2023屆新教材老高考英語(yǔ)人教版一輪習(xí)題：必修第一冊(cè) UNIT 4　NATURAL DISASTERS

1、課時(shí)作業(yè).高效提能用三【基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)練】基礎(chǔ)默寫I .單詞背誦閱讀詞匯詞義默寫disaster n.災(zāi)難；災(zāi)害drought n.旱災(zāi)；久旱slide沅（使）滑行；滑動(dòng)shelters.避難處；居所；庇護(hù)我.保護(hù)；掩蔽沅.躲避（風(fēng)雨或危險(xiǎn)）context n. 上下文； 語(yǔ)境； 背景volcano n. 火山erupt vi.&火山）爆發(fā)；（巖漿、煙等）噴出typhoon n. 臺(tái)風(fēng)hurricane n.（尤指西大西洋的）颶風(fēng)tap況.& .輕叩；輕敲；輕拍n. 水龍頭；輕叩；輕敲whistle況.吹口哨；發(fā)出笛聲“吹口哨n.哨子（聲）；呼嘯聲emergency n. 突發(fā)事件； 緊急情況寫作詞

2、匯詞形默寫rescue n. &”營(yíng)救；救援damage ”損害;破壞n.損壞；損失destroya.摧毀:毀滅affect ”.影響;（疾?。┣忠u；深深打動(dòng)electricity n.電；電能bury .埋葬;安葬effortn.努力；艱難的嘗試；盡力wisdom n.智慧；才智supply n.供應(yīng)（量）；補(bǔ)給；p/.補(bǔ)給品”.供應(yīng)；供給巫“切.鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的”.使平靜；使鎮(zhèn)靜sweep .& 式.打掃； 清掃.解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換?？崭裰兴顔卧~在句中作benefits的賓語(yǔ)，需用develop 的名詞形式。答案：development.解析：考查代詞?？崭裰兴顔卧~在句中作定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞

3、origin,需用其 形容詞性物主代詞形式。答案：its.解析：考查介詞。該句意思是“直到20世紀(jì)80年代末，它才被廣泛接受為 一種旅游理念”。句中使用了 “noJuntiL.“句型，意思是“直到才”。 答案：until.角星析：考查冠詞。of environmentally-related and adventure travel 作定語(yǔ)，修飾 growing popularity,特指“與環(huán)境有關(guān)的探險(xiǎn)旅行越來(lái)越受歡迎”，故填定冠詞 the。答案：the.解析：考查介詞。various types of是固定搭配，意思是“各種類型的”。 答案:Of.解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)visi

4、ting the place在句中作介詞of的賓 語(yǔ)。答案：visiting.解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。空格中所填單詞在句中作定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞aid,需用 finance的形容詞形式。答案：financial.解析：考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)?？崭裰兴顔卧~在句中作主語(yǔ)，由句中from whale watching to hiking可知，這里指各種各樣的活動(dòng)，需用activity的復(fù)數(shù)形式。答案：Activities.解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。aim后常接不定式作賓語(yǔ)，aimtodosth.意思是“旨 在做某事”。答案：to havestrike況.& .侵襲;突擊；擊打n.罷工；罷課；襲擊deliver 山遞送

5、;傳達(dá) ”.發(fā)表summary n.總結(jié)；概括；概要effect n.影響；結(jié)果；效果拓展詞匯詞形變化survive況.生存;存活“幸存；艱難度過(guò)f survival幸存f survivor n.幸存者選況.死；死亡f death.死；死亡shock n.震驚；令人震驚的事；休克”（使）震驚-shocking 力.令人震驚的 f shocked 切震驚的breathe vi.& .呼吸f breath n.呼吸suffer”.遭受;蒙受血.（因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等）受苦-suffering折磨；苦難power兒電力供應(yīng);能量；力量；控制力-powerful 力.強(qiáng)大的;有力的 f powerle

6、ss adj.無(wú)力的；沒(méi)有能力的long 力長(zhǎng)的f lengthn.長(zhǎng)度；長(zhǎng)II .核心短語(yǔ)默寫as if似乎；好像；仿佛in ruins嚴(yán)重受損；破敗不堪in shock震驚；吃驚come to an end 結(jié)束； 終結(jié)dig out掘出；發(fā)現(xiàn)the number of 的數(shù)目blow away 把刮走cut across 橫穿as usual和往常一樣gut up on ones feet 站起來(lái)become a home to 成為的家園in the open aie 露天； 在戶外carry out執(zhí)行；實(shí)施;貫徹；完成on hand現(xiàn)有(尤指幫助)sweep away消滅；徹底消除

7、hold on to抓住；堅(jiān)持此教材原句補(bǔ)全I(xiàn)t seemed as if the world were coming to an end!仿佛世界末日即將來(lái)臨！The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400, 000.在此次地震中喪生或身受重傷的人數(shù)超過(guò)了 40萬(wàn)。Fishermen, tourists? hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquak

