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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-安徽國際商務(wù)職業(yè)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹(jǐn)慎購買!第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Shegavehimbackthemoneyshe’dstolenforthesakeofher___

問題1選項

A.conscientious

B.consciousness

C.conscious

D.conscience

【答案】D

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。A選項conscientious“認(rèn)真的;盡責(zé)的;本著良心的;小心謹(jǐn)慎的”;B選項consciousness“意識;知覺;覺悟;感覺”;C選項conscious“意識到的;故意的;神志清醒的”;D選項conscience“道德心,良心”。句意:為了她的___,她把偷來的錢還給了他。本句表達(dá)“為了她的良心(為了問心無愧)”。因此D選項正確。

2.單選題

Hisconstantattemptsto(

)hiscolleagues'achievementeventuallycausedhisdismissal.

問題1選項

A.withdraw

B.diminish

C.restrain

D.confine

【答案】B

【解析】考察動詞詞義辨析。withdraw“收回,取回”;diminish“減少,減損”;restrain“遏制,管制”;confine“限制”。句意:他不斷嘗試貶低他同事的成就,最終導(dǎo)致他被解雇了。選項B符合題意。

3.單選題

TomLandryisoneofthemostsuccessfulfootballcoachesinNationalFootballLeaguehistoryandhewasknownforhis(

)mannerandfiercecompetitiveness.

問題1選項

A.unruffled

B.brutal

C.suspicious

D.tender

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。Unruffled意為“平靜的,鎮(zhèn)定的,沉著的”;brutal意為“野蠻的”;suspicious意為“可疑的,不信任的”;tender意為“和善的,溫柔的”。

句意:湯姆?蘭德里是國際足球聯(lián)盟歷史上最成功的足球教練之一,他以沉著冷靜和激烈競爭而聞名。

4.翻譯題

過去十年間,中國手機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的發(fā)展可謂有目共睹,幾乎每年都會新增約八千萬用戶,但據(jù)英國廣播公司報道,在某種程度上,真正的通訊革命才剛剛開始。

今年,中國將取代美國成為世界最大的智能手機(jī)市場。對很多中國人來說,智能手機(jī)使他們第一次擁有了通向互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的私人路徑。這對于信息技術(shù)開發(fā)商、尤其是移動手機(jī)應(yīng)用程序開發(fā)商來說是非比尋常的機(jī)遇。

那么,應(yīng)用程序開發(fā)商是怎么在中國賺到錢的呢?一種方法就是嘗試“應(yīng)用內(nèi)銷售”一一他們推出免費的應(yīng)用程序,一旦用戶被吸引,再以較低的價格賣給他們體驗增強(qiáng)版。雖然中國的用戶只愿意出幾分錢來購買升級服務(wù),但只要想想用戶多達(dá)數(shù)百萬,加在一起很快就是一大筆錢。不過,對于非游戲類應(yīng)用程序開發(fā)商來說,要發(fā)展就得依靠廣告收益。

【答案】ThemobilenetworkgrowthinChinahasbeenremarkable,withsome80millionnewusersjoiningeveryyearforthepastdecade.Buttosomeextent,therealcommunicationsrevolutionhasonlyjustbegun,BBCreported.

Thisyear,ChinawillovertakeAmericaastheworld'sbiggestSmartphonemarket.FormanyChinese,theSmartphoneoffersthemtheirfirstpersonalaccesstoInternet.Thisisanextraordinaryopportunityforinformationtechnologydevelopers,especiallymobileappdevelopers.

SohowthendoesanappdevelopermakemoneyinChina?Onewayistotryin-appsales—theyofferfreeappsandonceusersarehooked,theywillsellthemanenhancedversionoftheexperienceatalowerprice.AlthoughusersinChinamaybeonlywillingtopayafewcentsfortheenhancedservice,whenyou'retalkingmillionsofusers,thatcansoonadduptoalotofmoney.But,fornon-gameappdevelopers,theremustbeadvertisingrevenuetomoveforward.

5.單選題

Whatyousaynowisnot()withwhatyousaidlastweek.

