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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-安徽國際商務(wù)職業(yè)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹(jǐn)慎購買!第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題
Shegavehimbackthemoneyshe’dstolenforthesakeofher___
問題1選項
A.conscientious
B.consciousness
C.conscious
D.conscience
【答案】D
【解析】考查形近詞辨析。A選項conscientious“認(rèn)真的;盡責(zé)的;本著良心的;小心謹(jǐn)慎的”;B選項consciousness“意識;知覺;覺悟;感覺”;C選項conscious“意識到的;故意的;神志清醒的”;D選項conscience“道德心,良心”。句意:為了她的___,她把偷來的錢還給了他。本句表達(dá)“為了她的良心(為了問心無愧)”。因此D選項正確。
2.單選題
Hisconstantattemptsto(
)hiscolleagues'achievementeventuallycausedhisdismissal.
問題1選項
A.withdraw
B.diminish
C.restrain
D.confine
【答案】B
【解析】考察動詞詞義辨析。withdraw“收回,取回”;diminish“減少,減損”;restrain“遏制,管制”;confine“限制”。句意:他不斷嘗試貶低他同事的成就,最終導(dǎo)致他被解雇了。選項B符合題意。
3.單選題
TomLandryisoneofthemostsuccessfulfootballcoachesinNationalFootballLeaguehistoryandhewasknownforhis(
)mannerandfiercecompetitiveness.
問題1選項
A.unruffled
B.brutal
C.suspicious
D.tender
【答案】A
【解析】考查形容詞辨析。Unruffled意為“平靜的,鎮(zhèn)定的,沉著的”;brutal意為“野蠻的”;suspicious意為“可疑的,不信任的”;tender意為“和善的,溫柔的”。
句意:湯姆?蘭德里是國際足球聯(lián)盟歷史上最成功的足球教練之一,他以沉著冷靜和激烈競爭而聞名。
4.翻譯題
過去十年間,中國手機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的發(fā)展可謂有目共睹,幾乎每年都會新增約八千萬用戶,但據(jù)英國廣播公司報道,在某種程度上,真正的通訊革命才剛剛開始。
今年,中國將取代美國成為世界最大的智能手機(jī)市場。對很多中國人來說,智能手機(jī)使他們第一次擁有了通向互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的私人路徑。這對于信息技術(shù)開發(fā)商、尤其是移動手機(jī)應(yīng)用程序開發(fā)商來說是非比尋常的機(jī)遇。
那么,應(yīng)用程序開發(fā)商是怎么在中國賺到錢的呢?一種方法就是嘗試“應(yīng)用內(nèi)銷售”一一他們推出免費的應(yīng)用程序,一旦用戶被吸引,再以較低的價格賣給他們體驗增強(qiáng)版。雖然中國的用戶只愿意出幾分錢來購買升級服務(wù),但只要想想用戶多達(dá)數(shù)百萬,加在一起很快就是一大筆錢。不過,對于非游戲類應(yīng)用程序開發(fā)商來說,要發(fā)展就得依靠廣告收益。
【答案】ThemobilenetworkgrowthinChinahasbeenremarkable,withsome80millionnewusersjoiningeveryyearforthepastdecade.Buttosomeextent,therealcommunicationsrevolutionhasonlyjustbegun,BBCreported.
Thisyear,ChinawillovertakeAmericaastheworld'sbiggestSmartphonemarket.FormanyChinese,theSmartphoneoffersthemtheirfirstpersonalaccesstoInternet.Thisisanextraordinaryopportunityforinformationtechnologydevelopers,especiallymobileappdevelopers.
SohowthendoesanappdevelopermakemoneyinChina?Onewayistotryin-appsales—theyofferfreeappsandonceusersarehooked,theywillsellthemanenhancedversionoftheexperienceatalowerprice.AlthoughusersinChinamaybeonlywillingtopayafewcentsfortheenhancedservice,whenyou'retalkingmillionsofusers,thatcansoonadduptoalotofmoney.But,fornon-gameappdevelopers,theremustbeadvertisingrevenuetomoveforward.
5.單選題
Whatyousaynowisnot()withwhatyousaidlastweek.
