考研考博-英語-山東藝術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-山東藝術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Agoodteachermustknowhowto（）hisideastothestudents,asgenerallyagreedbyeducationalexperts.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.display

B.transmit

C.convey

D.illuminate

【答案】C

【解析】動詞詞性及搭配。句意：一個好老師必須知道如何把他的想法傳達(dá)給學(xué)生。傳達(dá)思想，想法等用convey，選項(xiàng)C正確。

2.單選題

LinesoflatituderunhorizontallyandareparalleltotheEquatorandlinesoflongituderunvertically.They（）attheNorthandSouthPoles.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.converge

B.convoke

C.convoy

D.convulse

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)converge“使匯聚；聚集，靠攏”；B選項(xiàng)convoke“召集”；C選項(xiàng)convoy“護(hù)航；護(hù)送”；D選項(xiàng)convulse“震撼；使劇烈震動；使抽搐”。句意：緯度線是水平的，與赤道平行，經(jīng)線是垂直的。它們在南極和北極匯合。題干中提到“Linesoflatitude緯線”、“l(fā)inesoflongitude經(jīng)線”和“attheNorthandSouthPoles在南北極”，由此可推斷出“聚集”符合語境，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Intheworldofshowbusiness,forexample,fameisapttobebreathtakingly（

）,ayearinthelimelightfollowedbytotalobscurity.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ephemeral

B.peripheral

C.perpetual

D.evanescent

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)ephemeral“短暫的；朝生暮死的”；B選項(xiàng)peripheral“外圍的；次要的”；C選項(xiàng)perpetual“永久的；四季開花的”；D選項(xiàng)evanescent“容易消散的；逐漸凋零的”。句意：例如，在演藝界，名聲往往是驚人地……，引人注目的一年之后，就完全默默無聞了。本句表示名聲時間段，應(yīng)該搭配“短暫的”更合適，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Inthe________ofdevelopmentsinscienceandtechnology,manhasbecomemorecapableofconqueringnature.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.event

B.search

C.wake

D.future

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.event事件，活動B.search搜索，搜尋

C.wake尾流，航跡D.future未來，將來

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】由“morecapableofconqueringnature（征服自然的能力越來越強(qiáng)）”可知，前半句是在介紹這種能力變強(qiáng)的原因。通常來說，人類是通過科技來征服自然的，所以隨著科技的發(fā)展，征服自然的能力會越來越強(qiáng)。inthewakeof是固定搭配，意為“隨……之后而來，跟隨在……后”，因此C選項(xiàng)wake“尾流，航跡”最符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)event“事件，活動”，intheeventof指萬一、如果發(fā)生了某事，由“hasbecome（已經(jīng)變得）”可知，科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展是已經(jīng)發(fā)生的，而不是假設(shè)的情況，不符合題干的語義邏輯；

B選項(xiàng)search“搜索，搜尋”，inthesearchof指尋找某事物，不能和“developmentsinscienceandtechnology（科技發(fā)展）”進(jìn)行搭配；

D選項(xiàng)future“未來，將來”，inthefutureof指對于某事物的未來，由“hasbecome（已經(jīng)變得）”可知，科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展是已經(jīng)發(fā)生的，而不是未來的事，不符合題干的語義邏輯。

【句意】隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展，人類征服自然的能力也越來越強(qiáng)了。

5.寫作題

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedtowriteacompositiononthetopicof“OntheAgingPopulation”.Youshouldwriteatleast160-180words.

【答案】略

6.單選題

Thetemperature（

）greatly;thedayswereveryhotwhilethenightswereverycold.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.changed

B.altered

C.varied

D.reflected

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。change意為“改變，變化”，指完全改變；alter意為“改變”，指部分改變；vary意為“變化”，指多變；reflect意為“反射，反應(yīng)”。

句意：氣溫變化很大，白天很熱，夜晚很冷。

7.單選題

Whydoesavegetarianrestaurantmakeitsdishesresemblemeatineverywayexcept（）?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ingredients

B.elements

C.components

D.compounds

【答案】A

【解析】近義詞辨析。ingredients材料，成分；elements基礎(chǔ)，原理，元素；components（機(jī)器的）組件,部件；compounds（化學(xué)類的）合成物。句意：為什么素食餐廳的菜肴除了配料外其他各方面都像肉？選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

8.單選題

WhentheopposingplayerfouledJohn,Johnlethisanger（

）hisgoodsenseandhittheboyback.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.gotthefeelof

B.gotthehangof

C.gotthebetterof

D.gottheworstof

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。getthefeelof“開始熟諳；習(xí)慣于”；getthehangof“得知……的竅門”；getthebetterof“打??；戰(zhàn)勝”；gettheworstof“失利；遭到失敗”。句意：當(dāng)對方球員對約翰犯規(guī)時，約翰讓自己的憤怒戰(zhàn)勝了自己的理智，他回?fù)袅四莻€男孩。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

