考研考博-英語-合肥通用職業(yè)技術學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-合肥通用職業(yè)技術學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

ItisthehighhumiditythatmakesLondonwinterssochilly,（

）.

問題1選項

A.notthelowtemperatures

B.notlownessoftemperatures

C.sincelowtemperaturesarenotaspresent

D.notthatitstemperaturesarebeinglow

【答案】A

【解析】語法題。這是個強調(diào)句，題目強調(diào)的是highhumidity，并且需填入的部分與thehighhumidity是并列成分，根據(jù)句意‘使倫敦的冬季如此之冷的是高濕度而不是低氣溫’確定A選項正確。

2.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingparagraphsintoChinese.

Membersshall,inaccordancewiththeprovisionsofArticle11,providestechnicalassistancetodevelopingcountryMemberstoensurethatthepreparationandapplicationoftechnicalregulations,standardsandconformityassessmentproceduresdonotcreateunnecessaryobstaclestotheexpansionanddiversificationofexportsfromdevelopingcountryMembers.

Inasuperficialsensethisnewgenrewasconcernedwithquestionofmethodandwasbasedonaseriesofreversals.Whereasearlierjurisprudentialliteraturehadacceptedtheciviliandefinitionoflawas“truephilosophy’’,ithadnotdevelopedasadistinctivedisciplineorscience.Forthebulkofthefifteenthendsixteenthcenturies,studiesofthephilosophyandmethodoflawweretofoundinsurprisinglydisparatedialoguesandtracts.

Thepowerofanagenttobindhisprincipalbyhiscontractsoractsinthelatter'sbehalfdependsupontheauthorityexpressly,impliedlyorostensiblyconferredupontheagentbytheprincipal,andthisdependsuponthecircumstancesofeachparticularcase.Generally,authoritytomakeaspecifiedcontractcontemplatesacontractintheusualformandwithusualtermsandtodootheractswhichareusuallyincidentalorreasonablynecessaryformakingthecontract.

【答案】依照條款第十一條，成員國應當為屬于發(fā)展中國家的成員提供技術援助，來確保技術規(guī)范、標準和合格評定程序的準備和應用不會為后者的出口擴張和多樣化造成不必要的障礙。

在某種表面意義上，這種新流派關心方式問題且基于一系列的變更。然而，早期的法律文學將法律的平民定義視為“真正的哲學”，它并沒有發(fā)展成為一種獨特的學問或學科。在15世紀和16世紀的絕大部分時間里，對哲學和法律方法的研究在讓人驚訝的不同的對話和小冊中被發(fā)現(xiàn)。

代理人通過他（與當事人簽訂）的臺同或代表當事人的行為來讓后者受法律約束;該約束力依賴于委托人清楚、隱含或表面上地賦予代理人的權力，且也取決于每個特定實例的情況。通常，（委托人給代理人的）簽約指定合同的權力意味著后者可以簽訂具有常用條款的一般合同和做其它屬于簽訂合同而附帶的或合理需要的事情。

3.單選題

Havingspentsometimeinthecity,hehadnotrouble（

）totheHistoryMuseum.

問題1選項

A.tofindhisway

B.findinghisway

C.tohavefoundhisway

D.havingfoundhisway

【答案】B

【解析】考查非謂語動詞的用法。句意：在這座城市待了一段時間后，他找歷史博物館完全沒有問題。這里根據(jù)固定搭配havetroubledoingsth可以把A，C排除。D選項強調(diào)過去，但是從句意可知這里表示的是現(xiàn)在找博物館沒有問題，所以答案選B。

4.單選題

Therearsectionofthebraindoesnotcontractwithage,andonecancontinuelivingwithoutintellectualoremotionalfaculties.

問題1選項

A.advanced

B.growing

C.front

D.back

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。rear在句中是后面的，后方的；A選項advanced“高級的，先進的”；B選項growing“成長的”；C選項front“前面的”；D選項back“后面的”。句意：大腦后部不會隨著年齡的增長而收縮，一個人可以在沒有智力或情感能力的情況下繼續(xù)生活。因此只有D符合。

5.單選題

（）Iknowthemoneyissafe,Ishallnotworryaboutit.

問題1選項

A.Eventhough

B.Unless

C.Aslongas

D.However

【答案】C

【解析】句意：只要我知道錢是安全的,我就不會擔心。選項C符合句意。

6.單選題

The________thatshesuggestedfordiscussionwerebasedonthemostrecentmedicalresearch.