問題1選項
A.consistent
B.persistent
C.permanent
D.insistent
【答案】A
【解析】consistent一致的;persistent固執(zhí)的;permanent永久的,不變的;insistent堅持的。句意:你現(xiàn)在所說的與你上星期所說的不一致。選項A符合句意。
6.單選題
TheUnitedStatesandRussiahavereachedanagreementthatcallsforSyria’s()ofchemicalweaponstoberemovedordestroyedbythemiddleof2014,SecretaryofStateJohnKerrysaidonSaturday.
問題1選項
A.artillery
B.armor
C.arsenal
D.army
【答案】C
【解析】名詞詞義辨析。artillery“炮,炮兵部隊”;armor“裝甲,盔甲”;arsenal“兵工廠,軍械庫”;army“軍隊”。句意:美俄兩國已經(jīng)達(dá)成協(xié)議,要求敘利亞化學(xué)武器的軍械庫于2014年年中移除或者銷毀。選項C符合題意。
7.單選題
Recentlythecarfactoryhadtocarryoutpersonnel()becauseoffinancialtrouble.
問題1選項
A.cuts
B.demands
C.reductions
D.orders
【答案】C
【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項cuts“切口,份額”;B選項demands“需求”;C選項reductions“減少,縮小”;D選項orders“順序”。句意:最近,由于財政困難,汽車廠不得不進(jìn)行人事_____。根據(jù)前句說“財政困難”,可以推測應(yīng)該是要進(jìn)行人事減少,因此C選項符合題意。
8.單選題
Thefoxreallyexasperatedthemboth.Assoonastheyhadletthefowlsout,intheearlysummermornings,theyhadtotaketheirgunsandkeepguard;andthenagainassoonaseveningbegantomellow,theymustgooncemore.Andhewassosly.Heslidalonginthedeepgrass;hewasdifficultasaserpenttosee.Andheseemedtocircumventthegirlsdeliberately.OnceortwiceMarchhadcaughtsightofthewhitetipofhisbrush,ortheruddyshadowofhiminthedeepgrass,andshehadletfireathim.Buthemadenoaccountofthis.
Thetreesonthewoodedgewereadarkish,brownishgreeninthefulllight—foritwastheendofAugust.Beyond,thenaked,copper-likeshaftsandlimbsofthepinetreesshoneintheair.Nearertheroughgrass,withitslong,brownishstalksallagleam,wasfulloflight.Thefowlswereroundabout—theduckswerestillswimmingonthepondunderthepinetrees.Marchlookedatitall,sawitall,anddidnotseeit.SheheardBanfordspeakingtothefowlsinthedistance—andshedidnothear.Whatwasshethinkingabout?Heavenknows.Herconsciousnesswas,asitwere,heldback.
Sheloweredhereyes,andsuddenlysawthefox.Hewaslookingupather.Hischinwaspresseddown,andhiseyeswerelookingup.Theymethereyes.Andheknewher.Shewasspellbound—sheknewheknewher.Sohelookedintohereyes,andhersoulfailedher.Heknewher,hehasnotdaunted.
Shestruggled,confusedlyshecametoherself,andsawhimmakingoff,withslowleapsoversomefallenboughs,slow,impudentjumps.Thenheglancedoverhisshoulder,andransmoothlyaway.Shesawhisbrushheldsmoothlikeafeather,shesawhiswhitebuttockstwinkle.Andhewasgone,softly,softasthewind.
Sheputherguntohershoulder,buteventhenpursedhermouth,knowingitwasnonsensetopretendtofire.Soshebegantowalkslowlyafterhim,inthedirectionhehadgone,slowly,pertinaciously.Sheexpectedtofindhim.Inherheartshewasdeterminedtofindhim.Whatshewoulddowhenshesawhimagainshedidnotconsider.Butshewasdeterminedtofindhim.Soshewalkedabstractedlyaboutontheedgeofthewood,withwide,vividdarkeyes,andafaintflushinhercheeks.Shedidnotthink.Instrangemindlessnessshewalkedhitherandthither...Assoonassupperwasover,sheroseagaintogoout,withoutsayingwhy.Shetookhergunagainandwenttolookforthefox.Forhehadliftedhiseyesuponher,andhisknowinglookseemedtohaveenteredherbrain.Shedidnotsomuchthinkofhim:shewaspossessedbyhim.Shesawhisdark,shrewd,unabashedeyelookingintoher,knowingher.Shefelthiminvisiblymasterherspirit.Sheknewthewayheloweredhischinashelookedup,sheknewhismuzzle,thegoldenbrown,andthegreyishwhite.Andagainshesawhimglanceoverhisshoulderather,halfinviting,halfcontemptuousandcunning.Soshewent,withhergreatstartledeyesglowing,hergununderherarm,alongthewoodedge.Meanwhilethenightfell,andagreatmoonroseabovethepinetrees.