問題1選項

A.consistent

B.persistent

C.permanent

D.insistent

【答案】A

【解析】consistent一致的;persistent固執(zhí)的;permanent永久的,不變的;insistent堅持的。句意:你現(xiàn)在所說的與你上星期所說的不一致。選項A符合句意。

6.單選題

TheUnitedStatesandRussiahavereachedanagreementthatcallsforSyria’s()ofchemicalweaponstoberemovedordestroyedbythemiddleof2014,SecretaryofStateJohnKerrysaidonSaturday.

問題1選項

A.artillery

B.armor

C.arsenal

D.army

【答案】C

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。artillery“炮,炮兵部隊”;armor“裝甲,盔甲”;arsenal“兵工廠,軍械庫”;army“軍隊”。句意:美俄兩國已經(jīng)達(dá)成協(xié)議,要求敘利亞化學(xué)武器的軍械庫于2014年年中移除或者銷毀。選項C符合題意。

7.單選題

Recentlythecarfactoryhadtocarryoutpersonnel()becauseoffinancialtrouble.

問題1選項

A.cuts

B.demands

C.reductions

D.orders

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項cuts“切口,份額”;B選項demands“需求”;C選項reductions“減少,縮小”;D選項orders“順序”。句意:最近,由于財政困難,汽車廠不得不進(jìn)行人事_____。根據(jù)前句說“財政困難”,可以推測應(yīng)該是要進(jìn)行人事減少,因此C選項符合題意。

8.單選題

Thefoxreallyexasperatedthemboth.Assoonastheyhadletthefowlsout,intheearlysummermornings,theyhadtotaketheirgunsandkeepguard;andthenagainassoonaseveningbegantomellow,theymustgooncemore.Andhewassosly.Heslidalonginthedeepgrass;hewasdifficultasaserpenttosee.Andheseemedtocircumventthegirlsdeliberately.OnceortwiceMarchhadcaughtsightofthewhitetipofhisbrush,ortheruddyshadowofhiminthedeepgrass,andshehadletfireathim.Buthemadenoaccountofthis.

Thetreesonthewoodedgewereadarkish,brownishgreeninthefulllight—foritwastheendofAugust.Beyond,thenaked,copper-likeshaftsandlimbsofthepinetreesshoneintheair.Nearertheroughgrass,withitslong,brownishstalksallagleam,wasfulloflight.Thefowlswereroundabout—theduckswerestillswimmingonthepondunderthepinetrees.Marchlookedatitall,sawitall,anddidnotseeit.SheheardBanfordspeakingtothefowlsinthedistance—andshedidnothear.Whatwasshethinkingabout?Heavenknows.Herconsciousnesswas,asitwere,heldback.

Sheloweredhereyes,andsuddenlysawthefox.Hewaslookingupather.Hischinwaspresseddown,andhiseyeswerelookingup.Theymethereyes.Andheknewher.Shewasspellbound—sheknewheknewher.Sohelookedintohereyes,andhersoulfailedher.Heknewher,hehasnotdaunted.

Shestruggled,confusedlyshecametoherself,andsawhimmakingoff,withslowleapsoversomefallenboughs,slow,impudentjumps.Thenheglancedoverhisshoulder,andransmoothlyaway.Shesawhisbrushheldsmoothlikeafeather,shesawhiswhitebuttockstwinkle.Andhewasgone,softly,softasthewind.

Sheputherguntohershoulder,buteventhenpursedhermouth,knowingitwasnonsensetopretendtofire.Soshebegantowalkslowlyafterhim,inthedirectionhehadgone,slowly,pertinaciously.Sheexpectedtofindhim.Inherheartshewasdeterminedtofindhim.Whatshewoulddowhenshesawhimagainshedidnotconsider.Butshewasdeterminedtofindhim.Soshewalkedabstractedlyaboutontheedgeofthewood,withwide,vividdarkeyes,andafaintflushinhercheeks.Shedidnotthink.Instrangemindlessnessshewalkedhitherandthither...Assoonassupperwasover,sheroseagaintogoout,withoutsayingwhy.Shetookhergunagainandwenttolookforthefox.Forhehadliftedhiseyesuponher,andhisknowinglookseemedtohaveenteredherbrain.Shedidnotsomuchthinkofhim:shewaspossessedbyhim.Shesawhisdark,shrewd,unabashedeyelookingintoher,knowingher.Shefelthiminvisiblymasterherspirit.Sheknewthewayheloweredhischinashelookedup,sheknewhismuzzle,thegoldenbrown,andthegreyishwhite.Andagainshesawhimglanceoverhisshoulderather,halfinviting,halfcontemptuousandcunning.Soshewent,withhergreatstartledeyesglowing,hergununderherarm,alongthewoodedge.Meanwhilethenightfell,andagreatmoonroseabovethepinetrees.

