考研考博-英語(yǔ)-四川國(guó)際標(biāo)榜職業(yè)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-四川國(guó)際標(biāo)榜職業(yè)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Speakersandlistenersareoftenatodds:languagethatiseasyforthereceivertounderstandisoftendifficulttoproduce,andthatwhichiseasilyformulatedcanbehardto（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.comprehend

B.ignore

C.confirm

D.defend

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。comprehend理解，包含；ignore忽視，不理睬confirm確認(rèn)，確定；defend辯護(hù)。由前半句可知說(shuō)話者與接受者之間存在矛盾，故后面可推知這兩者之間還存在另一種矛盾，即容易表達(dá)的話卻難以理解。故A項(xiàng)正確。句意：說(shuō)話者和傾聽(tīng)者常常意見(jiàn)不一致:容易讓接受者理解的語(yǔ)言往往很難產(chǎn)生，而容易表達(dá)的語(yǔ)言卻很難理解。

2.單選題

Haveyouafunny（）orunusualexperiencethatyouwouldliketoshare?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.amusement

B.incident

C.accident

D.section

【答案】B

【解析】句意:你有想分享的有趣事情或不同尋常的經(jīng)歷嗎？

考查名詞辨析。amusement娛樂(lè)，快樂(lè)；incident事件；accident意外事故；section部分，地區(qū)。因此B符合句意。

3.單選題

Thesevariedracialgroupshavelearnedtolivetogetherinpeaceand（

），settinganexamplewellworthfollowing.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.harmony

B.grace

C.rhythm

D.relief

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。harmony和睦，融洽；grace優(yōu)雅；rhythm節(jié)奏，韻律；relief救濟(jì)，減輕；peaceandharmony和諧和平，是固定搭配。句意：這些不同的種族群體已學(xué)會(huì)和平共處地生活在一起，樹立了值得學(xué)習(xí)的榜樣。答案A

4.單選題

Itwasaboldideatobuildapowerstationinthedeepvalley,butit（）aswellaswehadhoped.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.cameoff

B.wentoff

C.broughtout

D.madeout

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)comeoff“成功，實(shí)現(xiàn)”；B選項(xiàng)gooff“離開(kāi)，變質(zhì)”；C選項(xiàng)bringout“出版，生產(chǎn)”；D選項(xiàng)makeout“辨認(rèn)出，理解”。根據(jù)句意：在深谷里建發(fā)電站是個(gè)大膽的想法，但結(jié)果與我們?cè)瓉?lái)所希望的一樣。也就說(shuō)，這個(gè)想法得到實(shí)現(xiàn)，所以選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。

5.單選題

Itwasawonderfuloccasionwhichwewill（

）formanyyearstocome.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.conceive

B.clutch

C.cherish

D.contrive

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。conceive“構(gòu)思，懷孕，考慮”；clutch“緊握，抓住”；cherish“珍惜”；contrive“設(shè)計(jì)，發(fā)明，圖謀”。

句意：在未來(lái)的很多年里我們都會(huì)珍惜這個(gè)美好的時(shí)刻。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

6.單選題

Manycriticsagreedthatbyandlarge,thismoviewasasuccessintermsofactingandphotography.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.allatonce

B.byandby

C.tosomeextent

D.onthewhole

【答案】D

【解析】短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:評(píng)論家認(rèn)為從總體上來(lái)說(shuō)，這部電影在表演與攝影方面都表現(xiàn)得很出色。

allatonce突然，忽然。byandby不久以后。tosomeextent在一定程度上，在某種程度上。onthewhole總的來(lái)說(shuō)，大體上。byandlarge大體上，總的來(lái)說(shuō)。故選D。

7.單選題

ThegeologyoftheEarth’ssurfaceisdominatedbytheparticularpropertiesofwater.PresentonEarthinsolid,liquid,andgaseousstates,waterisexceptionallyreactive.Itdissolves,transports,andprecipitatesmanychemicalcompoundsandisconstantlymodifyingthefaceoftheEarth.

