九年級(jí)第二單元賓語(yǔ)從句

1、Unit 2 I think that mooncakes are delicious. We know him We know he likes English.主主s s主主s s謂謂v v謂謂v v賓賓o o賓賓o o賓語(yǔ)從句就是由一個(gè)句子來(lái)構(gòu)成主句的賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)從句就是由一個(gè)句子來(lái)構(gòu)成主句的賓語(yǔ) 主主s s謂謂v v賓賓o o簡(jiǎn)單句簡(jiǎn)單句復(fù)合句復(fù)合句 一一 什么什么 是賓語(yǔ)從句？是賓語(yǔ)從句？試比較賓語(yǔ)從句的概念賓語(yǔ)從句的概念 在句子中起賓語(yǔ)作用的從句叫做賓語(yǔ)從句。在句子中起賓語(yǔ)作用的從句叫做賓語(yǔ)從句。 We know Mr Green teaches English. She asked

2、if these answers were right.二、賓語(yǔ)從句三要素：二、賓語(yǔ)從句三要素：連連 接接 詞詞時(shí)時(shí) 態(tài)態(tài)語(yǔ)語(yǔ) 序序1. 1.由從屬連詞由從屬連詞thatthat引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句3.3.由連接代詞由連接代詞 who, whom, whose, which， what 和連接副詞和連接副詞 where, how, why, when引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句2.由從屬連詞由從屬連詞 whether, if 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句連接詞賓語(yǔ)從句連接詞:1.陳述句2.一般疑問(wèn)句3.特殊疑問(wèn)句that if /whether原有的連接代詞原有的連接代詞和連接

3、副詞和連接副詞1. I hear (that) _. 2. He said (that) _. 3. The teacher told us (that) _ _. he will be back in an hour he missed us very much the earth moves由由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句注：注：that 在句中無(wú)詞匯意義，在從句中不充在句中無(wú)詞匯意義，在從句中不充當(dāng)成分，在口語(yǔ)當(dāng)中往往省略。當(dāng)成分，在口語(yǔ)當(dāng)中往往省略。around the sunObject clauses with thatWell have exams next Friday

4、.Using sayI can help him.The teacher says (that ) well have exams next Friday.The girl says (that) she can help him.v1. April is the hottest month of the year.v (I believe)vI believe (that) April is the hottest month of the year. v2. It was a little crowded. v( I guess)v I guess (that) it was a litt

5、le crowded.v3. The races were not that interesting to watch.v (Bill thinks )vBill thinks (that) the races were not that interesting to watch.v4. The Water Festival is really fun. v( I know)v I know (that) the Water Festival is really fun.v5. Miss Liu will go to the beach tomorrow.v (I hear )vI hear

6、(that) Miss Liu will go to the beach tomorrow. v6. The food was delicious .v ( He says)v He says（that) the food was delicious.連詞連詞that不能省略的幾種情況不能省略的幾種情況 在由在由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中，由于連詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中，由于連詞that只起引導(dǎo)功能，無(wú)具體意義，不擔(dān)當(dāng)任何成份，只起引導(dǎo)功能，無(wú)具體意義，不擔(dān)當(dāng)任何成份，因此在口語(yǔ)或非正式的文體中?？墒÷?。然而，因此在口語(yǔ)或非正式的文體中常可省略。然而，大凡規(guī)則總有例外的情況，在下列大凡規(guī)則總有例外的情

7、況，在下列that引導(dǎo)的引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中，賓語(yǔ)從句中，that則不能省略。則不能省略。1. 從句的主語(yǔ)是從句的主語(yǔ)是that。如：。如： He says that that is a real kings hat. 他說(shuō)那是一個(gè)真的王冠。他說(shuō)那是一個(gè)真的王冠。2. that從句中含有主從復(fù)合句。如：從句中含有主從復(fù)合句。如： Im afraid that if youve lost it, you must pay for it.3. 主、從句之間有插入語(yǔ)時(shí)。如：主、從句之間有插入語(yǔ)時(shí)。如： It says here, on this card, that it was used in pla

