2018-2019版英語人教必修1Unit-4-Period-One

Unit4

EarthquakesAnearthquakeisoneofthemostcommonnaturaldisasters(災(zāi)難).Soitisnecessarytolearnsomesimplesafetytipstoprotectyourselforyourfamilymembers.Somethingslikethosemadeofglassareeasilybrokenandshouldusuallybeplacedonalowersurface，nearthegroundinsteadofplacingtheminthecupboardshigherup.Neverplacethemnearyourbed，sofasandotherfurniturewhereyouwouldbesittingorlyingdown.Whenthereisastrongmovement，thesepieceswillfallonthefloordirectlyandnotonyou.話題導(dǎo)入Thereisastrongchanceofshortcircuits(短路)andfireduringanearthquake.Makesureyouturnoffelectrical(電的)connectionsandgasimmediatelywhenanearthquakehappens.Duringanearthquake，liebeneath(在……下面)anobjectthatisnoteasilybroken.Donotgonearobjectsthatcoulddirectlyfallonyou.Neverusetheelevatortogodown.Stayinsideuntiltheshakingstopsanditissafetogooutside.Researchhasshownthatmostinjurieshappenwhenpeopleinsidebuildingstrytogoout.Usethestaircasesatalltimes.Ifyouareoutdoors，donottakeshelterunderatree，streetlights，ortallbuildings.Ifyouaredriving，stopyourcarandstayinasafeplace.Donotparkyourcarunderatreeoranytallobject.根據(jù)短文判斷正(T)、誤(F)1.Duringanearthquake，youcanlieanywhereintheroom.()2.Whentheearthquakehappens，youmustn’tstandunderatree.()FT基礎(chǔ)自測內(nèi)容索引要點(diǎn)探究達(dá)標(biāo)檢測課文預(yù)讀PeriodOne

WarmingUp，Pre-reading&Reading基礎(chǔ)自測1.

vi.爆裂；爆發(fā)n.突然破裂；爆發(fā)2.

n.廢墟；毀滅vt.毀滅；使破產(chǎn)3.

n.苦難；痛苦

v.遭受；忍受；經(jīng)歷4.

adj.極度的

adv.極度地；非常Ⅰ.重點(diǎn)單詞burstruinsufferingsufferextremeextremely5.

vt.損害；傷害

n.傷害6.

vt.毀壞；破壞；消滅7.

adj.無用的；無效的；無益的

adj.有用的8.

vt.&vi.(使)震驚；震動n.休克；震驚；打擊

adj.震驚的injureinjurydestroyuselessusefulshockshocked9.

n.&vt.援救；營救

10.

vt.使陷入困境n.陷阱；困境11.

vt.埋葬；掩埋；隱藏12.

n.掩蔽處；避身處；掩蔽rescuetrapburyshelter1.

立刻；馬上2.

不在意，看輕3.

結(jié)束；終結(jié)4.

嚴(yán)重受損；破敗不堪5.

掘出；發(fā)現(xiàn)6.

許多；大量的Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)短語rightawaythinklittleofatanendinruinsdigouta(great)numberof1.too...to...太……而不能……Inthefarmyards，thechickensandeventhepigswere

.農(nóng)家宅院里的雞，甚至豬都緊張得不吃東西。2.asif引導(dǎo)表語從句Itseemed

!仿佛到了世界末日！3.all...not...并不是所有的

hopewas

lost.并不是所有的希望都破滅了。Ⅲ.重點(diǎn)句式toonervoustoeatasiftheworldwasatanendAllnot課文預(yù)讀Ⅰ.根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容判斷正(T)、誤(F)1.BeforeJuly28,1976，strangethingshappenedinthecountrysideofnorthwestHebei.()2.WhentheearthquakehappenedinHebei，one-thirdofthenationcouldfeelit.()3.Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorinjuredreachedmorethan4,000,000.()FTF4.AnotherbigquakeshookTangshanwhilerescueworkersanddoctorsweresavingthepeopletrapped.()5.Animalslikecows，pigsandchickensaswellaspeoplesufferedalotintheearthquake.()TTⅡ.課文閱讀理解1.Howlongdidtheearthquakelast?A.15minutes. B.42minutes.C.15seconds. D.42seconds.√答案1234562.WhichisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.PeopleinBeijingfelttheearthquake.B.PeopleofTangshancaredmuchaboutthestrangeeventsbeforethe