Evaporatedfromtheoceans,watervaporformsclouds,someofwhicharetransportedbywindoverthecontinents.Condensationfromthecloudsprovidestheessentialagentofcontinentalerosion:rain.Precipitatedontotheground,thewatertricklesdowntoformbrooks,streams,andrivers,constitutingwhatiscalledthehydrographicnetwork.Thisimmensepolarizednetworkchannelsthewatertowardasinglereceptacle:anocean.Gravitydominatesthisentirestepinthecyclebecausewatertendstominimizeitspotentialenergybyrunningfromhighaltitudestowardthereferencepointthatissealevel.

Therateatwhichamoleculeofwaterpassesthroughthecycleisnotrandombutisameasureoftherelativesizeofthevariousreservoirs.Ifwedefineresidencetimeastheaveragetimeforawatermoleculetopassthroughoneofthethreereservoirs—atmosphere,continent,andocean—weseethatthetimesareverydifferent.Awatermoleculestays,onaverage,elevendaysintheatmosphere,onehundredyearsonacontinentandfortythousandyearsintheocean.Thislastfigureshowstheimportanceoftheoceanastheprincipalreservoirofthehydrospherebutalsotherapidityofwatertransportonthecontinents.

Avastchemicalseparationprocesstakesplacesduringtheflowofwateroverthecontinents.Solubleionssuchascalcium,sodium,potassium,andsomemagnesiumaredissolvedandtransported.Insolubleionssuchasaluminum,iron,andsiliconstaywheretheyareandformthethin,fertileskinofsoilonwhichvegetationcangrow.Sometimessoilsaredestroyedandtransportedmechanicallyduringflooding.Theerosionofthecontinentsthusresultsfromtwocloselylinkedandinterdependentprocesses,chemicalerosionandmechanicalerosion.Theirrespectiveinteractionsandefficiencydependondifferentfactors.

1.Accordingtothepassage,cloudsareprimarilyformedbywater（）.

2.Thepassagesuggeststhatthepurposeofthehydrographicnetworkisto（）.

3.Whatdeterminestherateatwhichamoleculeofwatermovesthroughthecycle,asdiscussedinthethirdparagraph?

4.AllofthefollowingareexamplesofsolubleionsEXCEPT（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.precipitatingontotheground

B.changingfromasolidtoaliquidstate

C.evaporatingfromtheoceans

D.beingcarriedbywind

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.determinethesizeofmoleculesofwater

B.preventsoilerosioncausedbyflooding

C.movewaterfromtheEarth’ssurfacetotheoceans

D.regulatetherateofwaterflowfromstreamsandrivers

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thepotentialenergycontainedinwater.

B.Theeffectsofatmosphericpressureonchemicalcompounds.

C.Theamountsofrainfallthatfallonthecontinents.

D.Therelativesizeofthewaterstorageareas.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.magnesium

B.iron

C.potassium

D.calcium.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

【解析】第1題:1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.Accordingtothepassage,cloudsareprimarilyformedbywater______.1.根據(jù)這篇文章，云主要由水______而形成。

A.precipitatingontothegroundA.沉淀到地面上

B.changingfromasolidtoaliquidstateB.從固態(tài)變?yōu)橐簯B(tài)

C.evaporatingfromtheoceansC.從海洋中蒸發(fā)

D.beingcarriedbywindD.被風(fēng)攜帶

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】從第二段第一句“水蒸氣從海洋蒸發(fā)后形成云（Evaporatedfromtheoceans），其中一些被風(fēng)吹過(guò)大陸”理解可知，云主要是由水蒸氣從海洋蒸發(fā)而形成的，C項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“沉淀到地面上”和B項(xiàng)“從固態(tài)變?yōu)橐簯B(tài)”形成的是小溪和河流等，屬于張冠李戴；

D項(xiàng)“被風(fēng)攜帶”，根據(jù)解題思路可知，被風(fēng)攜帶的是云，并不是水，屬于曲解原文。

第2題:2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

2.Thepassagesuggeststhatthepurposeofthehydrographicnetworkisto______.2.這篇文章表明，水文網(wǎng)絡(luò)的目的是______。