9.單選題

（）hehasenoughmoneytobuyahouse,itdoesn'tmeanhe'sgoingtodo,asisoftenthecasewithhim.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Seeingthat

B.Providedthat

C.Grantedthat

D.Consideringthat

【答案】C

【解析】辨析題。Seeingthat鑒于,

由于因?yàn)椋籔rovidedthat如果,

倘若,

條件是；Grantedthat即使；Consideringthat考慮到,

就...而論。句意：即使他有足夠的錢來買這棟房子,

這也不意味著他就要去買,

這對他來說是常事。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

10.單選題

Whileafullunderstandingofwhatcausesthediseasemaybeseveralyearsaway,______leadingtosuccessfultreatmentcouldcomemuchsooner.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.adistinction

B.abreakthrough

C.anidentification

D.aninterpretation

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.adistinction差別，區(qū)別B.abreakthrough重大進(jìn)展，突破

C.anidentification鑒定，辨認(rèn)D.aninterpretation理解，解釋

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)while可知，這里是一個讓步狀語從句，意思是“盡管要完全了解這種疾病的病因可能還需要幾年時間”，而主句提到“導(dǎo)致成功治療的______可能會很快到來”，可推知空格處表示“突破性進(jìn)展”，所以該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】雖然要完全了解這種疾病的病因可能還需要幾年時間，但導(dǎo)致成功治療的突破性進(jìn)展可能會很快到來。

11.單選題

JohnaskedMary（）forherelectronicdictionary.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.didshepayhowmuch

B.shepaidhowmuch

C.howmuchdidshepay

D.howmuchshepaid

【答案】D

【解析】考查賓語從句的用法?？崭裉幩诰渥訛橘e語從句，從句的語序應(yīng)為：疑問詞+主語+謂語。故D項(xiàng)正確。句意：John問Mary買的電子詞典多少錢。

12.單選題

Manycriticsagreedthatbyandlarge,thismoviewasasuccessintermsofactingandphotography.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.allatonce

B.byandby

C.tosomeextent

D.onthewhole

【答案】D

【解析】短語辨析。句意:評論家認(rèn)為從總體上來說，這部電影在表演與攝影方面都表現(xiàn)得很出色。

allatonce突然，忽然。byandby不久以后。tosomeextent在一定程度上，在某種程度上。onthewhole總的來說，大體上。byandlarge大體上，總的來說。故選D。

13.單選題

2.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Totakethemedicineforalongertime.

B.Todiscontinuethemedication.

C.Tocometoseeheragain.

D.Toswitchtoothermedications.

【答案】C

【解析】M:HowlongshouldItakethem?

W:Theprescriptionisfor30days.Ifyou’restillfeelingdepressedafter30days.I’dlikeyoutocomebackin.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanadvicethemantodoifhisproblemcontinues?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。女士說藥量是30天，如果服藥后患者還不好，建議回來復(fù)診。

14.單選題

Only5minutesafterittookoff,theaircraftdownto（

）earthforthedamagedengine.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.fluctuated

B.vibrated

C.plummeted

D.mutated

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)fluctuate“波動，動搖”；B選項(xiàng)vibrate“振動；顫動；搖擺”；C選項(xiàng)plummet“墜落，掉下”；D選項(xiàng)mutate“突變”。填入動詞過去式做謂語，其主語是theaircraft，由關(guān)鍵信息thedamagedengine“損壞的發(fā)動機(jī)”可知plummet“墜落，掉下”符合題意，句意為：因?yàn)榘l(fā)動機(jī)損壞，飛機(jī)起飛后5分鐘就降落到地面上。故答案選C。

15.翻譯題

A:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.

把信息當(dāng)知識，把知識當(dāng)智慧。許多人日夜在網(wǎng)上“泡著”，四處收集新聞熱點(diǎn)，說起來滔滔不絕，猶如天下大事盡在心中。可是如果你仔細(xì)聽聽，認(rèn)真想想，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)他嘴里沒有一句是他的話。他根本沒有興趣咀嚼和消化那些信息。他只是一個信息的販賣者，或者是廉價的傳聲筒。

【答案】Modernpeopletendtoequateinformationwithknowledge,andknowledgewithwisdom.That’swhymanyofthemaremousepotatoes,searchingforhotnewsdayandnight.Theywouldrattleonandononcesuchpeoplestrikeaconversationwithyou,asiftheykneweverythingaboutallmajoreventsintheworldandthesecretary-generalofUNwerealwaysathisbeckandcall!However,ifyoulistenattentivelyandthinkcarefullyyouwillfindtheyarebutparrotsthatonlyrepeatwhatothershavesaidwithoutasinglewordoftheirown.Theyneverbothertochewanddigesttheinformationroundedup.Theyarenomorethanmongersofinformationorcheapmegaphones.