1.Atthebeginningofthestory,thefoxseemstobeallEXCEPT(
).
2.Asthestoryproceeds.Marchbeginstofeelunderthespellof
(
).
3.GraduallyMarchseemstobeinastateof
(
).
4.Attheendofthestory,thereseemstobeasenseof
(
)
betweenMarchandthefox.
5.Thepassagecreatesanoverallimpressionof(
).
問題1選項
A.cunning
B.fierce
C.defiant
D.annoying
問題2選項
A.thelight
B.thetrees
C.thenight
D.thefox
問題3選項
A.blankness
B.imagination
C.sadness
D.excitement
問題4選項
A.detachment
B.anger
C.intimacy
D.conflict
問題5選項
A.mystery
B.horror
C.liveliness
D.contempt.
【答案】第1題:B
第2題:D
第3題:A
第4題:C
第5題:A
【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Thefoxreallyexasperatedthemboth.狐貍真的把他們都激怒了”可知選項D“惱人的”正確;根據(jù)第一段第三句“Andhewassosly.并且他是如此的狡猾?!笨芍x項A“狡猾的”正確;根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Buthemadenoaccountofthis.但是他卻不把(March向他開槍)這件事放在心上?!币簿褪钦f,狐貍這里是在挑釁March,所以選項C“挑釁的”也正確。只有選項B在文中沒有提及,所以本題選B。
2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第三段最后兩句“Andheknewher.Shewasspellbound—sheknewheknewher.Sohelookedintohereyes,andhersoulfailedher.Heknewher,hehasnotdaunted.他(狐貍)認(rèn)識她。她被迷住了——她知道他認(rèn)識她。所以他看著她的眼睛,她的靈魂辜負(fù)了她。他認(rèn)識她,并不畏懼?!庇纱丝芍琈arch是被狐貍迷住了。所以選項D正確。
3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文第五段最后三句“Soshewalkedabstractedlyaboutontheedgeofthewood,withwide,vividdarkeyes,andafaintflushinhercheeks.Shedidnotthink.Instrangemindlessnessshewalkedhitherandthither.于是她心不在焉地在樹林邊上走來走去,一雙明亮的黑眼睛睜得大大的,兩頰微微泛起紅暈。她什么都沒有想。她莫名其妙地走來走去?!庇纱丝芍?,March似乎進(jìn)入了一種放空的狀態(tài),選項A正確。
4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容“Shedidnotsomuchthinkofhim:shewaspossessedbyhim....Shefelthiminvisiblymasterherspirit.Sheknewthewayheloweredhischinashelookedup,sheknewhismuzzle,thegoldenbrown,andthegreyishwhite.她并不怎么想他,而是被他迷住了。她感到他無形地控制了她的靈魂。她知道他抬起頭來時下巴是怎樣垂下來的,她知道他的口鼻是怎樣的,金褐色的,灰白色的?!庇纱丝赏茢?,在故事的結(jié)尾,March和狐貍之間似乎有親昵的感覺,選項C正確。
5.判斷推理題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知,文章主要講的是March和狐貍之間的故事。根據(jù)原文中的描述可知,全文整體營造的是一種神秘的氛圍,所以選項A正確。
9.單選題
TomandAlice()havinganewcartoreplacetheiroldoneforyears.
問題1選項
A.hasbeendreamingof
B.havebeendreamingof
C.hasdreamed
D.willhavedreamed
【答案】B
【解析】根據(jù)句意可知謂語應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù),首先排除選項A和C,再根據(jù)“foryears”可知,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時,所以選項B正確。
10.單選題
Youstareatwaterfallforaminuteortwo,andthenshiftyourgazetoitssurroundings.Whatyounowseeappearstodriftupward.Theseopticalillusionsoccurbecausethebrainisconstantlymatchingitsmodelofrealitytosignalsfromthebody’ssensorsandinterpretingwhatmustbehappening―thatyourbrainmusthavemoved,nottheother;thatdownwardmotionsisnownormal,soachangefromitmustnowbeperceivedasupwardmotion.