問題1選項

A.contributions

B.occupations

C.expostulations

D.amendments

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項“contribution”，意為“貢獻，捐款”；B選項“occupation”,意為“占有權，職業(yè)”；C選項“expostulation”意為“勸導，忠告”；D選項“amendment”，意為“改善，修正建議”。句意：她建議討論的修正案是基于最新的醫(yī)學研究。因此，D選項符合題意。

7.單選題

Inthatcountry,apersonwhomarriesbeforelegalagemusthaveaparent’s（）toobtainalicense.

問題1選項

A.warrant

B.sanction

C.malignance

D.affirmation

【答案】B

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。warrant“證明,正當理由”;sanction“認可,支持;malignance“惡意,惡性”;affirmation“主張,肯定,斷言”。句意:在那個國家,一個人在法定年齡前結婚的話必須得到父母的認可才能領證。選項B符合句意。

8.單選題

Thesefigures（

）nosignificanceastheyarestatisticallyimperfect.

問題1選項

A.contributeto

B.attachto

C.conformto

D.amountto

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。contributeto意為“有助于，貢獻”；attachto意為“貼，系”；conformto意為“符合，遵照”；amountto意為“共計，歸結為”。

句意：這些數(shù)字沒有任何意義，因為它們在統(tǒng)計上不完美。

9.單選題

Therearemanykindsofmetals,______.

問題1選項

A.eachhavingitsspecialproperties

B.havingitsspecialproperties

C.onehasitsspecialproperties

D.eachhasitsspecialproperties

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.eachhavingitsspecialpropertiesB.havingitsspecialproperties

C.onehasitsspecialpropertiesDeachhasitsspecialproperties

【答案】A

【考查點】獨立主格結構。

【解題思路】分析句子可知，therearemanykindsofmetals（金屬有很多種）是一個獨立完整的句子，而該句沒有并列連詞，所以空格處是獨立主格結構，即n./代詞+分詞/不定式，所以該題選擇A項正確。

【干擾項排除】

B項缺少主語；

C、D項是獨立的句子，而逗號不能連接兩個獨立完整的句子。

【句意】金屬有很多種，每一種都有它的特性。

10.單選題

TheyaregoingtoLondon,buttheir（

）destinationisRome.

問題1選項

A.ultimate

B.prime

C.next

D.cardinal

【答案】A

【解析】考察形容詞詞義辨析。ultimate“最終的”；prime“主要的，最好的”；next“其次的”；cardinal“主要的，基本的”。句意：他們要去倫敦，但他們最終的目的是羅馬。選項A符合題意。

11.單選題

Withscholarsfrom24countries（

）theconference,thecommitteehadagreatdealofworktodo.

問題1選項

A.attend

B.attended

C.attending

D.toattend

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查語法結構。這里考查的是非謂語動詞。with+名詞+分詞，表示原因或者伴隨條件，scholars和動詞attend是主動關系，故正確答案選C。句意為：有來自24個國家的學者參加了會議，組委會有很多工作要做。

12.單選題

Yourexcusethatanelephantfellonyouandmadeyoulateisjust（

）.

問題1選項

A.inevitable

B.incredible

C.indispensable

D.incurable

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。inevitable意為“不可避免的”；incredible意為“不能相信的，難以置信的”；indispensable意為“不可或缺的，必不可少的”；incurable意為“無法治愈的”。由“anelephantfellonyou（一只大象落在你身上）”導致遲到這樣的借口，通常會讓人覺得這是難以置信的，因此選B。

句意：你找的借口說一只大象落在你身上，使你遲到了，這根本是不可信的。

13.填空題

Myflatis（1）farfrommyworkplace!Ihavetocommute70（2）eachway（3）MondaytoFriday.

【答案】1.so

2.minutes

3.from

【解析】1.語義題。這里強調(diào)公寓離工作地方距離很遠，故用sofar表示。

2.語義題。commute后面通常接時間，按照常理應該是70分鐘，故用復數(shù)minutes。

3.固定搭配。fromMondaytoFriday從周一到周五。

14.單選題

AngLeewontheBestDirectorOscaratthe2013OscarsAwardingCeremonyforhissurrealfilmLifeofPi.ThiswashisfourthOscar（）,andsecondwins.