A.determinethesizeofmoleculesofwaterA.確定水分子的大小

B.preventsoilerosioncausedbyfloodingB.防止洪水造成的土壤侵蝕

C.movewaterfromtheEarth’ssurfacetotheoceansC.將水從地球表面輸送到海洋

D.regulatetherateofwaterflowfromstreamsandriversD.調(diào)節(jié)小溪和河流的水流速率

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞hydrographicnetwork定位至第二段第三和第四句“水沉淀到地面上，涓滴而下形成小溪和河流，構(gòu)成了所謂的水文網(wǎng)絡(luò)。這個(gè)巨大的極化網(wǎng)絡(luò)把水引向一個(gè)容器：海洋。”，綜合理解可知，水文網(wǎng)絡(luò)的目的是將水輸送到海洋里面去，C項(xiàng)符合原文，因此正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“確定水分子的大小”、B項(xiàng)“防止洪水造成的土壤侵蝕”和D項(xiàng)“調(diào)節(jié)小溪和河流的水流速率”在原文沒(méi)有提及，屬于無(wú)中生有。

第3題:3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

3.Whatdeterminestherateatwhichamoleculeofwatermovesthroughthecycle,asdiscussedinthethirdparagraph?3.如第三段所討論的，是什么決定了水分子在循環(huán)中移動(dòng)的速率？

A.Thepotentialenergycontainedinwater.A.水中所含的勢(shì)能。

B.Theeffectsofatmosphericpressureonchemicalcompounds.B.大氣壓力對(duì)化合物的影響。

C.Theamountsofrainfallthatfallonthecontinents.C.降落在各大洲的降雨量。

D.Therelativesizeofthewaterstorageareas.D.蓄水面積的相對(duì)大小。

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至文章第三段，根據(jù)第一句“水分子通過(guò)循環(huán)的速率不是隨機(jī)的，而是能測(cè)出各個(gè)蓄水區(qū)的相對(duì)大小”，以及倒數(shù)第二句“一個(gè)水分子在大氣中平均停留11天，在大陸上停留100年，在海洋中停留4萬(wàn)年”，綜合理解可知，水分子循環(huán)的速率是取決于蓄水區(qū)的相對(duì)大小，所以D項(xiàng)“蓄水面積的相對(duì)大小”符合原文。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“水中所含的勢(shì)能”與重力有關(guān)，和題干無(wú)關(guān)，屬于張冠李戴；

B項(xiàng)“大氣壓力對(duì)化合物的影響”和C項(xiàng)“降落在各大洲的降雨量”原文未提及，屬于無(wú)中生有。

第4題:4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

4.AllofthefollowingareexamplesofsolubleionsEXCEPT______.4.除了______，以下都是可溶性離子的例子。

A.magnesiumA.鎂

B.ironB.鐵

C.potassiumC.鉀

D.calciumD.鈣

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞solubleions定位至第四段第三句“不溶性離子如鋁、鐵和硅留在原地……”可知，B項(xiàng)“鐵”為不溶性離子，不符合題干。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A項(xiàng)“鎂”、C項(xiàng)“鉀”和D項(xiàng)“鈣”根據(jù)第四段第二句“可溶性離子如鈣、鈉、鉀和一些鎂被溶解和運(yùn)輸”可知，這三項(xiàng)都符合原文，屬于反向干擾。

8.單選題

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordtablefollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthetableisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthetablemorethanonce.