Thesensorsthatmakethismagicareoftwokinds.Eacheyecontainsabout120millionrods,whichprovidesomewhatblurryblackandwhitevision.Thesearethewindowsofnightvision;onceadaptedtothedark,theycandetectacandleburningtenmilesaway.
Colorvisionineacheyecomesfromsixtosevenmillionstructurescalledcones.Underidealconditions,everyconecan“see”theentirerainbowspectrumofvisiblecolors,butonetypeofconeismostsensitivetored,anothertogreen,athirdtoblue.
Rodsandconessendtheirmessagespulsinganaverage20to25times,persecondalongtheopticnerve.Weseeanimageforafractionofasecondlongerthanitactuallyappears.Inmovies,reelsofstillphotographsareprojectedontoscreensat24framespersecond,trickingoureyesintoseeingacontinuousmovingpicture.
Likeapparentmotion,colorvisionisalsosubjecttounusualeffects.Whendaygiveswaytonight,twilightbringswhatthepoetT.S.Eliotcalled“theviolethour”Alightlevelsfall,therodsbecomeprogressivelylessresponsive.Rodsaremostsensitivetotheshorterwavelengthsofblueandgreen,andtheyimpartastrangevividnesstothegarden'sblueflowers.
However,lookatawhiteshirtduringthereddishlightofsunset,andyou’llstillseeitinits“true”color―white,notred.Oureyesareconstantlycomparinganobjectagainstitssurroundings.Theythereforeobservetheeffectofashiftinthecolorofilluminatingonboth,andadjustaccordingly.
Theeyescandistinguishseveralmilliongraduationsoflightandshadeofcolor.Eachwakingsecondtheyflashtensofmillionsofpiecesofinformationtothebrain,whichweavesthemincessantlyintoapictureoftheworldaroundus.
Yetallthisisdoneatthebackofeacheyebyafabricofsensors,calledtheretina,aboutaswideandasthickasapostagestamp.AstheRenaissanceinventorandartistLeonardodaVinciwroteinwonder,“Whowouldbelievethatsosmallaspacecouldcontaintheimagesofalltheuniverse?”
1.Visualillusionsoftentakeplacewhentheimageofrealityis(
).
2.Thevisualsensorthatiscapableofdistinguishingshadesofcoloriscalled
(
).
3.Theretinasendpulsestothebrain
(
).
4.Twenty-fourstillphotographsaremadeintoacontinuousmovingpicturejustbecause
(
).
5.Theauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassageliesin(
).
問題1選項
A.matchedtosixtosevenmillionstructurescalledcones
B.confusedinthebody’ssensorsofbothrodsandcones
C.interpretedinthebrainaswhatmustbethecase
D.signaledbyabout120millionrodsintheeye
問題2選項
A.cones
B.colorvision
C.rods
D.spectrum
問題3選項
A.inshortwavelengths
B.ascolorpictures
C.byaganglioncell
D.alongtheopticnerve
問題4選項
A.theimageweseeusuallystayslongerthanitactuallyappears
B.weseeanobjectincomparisonwithitssurroundings
C.theeyescatchmillionpiecesofinformationcontinuously
D.rodsandconessendmessages20to25timesasecond
問題5選項
A.showingthatwesometimesaredeceivedbyourowneyes
B.informingusaboutthedifferentfunctionsoftheeyeorgans
C.regrettingthatwearetooslowinthestudyofeyes
D.marvelingatthegreatworkdonebytheretina
【答案】第1題:C
第2題:A
第3題:D
第4題:A
第5題:B
【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由文章第一段中的Theseopticalillusionsoccurbecausethebrainisconstantlymatchingitsmodelofrealitytosignalsfromthebody’ssensorsandinterpretingwhatmustbehappening(這些視覺錯覺之所以出現(xiàn),是因為大腦不斷地將身體的信號與現(xiàn)實情況相匹配,并解釋即將發(fā)生的事情)可知C選項“在大腦中解釋即將發(fā)生的事情”符合題意。