1.Atthebeginningofthestory,thefoxseemstobeallEXCEPT(

).

2.Asthestoryproceeds.Marchbeginstofeelunderthespellof

).

3.GraduallyMarchseemstobeinastateof

).

4.Attheendofthestory,thereseemstobeasenseof

betweenMarchandthefox.

5.Thepassagecreatesanoverallimpressionof(

).

問題1選項

A.cunning

B.fierce

C.defiant

D.annoying

問題2選項

A.thelight

B.thetrees

C.thenight

D.thefox

問題3選項

A.blankness

B.imagination

C.sadness

D.excitement

問題4選項

A.detachment

B.anger

C.intimacy

D.conflict

問題5選項

A.mystery

B.horror

C.liveliness

D.contempt.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Thefoxreallyexasperatedthemboth.狐貍真的把他們都激怒了”可知選項D“惱人的”正確;根據(jù)第一段第三句“Andhewassosly.并且他是如此的狡猾?!笨芍x項A“狡猾的”正確;根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Buthemadenoaccountofthis.但是他卻不把(March向他開槍)這件事放在心上?!币簿褪钦f,狐貍這里是在挑釁March,所以選項C“挑釁的”也正確。只有選項B在文中沒有提及,所以本題選B。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第三段最后兩句“Andheknewher.Shewasspellbound—sheknewheknewher.Sohelookedintohereyes,andhersoulfailedher.Heknewher,hehasnotdaunted.他(狐貍)認(rèn)識她。她被迷住了——她知道他認(rèn)識她。所以他看著她的眼睛,她的靈魂辜負(fù)了她。他認(rèn)識她,并不畏懼?!庇纱丝芍琈arch是被狐貍迷住了。所以選項D正確。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文第五段最后三句“Soshewalkedabstractedlyaboutontheedgeofthewood,withwide,vividdarkeyes,andafaintflushinhercheeks.Shedidnotthink.Instrangemindlessnessshewalkedhitherandthither.于是她心不在焉地在樹林邊上走來走去,一雙明亮的黑眼睛睜得大大的,兩頰微微泛起紅暈。她什么都沒有想。她莫名其妙地走來走去?!庇纱丝芍?,March似乎進(jìn)入了一種放空的狀態(tài),選項A正確。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容“Shedidnotsomuchthinkofhim:shewaspossessedbyhim....Shefelthiminvisiblymasterherspirit.Sheknewthewayheloweredhischinashelookedup,sheknewhismuzzle,thegoldenbrown,andthegreyishwhite.她并不怎么想他,而是被他迷住了。她感到他無形地控制了她的靈魂。她知道他抬起頭來時下巴是怎樣垂下來的,她知道他的口鼻是怎樣的,金褐色的,灰白色的?!庇纱丝赏茢?,在故事的結(jié)尾,March和狐貍之間似乎有親昵的感覺,選項C正確。

5.判斷推理題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知,文章主要講的是March和狐貍之間的故事。根據(jù)原文中的描述可知,全文整體營造的是一種神秘的氛圍,所以選項A正確。

9.單選題

TomandAlice()havinganewcartoreplacetheiroldoneforyears.

問題1選項

A.hasbeendreamingof

B.havebeendreamingof

C.hasdreamed

D.willhavedreamed

【答案】B

【解析】根據(jù)句意可知謂語應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù),首先排除選項A和C,再根據(jù)“foryears”可知,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時,所以選項B正確。

10.單選題

Youstareatwaterfallforaminuteortwo,andthenshiftyourgazetoitssurroundings.Whatyounowseeappearstodriftupward.Theseopticalillusionsoccurbecausethebrainisconstantlymatchingitsmodelofrealitytosignalsfromthebody’ssensorsandinterpretingwhatmustbehappening―thatyourbrainmusthavemoved,nottheother;thatdownwardmotionsisnownormal,soachangefromitmustnowbeperceivedasupwardmotion.