8、ys. 卡片上寫(xiě)著，它是古代演戲用的?？ㄆ蠈?xiě)著，它是古代演戲用的。4. 若出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)或兩上以上的由若出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)或兩上以上的由that引導(dǎo)的賓引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，且由并列連詞連接時(shí)，只有第一個(gè)語(yǔ)從句，且由并列連詞連接時(shí)，只有第一個(gè)連詞連詞that可以省略。如：可以省略。如： She said (that) she would come and that she would also bring her son. 她說(shuō)她要來(lái)，還要帶她的兒子來(lái)。她說(shuō)她要來(lái)，還要帶她的兒子來(lái)。Which of the following sentences has an object clause?Is Jim in ?H

9、as she taken any medicine ?Using wonderLi Lei wonders if Jim is in.The doctor wonders if she has taken some medicine.疑問(wèn)句變賓語(yǔ)從句的步驟：疑問(wèn)句變賓語(yǔ)從句的步驟：1、把句、把句子變?yōu)榭隙ň渥幼優(yōu)榭隙ň鋠Is Jim at home? Jim is at home. 2. Is June a good time to visit Hong Kong? June is a good time to visit Hong Kong. 3. Does he like sports?

10、He likes sports. 4. Will they play basketball after school? They will play basketball after school.變化方法：變化方法：主句主句 + if / whether + 一般疑問(wèn)句。一般疑問(wèn)句。if/whether 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句 ，表示，表示“是否是否”之義，之義，在句中不充當(dāng)句子成份，在句中不充當(dāng)句子成份， if/whether可互換?？苫Q。2.在句子前加上從屬連詞在句子前加上從屬連詞 whether, if該一般疑問(wèn)句要變?yōu)殛愂鼍湫问?。該一般疑?wèn)句要變?yōu)殛愂鼍湫问?。把下列各句變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從

11、句把下列各句變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句vIs Jim at home? (I wonder) I wonder whether / if Jim is at home. 2. Is June a good time to visit Hong Kong? ( He wonders) He wonders whether/ if June is a good time to visit Hong Kong. 把下列各句變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句把下列各句變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句 3. Does he like sports? ( Do you know) Do you know whether he likes sports? 4.

12、Will they play basketball after school? ( He asks) He asks whether they will play basketball after school. if和和whether引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，作引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，作“是否是否”講，一般情況下，二者沒(méi)有區(qū)別，可以換用。講，一般情況下，二者沒(méi)有區(qū)別，可以換用。但但if常用于口語(yǔ)中，常用于口語(yǔ)中，whether比較正式。如：比較正式。如： Millie asked if/whether he liked this sweater. 米莉問(wèn)他是否喜歡這件羊毛衫。米莉問(wèn)他是否喜歡這件羊毛衫。 Th

13、e fisherman wants to know if/whether it will rain. 漁民想知道天是否會(huì)下雨。漁民想知道天是否會(huì)下雨。Object clauses with if and whether由由if / whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句. if和和whether引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，要注意賓語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，要注意賓語(yǔ)從句三要素，即連詞、語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)。由于從句三要素，即連詞、語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)。由于if和和whether連接的是一般疑問(wèn)句，因此要注意把連接的是一般疑問(wèn)句，因此要注意把從句語(yǔ)序改為陳述句語(yǔ)序。如：從句語(yǔ)序改為陳述句語(yǔ)序。如： Does Mr Zhao liv

14、e in Room 208? Could you tell me? Could you tell me if/whether Mr Zhao lives in Room 208? 其次要注意時(shí)態(tài)變化：其次要注意時(shí)態(tài)變化： 1. 若主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句用任何所需時(shí)若主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句用任何所需時(shí)態(tài)。如：態(tài)。如： He wants to know if / whether they had a good journey home. 他想知道他們回家旅途是否愉快。他想知道他們回家旅途是否愉快。2. 若主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句則用跟過(guò)去相若主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句則用跟過(guò)去相關(guān)的時(shí)態(tài)。即一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)變

15、為一般過(guò)去時(shí)、關(guān)的時(shí)態(tài)。即一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)變?yōu)橐话氵^(guò)去時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)為過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去完成時(shí)。過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去完成時(shí)。如：如： Did the train leave? She didnt know. She didnt know if / whether the train had left. . if和和whether的區(qū)別的區(qū)別二者在下列幾種情況下不能換用：二者在下列幾種情況下不能換用：1. 賓語(yǔ)從句置于句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，應(yīng)用賓語(yǔ)從句置于句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，應(yīng)用whether，不用，不用if。如：。如：