2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由文章第三段中的Underidealconditions,everyconecan“see”theentirerainbowspectrumofvisiblecolors(在理想條件下,每個視錐都能“看到”整個彩虹光譜的可見色)可知選A。
3.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由文章第四段中的Rodsandconessendtheirmessagespulsinganaverage20to25times,persecondalongtheopticnerve.(視桿和視錐沿著視覺神經(jīng)以平均20到25次的脈沖傳遞信息)可知D選項“沿視覺神經(jīng)”符合題意。
4.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由文章第四段中的Weseeanimageforafractionofasecondlongerthanitactuallyappears.Inmovies,reelsofstillphotographsareprojectedontoscreensat24framespersecond,trickingoureyesintoseeingacontinuousmovingpicture.(我們看到一個圖像的時間比它實際出現(xiàn)的時間要長一秒。在電影中,靜止的圖像以每秒24幀的速度投射到屏幕上,使我們的眼睛誤以為看到的是一幅連續(xù)不斷運動的畫面)可知A選項“我們看到的圖像通常比實際顯示的要長”符合題意。
5.主旨大意題。文章主要介紹了視網(wǎng)膜中的視桿和視錐細(xì)胞,視桿細(xì)胞主要負(fù)責(zé)夜視,視錐細(xì)胞主要負(fù)責(zé)顏色,因此B選項“告訴我們眼睛器官的不同功能”符合題意。
11.單選題
Manywell-educatedpeopledon’tbelievethat(
)willendangerfreedomofspeech.
問題1選項
A.censership
B.censureship
C.sensorship
D.censorship
【答案】D
【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。四個選項中只有選項D這個單詞是存在的,censorship“審查制度”。句意:很多受過良好教育的人認(rèn)為審查制度不會危及言論自由。選項D符合題意。
12.單選題
Psychologistshaveknownforalongtimethateconomistsarewrong.Mosteconomists—atleast,thoseoftheclassicalpersuasion—believethatanyfinancialgain,howeversmall,isworthhaving.Butpsychologistsknowthisisnottrue.Theyknowbecauseoftheultimatumgame,theoutcomeofwhichisoftentherejectionoffreemoney.
Inthisgame,oneplayerdividesapotofmoneybetweenhimselfandanother.Theotherthenchooseswhethertoaccepttheoffer.Ifherejectsit,neitherplayerbenefits.Anddespitetheinstinctsofclassicaleconomics,astingy(小氣的)offer(onethatislessthanaboutaquarterofthetotal)is,indeed,usuallyrejected.Thequestionis,why?
Oneexplanationoftherejectioniststrategyisthathumanpsychologyisadaptedforrepeatedinteractionsratherthanone-offtrades.Inthiscase,takingatough,ifself-sacrificial,lineatthebeginningpaysdividendsinfutureroundsofthegame.Rejectingastingyofferinaone-offgameisthusjustasinglemoveinalargerstrategy.Andindeed,whenone-offultimatumgamesareplayedbytrainedeconomists,whoknowallthis,theydotendtoacceptstingyoffersmoreoftenthanotherpeoplewould.Buteventheyhavetheirlimits.Tothrowsomelightonwhythoselimitsexist,TerenceBurnhamofHarvardUniversityrecentlygatheredagroupofstudentsofmicroeconomicsandaskedthemtoplaytheultimatumgame.Allofthestudentsherecruitedweremen.
Dr.Burnham’sresearchbudgetrantoabunchof$40games.Whentherearemanyroundsintheultimatumgame,playerslearntosplitthemoneymoreorlessequally.ButDr.Burnhamwasinterestedinagameofonlyoneround.Inthisgame,whichtheplayersknewinadvancewasfinalandcouldthusnotaffectfutureoutcomes,proposerscouldchooseonlybetweenofferingtheotherplayer$25(i.e.morethanhalfthetotal)or$5.Responderscouldacceptorrejecttheofferasusual.Thoseresultsrecorded,Dr.Burnhamtooksaliva(唾液)samplesfromallthestudentsandcomparedthetestosteronelevelsassessedfromthosesampleswithdecisionsmadeintheone-roundgame.