Thesensorsthatmakethismagicareoftwokinds.Eacheyecontainsabout120millionrods,whichprovidesomewhatblurryblackandwhitevision.Thesearethewindowsofnightvision;onceadaptedtothedark,theycandetectacandleburningtenmilesaway.

Colorvisionineacheyecomesfromsixtosevenmillionstructurescalledcones.Underidealconditions,everyconecan“see”theentirerainbowspectrumofvisiblecolors,butonetypeofconeismostsensitivetored,anothertogreen,athirdtoblue.

Rodsandconessendtheirmessagespulsinganaverage20to25times,persecondalongtheopticnerve.Weseeanimageforafractionofasecondlongerthanitactuallyappears.Inmovies,reelsofstillphotographsareprojectedontoscreensat24framespersecond,trickingoureyesintoseeingacontinuousmovingpicture.

Likeapparentmotion,colorvisionisalsosubjecttounusualeffects.Whendaygiveswaytonight,twilightbringswhatthepoetT.S.Eliotcalled“theviolethour”Alightlevelsfall,therodsbecomeprogressivelylessresponsive.Rodsaremostsensitivetotheshorterwavelengthsofblueandgreen,andtheyimpartastrangevividnesstothegarden'sblueflowers.

However,lookatawhiteshirtduringthereddishlightofsunset,andyou’llstillseeitinits“true”color―white,notred.Oureyesareconstantlycomparinganobjectagainstitssurroundings.Theythereforeobservetheeffectofashiftinthecolorofilluminatingonboth,andadjustaccordingly.

Theeyescandistinguishseveralmilliongraduationsoflightandshadeofcolor.Eachwakingsecondtheyflashtensofmillionsofpiecesofinformationtothebrain,whichweavesthemincessantlyintoapictureoftheworldaroundus.

Yetallthisisdoneatthebackofeacheyebyafabricofsensors,calledtheretina,aboutaswideandasthickasapostagestamp.AstheRenaissanceinventorandartistLeonardodaVinciwroteinwonder,“Whowouldbelievethatsosmallaspacecouldcontaintheimagesofalltheuniverse?”

1.Visualillusionsoftentakeplacewhentheimageofrealityis(

).

2.Thevisualsensorthatiscapableofdistinguishingshadesofcoloriscalled

).

3.Theretinasendpulsestothebrain

).

4.Twenty-fourstillphotographsaremadeintoacontinuousmovingpicturejustbecause

).

5.Theauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassageliesin(

).