16.單選題

He（）meanttogivehisopinion,nottostartanargument.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.merely

B.sincerely

C.actually

D.definitely

【答案】A

【解析】句意:他僅僅是打算提出自己的觀點(diǎn)，并非想展開辯論。

考查副詞辨析。merely僅僅；sincerely真誠地，誠懇地；actually確實(shí)；definitely明確地；確定地。因此A符合句意。

17.單選題

Thepresidentofthecompanywasunderenormous（

）duringthetrial.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.force

B.pressure

C.strength

D.tense

【答案】B

【解析】句意:在審判期間，這家公司的董事長承受了巨大的壓力。

考查名詞辨析。Force武力,暴力,力量;pressure壓力,壓迫;strength力量,力氣;tense（動詞的）時態(tài)。故B符合句意。

18.單選題

AccordingtoaUnitedStateslawpassedin1986,statesparticipatingindaylightsavingtime（）advancetheirclocksonehouronthelastSundayinApril.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.conceptually

B.systematically

C.simultaneously

D.purposefully

【答案】C

【解析】conceptually概念地；systematically有系統(tǒng)地；simultaneously同時地；purposefully有目的地。句意：根據(jù)1986年通過的一項(xiàng)美國法律,在4月的最后一個星期天,參加夏令時的州同時把他們的時鐘撥快一個小時。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

19.單選題

Theyoungshouldbe（

）totheold.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.respectable

B.respectful

C.respected

D.respective

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)respectable“值得尊敬的”；B選項(xiàng)respectful“恭敬的，有禮貌的”；C選項(xiàng)respected“受尊敬的”；D選項(xiàng)respective“分別的，各自的”。句意：年輕人應(yīng)該恭敬的對待老人。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

20.單選題

Intheletter,myfriendsaidthathewouldlovetohavemeasaguestinhis（）home.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.humble

B.obscure

C.inferior

D.lower

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)humble“謙遜的，簡陋的”，B項(xiàng)obscure“昏暗的，晦澀的”，C項(xiàng)inferior“自卑的，下等的”，D項(xiàng)lower“下方的，下級的”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞home（家，住宅）可知，空格處填入“簡陋的”最合適。句意：在信中，我的朋友說他很愿意我在他簡陋的家里做客。因此，該題A項(xiàng)正確。

21.單選題

（

）canhelpbutbefascinatedbytheworldintowhichheistakenbythesciencefiction.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Everybody

B.Anybody

C.Somebody

D.Nobody

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。nobodycanhelpbut“情不自禁”，相當(dāng)于everybodycan'thelpbut.句意：大家都情不自禁地被他科幻小說所代入的世界所吸引。故D項(xiàng)正確。

22.問答題

Wearewillingto(A)sharewhatever(B)weknow,nomatterhowitmightbelittle(C),withanyonewhoisinneedofthat(D)knowledgeorskill.

【答案】試題答案：C;howlittleitmightbe

【解析】考查詞序。nomatterhow表示“無論如何”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，nomatterhow后面接形容詞或副詞+句子。

23.單選題

I’mafraidourfoodstockwillbe___beforelong.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.putup

B.stayedup

C.savedup

D.usedup

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)putup“提供；建造；舉起；提高；推舉，提名；供給……住宿；直接行動”；B選項(xiàng)stayedup“不睡覺，熬夜”；C選項(xiàng)savedup“儲蓄；貯存”；D選項(xiàng)usedup“用完，耗盡”。句意：恐怕我們的食物儲備不久就會___。本句表達(dá)“不久就會用完事物”。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

24.單選題

Iamafraidtosleep.Ihavebeenafraidtosleepforthelastfewweeks.Iamsotiredthat,finally,Idosleep,butonlyforafewminutes.Itisnotabaddreamthatwakesme;itistherealityItookwithmeintosleep.1trytothinkofsomethingelse.

Immediatelythewomaninthemarketplacecomesintomymind.

IwasonmywaytodinnerlastnightwhenIsawher.Shewassellingskirts.ShemovedwiththesameeaseandlovelinessIoftensawinthewomenofLaos.Herlongblackhairwasasshinyastheblacksilkoftheskirtsshewasselling.Inherhair,sheworethreesilkribbons,blue,green,andwhite.TheyremindedmeofmychildhoodandhowmygirlfriendsandIusedtospendhoursbraidingribbonsintoourhair.

Idon’tknowthewordfor“ribbons”，soIputmyhandtomyownhairand,withthreefingersagainstmyhead.Ilookedatherribbonsandsaid“beautiful”.Sheloweredhereyesandsaidnothing.Iwasn’tsureifsheunderstoodme(Idon’tspeakLaotianverywell).