earthquake.C.Iftheearthquakehadhappenedduringthedaytime，itwouldn’t

havecausedsomanydeaths.D.Manysoldiershelpedtorescuethepeoplewhoweretrappedunderthe

ruins.√答案1234563.Freshwaterwastakentothecitybytrain，truckandplane，because

.A.thewaterpipescrackedandburstB.therewasnoelectricityC.damsandwellswereuselessD.thewellwallshaddeepcracksinthem√答案1234564.Whichofthefollowingcanalsobeusedasatitleofthepassage?A.TangshanEarthquakeB.TheWorldatanEndC.HowtoPreventanEarthquakeD.NewTangshan√答案1234565.Whatdoesthelastsentence“Slowly，thecitybegantobreatheagain.”mean?A.Peoplewhoweretrappedcametolife.B.Thetreesturnedgreen.C.Theanimalsbegantobreathe.D.Thecityreturnedtonormalgradually.√答案1234566.ManystrangethingshappenedinthecountrysideEXCEPTthat

.A.thewellwallshaddeepcracksinthemB.someanimalsweretoonervoustoeatC.fishjumpedoutofbowlsandpondsD.birdsflewhigherthanusual√答案123456Ⅲ.課文難句分析1.Buttheonemillionpeopleofthecity，whothoughtlittleoftheseevents，wereasleepasusualthatnight.[句式分析]此句的主干為Buttheonemillionpeopleofthecitywereasleep。whothoughtlittleoftheseevents為

從句，修飾onemillionpeople；asusual為

；thatnight為

。[自主翻譯]

_______________________________________________________________________

但是這座城市的一百萬居民幾乎沒有把這些情況當(dāng)回事，那天晚上照常睡著了。方式狀語時間狀語非限制性定語2.Then，laterthatafternoon，anotherbigquakewhichwasalmostasstrongasthefirstoneshookTangshan.[句式分析]此句為復(fù)合句，which引導(dǎo)的

從句修飾____________

。[自主翻譯]

_______________________________________________________________________

接著，在下午晚些時候，強(qiáng)度幾乎和第一次一樣的地震又一次在唐山爆發(fā)了。anotherbig定語quake小組討論

Howcanweprotectourselvesinanearthquake?Nevertrytousethelift.Putoutthefireandturnoffthegas.Hideunderthehardfurniture(家具).核心素養(yǎng)提升Usesomethinghardtoprotectyourhead.要點(diǎn)探究1Imagineyourhomebeginstoshakeandyoumustleaveitrightaway.想象一下你的家開始搖晃，你必須馬上離開。重點(diǎn)詞匯

立刻；馬上rightawayrightnowatonceimmediatelyinnotime(1)Heisbadlyhurt.Heshouldbesenttohospital

notime.他傷得很重，應(yīng)該被立即送到醫(yī)院。(2)Ifyousetoff

(immediate)，youwillbeabletomeethim.如果你馬上出發(fā)，你將會遇到他。inimmediately2Inthecity，thewaterpipesinsomebuildingscrackedandburst.在市內(nèi)，有些建筑物里的水管出現(xiàn)裂縫并爆裂開來。burstv.(burst，burst)(使)爆裂；脹開；猛沖；突然……起來；n.突然破裂；爆發(fā)burstinto...突然開始……；闖入……burstintolaughter/tearsburstoutlaughing/cryingburstin打斷；闖入；突然出現(xiàn)突然大笑/哭起來(1)Itwasmymom,whowouldbesad.ItwassoterriblethatIburstoutcrying.會傷心的是我媽媽。事情這么糟糕，我放聲大哭起來。(2)Heburst

theroomwithoutknocking.他沒有敲門就闖進(jìn)了房間。(3)WeweretalkinghappilywhenMike

.我們正在愉快地交談，這時麥克打斷了我們。[單句改錯](4)Hearingthesadnews，oburstintears3Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend!仿佛到了世界末日！atanend結(jié)束；終結(jié)attheendof在……的盡頭bytheendof到……末為止cometoanend結(jié)束intheend最后；終于(1)Myclassmatewaitedformeattheendofthestreet.我的同學(xué)在這條街的盡頭等我。(2)