Itis3a.m.everythingontheuniversitycampusseemsghostlikeinthequietanddarkness—everythingexceptthecomputercenter.Here,twentystudentsrumpledandbleary-eyed,tappingawayonthe（1）keys.Witheyesgluedtothevideoscreen,theytaponforhours.Fortherestoftheworld,itmightbethemiddleofthenight,butheretimedoesnotexist.Thisisaworlduntoitself.Theseyoungcomputer“hackers”are（2）akindofcompulsion,adrivesoconsumingitovershadowsnearlyeveryotherpartoftheirlivesandformsthefocalpointoftheirexistence.Theyare（3）computerprogrammers.Someofthesestudentshavebeenattheconsoleforthirtyhoursormorewithoutabreakformealsorsleep.Somehave（4）onsofasandloungechairsinthecomputercenter,tryingtocatchamomentsleepbutdon’twanttogettoofarawayfromtheirbelovedmachines.Mostofthesestudentsdon’thavetobeatthecomputercenterinthemiddleofthenight.Theyaren’tworkingonassignments.Theyaretherebecausetheywanttobe—theyareirresistibly（5）there.

Andtheyarenotalone.Thereare（6）atcomputercentersallacrossthecountry.Intheirextremeform,theyfocusonnothingelse.Theyflunkoutofschoolandlosecontactwithfriends;theymighthavedifficultyfindingjobs,choosinginsteadtowanderfromonecomputercentertoanother.

“Irememberonehacker.We（7）hadtocarryhimoffhischairtofeedhimandputhimtosleep.Wereallyfearedforhishealth,”saysacomputerscienceprofessoratMIT.

Computerscienceteachersarenowmore（8）oftheimplicationsofthishackerphenomenonandareonthelookoutforpotentialhackersandcasesofcomputer（9）thatarealreadysevere.Theyknowthatthe（10）ofthehackersisnotjustthestoryofoneperson'srelationshipwithamachine.Itisthestoryofasociety’srelationshiptotheso-calledthinkingmachineswhicharebecomingalmosteverywhere.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hackers

B.company

C.compulsive

D.internal

E.fallenasleep

F.know

G.actually

H.purse

I.computer

J.drawn

K.addressed

L.addiction

M.pursuing

N.aware

O.case

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.hackers

B.company

C.compulsive

D.internal

E.fallenasleep

F.know

G.actually

H.purse

I.computer

J.drawn

K.addressed

L.addiction

M.pursuing

N.aware

O.case

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.hackers

B.company

C.compulsive

D.internal

E.fallenasleep

F.know

G.actually

H.purse

I.computer

J.drawn

K.addressed

L.addiction

M.pursuing

N.aware

O.case

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.hackers

B.company

C.compulsive

D.internal

E.fallenasleep

F.know

G.actually

H.purse

I.computer

J.drawn

K.addressed

L.addiction

M.pursuing

N.aware

O.case

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.hackers

B.company

C.compulsive

D.internal

E.fallenasleep

F.know

G.actually

H.purse

I.computer

J.drawn

K.addressed

L.addiction

M.pursuing

N.aware

O.case

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.hackers

B.company

C.compulsive

D.internal

E.fallenasleep

F.know

G.actually

H.purse

I.computer

J.drawn

K.addressed

L.addiction

M.pursuing

N.aware

O.case

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.hackers

B.company

C.compulsive

D.internal

E.fallenasleep

F.know

G.actually

H.purse

I.computer

J.drawn

K.addressed

L.addiction

M.pursuing

N.aware

O.case

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.hackers

B.company

C.compulsive

D.internal

E.fallenasleep

F.know

G.actually

H.purse

I.computer

J.drawn

K.addressed

L.addiction

M.pursuing

N.aware

O.case

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.hackers

B.company

C.compulsive

D.internal

E.fallenasleep

F.know

G.actually

H.purse

I.computer

J.drawn

K.addressed

L.addiction

M.pursuing

N.aware

O.case

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.hackers

B.company

C.compulsive

D.internal

E.fallenasleep

F.know

G.actually

H.purse

I.computer

J.drawn

K.addressed

L.addiction

M.pursuing

N.aware

O.case

【答案】第1題:I

第2題:M

第3題:C

第4題:E

第5題:J

第6題:A

第7題:G

第8題:N

第9題:L

第10題:O

【解析】1.考查句意理解。根據(jù)句意“在這里（電腦中心），20名學(xué)生皺著眉頭，睡眼惺忪，不停地敲著（）鍵盤。”由此可推斷出，這里指的是電腦鍵盤，所以I選項(xiàng)正確。