16、Whether this is true or not, I cant say. 這是否對(duì)，我不能說(shuō)。這是否對(duì)，我不能說(shuō)。2. 賓語(yǔ)從句與賓語(yǔ)從句與or not直接連用時(shí)，應(yīng)用直接連用時(shí)，應(yīng)用whether，不能用，不能用if。如：。如： I dont know whether or not he will come tomorrow. 我不知道他明天是否來(lái)。我不知道他明天是否來(lái)。3. 與動(dòng)詞不定式連用時(shí)，只能用與動(dòng)詞不定式連用時(shí)，只能用whether。如：。如： She cant decide whether to go to America. 她不能決定是否去美國(guó)。她不能決定是否去美國(guó)。4

17、. 從句作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，只能用從句作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，只能用whether。如：。如： I worry about whether I hurt her feeling. 我擔(dān)心是否傷了她的感情。我擔(dān)心是否傷了她的感情。5. 賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是否定形式時(shí)，只能用賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是否定形式時(shí)，只能用if，不能用，不能用whether。如：。如： Tom wants to know if he wont come here tomorrow. 湯姆想知道他明天是否不來(lái)這兒。湯姆想知道他明天是否不來(lái)這兒。6. if意為意為“假如，如果假如，如果”時(shí)，可以引導(dǎo)條件狀時(shí)，可以引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，而語(yǔ)從句，而w

18、hether沒(méi)有這個(gè)用法。如：沒(méi)有這個(gè)用法。如： If Simon comes here tomorrow, Ill call you. 假如西蒙明天來(lái)這兒，我將打電話告訴你。假如西蒙明天來(lái)這兒，我將打電話告訴你。1. I dont know if Mr. Wang _on a field trip. If he _ on a field trip tomorrow, please call me. A. goes; will go B. will go; goes C. will go; will go D. goes; goes 2. She asked me if I knew _. A

19、. whose pen was it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen is it BB3. They wondered if the teacher _ us English the next term. A. would teach B. had taught C. will teach D. taughtAChoose the right answers.5. I havent decide _ Ill go out or stay at home. A. if B. when C. why D. whether6.

20、I want to know _ he loves you. A. that B. what C. if D. whoDC4. The boy asked _ any noise from outside. A. whether had I heard B. whether I had heard C. whether have I heard D. whether I have heardBAC 7. I wondered _ our teacher was going to attend our party. A. whether B. why C. where D. that 8. Id

21、 like to know _ or not. A. whether will he come B. whether has he come C. whether he will come D. if he will come改為含賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句改為含賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句 1. Will the train arrive on time? I want to know. I want to know _ the train _ on time.2. Did Peter come here yesterday? Li Lei wants to know. Li Lei wants to know

22、_ Peter _ here yesterday.will arriveif / whether came if / whether Complete the sentences.1. 我們不知道我們能否在火星上種植植物。我們不知道我們能否在火星上種植植物。 We are wondering _ _ on Mars.2. 你能告訴我是不是有許多人打算搬到火星你能告訴我是不是有許多人打算搬到火星上去嗎？上去嗎？ Could you tell me _ to Mars?whether / if we canif / whether many peopleare going to movegrow

23、plants3. 我不知道他在家洗不洗衣服。我不知道他在家洗不洗衣服。 I dont know _ any washing at home. 4. 我擔(dān)心是否傷害了她的感情。我擔(dān)心是否傷害了她的感情。 I am worried about _. whether or not he doeswhether I hurt herfeelings1. Uncle Wang came up to see _ there was anything wrong with the machine.2. The shop keeper asked my father _ or not he wanted to

24、 choose a big Christmas tree.if / whetherwhether3. I dont know _ to go or stay.4. _ that is true, what should we do?whetherIf5. _ they will ever become future Olympic champions only time will tell. WhetherComplete the sentences with if / whether.v賓語(yǔ)從句語(yǔ)序：陳述句語(yǔ)序賓語(yǔ)從句語(yǔ)序：陳述句語(yǔ)序v主句主句 + +連連 接接 詞詞 + +主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) + +

25、謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ) + +其他成分其他成分. .把下列賓語(yǔ)從句變?yōu)榉穸ň?。把下列賓語(yǔ)從句變?yōu)榉穸ň洹I think that they are fun to watch. I dont think that they are fun to watch.2. I believe April is the hottest month of the year. I dont believe April is the hottest month of the year. 三、賓語(yǔ)從句的句型變化三、賓語(yǔ)從句的句型變化v賓語(yǔ)從句的句型變化一般體現(xiàn)在主賓語(yǔ)從句的句型變化一般體現(xiàn)在主句的變化上。句的變化上。vPlea

