(yīng)。要注意的有如下幾點(diǎn)： 用and連接兩個(gè)主語時(shí)一般應(yīng)視為復(fù)數(shù)，但如一人身兼兩職時(shí)則要用單數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞形式，如：A singer and dancer is coming to our party. a singer and dancer 既歌唱又可舞的演員。而 a singer and a dancer 則要譯為：一位歌唱家和一位舞蹈家。有些以 s 結(jié)尾的名

27、詞謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)，如： The news is good (news 為不可數(shù)名詞)。 有量詞時(shí)應(yīng)按量詞的數(shù)量計(jì)算，如： This pair of glasses is good My glasses are broken. 有些形單卻意為復(fù)數(shù)的名詞，如： People are coming here 這樣的詞還有 Police，class等。 如果要講一個(gè)警察時(shí)，應(yīng)講 a policeman。 兩個(gè)警察為 two policemen。 又如 a policewoman, two policewomen幻燈片18難點(diǎn)鏈接 所有不定代詞 each， either， neither， one，

28、the other， nobody， nothing， anyone， anything， someone， something 要作為單數(shù)，如： Someone is waiting for you 表示并列關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有： bothand, not only but also, neither nor, either or.當(dāng)它們并列兩個(gè)主語時(shí)，除both and 謂語動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)以外，其余都要采用就近原則 如: Both my sister and brother are going to the cinema。 Not only my sister but also brother i

29、s going to the cinema . Neither my sister nor brother is going to the cinema. Either my sister or brother is going to the cinema幻燈片19正誤辨析1. 誤 The stories in that book was written many years ago 正 The stories in that book were written many years ago. 析 作主語的名詞、代詞或不定式、動(dòng)名詞，它們往往要帶有修飾詞，這些詞可能是形容詞，也可能是短語，但謂

30、語動(dòng)詞還是要取決于這個(gè)主語的數(shù)，要記住的是一個(gè)名詞不可能在同一句中作兩個(gè)不同的語法成份。2.誤 To read many books are good for you 正 To read many books is good for you 析 不定式作主語應(yīng)該看作單數(shù)主語。 3.誤 What he said are right 正 What he said is right 析 從句作主語一定要按單數(shù)主語看待。 4.正 The rich is not always happy 誤 The rich are not always happy 析 形容詞定冠詞表示一類人，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)，如：

31、The young are very interested in study and sports5.誤 The school master and writer are coming 正 The school master and writer is coming 析 本句應(yīng)譯為：校長(zhǎng)兼作家就要來了。而 The school master and the writer are coming 則要譯為：校長(zhǎng)和一個(gè)作家要來了。在英語表達(dá)法中確實(shí)有 The girl and boy are playing on the grass 這應(yīng)譯為：一個(gè)女孩，一個(gè)男孩在操場(chǎng)上玩。因?yàn)椴豢赡苓@樣兩個(gè)概念作用

32、在一個(gè)人身上。幻燈片20正誤辨析6. 誤 You or she go to get some water for us 正 You or she goes to get some water for us 析 由 or 連接的兩個(gè)主語應(yīng)以離謂語動(dòng)詞近的那一個(gè)計(jì)算其數(shù)。這樣的用法還有 either or，neither nor， not only but also 也有人稱作"就近原則"。7.誤 The teacher with a lot of students come into the classroom 正 The teacher with a lot of stud

33、ents comes into the classroom 析 真正的主語是 the teacher， 而 with 短語是伴隨狀態(tài)，不影響主語的數(shù)。8.誤 My glasses is broken 誤 This pair of glasses are good 誤 These kinds of butter is good. 正 My glasses are broken 正 This pair of glasses is good 正 These kinds of butter are good 析 英語中有些名詞只有復(fù)數(shù)形式，如： glasses 眼鏡， shorts 短褲等。如沒有量詞

34、在前時(shí)，要用復(fù)數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞，但有了量詞之后則要按量詞的單復(fù)數(shù)計(jì)算。9.誤 One of the boys are going to take part in the match 正 One of the boys is going to take part in the match 析 One of 結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)以 one 來計(jì)算主語的數(shù)。 幻燈片21正誤辨析10. 誤 Half of the work are done 誤 Half of the books is read 正 Half of the work is done 正 Half of the books are read 析 在小于1的

35、數(shù)量詞作主語時(shí)，如： ， of 名詞，這時(shí)主語的數(shù)應(yīng)按 of 后面的名詞計(jì)算。如果名詞是不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，則謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)，如名詞是復(fù)數(shù)則要用復(fù)數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞。11.誤 Each sides are full of trees 誤 Both side is full of trees 正 Each side is full of trees 正 Both sides are full of trees 析 each， either 其后都要加單數(shù)名詞，而 both 后要加復(fù)數(shù)名詞。 如： each， either， another， little， a little， much等作主語時(shí)