問題1選項

A.recognition

B.nomination

C.condemnation

D.recommendation

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項recognition“識別；認出”；B選項nomination“任命；提名”；C選項condemnation“譴責；定罪”；D選項recommendation“推薦；建議”。句意：在2013年奧斯卡頒獎典禮上，李安憑借其超現(xiàn)實電影《少年派的奇幻漂流》獲得了奧斯卡最佳導演獎。這是他第四次奧斯卡……，第二次獲獎。獲獎前都會有一系列影片被提名。因此B選項符合題意。

15.單選題

Todeveloplightindustryinabigway（）toimprovingthepeople’slivelihood.

問題1選項

A.owes

B.attributes

C.distributes

D.contributes

【答案】D

【解析】考查短語搭配。A選項owesto...歸功于，因為B選項attributesto把……歸功于；C選項distributesto分銷，分發(fā)給；D選項contributesto對……有貢獻，有好處。根據(jù)句意可知，大力發(fā)展輕工業(yè)有利于提高人民生活水平，因此D項正確。

16.單選題

Sincenoonecould()hisscribbling,thechiefeditordecidedtoreplacehimwithanothercolumnist.

問題1選項

A.encode

B.decipher

C.clear

D.identify

【答案】B

17.單選題

Howfastisyourpersonalcomputer?Whenpeopleaskthisquestion,theyaretypicallyreferringtothefrequencyofaminusculeclockinsidethecomputer,acrystaloscillatorthatsetthebasicrhythmusedthroughoutthemachine.Inacomputerwithaspeedofonegigahertz（千兆赫），forexample,thecrystal"licks”abilliontimesasecond.Everyactionofthecomputertakesplaceintinysteps,eachabillionthofasecondlong.Asimpletransferofdatamaytakeonlyonestep;complexcalculationsmaytakemanysteps.Alloperations,however,mustbeginandendaccordingtotheclock’stimingsignals.

Becausemostmodemcomputersuseasinglerhythm,wecallthemsynchronous.Insidethecomputer’smicroprocessorchip,aclockdistributionsystemdeliversthetimingsignalsfromthecrystaloscillatortothevariouscircuits,justassoundinairdeliversthebeatofadrumtosoldierstosettheirmarchingpace.Becauseallpartsofthechipsharethesamerhythm,theoutputofanycircuitfromonestepcanserveastheinputtoanyothercircuitforthenextstep.Thesynchronizationprovidedbytheclockhelpschipdesignersplansequencesofactionsforthecomputer.

Theuseofacentralclockalsocreatesproblems.Asspeedshaveincreased,distributingthetimingsignalshasbecomemoreandmoredifficult.Present-daytransistorscanprocessdatasoquicklythattheycanaccomplishseveralstepsinthetimethatittakesawiretocarryasignalfromonesideofthechiptotheother.Keepingtherhythmidenticalinallpartsofalargechiprequirescarefultotheother.Keepingtherhythmidenticalinallpartsofalargechiprequirescarefuldesignandagreatdealofelectricalpower.Wouldn’titbenicetohaveanalternative?

OurresearchgroupatSunMicrosystemsLaboratoriesseekssuchalternatives.Alongwithseveralothergroupsworldwide,weareinvestigatingwaystodesigncomputingsystemsinwhicheachpartcanproceedatitsownpaceinsteadofdependingontherhythmofacentralclock.Wecallsuchsystemsasynchronous.Eachpartofanasynchronoussystemmayextendorshortenthetimingofitsstepswhenwalkingacrossroughterrain.

1.Whatdeterminestherhythmofthepersonalcomputer?

2.Whydoestheauthormentionsoundinairinthesecondparagraph?

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasadisadvantageoftheuseofacentralclock?

4.Theword“alternative”means（

）.

5.Wecaninferfromthearticlethat（

）.

問題1選項

A.Analarmingclock.

B.Acrystaloscillator.

C.Complexcalculations.

D.Theclock’stimingsignals.

問題2選項

A.Toillustratethetimingsignalsaredeliveredinasimilarwaysoundtravelsinair.

B.Toshowusthattimingsignals’speedcanbeasfastasthatofsound.

C.Becausethewaveoftimingsignalsissimilartothesoundwave.

D.Becausesoundisdeliveredbytimingsignals.

問題3選項

A.Distributingthetimingsignalsismoredifficultwhenspeedsarehigher.

B.Ithastotakeawiretocarryasignalfromonesideofthechiptotheother.

C.Carefuldesignisnecessarytokeeptherhythmidenticalinallpartsofalargechip.

D.Agreatdealofelectricalpowerisrequiredtoawholechipsynchronous.