問題1選項

A.matchedtosixtosevenmillionstructurescalledcones

B.confusedinthebody’ssensorsofbothrodsandcones

C.interpretedinthebrainaswhatmustbethecase

D.signaledbyabout120millionrodsintheeye

問題2選項

A.cones

B.colorvision

C.rods

D.spectrum

問題3選項

A.inshortwavelengths

B.ascolorpictures

C.byaganglioncell

D.alongtheopticnerve

問題4選項

A.theimageweseeusuallystayslongerthanitactuallyappears

B.weseeanobjectincomparisonwithitssurroundings

C.theeyescatchmillionpiecesofinformationcontinuously

D.rodsandconessendmessages20to25timesasecond

問題5選項

A.showingthatwesometimesaredeceivedbyourowneyes

B.informingusaboutthedifferentfunctionsoftheeyeorgans

C.regrettingthatwearetooslowinthestudyofeyes

D.marvelingatthegreatworkdonebytheretina

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由文章第一段中的Theseopticalillusionsoccurbecausethebrainisconstantlymatchingitsmodelofrealitytosignalsfromthebody’ssensorsandinterpretingwhatmustbehappening(這些視覺錯覺之所以出現(xiàn),是因為大腦不斷地將身體的信號與現(xiàn)實情況相匹配,并解釋即將發(fā)生的事情)可知C選項“在大腦中解釋即將發(fā)生的事情”符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由文章第三段中的Underidealconditions,everyconecan“see”theentirerainbowspectrumofvisiblecolors(在理想條件下,每個視錐都能“看到”整個彩虹光譜的可見色)可知選A。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由文章第四段中的Rodsandconessendtheirmessagespulsinganaverage20to25times,persecondalongtheopticnerve.(視桿和視錐沿著視覺神經(jīng)以平均20到25次的脈沖傳遞信息)可知D選項“沿視覺神經(jīng)”符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由文章第四段中的Weseeanimageforafractionofasecondlongerthanitactuallyappears.Inmovies,reelsofstillphotographsareprojectedontoscreensat24framespersecond,trickingoureyesintoseeingacontinuousmovingpicture.(我們看到一個圖像的時間比它實際出現(xiàn)的時間要長一秒。在電影中,靜止的圖像以每秒24幀的速度投射到屏幕上,使我們的眼睛誤以為看到的是一幅連續(xù)不斷運動的畫面)可知A選項“我們看到的圖像通常比實際顯示的要長”符合題意。

5.主旨大意題。文章主要介紹了視網(wǎng)膜中的視桿和視錐細(xì)胞,視桿細(xì)胞主要負(fù)責(zé)夜視,視錐細(xì)胞主要負(fù)責(zé)顏色,因此B選項“告訴我們眼睛器官的不同功能”符合題意。

11.單選題

Manywell-educatedpeopledon’tbelievethat(

)willendangerfreedomofspeech.

問題1選項

A.censership

B.censureship

C.sensorship

D.censorship

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。四個選項中只有選項D這個單詞是存在的,censorship“審查制度”。句意:很多受過良好教育的人認(rèn)為審查制度不會危及言論自由。選項D符合題意。

12.單選題

Psychologistshaveknownforalongtimethateconomistsarewrong.Mosteconomists—atleast,thoseoftheclassicalpersuasion—believethatanyfinancialgain,howeversmall,isworthhaving.Butpsychologistsknowthisisnottrue.Theyknowbecauseoftheultimatumgame,theoutcomeofwhichisoftentherejectionoffreemoney.

Inthisgame,oneplayerdividesapotofmoneybetweenhimselfandanother.Theotherthenchooseswhethertoaccepttheoffer.Ifherejectsit,neitherplayerbenefits.Anddespitetheinstinctsofclassicaleconomics,astingy(小氣的)offer(onethatislessthanaboutaquarterofthetotal)is,indeed,usuallyrejected.Thequestionis,why?

Oneexplanationoftherejectioniststrategyisthathumanpsychologyisadaptedforrepeatedinteractionsratherthanone-offtrades.Inthiscase,takingatough,ifself-sacrificial,lineatthebeginningpaysdividendsinfutureroundsofthegame.Rejectingastingyofferinaone-offgameisthusjustasinglemoveinalargerstrategy.Andindeed,whenone-offultimatumgamesareplayedbytrainedeconomists,whoknowallthis,theydotendtoacceptstingyoffersmoreoftenthanotherpeoplewould.Buteventheyhavetheirlimits.Tothrowsomelightonwhythoselimitsexist,TerenceBurnhamofHarvardUniversityrecentlygatheredagroupofstudentsofmicroeconomicsandaskedthemtoplaytheultimatumgame.Allofthestudentsherecruitedweremen.

Dr.Burnham’sresearchbudgetrantoabunchof$40games.Whentherearemanyroundsintheultimatumgame,playerslearntosplitthemoneymoreorlessequally.ButDr.Burnhamwasinterestedinagameofonlyoneround.Inthisgame,whichtheplayersknewinadvancewasfinalandcouldthusnotaffectfutureoutcomes,proposerscouldchooseonlybetweenofferingtheotherplayer$25(i.e.morethanhalfthetotal)or$5.Responderscouldacceptorrejecttheofferasusual.Thoseresultsrecorded,Dr.Burnhamtooksaliva(唾液)samplesfromallthestudentsandcomparedthetestosteronelevelsassessedfromthosesampleswithdecisionsmadeintheone-roundgame.