2.考查句意理解。根據(jù)句意“這些年輕的電腦‘黑客’正在（）一種沖動(dòng)，這種沖動(dòng)如此強(qiáng)烈，以至于掩蓋了他們生活的幾乎所有其他部分，形成了他們存在的焦點(diǎn)。”由此可知，填空處應(yīng)填入動(dòng)詞，M選項(xiàng)pursuing“追求”代入符合句意。

3.考查句意理解。分析句子可知，填空處應(yīng)填入的是一個(gè)形容詞來(lái)修飾computerprogrammers；根據(jù)下文“其中一些學(xué)生已經(jīng)在控制臺(tái)前呆了30多個(gè)小時(shí)，沒(méi)有吃飯或睡覺(jué)。”可推斷出，這些人他們的行為是強(qiáng)制性的，所以本題選C。

4.考查句意理解。根據(jù)句意可知，這里是說(shuō)“有些人在電腦中心的沙發(fā)和躺椅上睡著了?！彼赃x項(xiàng)E正確。

5.考查句意理解。根據(jù)破折號(hào)前面的句意“他們?cè)谀抢锸且驗(yàn)樗麄兿胍?”，可知，這里應(yīng)該是指“他們被不可抗拒地吸引到那里”，所以選項(xiàng)J符合句意。

6.考查句意理解。根據(jù)句意“而且他們并不孤單。這里有來(lái)自于全國(guó)各地計(jì)算機(jī)中心的黑客?！边x項(xiàng)A符合句意。

7.考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句意理解。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子成分和句意表達(dá)完整，由此可知，填空處應(yīng)填入的是一個(gè)副詞，只有選項(xiàng)G屬于副詞，所以正確。

8.考查固定搭配。根據(jù)句意“計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)教師們現(xiàn)在更加（）這種黑客現(xiàn)象的影響…”beawareof意為“意識(shí)到”，選項(xiàng)N符合句意。

9.考查句意理解。根據(jù)句意“計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)教師現(xiàn)在更加意識(shí)到這種黑客現(xiàn)象的影響，并且密切關(guān)注那些潛在的黑客和已經(jīng)對(duì)計(jì)算機(jī)嚴(yán)重上癮的事例?！眂omputeraddiction意為“對(duì)計(jì)算機(jī)上癮的”，選項(xiàng)L符合句意。

10.考查句意理解。根據(jù)句意“他們知道，黑客事件不只是一個(gè)人與一臺(tái)機(jī)器的關(guān)系?！边x項(xiàng)O符合句意。

9.單選題

I'veheardthatyouaregoingto（

）theboss'sjobwhensheretires.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.putupwith

B.putinfor

C.putoutto

D.putinon

【答案】B

【解析】詞組辨析題。A選項(xiàng)putupwith“忍受，容忍”；B選項(xiàng)putinfor“申請(qǐng)”；C選項(xiàng)putoutto“拿出去”；D選項(xiàng)putinon沒(méi)有此搭配。句意：我聽(tīng)說(shuō)你打算在老板退休后申請(qǐng)（接替）她的職位。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

10.單選題

WhenonelooksbackuponthefifteenhundredyearsthatarethelifespanoftheEnglishlanguage,heshouldbeabletonoticeanumberofsignificanttruths.Thehistoryofourlanguagehasalwaysbeenahistoryofconstantchange—attimesaslow,almostimperceptiblechange,atothertimesaviolentcollisionbetweentwolanguages.Ourlanguagehasalwaysbeenalivinggrowingorganism,ithasneverbeenstatic.Anothersignificanttruththatemergesfromsuchastudyisthatlanguageatalltimeshasbeenthepossessionnotofoneclassorgroupbutofmany.Atoneextremeithasbeenthepropertyofthecommon,ignorantfolk,whohaveuseditinthedailybusinessoftheirliving,muchastheyhaveusedtheiranimalsorthekitchenpotsandpans.Attheotherextremeithasbeenthetreasureofthosewhohaverespecteditasaninstrumentandasignofcivilization,andwhohavestruggledbywritingitdowntogiveitsomepermanence,order,dignity,andifpossible,alittlebeauty.