lastmonth，wehadlearnedabout3,000words.到上個月月底為止，我們已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了大約3000個單詞。(3)

theyreachedaplaceofsafety.最終，他們到達(dá)了一個安全的地方。[單句改錯](4)Ourdiscussionneverseemstocometoaend.BytheendofIntheendan4Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins.在可怕的15秒鐘內(nèi)，一座大城市就淪為一片廢墟。ruinn.廢墟；毀滅；vt.毀滅；使破產(chǎn)inruins破敗不堪；嚴(yán)重受損fall/comeintoruin成為廢墟，被毀了ruinone’shope/chance毀掉某人的希望/機(jī)會ruinoneself自我毀滅(1)Yearsoffightinghaslefttheareainruins.連年的戰(zhàn)爭使這一地區(qū)破敗不堪。(2)Alargenumberofchurchesfell/cameintoruinafterthebigflood.洪水過后，大批的教堂被毀掉了。(3)Thelittlemistake

ofgettingthejob.這個小錯誤毀掉了他得到這份工作的機(jī)會。ruinedhischance[易混辨析]

ruin，damage，destroy※ruin泛指一般性的破壞，有時可指把某物損壞到了不能再使用的程度。用作名詞時，常構(gòu)成詞組：inruins。※damage指“損壞”，一般指部分性的損壞，通過修復(fù)還可以恢復(fù)功能等。用作名詞時，常構(gòu)成詞組：cause/dodamageto...對……造成損害?！鵧estroy指徹底破壞，不可修復(fù)，也可以指希望、計劃等破滅。[選詞填空]

ruin，damage，destroy(4)Theschoolwascompletely

byfire.(5)Theymanagedtorepairthehousethathadbeen

.(6)Whatleftthetownin

?(7)Thefiredidgreat

tothecountry.destroyeddamagedruinsdamage5Two-thirdsofthemdiedorwereinjuredduringtheearthquake.他們當(dāng)中三分之二的人在地震中或死或傷。(1)injurevt.損害；傷害；使受傷(2)injuredadj.受傷的theinjured受傷的人；傷員(3)injuryn.傷；傷口；傷害doaninjurytosb.＝dosb.aninjury傷害某人(1)Theinjuredweresenttothenearesthospitalatonce.傷員被立刻送往最近的醫(yī)院。(2)Heneverdidan

(injure)tohisfriends.他從不做傷害朋友的事情。injury[易混辨析]

injure，hurt，wound，harm※injure一般指由于意外或事故而受傷，也可表示損害名譽(yù)、自尊等?！鵫urt一般用語，既可指肉體上的傷害，也可指精神上的傷害，還可用作不及物動詞，意為“疼痛”?！鵺ound指外傷(如刀傷、槍傷、劍傷等)，尤指在戰(zhàn)爭、戰(zhàn)斗中受傷?！鵫arm特指傷及一個人或其心情、健康、權(quán)利、事業(yè)等，并使之產(chǎn)生痛苦、損害或某種不幸遭遇。[選詞填空]

injure，hurt，wound，harm(3)Don’t

youreyesbyreadinginpoorlight.(4)Twopeoplehavebeenseriously

inaroadaccident.(5)I’mreallysorry.Ididn’tmeanto

yourfeelings.(6)Hegot

inthewar.(7)Mychest

whenImakeadeepbreath，doctor.harminjuredhurtwoundedhurts6Peoplewereshocked.人們驚呆了。(1)shockvt.&vi.(使)震驚；震動；n.休克；打擊；震驚beashockto...使……震驚(2)shockedadj.感到震驚的beshockedby/at...對……感到震驚beshockedtodosth.因做某事而感到震驚beshockedthat...對……感到震驚(3)shockingadj.令人震驚的(1)Hissituationwasagreatshocktousall.他的處境使我們大家都大為震驚。(2)Iwasshocked