AshedescribesintheProceedingsoftheRoyalSociety,theresponderswhorejectedalowfinalofferhadanaveragetestosteronelevelmorethan50%higherthantheaverageofthosewhoaccepted.Fiveofthesevenmenwiththehighesttestosteronelevelsinthestudyrejecteda$5ultimateofferbutonlyoneofthe19othersmadethesamedecision.
WhatDr.Burnham’sresultsupportsisamuchdeeperrejectionofthetenetsofclassicaleconomicsthanonebasedonaslightmis-evolutionofnegotiatingskills.Itbackstheideathatwhatpeoplereallystriveforisrelativeratherthanabsoluteprosperity.Theywouldratheracceptlessthemselvesthanseearivalgetahead.Thatislikelytobeparticularlytrueinindividualswithhightestosteronelevels,sincethathormoneiscorrelatedwithsocialdominanceinmanyspecies.
Economistsoftenrefertothissortofbehaviorasirrational.Infact,itisnot.Itissimply,asitwere,differentlyrational.Thethingsthatmoneycanbuyaremerelymeanstoanend—socialstatus—thatbringsdesirablereproductiveopportunities.Ifanotherroutebringsthatstatusmoredirectly,moneyisirrelevant.
1.Accordingtothepassage,psychologistsaredifferentfromeconomistsinthat______.
2.Inthethirdparagraph,thesentence“Inthiscase,takingatough,ifself-sacrificial,lineatthebeginningpaysdividendsinfutureroundsofthegame.”meansthat______.
3.TheresultofDr.Burnham’sstudyintheone-roundgameplayersshowsthat______.
4.ThepointDr.Burnhamhasconcludedfromhisstudyisthat______.
5.WhichoneofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEofthebehaviorofrejectingalowoffermentionedinthepassage?
問題1選項
A.theythinkanyfinancialgainisworthlessifitcouldnotguaranteetheultimatumgame
B.theyunderstandhoweconomistsarewrongbyprovingtrivialfinancialgaincouldbeignored
C.theybelievethatitisnecessarytorejectsometrivialgainstogetbiggerones
D.theyhaveknownforalongtimethatfromtheperspectiveofpsychology,financialgainsarenotworthpursuing
問題2選項
A.takinganuncompromisingattitudeatthebeginningwilllosemoreinthefutureroundsofthegame
B.peoplewhoarenotsocalculatingatthebeginningwillgetgoodreturnsintheend
C.peoplewhoareselflesswillgetmoreintheend
D.takingatoughlineatthebeginningwillpaymorecostinthefuturegame
問題3選項
A.menwithhightestosteronelevelsareusuallymoremotivatedtorejectbythelowoffer
B.thefacttestosteroneiscloselyconnectedwithsocialdominanceprovespeoplecouldhardlyseearivalgoahead
C.menwithhightestosteronearemorelikelytorejectthetenetsofclassicaleconomics
D.menwithhightestosteronepaymoreattentiontotherelativegains
問題4選項
A.moneyisirrelevantwhenpeopleseekforreproductiveopportunities
B.peopleprefernon-financialwaystofulfilltheirpurposeofgainingsocialstatus
C.whatpeoplereallystriveforisrelativeratherthanabsoluteprosperity
D.thedefinitionofrationalityisdifferentbetweenthefieldsofeconomicsandpsychology
問題5選項
A.Thiskindofbehaviorisirrationalasmatteroffact.
B.Thiskindofbehaviorpaysmoreattentiontothesocialstatusratherthanmoney.
C.Thiskindofbehaviorcouldbringdesirablereproductiveopportunities.
D.Thiskindofbehaviorisrationalfromalongview.