AshedescribesintheProceedingsoftheRoyalSociety,theresponderswhorejectedalowfinalofferhadanaveragetestosteronelevelmorethan50%higherthantheaverageofthosewhoaccepted.Fiveofthesevenmenwiththehighesttestosteronelevelsinthestudyrejecteda$5ultimateofferbutonlyoneofthe19othersmadethesamedecision.

WhatDr.Burnham’sresultsupportsisamuchdeeperrejectionofthetenetsofclassicaleconomicsthanonebasedonaslightmis-evolutionofnegotiatingskills.Itbackstheideathatwhatpeoplereallystriveforisrelativeratherthanabsoluteprosperity.Theywouldratheracceptlessthemselvesthanseearivalgetahead.Thatislikelytobeparticularlytrueinindividualswithhightestosteronelevels,sincethathormoneiscorrelatedwithsocialdominanceinmanyspecies.

Economistsoftenrefertothissortofbehaviorasirrational.Infact,itisnot.Itissimply,asitwere,differentlyrational.Thethingsthatmoneycanbuyaremerelymeanstoanend—socialstatus—thatbringsdesirablereproductiveopportunities.Ifanotherroutebringsthatstatusmoredirectly,moneyisirrelevant.

1.Accordingtothepassage,psychologistsaredifferentfromeconomistsinthat______.

2.Inthethirdparagraph,thesentence“Inthiscase,takingatough,ifself-sacrificial,lineatthebeginningpaysdividendsinfutureroundsofthegame.”meansthat______.

3.TheresultofDr.Burnham’sstudyintheone-roundgameplayersshowsthat______.

4.ThepointDr.Burnhamhasconcludedfromhisstudyisthat______.

5.WhichoneofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEofthebehaviorofrejectingalowoffermentionedinthepassage?

問題1選項

A.theythinkanyfinancialgainisworthlessifitcouldnotguaranteetheultimatumgame

B.theyunderstandhoweconomistsarewrongbyprovingtrivialfinancialgaincouldbeignored

C.theybelievethatitisnecessarytorejectsometrivialgainstogetbiggerones

D.theyhaveknownforalongtimethatfromtheperspectiveofpsychology,financialgainsarenotworthpursuing

問題2選項

A.takinganuncompromisingattitudeatthebeginningwilllosemoreinthefutureroundsofthegame

B.peoplewhoarenotsocalculatingatthebeginningwillgetgoodreturnsintheend

C.peoplewhoareselflesswillgetmoreintheend

D.takingatoughlineatthebeginningwillpaymorecostinthefuturegame

問題3選項

A.menwithhightestosteronelevelsareusuallymoremotivatedtorejectbythelowoffer

B.thefacttestosteroneiscloselyconnectedwithsocialdominanceprovespeoplecouldhardlyseearivalgoahead

C.menwithhightestosteronearemorelikelytorejectthetenetsofclassicaleconomics

D.menwithhightestosteronepaymoreattentiontotherelativegains

問題4選項

A.moneyisirrelevantwhenpeopleseekforreproductiveopportunities

B.peopleprefernon-financialwaystofulfilltheirpurposeofgainingsocialstatus

C.whatpeoplereallystriveforisrelativeratherthanabsoluteprosperity

D.thedefinitionofrationalityisdifferentbetweenthefieldsofeconomicsandpsychology

問題5選項

A.Thiskindofbehaviorisirrationalasmatteroffact.

B.Thiskindofbehaviorpaysmoreattentiontothesocialstatusratherthanmoney.

C.Thiskindofbehaviorcouldbringdesirablereproductiveopportunities.