26、se tell me how I can go there.vCould you please tell me how I can go there ?vDont tell me how I can go there .四、賓語(yǔ)從句的四、賓語(yǔ)從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移否定轉(zhuǎn)移：v如果主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是如果主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是 think, believe, guess , suppose 等，等，而且主句的主語(yǔ)又是第一人稱時(shí)，而且主句的主語(yǔ)又是第一人稱時(shí)，它后面接的賓語(yǔ)從句的否定詞通它后面接的賓語(yǔ)從句的否定詞通常要前移到主句中，即否定主句常要前移到主句中，即否定主句中的動(dòng)詞，而從句用肯定形式中的動(dòng)詞，而從句用肯

27、定形式v即：即：主語(yǔ)為第一人稱，否定在主主語(yǔ)為第一人稱，否定在主句，翻譯在從句。句，翻譯在從句。 Translate the following sentences.1. 我認(rèn)為不會(huì)下雨我認(rèn)為不會(huì)下雨 I _ that it _. 2. 我認(rèn)為你的答案不對(duì)我認(rèn)為你的答案不對(duì). I _your answer right. 我們相信他還沒(méi)走我們相信他還沒(méi)走. We _ that he _. dont think will raindont thinkisdont believe has gonePractice :根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)句子的意思完成下列英語(yǔ)句子根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)句子的意思完成下列英語(yǔ)句子1. 我認(rèn)為瑪麗

28、不回來(lái)了。我認(rèn)為瑪麗不回來(lái)了。 I dont think Mary _ _.2. 山姆給我說(shuō)他準(zhǔn)備去上海。山姆給我說(shuō)他準(zhǔn)備去上海。 Sam told me that he _ _ for Shanghai.3.我想知道今天晚上還有沒(méi)有去北京的火車(chē)。我想知道今天晚上還有沒(méi)有去北京的火車(chē)。 I want to know _ there is a train to Beijing.willcome was leaving if / whether ( )1. I wonder _. Im afraid well be late. (2011山東青島山東青島) A. how we can be on

29、time B. what we are going to do C. why we get to school late D. if we will arrive at the meeting on time中考鏈接中考鏈接D( )2. Well plant trees tomorrow, and I dont know_ Tom will come and join us. (2011天天津津) A. if B. which C. what D. whereA( )3. Do you know _ tomorrow? Sorry, I dont know. You may surf the

30、Internet. (2011湖南湘潭湖南湘潭)A. whether will it rain B. if it will rain C. whether does it rainB( )4.Mum, can we go to the art museum tomorrow? Sure. But first we should find out _. (2011廣西南寧市廣西南寧市) A. what can we do B. where we can go C. how can we go there D. if it will be openD( )5. We dont know _ the

31、 meeting will be held soon. (2011內(nèi)蒙古包頭內(nèi)蒙古包頭) A. when B. what C. whether D. since C( )5. Mary, could you tell me if your mother _ our school sports meeting tomorrow?I think she will come to school if she _ free.(2011山東濱州山東濱州) A. will take part in; will be B. takes part in; is C. will take part in; is

32、 D. takes part in; will beC( )6. Do you know _ Guangzhou tomorrow? (2011肇慶肇慶)A. whether they leave for B. whether will they leave for C. whether they are leaving for C( )7. Ive decided to go to London next weekend. I was wondering _ you could go with me. (2011江西省江西省) A. if B. when C. that D. whereA(

33、 )8.Do you think _ Xiao Ming can pass the high school entrance exam or not? Sorry, Ive no idea. (2011廣西百色廣西百色) A. that B. which C. if D. whetherD ( )9. He said that light _much faster than sound. (2011山東棗莊山東棗莊) A. has travelled B. went C. travels D. travelledC( ) 10. Over these years I have had a ne

34、w understanding of _ people traditionally call a perfect person. (2012江蘇淮安江蘇淮安) A. how B. what C. who D. whomA( ) 11. Can you tell me in the future? (2012江蘇宿遷江蘇宿遷) A. how life will be like B. how will life be like C. what life will be like D. what will life be likeC( ) 12.Do you know _? At the end of July. (2012江蘇連云港江蘇連云港) A. how soon is your sister running back home B.