問題4選項

A.method

B.substitute

C.answer

D.machine

問題5選項

A.thestructureofanasynchronoussystemisdifferentfromthatofasynchronoussystem.

B.thecentralclocksetstherhythmofpartsofanasynchronoussystem

C.eachpartofanasynchronoussystemcanchangetherhythmofthecentralclock.

D.searchingforbetterreplacementforthesynchronoussystemisaninternationalproblem.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Howfastisyourpersonalcomputer?Whenpeopleaskthisquestion,theyaretypicallyreferringtothefrequencyofaminusculeclockinsidethecomputer,acrystaloscillatorthatsetthebasicrhythmusedthroughoutthemachine.你的電腦有多快？當人們問這個問題時，他們通常指的是計算機內(nèi)部一個微小時鐘的頻率，它是一個晶體振蕩器，設定了整個機器使用的基本節(jié)奏?！庇纱丝芍?，選項B符合原文。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文句意“在計算機的微處理器芯片中，一個時鐘分配系統(tǒng)將晶體振蕩器發(fā)出的定時信號傳送到各個電路中，就像鼓聲通過空氣傳播給士兵，以此來確定他們行進的步伐一樣?！庇纱丝赏茢?，這里提到鼓聲在空氣中傳播是為了說明定時信號的傳遞和聲音在空氣中傳播的方式是類似的，所以選項A正確。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Asspeedshaveincreased,distributingthetimingsignalshasbecomemoreandmoredifficult.隨著速度的提高，定時信號的分配變得越來越困難。”選項A符合原文；根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句“Keepingtherhythmidenticalinallpartsofalargechiprequirescarefuldesignandagreatdealofelectricalpower.要使一個大芯片的所有部件都保持相同的節(jié)奏，需要精心的設計和大量的電力。”選項C和D符合原文。選項B是由于速度過快導致的結果而不是缺點，所以不正確，本題選B。

4.詞義題。結合原文內(nèi)容可知，“alternative”意為“替代品”，選項B與之意思相近。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“OurresearchgroupatSunMicrosystemsLaboratoriesseekssuchalternatives.Alongwithseveralothergroupsworldwide,我們在太陽微系統(tǒng)實驗室的研究組正在尋找這樣的替代品。和世界上其他幾個組織一起...”由此可推斷，尋找更好的同步系統(tǒng)替代品是一個國際性問題，選項D正確。選項A，B，C均是事實，不是推導出來的，所以不符合題意。

18.翻譯題

Directions:Translatethefollowing5underlinedpartsfromEnglishintoChinese.PleasewriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.

Governmentsthroughouttheworldactontheassumptionthatthewelfareoftheirpeopledependslargelyontheeconomicstrengthandwealthofthecommunity.（1）Undermodernconditions,thisrequiresvaryingmeasuresofcentralizedcontrolandhencethehelpofspecializedscientistssuchaseconomistsandoperationalresearchexperts.（2）Furthermore,itisobviousthatthestrengthofacountry’seconomyisdirectlyboundupwiththeefficiencyofitsagricultureandindustry,andthatthisinturnrestsupontheeffortsofscientistsandtechnologistsofallkinds.Italsomeansthatgovernmentsareincreasinglycompelledtointerfereinthesesectorsinordertostepupproductionandensurethatitisutilizedtothebestadvantage.Forexample,theymayencourageresearchinvariousways,includingthesettingupoftheirownresearchcenters;theymayalterthestructureofeducation,orinterfereinordertoreducethewastageofnaturalresourcesfortapresourceshithertounexploited;ortheymayco-operatedirectlyinthegrowingnumberofinternationalprojectsrelatedtoscience,economicsandindustry.Inanycase,allsuchinterventionsareheavilydependentonscientificadviceandalsoscientificandtechnologicalmanpowerofallkinds.