Asweconsiderourchanginglanguage,weshouldnoteheretwodevelopmentsthatareofspecialandimmediateimportancetous.OneisthatsincethetimeoftheAnglo-Saxonstherehasbeenanalmostcompletereversalofthedifferentdevicesforshowingtherelationshipofwordsinasentence.Anglo-Saxon(oldEnglish)wasalanguageofmanyinflections.ModernEnglishhasfewinfections.Wemustnowdependlargelyonwordorderandfunctionwordstoconveythemeaningsthattheolderlanguagedidbymeansofchangesintheformsofwords.Functionwords,youshouldunderstand,arewordssuchasprepositions,conjunctions,andafewothersthatareusedprimarilytoshowrelationshipsamongotherwords,afewinflections,however,havesurvived.Andwhensomewordinflectionscomeintoconflictwithwordorder,theremaybetroublefortheusersofthelanguage,asweshallseelaterwhenweturnourattentiontosuchmattersasWHoorWHOmandMeorI.Thesecondfactwemustconsideristhataslanguageitselfchanges,ourattitudestowardlanguageformschangealso.Theeighteenthcentury,forexample,producedfromvarioussourcesatendencytofixthelanguageintopatternsnotalwayssetinandgrew,untilatthepresenttimethereisastrongtendencytorestudyandre-evaluatelanguagepracticesintermsofthewaysinwhichpeoplespeakandwrite.

1.Incontrasttotheearlierlinguists,modernlinguiststendto_____.

2.Choosetheappropriatemeaningfortheword“inflection”usedinparagraph2.

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTmentionedinthepassage?

4.Theauthoroftheseparagraphsisprobablya(an)_____.

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbebestusedasthetitleofthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.attempttocontinuethestandardizationofthelanguage

B.evaluatelanguagepracticesintermsofcurrentspeechratherthanstandardsorproperpatterns

C.bemoreconcernedabouttheimprovementofthelanguagethanitsanalysisorhistory

D.bemoreawareoftherulesofthelanguageusage

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.changesintheformsofwords.

B.changesinsentencestructures.

C.changesinspellingrules.

D.wordsthathavesimilarmeanings.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itisgenerallybelievedthattheyear1500canbesetasthebeginningofthemodernEnglishlanguage.

B.SomeotherlanguageshadgreatinfluenceontheEnglishlanguageatsomestagesofitsdevelopment.

C.TheEnglishlanguagehasbeenandstillinastateofrelativelyconstantchange.

D.ManyclassesorgroupshavecontributedtothedevelopmentoftheEnglishlanguage.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.historian

B.philosopher

C.anthropologist

D.linguist

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.ThehistoryoftheEnglishlanguage.

B.OurchangingattitudetowardstheEnglishlanguage.

C.Ourchanginglanguage.

D.SomecharacteristicsofmodernEnglish.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.根據(jù)第二段的最后一句“...,untilatthepresenttimethereisastrongtendencytorestudyandre-evaluatelanguagepracticesintermsofthewaysinwhichpeoplespeakandwrite.”直到現(xiàn)在，人們才有一種強(qiáng)烈的趨勢(shì)，那就是重新研究和評(píng)價(jià)語(yǔ)言實(shí)踐中人們說(shuō)話和寫作的方式。由此可知，現(xiàn)代語(yǔ)言學(xué)家根據(jù)人們說(shuō)話和寫作的方式而不是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)或者模式來(lái)評(píng)估語(yǔ)言實(shí)踐。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

2.根據(jù)第二段的倒數(shù)第三句“Andwhensomewordinflections...suchmattersasWHoorWHOmandMeorI.”可知“inflection”其意為“單詞變形”，選項(xiàng)A正確。

3.根據(jù)第一段的一二三四句“Wroupbutofmany.”可知選項(xiàng)A，C，D正確。選項(xiàng)B其他語(yǔ)言對(duì)英語(yǔ)的重大影響在本文中并未提及。

4.本文主要是講英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言的變化與發(fā)展,由此推斷作者應(yīng)該為語(yǔ)言學(xué)家。

5.本文主要是講英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言的變化與發(fā)展,并不是講述英語(yǔ)歷史，所以A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；選項(xiàng)B和D只是文章的片段，不夠全面，所以本題選項(xiàng)C正確。

11.翻譯題

ReadthefollowingpassageandthentranslatetheunderlinedpartsintoChinese.