8、e that reached a magnitude of 9.0.漁民、游客、酒店、住房和汽車都被高達(dá)9.0級(jí)的強(qiáng)震所引發(fā)的巨浪卷走。I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home. 我和我的3個(gè)孩子正在吃早餐，這時(shí)家里開(kāi)始灌水。However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.然而，由于條件險(xiǎn)惡和道路受損，食物運(yùn)送和物資補(bǔ)給將非常

9、困難。語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用I .單句語(yǔ)法填空The motorcycle ran so fast that it crashed into the fence.Milk is delivered(deliver)to our door every morning.We had to stop for breath(breathe)before we got to the top.This disaster could cause serious damage to the country*s economy. With the aid of our English teacher, we have mad

10、e great progress this term. If youre addicted to computer games， youll ruin yourself(you).Ever since he moved there, he has buried(bury)himself in his research work.Studies show that people are more likely to suffer from back problems if they sit before computer screens for long hours.The accident c

11、aused 3 deaths(die), which happened previous to his arrival there.If cancers are spotted early, theres a high chance of survival(survive).II .一句多譯/句式升級(jí).他埋頭學(xué)習(xí)，不知道其他人都早已離開(kāi)了。(bury)Buried in his study, he didnt know that all the others had left.(分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)) Burying himself in his study, he didnt know that

12、all the others had left.(分詞短語(yǔ) 作狀語(yǔ))Because he was buried in his study, he didnt know that all the others had left.(原因 狀語(yǔ)從句).我們將竭盡全力幫助你，但你必須做好迎接各種困難的準(zhǔn)備。 Well try/do our best to help you, but you must get prepared to meet all kinds of difficulties.(best)Wei make every effort to help you/spare no effort

13、 to help you， but you must get prepared to meet all kinds of difficulties.(effort).我年齡太小了，不理解這部電影的含義。I was too young to understand the meaning of the film.(too.to.)I was so young that I couldn*t understand the meaning of the film.(so.that.).我突然想到，我應(yīng)該拜訪我的老師。It suddenly struck me that I should pay a v

14、isit to my teacher.(strike)It suddenly hit me that I should pay a visit to my teacher.(hit). He suffered defeat after defeat, and he began to lose faith in himself.f Having suffered defeat after defeat, he began to lose faith in himself.(分詞短語(yǔ)作 狀語(yǔ))【模擬提升練】I .完形填空Berry, aged 7, became the youngest memb

15、er of Hunger Free Colorado, a charity helping to hunger throughout the state.Berry first became 2 of people going hungry when he saw a man at a stoplight holding a 3 asking for help.He was 4 that the man didn*t have enough money to buy food, so he and his mom looked online for a(n) 5 They discovered

16、 Hunger Free Colorado. 6 by the groups mission, Berry decided to7 money for the hungry.Berry organized kids* club meetings at his house, 8 his friends to help.At one of their first gatherings, Berry and his friends made pet treat jars to 9 in their area.Later, they ran a doughnut and lemonade 10 tha

17、t also offered coffee, ice pops and cookies.More events 11 The club hosted a neighborhood movie night. 12 they arranged a movie night at their schooLThey told the 13 of 75 children how the event would 14 people in hunger.Berry ran the event from beginning to end, 15 making sure that everything was c

18、leaned up and back to 16 afterward.Berry continued to hold meetings and 17 more events.He said the 18 to fund-raising is to find what most people like.So far, Berry*s club has collected more than $8, 000 for Hunger Free Colorado.Berry likes helping people and getting other kids 19 .Berry is proof th

19、at everyone can make a(n)20 by doing what he can to help others.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。7歲的Berry成了一個(gè)旨在消除饑餓的慈 善機(jī)構(gòu)的最小的成員，他在自己家里組織了兒童俱樂(lè)部會(huì)議，號(hào)召他的朋友們?nèi)?提供幫助，并通過(guò)經(jīng)營(yíng)攤位和組織活動(dòng)等已成功地為該機(jī)構(gòu)籌集了 8 000多美元。 1. A.findB. endC. refuseD. attach解析：根據(jù)空前的“Hunger Free Colorado”并結(jié)合下文內(nèi)容可推知，這個(gè)慈善機(jī)構(gòu) 旨在幫助結(jié)束(end)本州的饑餓狀況。故選B。答案：BA.fondB. afraidC.