（3）Owingtotheremarkabledevelopmentinmass-communications,peopleeverywherearefeelingnewwantsandarebeingexposedtonewcustomsandideas,whilegovernmentsareoftenforcedtointroducestillfurtherinnovationsforthereasonsgivenabove.Atthesametime,thenormalrateofsocialchangethroughouttheworldistakingplaceatavastlyacceleratedspeedcomparedwiththepast.Forexample,（4）intheearlyindustrializedcountriesofEuropetheprocessofindustrialization—withallthefar-reachingchangesinsocialpatternsthatfollowed—wasspreadovernearlyacentury,whereasnowadaysadevelopingnationmayundergothesameprocessinadecadeorso.Allthishastheeffectofbuildingupunusualpressuresandtensionswithinthecommunityandconsequentlypresentsseriousproblemsforthegovernmentsconcerned.（5）Additionalsocialstressesmayalsooccurbecauseofthepopulationexplosionorproblemsarisingfrommassmigrationmovements—themselvesmaderelativelyeasynowadaysbymodernmeansoftransport.Asaresultofallthesefactors,governmentarebecomingincreasinglydependentonbiologistsandsocialscientistsforplanningtheappropriateprogramsandputtingthemintoeffect.

【答案】（1）在現(xiàn)代條件下，這需要各種集中控制的措施，因此需要諸如經(jīng)濟學家和運籌學專家等專業(yè)科學家的幫助。

（2）此外，顯而易見，一個國家的經(jīng)濟實力與其農(nóng)業(yè)和工業(yè)的效率直接相關，而這又取決于各種科學家和技術人員的努力。

（3）由于大眾通訊的顯著發(fā)展，世界各地的人們都有了新的需求，接觸到新的習俗和思想，由于上述原因，政府常常不得不引入進一步的創(chuàng)新。

（4）在早期實現(xiàn)工業(yè)化的歐洲國家中，其工業(yè)化進程以及隨之而來的各種意義深遠的社會形態(tài)變化持續(xù)了近一個世紀，而如今一個發(fā)展中國家可以在十年左右完成同樣的進程。

（5）由于人口激增或大規(guī)模人口遷移（現(xiàn)代交通工具使人口大規(guī)模遷移變得相對容易）引發(fā)的種種問題也會對社會造成新的壓力。

19.不定項選擇題

Theenergycontainedinrockwithintheearth’scrustrepresentsanearlyunlimitedenergysource,butuntilrecentlycommercialretrievalhasbeenlimitedtoundergroundhotwaterand/orsteamrecoverysystems.Thesesystemshavebeendevelopedinareasofrecentvolcanicactivity,wherehighratesofheatflowcausevisibleeruptionofwaterintheformofgeysersandhotsprings.Inotherareas,however,hotrockalsoexistsnearthesurfacebutthereisinsufficientwaterpresenttoproduceeruptivephenomena.Thusapotentialhotdryrock(HDR)reservoirexistswhenevertheamountofspontaneouslyproducedgeothermalfluidhasbeenjudgedinadequateforexistingcommercialsystems.

Asaresultofrecentenergycrisis,newconceptsforcreatingHDRrecoverysystems—whichinvolvedrillingholesandconnectingthemtoartificialreservoirsplaceddeepwithinthecrust—arebeingdeveloped.InallattemptstoretrieveenergyfromHDR’sartificialstimulationwillberequiredtocreateeithersufficientpermeabilityorboundedflowpathstofacilitatetheremovalofheatbycirculationofafluidoverthesurfaceoftherock.

TheHDRresourcebaseisgenerallydefinedtoincludedcrustalrockthatishotterthan150°C,isatdepthslessthantenkilometersandcanbedrilledwithpresentlyavailableequipment.Althoughwellsdeeperthantenkilometersaretechnicallyfeasible,prevailingeconomicfactorswillobviouslydeterminethecommercialfeasibilityofwellsatsuchdepths.Rocktemperaturesaslowas100°Cmaybeusefulforspaceheating(heatingofspacesespeciallyforhumancomfortbyanymeans(asfuel,electricity,orsolarradiation)withtheheatereitherwithinthespaceorexternaltoit);however,forproducingelectricity,temperaturesgreaterthan200°Caredesirable.

Thegeothermalgradient,whichspecificallydeterminesthedepthofdrillingrequiredtoreachadesiredtemperature,isamajorfactorintherecoverabilityofgeothermalresources.Temperaturegradientmapsgeneratedfromoilandgaswelltemperature-depthrecordskeptbytheAmericanAssociationofPetroleumGeologistssuggestthattrappablehigh-temperaturegradientsaredistributedallacrosstheUnitedStates.(Therearemanyareas,however,forwhichnotemperaturegradientrecordsexist.)