【答案】第1題:C
第2題:D
第3題:D
第4題:C
第5題:D
【解析】1.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段第二、三句Mosteconomists—atleast,thoseoftheclassicalpersuasion—believethatanyfinancialgain,howeversmall,isworthhaving.Butpsychologistsknowthisisnottrue.(大多數(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家——至少是那些持傳統(tǒng)觀點的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家——相信任何經(jīng)濟(jì)收益,無論多么小,都值得擁有。但心理學(xué)家知道這不是真的。),說明心理學(xué)家和經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家的分歧在于心理學(xué)家看到的是最終的結(jié)果,而經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家注重的是切實的利潤,心理學(xué)家認(rèn)為并不是所有的小利益都要去追求,可以舍小取大。因此C選項“他們認(rèn)為有必要拒絕一些小收益以獲得更大的收益”正確。A選項“他們認(rèn)為任何經(jīng)濟(jì)利潤如果不能保證最后獲勝就是沒有用的”,原文沒有說不能保證最后獲勝的經(jīng)濟(jì)利潤是沒用的,所以A錯誤。B選項“通過證明小的經(jīng)濟(jì)利潤可以被忽略,他們認(rèn)為經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家們是錯誤的”,小的經(jīng)濟(jì)利潤可以被忽略這一點沒有被證明,所以B錯誤。D選項“他們知道長久以來,從心理學(xué)的角度來看,經(jīng)濟(jì)利潤是不值得去追求的”,由原文可知,不值得追求的是小收益,而不是經(jīng)濟(jì)利潤,所以D錯誤。
2.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段第二、三句Inthiscase,takingatough,ifself-sacrificial,lineatthebeginningpaysdividendsinfutureroundsofthegame.Rejectingastingyofferinaone-offgameisthusjustasinglemoveinalargerstrategy.(在這種情況下,在一開始采取如果是自我犧牲的強(qiáng)硬的路線會在未來的游戲中獲得好處。因此,在一次性游戲中,拒絕吝嗇的報價只是大戰(zhàn)略中的一步棋。),說明如果拒絕吝嗇的出價會是更大策略中的一步,也就是說一開始不要貪得所有的大小利益,而是要有長遠(yuǎn)的眼光,這樣才能取得更大的收益。因此D選項“一開始就采取強(qiáng)硬態(tài)度的人在未來的游戲中會付出更多的代價”正確。A選項“從一開始就采取強(qiáng)硬的態(tài)度會在未來幾輪的游戲中失去得更多”,B選項“那些從一開始就不是很計較的人最后可以獲得好的收益”,C選項“無私的人最終會得到更多”在文中均沒有提及,所以A,B,C錯誤。
3.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第五段第一句AshedescribesintheProceedingsoftheRoyalSociety,theresponderswhorejectedalowfinalofferhadanaveragetestosteronelevelmorethan50%higherthantheaverageofthosewhoaccepted.(正如他在《英國皇家學(xué)會學(xué)報》上所描述的那樣,拒絕較低最終報價的應(yīng)答者的睪丸激素水平比接受報價的應(yīng)答者的平均水平高出50%以上。),說明睪丸激素水平較高的人更注重相對利潤而不是眼前的利益。因此D選項“睪丸激素水平高的人更關(guān)注相對收益”正確。A選項“睪丸激素高的人更加有拒絕低報酬的動機(jī)”,B選項“睪丸激素和社會優(yōu)勢有著密切的聯(lián)系,這一事實證明了人們很難看到對手領(lǐng)先”,C選項“有較高睪丸激素的人更趨向于拒絕傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟(jì)法則”在文中均沒有提及,所以A,B,C錯誤。
4.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第六段第一、二句WhatDr.Burnham’sresultsupportsisamuchdeeperrejectionofthetenetsofclassicaleconomicsthanonebasedonaslightmis-evolutionofnegotiatingskills.Itbackstheideathatwhatpeoplereallystriveforisrelativeratherthanabsoluteprosperity.(伯納姆博士的結(jié)果所支持的,是對古典經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)原理的更深程度的拒絕,而不是基于談判技巧的輕微錯誤進(jìn)化。它支持了人們真正追求的是相對繁榮而不是絕對繁榮的觀點。),說明伯納姆博士最終支持的結(jié)論是更深的對傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟(jì)原則的拒絕,人們真正追求的是相對的財富而不是絕對的財富。因此C選項“人們真正追求的是相對繁榮而不是絕對繁榮”正確。A選項“當(dāng)人們尋求再生機(jī)會時,金錢就是無關(guān)緊要的了”,B選項“人們更傾向于用非金錢的方式來實現(xiàn)他們?nèi)〉蒙鐣匚坏哪繕?biāo)”,原文說的是如果另外一條路可以更為直接地導(dǎo)致這種情形,金錢就是不相關(guān)的,所以A,B錯誤。D選項“經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和心理學(xué)對于理性的定義是不一樣的”,原文沒有明確指出理性的定義在兩個學(xué)科中是完全不同的,所以D錯誤。