Ilookedbackdownattheskirts.Theyhaddesignsinthem:squaresandtrianglesandcirclesofpinkandgreensilk.Theywereverypretty.Idecidedtobuyoneofthoseskirts,andIbegantobargainwithherovertheprice.ItisthecustomtobargaininAsia.InLaosbargainingisdoneinsoftvoicesandeasymoveswiththesortofquietpeacefulness.

Shesmiled,morewithhereyesthanwithherlips.ShewaspleasedbythefewwordsIwasabletosayinherlanguage,althoughtheyweremostlynumbers,andshesawthatIunderstoodsomethingaboutthesoftplayfulnessofbargaining.Weshookourheadsindisagreementovertheprice;then,immediately,wemadeanotherofferandthenanothershakeofthehead.Shewassopleasedthatunexpectedly,sheacceptedthelastofferImade.Butitwastoosoon.Thepricewastoolow.Shewasbeingtoogenerousandwouldn'tmakeenoughmoney.Imovedquicklyandpickeduptwomoreskirtsandpaidforallthreetimesasmuchbeforeshehadachancetolowerthepriceforthelargerpurchase.Shesmiledopenlythen,and,forthefirsttimeinmonths,myspiritlifted.Ialmostfelthappy.

Thefeelingstayedwithmewhileshewrappedtheskirtsinanewspaperandhandedthemtome.WhenIleft,though,thefeelingleft.too.Itwasasthoughitstayedbehindinmarketplace.Ilefttearsinmythroat,Iwantedtocry.Ididn’tofcourse.

Ihavelearnedtodefendmyselfagainstwhatishard;withoutknowingit,Ihavealsolearnedtodefendmyselfagainstwhatissoftandwhatshouldbeeasy.

Igetup,lightacandleandwanttolookattheskirts.Theyarestillinthenewspaperthatthewomanwrappedthemin.IremovethepaperandraisetheskirtsuptolookatthemagainbeforeIpackthem.Somethingfallstofloor.Ireachdownandfeelsomethingcoolinmyhand.ImoveclosetothecradlelighttoseewhatIhave.Therearefivelongsilkribbonsinmyhand,alldifferentcolors.Thewomaninthemarketplace!Shehasgiventheseribbonstome!

Thereisnodefenseagainstagenerousspirit,andthistimeIcry.andveryhard,asifIcouldmakeupforallthemonthsthatIdidn'tcry.

1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTcorrect?

2.Thewriterassumedthatthewomanacceptedthelastoffermainlybecausethewoman（）.

3.Whydidthewriterfinallydecidetobuythreeskirts?

4.Whendidthewriterleftthemarketplace,shewantedtocry,butdidnotbecause（）.

5.Whydidthewritercryeventuallywhenshelookedattheskirtsagain?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thewriterwasnotusedtobargaining.

B.PeopleinAsiaalwaysbargainwhenbuyingthings.

C.BargaininginLaoswasquietandpeaceful.

D.Thewriterwasreadytobargainwiththewoman.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.thoughtthatthelastofferwasreasonable

B.thoughtshecouldstillmakemuchmoney

C.wasgladthatthewriterknewtheirwayofbargaining

D.wastiredofbargainingwiththewriteranymore

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theskirtswerecheapandpretty.

B.Shelikedthepatternsontheskirts.

C.Shewantedtodosomethingascompensation.

D.Shewasfedupwithfurtherbargainingwiththewoman.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.shehadlearnedtostaycoolandunfeeling

B.shewasafraidofcryinginpublic

C.shehadlearnedtofacedifficultiesbravely

D.shehadtoshowinpublicthatshewasstrong.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Shesuddenlyfeltverysad.

B.Shelikedtheribbonssomuch.

C.Shewasovercomebyemotion.