IndicationsarethattheHDRresourcebaseisverylarge.Ifanaveragegeothermaltemperaturegradientof22°Cperkilometerofdepthisused,astaggering13,000,000quadrillionB.T.U.softotalenergyarecalculatedtobecontainedincrustalrocktoaten-kilometerdepthintheUnitedStates.Ifweconservativelyestimatethatonlyabout0.2percentisrecoverable,wefindatotalofallthecoalremainingintheUnitedStates.Theremainingproblemistobalancetheeconomicsofdeeper,hotter,morecostlywellsandshallower,cooler,lessexpensivewellsagainstthevalueofthefinalproduct,electricityand/orheat.

1.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto________.

2.Thepassagewouldbemostlikelytoappearina________.

3.Accordingthepassage,anaveragegeothermalgradientof22°Cperkilometerofdepthcanbeusedto________.

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheavailabilityoftemperature-depthrecordsforanyspecificareaintheUnitedStatesdependsprimarilyonthe________.

問題1選項

A.warntheusersofcoalandoilthatHDR’sarenotaneconomicallyfeasiblealternative

B.alertreaderstotheexistenceofHDR’sasanavailableenergysource

C.encouragetheuseofnewtechniquesfortherecoveryofenergyfromundergroundhotwaterandsteam

D.documentthechallengesthathavebeensurmountedintheefforttorecoverenergyfromHDR

問題2選項

A.technicaljournalarticleconcernedwiththerecoverabilityofnewlyidentifiedenergysources

B.petrologicalresearchreportfocusedonthehistoryoftemperature-depthrecordsintheUnitedStates

C.consumerreportdescribingtheextentandaccessibilityofremainingcoalresources

D.congressionalreporturgingtheconservationofoilandnaturalgasreservesintheUnitedStates

問題3選項

A.providecomparisonsbetweenhotwaterandHDRenergysourcesintheUnitedStates

B.balancetheeconomicsofHDRenergyretrievalagainstthatofundergroundhotwaterorsteamrecoverysystems.

C.revisetheestimatesontheextentofremainingcoalresourcesintheUnitedStates

D.estimatethetotalHDRresourcebaseintheUnitedStates

問題4選項

A.historyofsuccessfulhotwaterorsteamrecoveryeffortsinthatarea

B.possibilitythatHDR’smaybefoundinthatarea

C.failureofinhabitantstoconserveoilorgasreservesinthatarea

D.existenceofpreviousattemptstoobtainoilorgasinthatarea

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:D

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。A選項“提醒那些使用煤炭或者石油的人熱干石不是很經(jīng)濟的替代品”；B選項“提醒讀者熱干石是一個可用的能源”；C選項“鼓勵使用新技術，從地下熱水和蒸汽中回收能量”；D選項“記錄在從HDR中回收能源的努力中已經(jīng)克服的挑戰(zhàn)”。根據(jù)題干定位到第一段第一句Theenergycontainedinrockwithintheearth’scrustrepresentsanearlyunlimitedenergysource,butuntilrecentlycommercialretrievalhasbeenlimitedtoundergroundhotwaterand/orsteamrecoverysystems.（地殼中巖石所含的能量是一種幾乎無限的能源，但直到最近，商業(yè)回收還僅限于地下熱水和/或蒸汽回收系統(tǒng)。）從這里可以看出HDR是可用資源，雖然還沒有被開發(fā)完全但是潛力巨大，因此答案選B。A、C、D選項文中沒有提及。

第2題:推理判斷題。題干：這篇文章最可能出現(xiàn)在哪里。A選項“有關新發(fā)現(xiàn)的能源的可恢復性的技術期刊文章”；B選項“集中關注美國的溫度——深度記錄的歷史巖石學研究報告”；C選項“描述剩余煤炭資源的范圍和可及性的消費者報告”；D選項“一份敦促美國保護石油和天然氣儲備的國會報告”。文章都是邏輯嚴謹，用詞科學，所以最可能出現(xiàn)在期刊里。文章的中心內(nèi)容是HDR這種資源只是稍微提及了美國，所以不選B選項。