Storiesabouttheproblemsoftourismhavebecomelegioninthelastfewyears.Yetitdoesnothavetobeaproblem.

Althoughtourisminevitablyaffectstheregioninwhichittakesplace,thecoststothesefragileenvironmentsandtheirlocalculturesashashappenedwiththeSperpasofNepal’sKhumbuValleyandinsomeAlpinevillages.Andagrowingnumberofadventuretourismoperatorsaretryingtoensurethattheiractivitiesbenefitthelocalpopulationandenvironmentoverthelongterm.

IntheSwissAlpscommunitieshavedecidedthattheirfuturedependsonintegratingtourismmoreeffectivelywiththelocaleconomy.LocalconcernabouttherisingnumberofsecondhomedevelopmentintheSwissPaysd’Enhautresultedinlimitsbeingimposedontheirgrowth.Therehasalsobeenarenaissanceincommunalcheeseproductioninthearea,providingthelocalswithareliablesourceofincomethatdoesnotdependonoutsidevisitors.

ManyoftheArctictouristdestinationshavebeenexploitedbyoutsidecompanies,whoemploytransientworkersandrepatriatemostoftheprofitstotheirhomebase.ButsomeArcticcommunitiesarenowoperatingtourbusinessesthemselves,therebyensuringthatthebenefitsaccruelocally.Forinstance,anativecorporationinAlaska,employinglocalpeople,isrunninganairtourfromAnchoragetoKotzebue,wheretouristseatArcticfood,walkonthetundraandwatchlocalmusiciansanddancers.

NativepeopleinthedesertregionsoftheAmericanSouthwesthavefollowedsimilarstrategies,encouragingtouriststovisittheirpueblosandreservationstopurchasehigh-qualityhandicraftsandartwork.TheAcomaandSanIldefonsopuebloshaveestablishedhighlyprofitablepotterybusinesses,whiletheNavajoandHopigroupshavebeensimilarlysuccessfulwithjewelry.

Toomanypeoplelivinginfragileenvironmentshavelostcontrolovertheireconomies,theircultureandtheirenvironmentwhentourismhaspenetratedtheirhomelands.Merelyrestrictingtourismcannotbethesolutiontotheimbalance,becausepeople’sdesiretoseenewplaceswillnotjustdisappear.Instead,communitiesinfragileenvironmentsmustachievegreatercontrolovertourismventuresintheirregionsinordertobalancetheirneedsandaspirationswiththedemandsoftourism.Agrowingnumberofcommunitiesaredemonstratingthat,withfirmcommunaldecision-making,thisispossible.Thecriticalquestionnowiswhetherthiscanbecomethenorm,ratherthantheexception.

【答案】在過(guò)去的幾年里，有關(guān)旅游業(yè)問(wèn)題的報(bào)道層出不窮。然而，這并不一定是一個(gè)問(wèn)題。

在瑞士阿爾卑斯地區(qū)的社區(qū)已經(jīng)明確，他們的未來(lái)取決于更有效地將旅游業(yè)與當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)合起來(lái)。

該地區(qū)的公共奶酪生產(chǎn)也出現(xiàn)了復(fù)興，為當(dāng)?shù)厝颂峁┝瞬灰蕾囃鈦?lái)游客的可靠收入來(lái)源。

僅僅限制旅游業(yè)不能解決這種不平衡，因?yàn)槿藗儗?duì)新地方觀光的渴望不會(huì)消失。

現(xiàn)在問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵是，這能否成為常態(tài)，而不是例外。