36、，謂語動(dòng)詞全部要用單數(shù)形式。12.誤 The boys each has an apple 正 The boys each have an apple 析 each 作同位語時(shí)，不影響句子的主語。13.誤 Everyone of us has a ticket for the concert 正 Every one of us has a ticket for the concert 析 everyone， someone， everybody 在作主語時(shí)都不能加 of 結(jié)構(gòu)?；脽羝?2正誤辨析14. 誤 Girls like dancing very much， but few likes

37、playing football 正 Girls like dancing very much， but few like playing football 析 few 雖然含意上是"幾乎沒有"，但作主語時(shí)仍要當(dāng)作復(fù)數(shù)。15.誤 The number of the workers in that factory are two hundred 正 The number of the workers in that factory is two hundred 析 the number of 意為：某某的數(shù)字是 如： the number of students 學(xué)生人數(shù)，

38、the number of players 運(yùn)動(dòng)員人數(shù)。不論數(shù)字如何都應(yīng)看作單數(shù)。而 a number of 與 many 意思相同，其后加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如： A number of students are playing on the grass16.誤 The rest of the students is here 誤 The rest of the work are done 正 The rest of the students are here 正 The rest of the work is done 析 the rest of 的用法與，一半， of 的結(jié)

39、構(gòu)一致， of 后面為可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)用復(fù)數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞，為不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)時(shí)用單數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞。這樣用法還有 lots of， a lot of， plenty of。17.誤 The news in today's newspaper are not bad 正 The news in today's newspaper is not bad 析 有些以 s 結(jié)尾的名詞要用作不可數(shù)名詞，它們是：news， physics， mathematics， thanks， 幻燈片23正誤辨析18. 誤 The Chinese is kind and friendly 正 The Ch

40、inese are kind and friendly 析 Chinese 作為中文來講是單數(shù)名詞，但作為中國(guó)人講是單復(fù)同形的名詞。如： one Chinese， two Chinese ,而 The Chinese The people of China 要用復(fù)數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞。19.誤 This dictionary is too expensive for me, Ten dollars are a big sum for me 正 This dictionary is too expensive for me, Ten dollars is a big sum for me 析 表示一段時(shí)間

41、，一筆金錢，一段距離，都應(yīng)看作單數(shù)名詞。21.誤 Who are going to take part in our football match? 正 Who is going to take part in our football match? 析 用 who 提問時(shí)，習(xí)慣上用單數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞，但 which 則要視其情況而定，如： which are better these shoes or those shoes? 又如： which is better this one or that one?22.誤 What a hot weather it is! 誤 How hot the

42、weather it is! 正 What hot weather it is! 正 How hot the weather is! 析 感嘆句是用來表達(dá)說話人的喜怒哀樂的感情。它由 what 與 how 作句子的開始，判定是用 what 還是用 how 的最好辦法是先找到感嘆句的主謂部分，比如： What the hot weather it is! 中It is 是主謂部分，再來看感嘆部分有不可數(shù)名詞 weather， 則感嘆詞只能用 what。 再看第二句 How hot the weather is! 句子的主謂部分是 the weather is. 再來看部分只有形容詞，所以應(yīng)用 h

43、ow。 至于是用 what a 還是 what 要看名詞的具體情況而定，單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞加 what a 其余的加用 what?；脽羝?4正誤辨析23. 誤 We have to sing this， have we? 誤 We have to sing this， haven't we? 正 We have to sing this, don't we? 析 在反意疑問句中除了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的一些常規(guī)外，有一些例外：Lets go home， shall we? Let us go home， will you?She had to leave， didnt she? Do your ho

44、mework at once， will you?There is not much good news in today's newspaper， is there?Neither of them are right， are they? I think he will come to the party， won't he?think 后的賓語從句，與其他賓語從句不一樣，在初中只有這樣一個(gè)較特殊的詞。這樣的句子的反意疑問句的主語要用賓語從句中的主語，其助動(dòng)詞要用賓語從句的助動(dòng)詞，而肯定還是否定要看主句謂語動(dòng)詞而定，如： I don't think he is com

45、ing to our party， is he?24.誤 I want to know where does he live 正 I want to know where he lives 析 賓語從句中一律要用陳述語序，而不用疑問語序。25.誤 - I haven't got a ticket for the football match- Nor I have 正 - I havent got a ticket for the football match- Nor (Neither) have I 析 nor， neither 用在簡(jiǎn)答否定句中時(shí)要采用倒裝語序。在肯定句的簡(jiǎn)答句中