D.Shefeltsorryforthewoman.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。A:作者不習(xí)慣討價還價。B:亞洲人買東西總是講價。C:在老撾，討價還價是安靜而和平的。D:作家準(zhǔn)備和那個女人討價還價。第五段指出:Idecidedtobuyoneofthoseskirts,andIbegantobargainwithherovertheprice.ItisthecustomtobargaininAsia(我決定買一條那樣的裙子，我開始和她討價還價。在亞洲，討價還價是一種習(xí)俗)。由此得知，B項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)正確。第五段還指出:InLaosbargainingisdoneinsoftvoicesandeasymoveswiththesortofquietpeacefulness(在老撾，討價還價是以較低的聲音，和一種輕松平靜的方式進(jìn)行的)。因此C項(xiàng)正確。只有A項(xiàng)在原文中找不到線索，故選A。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第六段指出:ShewaspleasedbythefewwordsIwasabletosayinherlanguage,althoughtheyweremostlynumbers,andshesawthatIunderstoodsomethingaboutthesoftplayfulnessofbargaining(對于我能夠說一些她們國家的語言她感到非常高興，雖然我說的大部分都是一些數(shù)字，但是在她看來我是非常清楚這種輕松愉悅的討價還價的方式的)。由此可知這位姑娘因作者能夠說她們國家的語言和懂得相關(guān)的討價還價的方式而感到高興。后面接著寫到:Shewassopleasedthatunexpectedly,sheacceptedthelastofferImade(她感到非常開心，以至于讓我感到意外的是，她竟然接受了我最后的出價)。因此C項(xiàng)“感到高興，因?yàn)樽髡咧浪齻冇憙r還價的方法”正確。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第六段指出:Thepricewastoolow.Shewasbeingtoogenerousandwouldn'tmakeenoughmoney.Imovedquicklyandpickeduptwomoreskirtsandpaidforallthreetimesasmuchbeforeshehadachancetolowerthepriceforthelargerpurchase(這個價格實(shí)在是太低了。她太慷慨了，幾乎賺不到什么錢。擔(dān)心她因?yàn)槲屹I得多而再次降低價格，我迅速地再挑了兩條裙子，付錢，然后離開)。故選C項(xiàng)“她想做點(diǎn)什么作為補(bǔ)償”。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。倒數(shù)第三段指出:Ihavelearnedtodefendmyselfagainstwhatishard;withoutknowingit,Ihavealsolearnedtodefendmyselfagainstwhatissoftandwhatshouldbeeasy(我學(xué)會了抗拒困難，不知不覺中，我也學(xué)會了不被溫柔輕松俘獲)。由此可見，作者沒哭是因?yàn)樗呀?jīng)學(xué)會讓情緒不輕易受到影響，故選A項(xiàng)“她已經(jīng)學(xué)會了保持冷靜”。

第5題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。最后一段指出:Thereisnodefenseagainstagenerousspirit,andthistimeIcry...(對于她的這種慷慨精神毫無防御，這次我哭了……)。因此作者最后還是哭了是因?yàn)楫?dāng)她再次打開包裝想看一下這些裙子時才發(fā)現(xiàn)這位老撾姑娘送了自己五條長長的絲帶，因此C項(xiàng)“她沒有控制住自己的情緒”正確。

25.問答題

Aconflict(A)wagedtoensurethesurvivalofthehuman(B)speciesisboundtobringhumansclosertogether.Technologicalprogresshasthusprovedtobeadouble-edgedsword,(C)givingrisetoanewformofconflict:a(D)crashbetweenManandNature.

【答案】D；“crash”改為“clash”。

【解析】考查名詞。句意：為確保人類生存而進(jìn)行的斗爭必然會使人類更緊密地結(jié)合在一起。因此，技術(shù)進(jìn)步被證明是一把雙刃劍，引發(fā)了一種新的沖突形式:人與自然的沖突。名詞“crash”作名詞時詞義為“（交通工具）墜毀，碰撞聲”，而句意為“人與自然的矛盾沖突”，所以將名詞“crash”改為“clash”。

26.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.

沒有改革開放，就沒有今天的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。

祖國的地下到處都是埋藏著豐富的礦產(chǎn)資源。

弄得不好，就會前功盡棄。

不經(jīng)一事，不長一智。

青年人和老年人不同，女青年和老太太也不同，不考慮這些情況，恐怕就解決不好“代溝”問題。

【答案】Withoutthereformandopening-up,theeconomicwillnotbewelldevelopedliketoday.

Therearerichmineralresourcesatundergroundofourmotherland.

Ifscrewup,you'llbacktosquareone.

Afallinthepit;againinthewit.

Theyoungdiffersfromtheoldwhiletheyoungwomenandoldladyvaryalot,withoutattentiontothis,it'shardtosolvethe“generationgap”.

27.單選題

Ifyouwanttoteachyourchildrenhowtosaysorryyoumustbegoodatsayingityourself,especiallytoyourownchildren.Buthowyousayitcanbequitetricky.

Ifyousaytoyourchildren“I’msorryIgotangrywithyou,but...”whatfollowsthat“but”canrendertheapologyineffective:“Ihadabadday.”or“yournoisewasgivingmeaheadache”leavesthepersonwhohasbeeninjuredfeelingthatheshouldbeapologizingforhisbadbehaviorinexpectinganapology.

Anothermethodbywhichpeopleappeartoapologizewithoutactuallydoingsoistosay“I’msorryyou'reupset”;thissuggeststhatyouaresomehowatfaultforallowingyourselftogetupsetbywhattheotherpersonhasdone.

Thenthereisthegeneral,allcoveringapology,whichavoidsthenecessityofidentifyingaspecificactthatwasparticularlyhurtfulorinsulting,andwhichthepersonwhoisapologizingshouldpromisenevertodoagain.Saying“I‘muselessasaparent”doesnotcommitapersontoanyspecificimprovement.