12.翻譯題

環(huán)境與我們的生存息息相關(guān)。越來(lái)越嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境污染影響了我們的生活，我們理當(dāng)應(yīng)該更加重視環(huán)境保護(hù)問(wèn)題。

近年來(lái)，由于車輛和工廠不斷增加，空氣和生活品質(zhì)也不斷惡化。此外，許多人缺乏公德心，亂丟垃圾，以致污染了湖泊和河流。更重要的是，農(nóng)民大量使用化學(xué)藥物使食物中毒事件一再發(fā)生。長(zhǎng)此下去，我們將呼吸不到新鮮的空氣，喝不到純凈的水，吃不到營(yíng)養(yǎng)的食物了。

正因?yàn)閱?wèn)題很嚴(yán)重，環(huán)境污染受到了各個(gè)國(guó)家政府的關(guān)注。就拿中國(guó)政府為例，2001年，全國(guó)環(huán)境污染治理投資為1106.6億元，比上年增加4.3%，人民也會(huì)公開(kāi)談?wù)撜畬?duì)于環(huán)境污染的新舉措。總的來(lái)說(shuō)，環(huán)境污染加劇的情況得到了一些控制。

畢竟，我們只有一個(gè)地球可以居住，保護(hù)環(huán)境非常重要。我們主張嚴(yán)格控制環(huán)境以保護(hù)環(huán)境。同時(shí)，不僅僅是政府，每一個(gè)人，不管你住在哪里，都應(yīng)該盡力保護(hù)環(huán)境。以免其惡化。

【答案】Theexistenceofhumansisdirectlyboundwiththeenvironmentinwhichwelive.Weshouldpaymoreattentiontoenvironmentalprotectionbecauseoftheinfluenceofmoreandmoreseriousenvironmentalpollutiononourliving.

Inrecentyears,withtheincreasingnumberofcarsandfactories,thequalityofairandlivingisworsening.Inaddition,lackingofsocialmorality,somepeoplelitterrubbishatwill,whichcontaminateslakesandrivers.What’sworse,farmer’soverusingchemicaldrugsleadtorepeatedincidentsoffoodpoisoning.Ifthesituationgoesonlikethis,wewon’thavefreshairtobreathe,purewatertodrink,ornourishingfoodtoeat.

Differentgovernmentsattachgreatimportanceonenvironmentalpollutionduetotheseverityofthesituation.TakeChinesegovernmentasanexample,in2011,theinvestmentforenvironmentalpollutiontreatmentcometo110.66billionyuan,anincreaseof4.3percentcomparedwiththepreviousyear.Andpeopletalkedopenlyaboutthegovernment’snewmeasuresagainstenvironmentalpollution.Inshort,thetendencytoworseningenvironmentalpollutionhasbeencontrolled.

Afterall,thereisonlyoneearth.Itisveryimportanttoprotectenvironment.Weadvocatestrictcontrolofpollutiontoprotectenvironment.Meanwhile,everyone,besidesthegovernment,nomatterwhereyouare,shouldtryone’sbesttopreventtheenvironmentfromdeteriorating.

13.翻譯題

Springdisplaysthenoisy,oftenshallowmoodsofadolescence.Autumnmoodsarethoseofmaturity,deeperandmoreintense.Agravemist-softenedmorningofreflectionisfollowedwithinhoursbyaValkyrieworldofscreamingtwilightwhenelementalwindstearwitheredleavesfrombranches,rockandstriptheshiveringforestandraiserollingmountainsondarkseas.Thewindpassesandthebillowingcloudscondenseintorain,whichfallswithquietpersistence,fillingthehardened,cart-rutsincountrylanes,floodingstreamsoversoddenmeadowsandemulsifyingthefallenleaves.Bluepatcheswidenbetweenthesun-lined,cloudsandsoontheglossybaretwigsarebrilliantinrain-washedsunshine.

【答案】【參考譯文】春天散布著嘈雜、淺淡的少年心情，秋天的心境是成熟、深沉而更為強(qiáng)烈