20、awareD. shamed解析：Berry看到一個(gè)饑餓的人舉著牌子(sign)尋求幫助時(shí)，他第一次意識(shí)到了 (aware)有人食不果腹的狀況。答案：cA.letterB. photoC. parcelD. sign解析：參見(jiàn)上題解析。答案：DA.upsetB. discouragedC. disappointedD. frightened解析：根據(jù)下文Berry努力為饑餓的人籌款并結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，Berry看到那個(gè)人 沒(méi)有足夠多的錢去買吃的，他很難過(guò)(upset)。答案：AA.purposeB. solutionC. advantageD. distribution解析：根據(jù)語(yǔ)境并結(jié)合上題解析

21、可知，Berry和媽媽就開(kāi)始在網(wǎng)上尋求(饑餓問(wèn)題 的)解決辦法(solution),與下句“They discovered Hunger Free Colorado.相呼應(yīng)。答案：BA.ManagedB. PraisedC. RespectedD. Inspired解析：根據(jù)該句中的.Berry decided to 7 money for the hungry.”可知,Berry 被這個(gè)慈善機(jī)構(gòu)的使命所激勵(lì)(inspired),決定去為那些饑餓的人們籌錢。答案：DA.earnB. payC. saveD. raise解析：參見(jiàn)上題解析。此處與下文中的“fund-raising” .has c

22、ollected more than $8, 000 for Hunger Free Colorado. 相呼應(yīng)。raise “籌募”。答案：D. A.calling onB. ringing upC. searching forD. thinking about解析：Berry在自己家里組織了兒童俱樂(lè)部會(huì)議，(calling on)號(hào)召他的朋友們?nèi)?提供幫助。答案：AA.buyB. sellC. deliverD. collect解析：根據(jù)上文講述的Berry決定為饑餓的人籌錢并結(jié)合下一句可知，他們后來(lái) 還經(jīng)營(yíng)了一個(gè)賣甜甜圈和檸檬汽水的攤位，并提供咖啡、冰棒和曲奇餅干，由此 可推知，此處表示

23、Berry和他的朋友們把自己做的東西拿去售賣以籌錢。答案：BA.clubB. officeC. standD. base解析：參見(jiàn)上題解析。stand “貨攤”。答案：cA.developedB. existedC. followedD. entered解析：根據(jù)下文可知，Berry組織的俱樂(lè)部還做了許多其他的事情。follow “在 后發(fā)生”符合語(yǔ)境。答案：CA.SoB. ThenC. ButD. Yet解析：空前一句表述該俱樂(lè)部舉辦了社區(qū)電影夜，空后表述他們?cè)趯W(xué)校也安排了 電影夜活動(dòng)，由此可知，上下句表示邏輯上的順承關(guān)系。then 然后，接著符 合語(yǔ)境。答案：BA.crowdB. numb

24、erC. mostD. part解析：75個(gè)兒童屬于一個(gè)群體，因此選A。crowd “人群”。答案：AA.organizeB. requireC. uniteD. benefit解析：根據(jù)上文“Berry decided to 7 money for the hungry”和 Berry organized kids* club meetings at his house, 8 his friends to help.” 可推知，Berry 所做的 事情是為了給那些饑餓的人提供幫助，即使他們受益。故選D。答案：DA.tryingB. practicingC. includingD. consi

25、dering解析：根據(jù)該句中的“Berry ran the event from beginning to end”可知，Berry 從頭 到尾管理這一事項(xiàng)，且空后介紹了其中的一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)，由此可推知，此處表示“包 括”。答案：cA.orderB. normalC. natureD. balance解析：此處表示“恢復(fù)常態(tài)”，與空后的afterward和空前的everything was cleaned up相呼應(yīng)。答案：BA.planB. attendC. discoverD. introduce角星析：根據(jù)上文中的Berry organized kids club meetings at hi

26、s house”可推知， Berry是活動(dòng)的組織人和策劃人，此處表示Berry繼續(xù)組織會(huì)議并策劃更多的活 動(dòng)。答案：A18 . A.attitudeB. commitmentC. devotionD. key解析：根據(jù)該句中的find what most people like并結(jié)合語(yǔ)境和選項(xiàng)可推知，此處 表示籌錢的關(guān)鍵所在。commitment ”承諾，奉獻(xiàn) ；devotion “奉獻(xiàn)” ;key “關(guān) 鍵”。答案：D19. A.involvedB. concernedC. settledD. impressed解析：根據(jù)上文中的“Berry organized kids* club mee

27、tings at his house, 8 his friends to help.n可推知，此處表示Berry想讓其他的孩子也參與其中，幫助他人。 答案：A20. A.judgmentB. decisionC differenceC differenceD. evidence解析：根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，Berry就是一個(gè)很好的例子，證明了每一個(gè)人都可以 做其力所能及之事來(lái)幫助他人，從而有所影響。make a difference “有影響”。 答案：cII .語(yǔ)法填空(2021 全國(guó) 乙卷)Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact(影響)trav

28、el to undisturbed places.lt is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 1.(educate)about the areas-both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the 2.(develop)of the local areas.Ecotourism has 3.(it)origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s.It was not widely accepted as a travel concept 4