Thesepseudo-apologiesareusedbypeoplewhobelievesayingsorryshowsweakness.Parentswhowishtoteachtheirchildrentoapologizeshouldseeitasasignofstrength,andthereforenotresorttothesepseudo-apologies.

Butevenwhenpresentedwithexamplesofgenuinecontrition,childrenstillneedhelptobecomeawareofthecomplexitiesofsayingsorry.Athree-year-oldmightneedhelpinunderstandingthatotherchildrenfeelpainjustashedoes,andthathittingaplaymateovertheheadwithaheavytoyrequiresanapology.Asix-year-oldboymightneedremindingthatspoilingotherchildren’sexpectationscanrequireanapology.A12-year-oldmightneedtobeshownthatraidingthebiscuittinwithoutaskingpermissionisacceptable,butthatborrowingaparent’sclotheswithoutpermissionisnot.

1.Ifamotheradds“but”toanapology,（

）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,saying“I'msorryyou'reupset”mostprobablymeans“（

）”.

3.Itisnotadvisabletousethegeneral,all-coveringapologybecause

（

）.

4.Welearnfromthelastparagraphthatinteachingchildrentosaysorry

（

）.

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatapologizingproperlyis（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.shedoesn’tfeelthatsheshouldhaveapologized

B.shedoesnotrealizethatthechildhasbeenhurt

C.thechildmayfindtheapologyeasiertoaccept

D.thechildmayfeelthatheowesheranapology

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Youhavegoodreasontogetupset

B.I’mawareyou’reupsetbutI’mnottoblame

C.Iapologizeforhurtingyourfeelings

D.I’matfaultformakingyouupset

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.isgetsoneintothehabitofmakingemptypromises

B.itmaymaketheotherpersonfeelguilty

C.itisvagueandineffective

D.itishurtfulandinsulting

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.thecomplexitiesinvolvedshouldbeignored

B.theiragesshouldbetakenintoaccount

C.parentsneedtosetthemagoodexample

D.parentsshouldbepatientandtolerant

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.asocialissuecallingforimmediateattention

B.notnecessaryamongfamilymembers

C.asignofsocialprogress

D.notassimpleasitseems

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:判斷推理題。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容“‘but’canrendertheapologyineffective...leavesthepersonwhohasbeeninjuredfeelingthatheshouldbeapologizingforhisbadbehaviorinexpectinganapology.”“但是”這個詞會讓道歉不起作用這讓受傷害的人覺得他應(yīng)該為自己的錯誤行為道歉，而不是期待別人的道歉。根據(jù)題干意思，如果一位母親在道歉之后加上“but”這個詞，。選項(xiàng)A和B均無法在原文中找到對應(yīng)信息；選項(xiàng)C錯誤，這種道歉方式會讓道歉無效，所以孩子并不會覺得容易接受；只有選項(xiàng)D“孩子可能覺得他應(yīng)該向母親道歉”符合原文，所以正確。

第2題:判斷推理題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句“I'msorryyou'reupset.”定位到第三段最后一句“thissuggeststhatyouaresomehowatfaultforallowingyourselftogetupsetbywhattheotherpersonhasdone.”這表明你允許自己因?yàn)閯e人的所作所為感到沮喪，自己多少也有錯。潛在意思就是說，我知道你很難過，但這不應(yīng)該怪我。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

第3題:判斷推理題。根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容“其次是籠統(tǒng)的一般性的道歉，它避免點(diǎn)明特別傷害或侮辱他人的具體行為，而且道歉的人應(yīng)該承諾永遠(yuǎn)不再這樣做。說“作為父母我很沒用”并不能讓一個人有任何具體的進(jìn)步?！庇纱丝赏茢啵\統(tǒng)的道歉并不能讓一個人有任何具體的進(jìn)步，所以它是無效的；而且是籠統(tǒng)的道歉，也就是模糊的，所以本題選C。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)最后一段首句“Butevenwhenpresentedwithexamplesofgenuinecontrition,childrenstillneedhelptobecomeawareofthecomplexitiesofsayingsorry.”即使孩子們看到了真誠悔悟的例子，他們?nèi)匀恍枰恍椭鷣硪庾R到道歉的復(fù)雜性。選項(xiàng)A與原文不符，所以錯誤；選項(xiàng)C太過于片面，幫助不一定來自于父母，不能只考慮這一種因素，所以選項(xiàng)C也錯誤；選項(xiàng)D在文中沒有提及。根據(jù)下文具體的內(nèi)容可知，作者是根據(jù)孩子的年齡來具體舉例的，所以選項(xiàng)B“孩子的年齡應(yīng)該被考慮進(jìn)去”符合原文。