5.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章最后一段Economistsoftenrefertothissortofbehaviorasirrational.Infact,itisnot.Itissimply,asitwere,differentlyrational.Thethingsthatmoneycanbuyaremerelymeanstoanend—socialstatus—thatbringsdesirablereproductiveopportunities.Ifanotherroutebringsthatstatusmoredirectly,moneyisirrelevant.(經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家經(jīng)常認(rèn)為這種行動是不理智的。實際上這是理智的,只是不同的理智而已。金錢可以買到的只是達(dá)到某個目的的方法而已,如社會地位,達(dá)到目的便給人們帶來他們想要的不斷再生的機(jī)會。如果有另外一條路可以更為直接地達(dá)到目的,金錢就是不相關(guān)的。),說明經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家認(rèn)為這種行為是不理智的,而實際上是一種理智的行為,心理學(xué)家從更高更深的層面來看,金錢只是達(dá)到目的的一種手段,而為了達(dá)到一定的目的拒絕眼前小的利益是理智的行為。因此D選項“從長遠(yuǎn)來看,這種行為是理性的”正確。A選項“這種行為在事實上是不理性的”,B選項“這種行為更注重社會地位而不是金錢”,C選項“這種行為可以帶來期望的再產(chǎn)出機(jī)會”均不符合題意,所以A,B,C錯誤。
13.單選題
Thesolutionworksonlyforcoupleswhoareself-employed,don’thavesmallchildrenandgetalong________tospendmostoftheirtimetogether.
問題1選項
A.sowell
B.toowell
C.wellas
D.wellenough
【答案】A
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意:這個解決方案只對那些自由工作者,沒有小孩且在一起的時候大部分時間都相處得()的夫妻來說有用。結(jié)合選項這里詞意要填“很好”,所以不能選B選項,因為too…to是“太……而不能”;C,D選項則會把因果倒置“因為相處得好所以大部分時間待在一起”。so…to“太……而”這個搭配與too…to的意思相對,答案選A。
14.單選題
Thesedays,Jennyhasconsumedalotandhasawhole
ofbillswaitingtobepaid.
問題1選項
A.stack
B.pile
C.number
D.sequence
【答案】A
【解析】考查固定搭配。astackofbills“一堆賬單”。句意:這些天,珍妮買了很多東西,有大堆賬單等著支付。選項A符合題意。
15.單選題
()whathasbeensaid,itisunlikethatpopulationgrowthwillbehalted,eitherinthedevelopedorintheundevelopedworld.
問題1選項
A.Inviewof
B.Onbehalfof
C.Forthesakeof
D.Withtheexceptionof
【答案】A
【解析】介詞詞組解析。inviewof“鑒于,考慮到”;onbehalfof“代表,為了”;forthesakeof“由
于,因為”;withtheexceptionof“除了……以外”。句意:考慮到他所說的,無論是在發(fā)達(dá)國家還是在發(fā)展中國家,人口增長似乎不會停止。選項A符合題意。
16.單選題
IntheUnitedStates,thefirstdaynurserywasopenedin1854.Nurserieswereestablishedinvariousareasduringthe(1)halfofthe19thcentury;mostof(2)werecharitable.BothinEuropeandintheU.S.,theday-nurserymovementreceivedgreat(3)duringtheFirstWorldWar,when(4)ofmanpowercausedtheindustrialemploymentofunprecedentednumbersofwomen.InsomeEuropeancountries,nurserieswereestablished(5)inmunitionsplants,underdirectgovernmentsponsorship.(6)thenumberofnurseriesintheU.S.alsorose(7),thisrisewasaccomplishedwithoutgovernmentaidofanykind.DuringtheyearsfollowingtheFirstWorldWar,(8),FederalStateandlocalgovernmentsgraduallybegantoexerciseameasureofcontrol(9)thedaynurseries,chieflyby(10)themandbyinspectingandregulatingtheconditionswithinthenurseries.
問題1選項
A.latter
B.other
C.late
D.first
問題2選項
A.those
B.them
C.
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