形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)0

1、形容詞和副詞的形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)Comparative and Superlative Comparative and Superlative Degrees of Adjectives and AdverbsDegrees of Adjectives and Adverbs請(qǐng)你思考：什么是形容詞和副詞？請(qǐng)你思考：什么是形容詞和副詞？ 形容詞形容詞用于修飾名詞，表示人或事物的屬性或用于修飾名詞，表示人或事物的屬性或 特征等。特征等。 副詞副詞是用來(lái)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的特征是用來(lái)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的特征, ,說(shuō)明時(shí)間，說(shuō)明時(shí)間， 地點(diǎn)，程度等概念。它用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞地點(diǎn)，程度等概念。

2、它用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞形容詞、 副詞副詞、短語(yǔ)或句子。短語(yǔ)或句子。 形容詞和副詞的級(jí)別形容詞和副詞的級(jí)別大多數(shù)形容詞和副詞有三個(gè)等級(jí)：大多數(shù)形容詞和副詞有三個(gè)等級(jí)： 原級(jí)原級(jí) 比較級(jí)比較級(jí) 最高級(jí)最高級(jí)請(qǐng)你觀察：形容詞和副詞比較等級(jí)的變化規(guī)律請(qǐng)你觀察：形容詞和副詞比較等級(jí)的變化規(guī)律long longer longestnice nicer nicestbig bigger biggestearly earlier earliestinteresting more interesting most interestingcarefully more carefully most carefull

3、yfriendly more friendly most friendly friendlier friendliestgood better bestmany/much more most原級(jí)原級(jí)比較級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)最高級(jí)請(qǐng)你總結(jié)：形容詞和副詞比較等級(jí)構(gòu)成的規(guī)律請(qǐng)你總結(jié)：形容詞和副詞比較等級(jí)構(gòu)成的規(guī)律一一. . 規(guī)則變化：規(guī)則變化：1.1.單音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)詞單音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)詞, ,在詞尾直接加在詞尾直接加- -er,-ester,-est2.2.以字母以字母e e結(jié)尾的結(jié)尾的, ,加加- -r,-str,-st3.3.以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且末尾只有一個(gè)輔

4、音字母， 雙寫(xiě)此字母雙寫(xiě)此字母, ,再加再加- -er,ester,est4.4.以以“輔音字母輔音字母+y”+y”結(jié)尾的，把結(jié)尾的，把y y變成變成i i，再加，再加- - er,ester,est5.5.多音節(jié)詞和大部分雙音節(jié)詞多音節(jié)詞和大部分雙音節(jié)詞, ,在詞的前面加在詞的前面加moremore 或或mostmost6.6.有些雙音節(jié)詞既可用有些雙音節(jié)詞既可用more,mostmore,most形式，又可用形式，又可用- - er,-ester,-est形式形式二二. . 不規(guī)則變化不規(guī)則變化請(qǐng)給出下列形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)請(qǐng)給出下列形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)tallnearla

5、rgeablethinhotfunnyhappybeautifulquicklyquietlittletaller tallest nearer nearestthinner thinnestabler ablest larger largest hotter hottestfunnier funniesthappier happiestmore beautiful most beautifulmore quickly most quicklyquieter quietestmore quiet most quietless least請(qǐng)你牢記：請(qǐng)你牢記：一，要雙寫(xiě)再加一，要雙寫(xiě)再加- -er

6、,-ester,-est的詞有哪些？的詞有哪些？hot big fat thin red wet sad glad 二二. 不規(guī)則變化的詞有哪些？不規(guī)則變化的詞有哪些？原級(jí)原級(jí)比較級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)最高級(jí)good/wellbetterbestbad/ill/badlyworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastoldolderoldesteldereldestfarfartherfarthestfurtherfurthest溫馨提示：溫馨提示：1.1. 類(lèi)似類(lèi)似 slowlyslowly, , quicklyquickly 這樣的雙音節(jié)詞，雖然也是輔這樣的雙

7、音節(jié)詞，雖然也是輔 音字母加音字母加y y結(jié)尾，但這里的結(jié)尾，但這里的 - -lyly 是表示副詞的后綴，因是表示副詞的后綴，因 此比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成是在單詞前加此比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成是在單詞前加moremore和和mostmost。2. 2. 強(qiáng)調(diào)程度時(shí)，形容詞和副詞前可加上強(qiáng)調(diào)程度時(shí)，形容詞和副詞前可加上too,very,so, too,very,so, quite quite等。比較級(jí)前則要加上等。比較級(jí)前則要加上much, even, a little, much, even, a little, a lot, still, a bit a lot, still, a bit 等詞等