第5題:判斷推理題。結(jié)合原文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講的是父母應(yīng)該如何更好的道歉以便能夠教會自己的孩子道歉。不涉及社會問題，所以選項(xiàng)A和C范圍過于寬泛，不恰當(dāng)；選項(xiàng)B很明顯不符合原文；選項(xiàng)D“道歉并不像看起來的那么簡單”符合原文，文章列舉了幾種道歉的表達(dá)方法并且提及道歉具有復(fù)雜性，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

28.單選題

Amtrak（美國鐵路客運(yùn)公司）wasexperiencingadownswinginridership（客運(yùn)量）alongthelinescomprisingitsrailsystem.OfmajorconcerntoAmtrakanditsadvertisingagencyDDBNeedham,werethelong-distancewesternrouteswhereridershiphadbeendecliningsignificantly.Atonetime,trainsweretheonlypracticalwaytocrossthevastareasofthewest.Trainswerefast,veryluxurious,andquiteconvenientcomparedtootherformsoftransportationexistingatthetime.However,timeschangeandtheautomobilebecameAmerica'sstandardofconvenience.Also,airtravelhadeasilyestablisheditselfasthefastestmethodoftravelinggreatdistances.Therefore,thetaskforDDBNeedhamwastoencourageconsumerstoconsiderotheraspectsoftraintravelinordertochangetheirattitudesandincreasethelikelihoodthattrainswouldbeconsideredfortravelinthewest.

Twoportionsofthetotalmarketweretargeted:1）anxiousfliers—thoseconcernedwithsafety,relaxation,andcleanlinessand2）travel-lovers—thoseviewingthemselvesasrelaxed,casual,andinterestedinthetravelexperienceaspartoftheirvacation.Theagencythendevelopedacampaignthatfocusedontravelexperiencessuchasfreedom,escape,relaxation,andenjoymentofthegreatwesternoutdoors.Itstressedexperiencesgainedbyusingthetrainsandportrayedwesterntraintripsaswonderfuladventures.

Advertisementsshowedpicturesofthebeautifulscenerythatcouldbeenjoyedalongsomeofthemorefamouswesternroutesandemphasizedtheromanticnamesofsomeofthesetrains(EmpireBuilder,etc.)Theseadswerestrategicallyplacedamongfamily-orientedTVshowsandprogramsinvolvingnatureandAmericainordertomosteffectivelyreachtargetaudiences.Resultswereimpressive.TheEmpireBuilder,whichwasfocusedoninonead,enjoyeda15percentincreaseinprofitsonitsChicagotoSeattleroute.

1.What'stheauthorspurposeinwritingthispassage?

2.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthedropinAmtrakridershipwasduetothefactthat（）.

3.Toencourageconsumerstotravelbytrain,DDBNeedhamemphasized（）.

4.Thetrainadswereplacedamongfamily-orientedTVprogramsinvolvingnatureandAmericabecause（）.

5.Accordingtothepassage,theEmpireBuilderenjoyedanincreaseinridershipandprofits

because（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Toshowtheinabilityoftrainstocompetewithplaneswithrespecttospeedandconvenience

B.TostresstheinfluenceoftheautomobileonAmerica'sstandardofconvenience

C.Toemphasizethefunctionoftravelagenciesinmarketpromotion

D.Toillustratetheimportantroleofpersuasivecommunicationinchangingconsumerattitudes

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.trainswerenotsuitableforshortdistancepassengertransportation

B.trainswerenotthefastestandmostconvenientformoftransportation

C.trainswerenotasfastandconvenientastheyusedtobe

D.trainscouldnotcompetewithplanesintermsofluxuryandconvenience

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thefreedomandconvenienceprovidedontrains

B.thepracticalaspectsoftraintravel

C.theadventurousaspectsoftraintrips

D.thesafetyandcleanlinessoftraintrips

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.theycouldfocusonmeaningfultravelexperiences

B.theycouldincreasetheeffectivenessoftheTVprograms

C.theirprofitscouldbeincreasedbysome15percent

D.mosttravel-loversandnervousflierswerebelievedtobeamongtheaudiences

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.theattractivenessofitsnameandroutewaseffectivelyadvertised

B.itprovidedanexcitingtravelexperience

C.itspassengerscouldenjoythegreatwesternoutdoors

D.itwaswidelyadvertisedinnewspapersandmagazinesinChicagoandSeattle

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:1.作者意圖題。本文主要講述了美國鐵路客運(yùn)公司為應(yīng)對飛機(jī)和汽車的競爭所采取的應(yīng)對策略，Amtrak將焦急的飛行者和旅游愛好者視為目標(biāo)群體，然后對其進(jìn)行廣告的投放，最終取得一定效果。故作者的意圖是強(qiáng)調(diào)廣告的勸說性功能在改變消費(fèi)者態(tài)度方面的作用。故D項(xiàng)正確。