D.Thiskindofbehaviorisrationalfromalongview.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段第二、三句Mosteconomists—atleast,thoseoftheclassicalpersuasion—believethatanyfinancialgain,howeversmall,isworthhaving.Butpsychologistsknowthisisnottrue.(大多數(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家——至少是那些持傳統(tǒng)觀點的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家——相信任何經(jīng)濟(jì)收益,無論多么小,都值得擁有。但心理學(xué)家知道這不是真的。),說明心理學(xué)家和經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家的分歧在于心理學(xué)家看到的是最終的結(jié)果,而經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家注重的是切實的利潤,心理學(xué)家認(rèn)為并不是所有的小利益都要去追求,可以舍小取大。因此C選項“他們認(rèn)為有必要拒絕一些小收益以獲得更大的收益”正確。A選項“他們認(rèn)為任何經(jīng)濟(jì)利潤如果不能保證最后獲勝就是沒有用的”,原文沒有說不能保證最后獲勝的經(jīng)濟(jì)利潤是沒用的,所以A錯誤。B選項“通過證明小的經(jīng)濟(jì)利潤可以被忽略,他們認(rèn)為經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家們是錯誤的”,小的經(jīng)濟(jì)利潤可以被忽略這一點沒有被證明,所以B錯誤。D選項“他們知道長久以來,從心理學(xué)的角度來看,經(jīng)濟(jì)利潤是不值得去追求的”,由原文可知,不值得追求的是小收益,而不是經(jīng)濟(jì)利潤,所以D錯誤。

2.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段第二、三句Inthiscase,takingatough,ifself-sacrificial,lineatthebeginningpaysdividendsinfutureroundsofthegame.Rejectingastingyofferinaone-offgameisthusjustasinglemoveinalargerstrategy.(在這種情況下,在一開始采取如果是自我犧牲的強(qiáng)硬的路線會在未來的游戲中獲得好處。因此,在一次性游戲中,拒絕吝嗇的報價只是大戰(zhàn)略中的一步棋。),說明如果拒絕吝嗇的出價會是更大策略中的一步,也就是說一開始不要貪得所有的大小利益,而是要有長遠(yuǎn)的眼光,這樣才能取得更大的收益。因此D選項“一開始就采取強(qiáng)硬態(tài)度的人在未來的游戲中會付出更多的代價”正確。A選項“從一開始就采取強(qiáng)硬的態(tài)度會在未來幾輪的游戲中失去得更多”,B選項“那些從一開始就不是很計較的人最后可以獲得好的收益”,C選項“無私的人最終會得到更多”在文中均沒有提及,所以A,B,C錯誤。

3.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第五段第一句AshedescribesintheProceedingsoftheRoyalSociety,theresponderswhorejectedalowfinalofferhadanaveragetestosteronelevelmorethan50%higherthantheaverageofthosewhoaccepted.(正如他在《英國皇家學(xué)會學(xué)報》上所描述的那樣,拒絕較低最終報價的應(yīng)答者的睪丸激素水平比接受報價的應(yīng)答者的平均水平高出50%以上。),說明睪丸激素水平較高的人更注重相對利潤而不是眼前的利益。因此D選項“睪丸激素水平高的人更關(guān)注相對收益”正確。A選項“睪丸激素高的人更加有拒絕低報酬的動機(jī)”,B選項“睪丸激素和社會優(yōu)勢有著密切的聯(lián)系,這一事實證明了人們很難看到對手領(lǐng)先”,C選項“有較高睪丸激素的人更趨向于拒絕傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟(jì)法則”在文中均沒有提及,所以A,B,C錯誤。

4.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第六段第一、二句WhatDr.Burnham’sresultsupportsisamuchdeeperrejectionofthetenetsofclassicaleconomicsthanonebasedonaslightmis-evolutionofnegotiatingskills.Itbackstheideathatwhatpeoplereallystriveforisrelativeratherthanabsoluteprosperity.(伯納姆博士的結(jié)果所支持的,是對古典經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)原理的更深程度的拒絕,而不是基于談判技巧的輕微錯誤進(jìn)化。它支持了人們真正追求的是相對繁榮而不是絕對繁榮的觀點。),說明伯納姆博士最終支持的結(jié)論是更深的對傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟(jì)原則的拒絕,人們真正追求的是相對的財富而不是絕對的財富。因此C選項“人們真正追求的是相對繁榮而不是絕對繁榮”正確。A選項“當(dāng)人們尋求再生機(jī)會時,金錢就是無關(guān)緊要的了”,B選項“人們更傾向于用非金錢的方式來實現(xiàn)他們?nèi)〉蒙鐣匚坏哪繕?biāo)”,原文說的是如果另外一條路可以更為直接地導(dǎo)致這種情形,金錢就是不相關(guān)的,所以A,B錯誤。D選項“經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和心理學(xué)對于理性的定義是不一樣的”,原文沒有明確指出理性的定義在兩個學(xué)科中是完全不同的,所以D錯誤。