第3題:事實細節(jié)題。題干：每千米深度的平均地溫梯度為22℃就可以用來干什么？A選項“用來比較美國的熱水和HDR能源”；B選項“平衡HDR能量回收與地下熱水或蒸汽回收系統(tǒng)的經(jīng)濟效益?！?；C選項“對美國剩余煤炭資源的估計”；D選項“估計美國HDR資源總量”。根據(jù)題干我們定位到最后一段第二句話Ifanaveragegeothermaltemperaturegradientof22°Cperkilometerofdepthisused,astaggering13,000,000quadrillionB.T.U.softotalenergyarecalculatedtobecontainedincrustalrocktoaten-kilometerdepthintheUnitedStates.（如果使用每千米深度22℃的平均地熱溫度梯度，計算出美國10千米深度的地殼巖石中包含的總能量高達13000000萬億B.T.U）然后再根據(jù)第三段第一句話TheHDRresourcebaseisgenerallydefinedtoincludedcrustalrockthatishotterthan150°C,isatdepthslessthantenkilometersandcanbedrilledwithpresentlyavailableequipment.（HDR資源基礎的定義通常包括溫度高于150°C、深度小于10公里、可以用現(xiàn)有設備鉆取的地殼巖石。）因此答案選D。

第4題:事實細節(jié)題。題干：從文章中可以推斷出，美國任何一個特定地區(qū)的溫度——深度記錄的可用性主要取決于什么。A選項“該地區(qū)熱水或蒸汽采收率的成功歷史”；B選項“HDR在那個區(qū)域被發(fā)現(xiàn)的可能性”；C選項“居民沒有成功保存那個地區(qū)的石油或天然氣儲備”；D選項“以前在該地區(qū)曾試圖獲得石油或天然氣”。Temperaturegradientmapsgeneratedfromoilandgaswelltemperature-depthrecordskeptbytheAmericanAssociationofPetroleumGeologistssuggestthattrappablehigh-temperaturegradientsaredistributedallacrosstheUnitedStates（根據(jù)美國石油地質(zhì)學家協(xié)會保存的油氣井溫度——深度記錄生成的溫度梯度圖顯示，可圈閉的高溫梯度分布在美國各地）從這里可知答案選D。

20.單選題

Customersmayalsobepermittedto（

）theircurrentaccountsforashortperiodinanticipationofacredititemcomingin.

問題1選項

A.overextend

B.overdraw

C.overvalue

D.overpay

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項overextend“過分張開，過分擴展”；B選項overdraw“透支”；C選項overvalue“對……估價過高，高估”；D選項overpay“付款過多，多付報酬”。根據(jù)currentaccounts（往來賬戶）可知B選項符合語境。句意：客戶如預知有一筆存入款項即將辦理，也可短時期透支其往來賬戶。

21.翻譯題

Directions:PutthefollowingpassageintoEnglishWriteyourEnglishversionintheproperspaceonAnswerSheet.

目前，對待科技發(fā)展存在著相互對立的兩種思潮；反科學思潮認為，現(xiàn)代科學的發(fā)展非但沒有給人類社會帶來福音，反而帶來了災難和毀滅；另一種是科技進步思潮，他們認為人類面臨的環(huán)境污染、生態(tài)失衡、資源枯竭等危機是科學發(fā)展過程中自然而然遇到的問題，這些問題進一步解決的出路恰恰在于繼續(xù)大力發(fā)展科技。上述兩種觀點都有一定的合理性，也都有各執(zhí)一端的片面性，如果從時代的高度和辯證的觀點看待當代科技的發(fā)展時，我們就可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，當代科學技術所面臨的問題并不是去如何認識現(xiàn)代科技進步，而是從時代的需要出發(fā)，設法找到未來科技進一步發(fā)展的理論根據(jù)所在。

【答案】Atpresent,therearetwooppositetrendsofthoughttothedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology.Anti-scienceholdstheviewthatthedevelopmentofmodernsciencehasnotbroughtthegospeltothehumansociety,butbroughtdisasteranddestruction.Theotheristhetrendofscientificandtechnologicalprogress,whoseviewisthatenvironmentalproblemssuchaspollution,ecologicalimbalanceandresourceexhaustionoccurnaturallyintheprocessofscientificdevelopment.ItisbyvigorouslydevelopingscienceandtechnologythattheseproblemscanbefurthersolveD.Bothofthesetwoviewsarereasonableandofone-sidedness.Ifwelookatthedevelopmentofcontemporaryscienceandtechnologyfromtheperspectiveofageanddialectics,wecanfindthattheseproblemsfacedbycontemporaryscienceandtechnologyarenothowtounderstandmodernscientificandtechnologicalprogress,buttrytofindthetheoreticalbasisforthefurtherdevelopmentofscienceandtechnologyinthefuturefromtheneedsofthetimes.