2.推理判斷題。由第一段“However,timeschangeandtheautomobilebecameAmerica'sstandardofconvenience.Also,airtravelhadeasilyestablisheditselfasthefastestmethodoftravelinggreatdistances.然而，時代變了，汽車成為了美國方便的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。而且，航空旅行很容易就成為長途旅行最快的方法?！笨芍绹F路客運(yùn)量下降主要是由于汽車和飛機(jī)的出現(xiàn)，火車不再是最快且最方便的交通方式。故B項(xiàng)正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第二段“Itstressedexperiencesgainedbyusingthetrainsandportrayedwesterntraintripsaswonderfuladventures.它強(qiáng)調(diào)了乘坐火車所獲得的體驗(yàn)，并將西方火車旅行描述為美妙的冒險?！笨芍狣DBNeedham強(qiáng)調(diào)火車旅行的冒險性。故C項(xiàng)正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由最后一段“Theseadswerestrategicallyplacedamongfamily-orientedTVshowsandprogramsinvolvingnatureandAmericainordertomosteffectivelyreachtargetaudiences.這些廣告被戰(zhàn)略性地放置在以家庭為導(dǎo)向的涉及自然和美國的電視節(jié)目中，以便最有效地觸及目標(biāo)觀眾?！笨芍@些廣告投放主要是為了能讓目標(biāo)觀眾看到，而前面已經(jīng)提及目標(biāo)觀眾是travel-lovers和fliers。故D項(xiàng)正確。

5.推理判斷題。由最后一段“Advertisementsshowedpicturesofthebeautifulscenerythatcouldbeenjoyedalongsomeofthemorefamouswesternroutesandemphasizedtheromanticnamesofsomeofthesetrains(EmpireBuilder,etc.)廣告展示了一些更著名的西部路線沿線可以欣賞的美麗風(fēng)景的圖片，并強(qiáng)調(diào)了這些火車的浪漫名字（帝國建造者等）。”可知帝國建造者號列車的客流量上升是源于列車的名字和廣告中宣稱的路線和風(fēng)景。故A項(xiàng)正確。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

第5題:

29.單選題

Wehaven’tseenourneighborforoveraweek.They______onatripabroad.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.couldgo

B.mustgo

C.mayhavegone

D.shouldhavegone

【答案】C

【解析】考查情態(tài)動詞的使用。A選項(xiàng)could表示過去的時間會做某事；B選項(xiàng)must表示必須做某事，C選項(xiàng)mayhavedone表示對過去所發(fā)生動作的猜測，D選項(xiàng)shouldhavedone表示本應(yīng)該做某事而沒做。句意：我們已經(jīng)一個多星期沒見到鄰居了。他們可能去國外旅行了。本句表示對過去動作的猜測。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

30.問答題

Biologically,thereisonlyonequalitywhichdistinguishesusfromanimals:theabilitytolaughs.Inauniversewhichappearstobeutterlydevoid（1）humor,weenjoythissupremeluxury.Anditisaluxury,forunlikeanyotherbodilyprocess,laughterdoesnotseemtoserveabiologicallyusefulpurpose.Inadivideworld,laughterisaunifyingforce.Humanbeingsopposeeachotheronagreatmanyissues.Nationsmaydisagreeaboutsystemsofgovernmentandhumanrelationsmaybeplaguedbyideologicalfactionsandpoliticalcamps,butweallsharetheabilitytolaugh.Andlaughter,

（2）

turn,dependsonthatmostcomplexandsubtleofallhumanqualities:asenseofhumor.Certaincomicstereotypeshaveuniversalappeal.Thiscanbestbeseenfromtheworld-widepopularityofCharlieChaplin’searlyfilms.

Thelittleman

（3）

oddswithsocietyneverfailstoamusenomatterwhichcountrywecomefrom.Asthatgreatcommentatoronhumanaffairs,Dr.SamuelJohnson,onceremarked,“Menhavebeenwiseinverydifferentmodes;buttheyhavealwayslaughed

（4）

thesameway.”

Asenseofhumormaytakevariousformsandlaughtermaybeanythingfromarefinedtingle

（5）

anearthquakingroar,buttheeffectisalwaysthesame.Humorhelpsustomaintainacorrectsenseofvalues.Itistheonequalitywhichpoliticalfanaticsappeartolack.Ifwecanseethefunnyside,wenevermakethemistakeoftakingourselvestooseriously.Wearealwaysremindedthattragedyisnotreallyfarremoved

（6）

comedy.Soweneverget&lopsidedviewofthings.

Thisisoneofthechieffunctionsofsatireandirony.Humanpainandsufferingaresogrim;wehoversooften

（7）

thebrinkofwar,politicalrealitiesareusuallyenoughtoplungeusintototaldespair.Insuchcircumstances,cartoonsandsatiricalaccountsofsomb