8、詞( (組組) )，表示程度。，表示程度。3.3. farther farther 常指時(shí)間、距離上的遠(yuǎn)。常指時(shí)間、距離上的遠(yuǎn)。furtherfurther可以代替可以代替 fartherfarther，還常用于引伸和抽象的意義，表示，還常用于引伸和抽象的意義，表示“進(jìn)一步，進(jìn)一步， 更深刻，更深入等更深刻，更深入等”。4. older4. older表示年齡大小或年代的久遠(yuǎn)，表示年齡大小或年代的久遠(yuǎn)，elderelder表示兄弟姐表示兄弟姐 妹之間的長(zhǎng)幼關(guān)系。妹之間的長(zhǎng)幼關(guān)系。形容詞和副詞原級(jí)的用法：形容詞和副詞原級(jí)的用法：2.2. as + as + 原級(jí)原級(jí) + + as as “ “和

9、和一樣一樣”You are as tall as me. = You are as tall as I (am).He has as many books as I (have).This computer runs as fast as that one.3.3. not as not as(so)(so) + + 原級(jí)原級(jí) + + as as “ “不如不如/ /沒(méi)有沒(méi)有”This jacket is not as(so) cheap as that one.She has not as(so) many books as I have.Henry doesnt study as(so)

10、hard as his elder brother.注：注：asas在這里既可作介詞又可作連詞。作介詞時(shí)，后在這里既可作介詞又可作連詞。作介詞時(shí)，后接人稱(chēng)代詞的賓格。作連詞時(shí)，后接一個(gè)省略的比較狀接人稱(chēng)代詞的賓格。作連詞時(shí)，后接一個(gè)省略的比較狀語(yǔ)從句。語(yǔ)從句。1. 用來(lái)直接描述人物或動(dòng)作用來(lái)直接描述人物或動(dòng)作。 John is a tall boy. Rabbits run fast. Our country is beautiful and strong.形容詞和副詞比較級(jí)的用法：形容詞和副詞比較級(jí)的用法：1. 1. 比較級(jí)比較級(jí) + + than than “ “比比更更” You are

11、 taller than me. = You are taller than I (am). I dont think his writing is more beautiful than yours.3. 3. 比較級(jí)比較級(jí) + and + + and + 比較級(jí)比較級(jí) “ “越來(lái)越越來(lái)越” The weather is getting warmer and warmer. Our school is getting more and more beautiful.注：注：thanthan在這里既可作介詞又可作連詞。作介詞時(shí)，在這里既可作介詞又可作連詞。作介詞時(shí)，后接人稱(chēng)代詞的賓格。作連詞時(shí)

12、，后接一個(gè)省略的比后接人稱(chēng)代詞的賓格。作連詞時(shí)，后接一個(gè)省略的比較狀語(yǔ)從句。較狀語(yǔ)從句。4. the + 4. the + 比較級(jí)比較級(jí),the + ,the + 比較級(jí)比較級(jí) “ “越越, ,越越”The more exercise you do, the healthier you will become.2. 2. 比較級(jí)比較級(jí) ( ( 特殊疑問(wèn)句特殊疑問(wèn)句) )， or or ? “? “哪個(gè)更哪個(gè)更?”?” Which is longer, this one or that one?形容詞和副詞最高級(jí)的用法：形容詞和副詞最高級(jí)的用法：1. the + the + 最高級(jí)最高級(jí) + (

13、+ (名詞名詞) + ) + 表示范圍的短語(yǔ)或從句表示范圍的短語(yǔ)或從句 “ “是最是最” Bob is the tallest boy in our school. He is the kindest man that I have ever met. Li Tao jumps (the) farthest of all. She is the most careful student of us three.4.4.one of the+one of the+最高級(jí)最高級(jí)( (形形)+)+名詞名詞( (復(fù)復(fù))+)+表示范圍的短語(yǔ)表示范圍的短語(yǔ) “ “是是當(dāng)中最當(dāng)中最之一之一” Shangha