22.單選題

Usingpopularathletestoendorseandpitchcompaniesandtheirproductshasbecomecommonplaceinadvertising.U.S.companiespaidmorethan$1billiontonearly2,000athletesforendorsementdealsandlicensingrightsin1996-atenfoldincreasefromjustadecadeago.Nikealonespendsmorethan$100millionayearonendorsementcontracts.TheaverageathleteontheForbessuper40listoftop-earningathletescommandsaround$250,000ayearforanationalendorsement.SuperstarMichaelJordan,theathletewhomakesthemostfromendorsements,considersonlymultiyeardealsthatpayatleast$10million.Inadditiontotheendorsementfees,companiesspendanother$10billiontoadvertiseandpromotetheirassociationtotheseathletes.

Whilecompaniesareinvestinghugesumsofmoneyintotheconceptthatathletesmakegoodpromoter,theyarealsorecognizingthatchoosingacelebrityendorserisnolongeramatterofpersonaltasteandtop-managementwhimsy.Severalcompanieshavebeenbadlyburnedwhentheirhigh-pricedendorserswereinvolvedinmessyscandalsandcontroversies.HertzCorp,usedO.J.Simpsonasitsspokespersonfor20yearsandlostallofthatequitywhenhewasaccusedofmurderinghisex-wifeandherfriend.Smallercompaniesfaceevengreaterriskswhentheyentrusttheirnameandimagetoanathlete.WhenDallasCowboysfootballstarMichaelIrvinwascaughtinamotelroomwithstrippersanddrugs,13Toyotadealershipsthatpaidhim$120,000todoaseriesofcommercialshadlittlechoicebuttopulltheadsandswallowthe$400,000inproductioncosts.WhenIrvinrefusedtoreturnhispayment,aswellasa$50,000carthedealershipshadlenthim,theysued,thecasesettledoutofcourt.

Riskmanagementhasbecomeamajorconsiderationforcompaniesconsideringusingathletesasendorsers.However,manymarketersarewillingtotakechanceonirreverentorrebelliousathleteswhoseoutlandishbehaviordrawsattentiontothem.Forexample,basketballstarDennisRodmanhasparlayedhisbadimageintoendorsementcontractswithNike,McDonald's,PizzaHut,ComfortInn,andConverse.Rodman’ssponsorsbelieveheappealstotheelusiveGenerationXmarketthatthesecompaniesaretryingtoreach.However,Rodman’santicshavebecometoomuchforsomecompanies.TheCarl’sJr.fast-foodchaintemporarilysuspendeditsrelationshipwithRodmaninearly1997whenhewassuspendedforkickingacourtsidephotographerduringagame.

Mostcompaniesaremovingawayfromcontroversialathletesandlookingforoneswhowillnotjustattractattentionbutenhancetheimageofthecompanyorbrandtheyareendorsing.Theirgoalistoachieveanendorser'shaloeffect-apositiveassociationthatbathestheproductingoodvibesafterapopularsportscelebrityhaspitchedit.Marketershavediscoveredthatthereareanumberof“niceguys”availabletoendorsetheirproducts.AmongthemaretennisstarsPeteSamprasandMichaelChang(whohasemergedasthemostpopularathleteinAsiabyfar),SanFranciscoquarterbackSteveYoung,baseballironmanCalRipkenJr.,LosAngelesLakersbasketballstarShaquilleO’Neal,hockeystarWayneGretzky,andgolferTigerWoods.Evenformerstarswithlikablepersonalitiesandimagesaspositiverolemodelsarestillpopular,includingArnoldPalmer,JoeMontana,JimPalmer,NolanRyan,andChrisEvert,

PerhapsnobodyembodiesthenewbreedofniceguysuperstarbetterthanbasketballstarGrantHill.AnAll-AmericanatDuke,hestayedallfouryearsandgraduatedwithhisclass.Hisfather,Calvin,playedfootballatYaleandwasastarwiththeDallasCowboys.DuringhisfirsttwoyearsintheNBA,HillreceivedmorefanvotesforaspotontheNBAAll-Starteamthananyotherplayer,includingMichaelJordan.

ThebiggestbeneficiaryofGrantHill’snonabrasive,good-humored,All-AmericanimagehasbeenFila,andItaliancompanythatsignedHilltoanendorsementcontractin1994.SincesigningHill,Filahasbecomethethird-largestsneakermakerintheUnitesStates.Salesshotup37percentin1995andanother40percentin1996to$750million.Hill’snamesakeshoetrailsonlyNike’sAirJordansinsale.FilaofficialsreadilyacknowledgethatHill’s“niceguys”imageappealstothecurrentsensibilities