46、則要用so， 如： I do my homework very quickly， So does Mary幻燈片25正誤辨析26. 誤 Look! Here the bus comes! 誤 Look! Here comes he! 正 Look! Here comes the bus! 正 Look! Here he comes 析 在 there， here 打頭的句子中，如果主語是名詞，則要采用倒裝語序；如果是人稱代詞則用一般語序。27.誤 Do you want Mary to go to the cinema with us?No， I dont hope so 正 Do you w

47、ant Mary to go to the cinema with us?No， I hope not析 我不這樣想，可用 I don't think so 但 hope 的否定簡(jiǎn)答句只能用 I hope not 這是習(xí)慣用法。但這兩個(gè)詞的肯定簡(jiǎn)答句形是一樣的，如： I think so. I hope so28.誤 That is difficult for us to learn English well 正 It is difficult for us to learn English well 析 It 這里的語法作用是形式主語，而真正的主語是后面的不定式。形式主語和形式賓語都

48、要用 it 而不能用 that， 如： I think it difficult to learn English well it 在這句中是 think 的形式賓語?；脽羝?6例題解析1、There a pencil box on the desk . A .is B. are C. has D. have答案 A.析 There be 句形中的 be 動(dòng)詞要看其后面離它最近的名詞而定，如： There are two books and a pencil on the desk 但卻可以講 There is a pencil and two books on the desk2、Your

49、brother came to see you， ?Adoes he Bdoesn't he Cdid he Ddidn't he 答案 D.析 前句是肯定句，后面反意疑問句要用否定句，同時(shí) came 為過去時(shí)態(tài)，所以應(yīng)用 didn't he3、 It's getting cloudy，?A. does' it B. doesn't it C. is it D. isn't it答案 D.析 要區(qū)分's 是 has 還是 is， 這里由 getting 得出's 是is。4、 _ keep me waiting so lo

50、ngA. Not B. Won't C. Don't D. Not to答案 C.析 Don't 動(dòng)詞原形為祈始句的否定句。5、Mr Green hasn't been to Beijing, ?Ahas he Bhasn't he Cdid he Ddidn't he答案 A.析 此句 has 是助動(dòng)詞與過去分詞構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)?；脽羝?7例題解析6、 You have your lunch at school, ?Ahave you Bhaven't you Cdo you Ddon't you 答案 D.析 這里的 have

51、 是實(shí)意動(dòng)詞"吃"，而不是助動(dòng)詞。7、 sunny day! Let's go out for a walkAHow a BHow CWhat a DWhat答案 C.析 這個(gè)感嘆句是個(gè)省略句，其真實(shí)的句子應(yīng)為 What a sunny day it is!8、 John likes listening to the radio， ?Adoes he Bdoesn't he Cdoesn't John Ddoes Johe答案 B.析 當(dāng)名詞作主語時(shí)，反意疑問句應(yīng)用代詞。9、Neither you nor I on the teamA. are B.

52、 were C. am D. is答案 C.析 由 neither nor 作連接詞作主語時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞要與相臨近的那個(gè)主語相呼應(yīng)。 10、 delicious food! I'd like some moreAwhat a BHow a CWhat DHow答案 C.析 因 food 為不可數(shù)名詞?；脽羝?8例題解析11、 there a cat under the chair?A. Are B. Is C. Has D. Have答案 B.析 這是 there be 句型的疑問句。12、 - bad weather!- Yes， But it's going to be f

53、ine soon， I thinkAHow BWhat a CWhat an DWhat答案 D.析 weather 為不可數(shù)名詞。13、 Go and the TV quickly The volleyball match will begin right awayAturn off Bturn down Cturn up Dturn on 答案 D.析 這是個(gè)祈使句，它由 and 連接兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞。注意詞組搭配的不同含義。14、Let's go for some tea， ?Ashall we Bwill we Cdo we Ddon't we答案 A.析 Lets go ，

54、shall we? Let us go ， will you?這是兩個(gè)特殊的反意疑問句。 15、Joan's short， ?Awasn't she Bhasn't she Cisn't she Ddoesn't she答案 C.析 在此句中應(yīng)視's為is，而不是 has 或 was。 幻燈片29例題解析16 I don't know to read the wordAwhich Bwhat Cwhose Dhow答案 D.析 因不定式 to read 中的 read 是及物動(dòng)詞，已有自己的賓語 the word， 所以應(yīng)用疑問副詞 how。17 He didn't go to school， he was illAfor Bbut Cand Dso答案 A.析 這里是表示因果的關(guān)系，從句表示原因，所以用 for，放于句尾，且常常前面有一個(gè)逗號(hào)。so 引起的是結(jié)果狀語從句，如： He was only twelve， so he could