14、i is one of the biggest cities in China.注注: :形容詞最高級(jí)前一般要加形容詞最高級(jí)前一般要加the,the,副詞最高級(jí)前可加可不加副詞最高級(jí)前可加可不加3.3.最高級(jí)最高級(jí) ( ( 特殊疑問(wèn)句特殊疑問(wèn)句) )， or or ? “? “哪個(gè)哪個(gè)更更?”?” Who is the youngest, Jim, Tom or Jenny?2. 2. the second(third the second(third )+)+最高級(jí)最高級(jí)+(+(名詞名詞)+ )+ 表示范圍表示范圍 的短語(yǔ)的短語(yǔ) “ “是第二是第二( (三三) )” The Chongmin

15、g Island is the third biggest island in China.形容詞和副詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的形容詞和副詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的2020個(gè)雷區(qū)個(gè)雷區(qū)Correct the mistakes:1. Marys hair is longer than my sister.2. The weather in Beijing is colder than in Shanghai.3. The apples in this basket are better than them in that basket.4. The Changjiang River is longer than

16、 any river in China.5. China is larger than any other country in Europe.6. His older brother is elder than I.7. Our country is getting more beautiful and more beautiful.8. This classroom is three times as bigger as that one.9. Who is tallest student in our school?10. Which do you like better, apples

17、, bananas or pears?_my sisters_ that _those_any other_any_elder_older_more and more_big_the tallest_(the) bestCorrect the mistakes:11. This box is more heavier than that one.12. Tom is the youngest in the three.13. He is taller of the two.14. Today is our the busiest day.15. I think math is very mor

18、e difficult than Chinese.16. There are much more people in the street than usual.17. Mike is so tall as Jack.18. Li Ying jumped farther than Jim jumped.19. The Yellow River is the second longer river in China.20. We must get farther information._heavier_of_the taller_our_much _many_as_(did)_longest

19、_further用括號(hào)內(nèi)形容詞或副詞的適當(dāng)形式填空用括號(hào)內(nèi)形容詞或副詞的適當(dāng)形式填空: :1. This horse is very _ (strong), but that horse is much _ (strong) than this one.2. Its so late, so I drive the car _(slowly) than usual.3. He went _(far) than the other explorers.4. The _(little) you eat, the _(thin) you are.5. The Beijing Library is on

20、e of _(big) libraries in China.6. The street is as _(long) as that one, but it is_ (wide) than that one.7. His drawing isnt so _(good) as yours.8. When a piece of ice is taken into a warm room, it becomes _(small) and _(small).9. This piano is _(expensive) than the other two. It is _(expensive) of t

21、he three.10. Which is _(difficult), English, physics or biology?strongstrongerlessfarther/furtherlongsmallermore expensivethe most difficultmore slowlygoodthe biggestwidersmallerthe most expensivethinner合并句子，每空一詞：合并句子，每空一詞：1. Lucy is 8 years old. Lily is 8 years old, too. Lucy is _ _ _ Lily.2. Danny

22、 is 15. Jenny is 12. Jenny is _ _ _ than Danny.3. Jim jumps 2 metres high. Tom jumps 3 metres high. Tom jumps _ _ Jim.4. Jenny jumps far. Brain jumps farther than Jenny. Danny jumps farther than Brain. Danny jumps _ _ the three.5. A car runs 150 kilometres per hour. A bike runs 50 kilometres per hou

23、r. A car runs _ _ _ _ as a bike. A car runs _ _ than a bike higher thanfarthest ofthree times as fast as old asfaster twice three years younger同義句轉(zhuǎn)換，每空一詞：同義句轉(zhuǎn)換，每空一詞：1. Mike is not so/as tall as Jack. Jack is _ _ Mike.2. He is the youngest in his class. He is younger than _ _ _ in his class. He is yo

24、unger than _ _ _ in his class.3. The cheetah is faster than any other animal in the world. The cheetah is _ _ animal in the world. (同上同上) The _ fastest animal is the cheetah.4. Japanese is less useful than Chinese. Japanese _ as/so useful _ Chinese.5. I am as diligent as her. I am as diligent as _ _.6. Li Ying jumped farther than Jim. Li Ying jumped farther than Jim _.taller thanany other studentthe other students the fastestshe isdid worldsisntas漢譯英：漢譯