5.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章最后一段Economistsoftenrefertothissortofbehaviorasirrational.Infact,itisnot.Itissimply,asitwere,differentlyrational.Thethingsthatmoneycanbuyaremerelymeanstoanend—socialstatus—thatbringsdesirablereproductiveopportunities.Ifanotherroutebringsthatstatusmoredirectly,moneyisirrelevant.(經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家經(jīng)常認(rèn)為這種行動是不理智的。實際上這是理智的,只是不同的理智而已。金錢可以買到的只是達(dá)到某個目的的方法而已,如社會地位,達(dá)到目的便給人們帶來他們想要的不斷再生的機(jī)會。如果有另外一條路可以更為直接地達(dá)到目的,金錢就是不相關(guān)的。),說明經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家認(rèn)為這種行為是不理智的,而實際上是一種理智的行為,心理學(xué)家從更高更深的層面來看,金錢只是達(dá)到目的的一種手段,而為了達(dá)到一定的目的拒絕眼前小的利益是理智的行為。因此D選項“從長遠(yuǎn)來看,這種行為是理性的”正確。A選項“這種行為在事實上是不理性的”,B選項“這種行為更注重社會地位而不是金錢”,C選項“這種行為可以帶來期望的再產(chǎn)出機(jī)會”均不符合題意,所以A,B,C錯誤。

13.單選題

Thesolutionworksonlyforcoupleswhoareself-employed,don’thavesmallchildrenandgetalong________tospendmostoftheirtimetogether.

問題1選項

A.sowell

B.toowell

C.wellas

D.wellenough

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意:這個解決方案只對那些自由工作者,沒有小孩且在一起的時候大部分時間都相處得()的夫妻來說有用。結(jié)合選項這里詞意要填“很好”,所以不能選B選項,因為too…to是“太……而不能”;C,D選項則會把因果倒置“因為相處得好所以大部分時間待在一起”。so…to“太……而”這個搭配與too…to的意思相對,答案選A。

14.單選題

Thesedays,Jennyhasconsumedalotandhasawhole

ofbillswaitingtobepaid.

問題1選項

A.stack

B.pile

C.number

D.sequence

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。astackofbills“一堆賬單”。句意:這些天,珍妮買了很多東西,有大堆賬單等著支付。選項A符合題意。

15.單選題

()whathasbeensaid,itisunlikethatpopulationgrowthwillbehalted,eitherinthedevelopedorintheundevelopedworld.

問題1選項

A.Inviewof

B.Onbehalfof

C.Forthesakeof

D.Withtheexceptionof

【答案】A

【解析】介詞詞組解析。inviewof“鑒于,考慮到”;onbehalfof“代表,為了”;forthesakeof“由

于,因為”;withtheexceptionof“除了……以外”。句意:考慮到他所說的,無論是在發(fā)達(dá)國家還是在發(fā)展中國家,人口增長似乎不會停止。選項A符合題意。

16.單選題

IntheUnitedStates,thefirstdaynurserywasopenedin1854.Nurserieswereestablishedinvariousareasduringthe(1)halfofthe19thcentury;mostof(2)werecharitable.BothinEuropeandintheU.S.,theday-nurserymovementreceivedgreat(3)duringtheFirstWorldWar,when(4)ofmanpowercausedtheindustrialemploymentofunprecedentednumbersofwomen.InsomeEuropeancountries,nurserieswereestablished(5)inmunitionsplants,underdirectgovernmentsponsorship.(6)thenumberofnurseriesintheU.S.alsorose(7),thisrisewasaccomplishedwithoutgovernmentaidofanykind.DuringtheyearsfollowingtheFirstWorldWar,(8),FederalStateandlocalgovernmentsgraduallybegantoexerciseameasureofcontrol(9)thedaynurseries,chieflyby(10)themandbyinspectingandregulatingtheconditionswithinthenurseries.

問題1選項

A.latter

B.other

C.late

D.first

問題2選項

A.those

B.them

C.

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