(hear)thenewsthathehadbeenfired.聽到他被解雇的消息，我很震驚。(3)Theendingofthisplayisvery

(shock).這出戲的結(jié)局真令人震驚。tohearshocking[一句多譯](4)這個消息讓會上的人們很是震驚。①Thenewsmade

.②Thepeopleatthemeeting

.thepeopleatthemeetingveryshockedwereshockedat/bythenews7Someoftherescueworkersanddoctorsweretrappedundertheruins.一些救援人員和醫(yī)生被困在了廢墟下。rescuevt.&n.援救；營救rescuesb./sth.from...把某人/某物從……中營救出來come/gotoone’srescue＝rescuesb.援救某人(1)IgotarescuecallfromawomaninMuttontown.我接到一個來自Muttontown的一個女人的求救電話。(2017·全國Ⅰ)(2)Thefiremen

theburninghouse.消防隊員從失火的房子里救出一個嬰兒。(3)Allthepeoplenearby

whenhearinghercryforhelp.周圍所有的人聽到她的呼救聲都來營救她。rescuedababyfromcame/wenttoherrescuetrapvt.使陷入困境；n.陷阱；困境betrappedin被困在……中，陷在……中o(doing)sth.誘騙某人(做)某事setatrapfor給……設(shè)圈套fall/walkintoatrap落入圈套(4)Whentheaccidenthappened，theyweretrappedinthelift.當(dāng)事故發(fā)生時，他們正被困在電梯中。(5)Ifyouwalkintotheforest，you’relikelytofall/walkintoatrap.如果你走入樹林中，你很可能陷入圈套。(6)Theman

thebuilding.這個人騙這個小男孩進(jìn)入了這座樓房。trappedthelittleboyintoentering[高級表達(dá)](7)Whentheyoungmanwastrappedinthebuilding，hefeltveryhelpless.(改為非謂語動詞作狀語)→

，theyoungmanfeltveryhelpless.Trappedinthebuilding8Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.解放軍組成小分隊，將受困的人們挖出來，將死者掩埋。buryvt.埋葬；掩埋；隱藏buryone’sface/headinone’shands用手捂住臉/頭buryoneselfinbeburiedin埋頭于/專心于……(1)Shedecidedtoburythesecretdeepwithinherself.她決定把這個秘密深藏在內(nèi)心。(2)Sincehiswifeleft，hehasburiedhimselfinhiswork.自從妻子離開之后，他一直都埋頭于工作。(3)Thegirlwassittingthere，

(bury)herfaceinherhands.這個女孩坐在那里，雙手捂著臉。burying[一句多譯](4)由于埋頭于功課，他對外面的事情一無所知。①

，heknewnothingabouttheoutsideworld.(as引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句)②

，heknewnothingabouttheoutsideworld.(過去分詞短語作狀語)AshewasburiedinhislessonsBuriedinhislessons9Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.救援人員為那些家園被毀的幸存者們蓋起了避難所。sheltern.掩蔽；掩蔽處；避身處，常與介詞from搭配；v.保護(hù)；掩蔽；躲避；遮蔽takeshelterfrom躲避……undertheshelterof在……的庇護(hù)下,shelter...from...保護(hù)……免受……(1)Thechildrentookshelterfromtherainatabusstopthatday.那天孩子們在一個公共汽車站里避雨。(2)Hisbrotheris

him，whoisagovernmentofficial.他的弟弟受到了他這個政府官員的庇護(hù)。(3)Treescan

thecoldwind.大樹可以保護(hù)田地不受冷風(fēng)侵襲。undertheshelterofshelterthefieldfrom10Suchagreatnumberofpeoplediedbecausethequakehappenedwhiletheyweresleeping.造成如此多的人死亡是因為地震發(fā)生時人們正在睡覺。a(great)numberof許多；大量的thenumberof……的數(shù)量[易混辨析]

anumberof，thenumberof※anumberof表示“許多”，在number之前可以加上large，small，great等表示程度。anumberof只修飾可數(shù)名詞，作主語時謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式?！鵷henumberof表示“……的數(shù)量”，后接可數(shù)名詞，作主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù)。(1)Anumberofstudentsinourschoolhavereadthisbook.我們學(xué)校的很多學(xué)生都讀過這本書。(2)Thenumberofpeoplepresentatthemeetingis200.出席會議的人數(shù)是200。[單句改錯](3)Thenumberofcarsinthiscityarekeepingrisingthesedays.is經(jīng)典句式1Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend!仿佛到了世界末日！asif相當(dāng)于asthough，意為“似乎，好像”，用在seem，look等系動詞之后引導(dǎo)表語從句。asif/though還可引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句。若asif從句描述非現(xiàn)實情況，則用虛擬語氣。(1)當(dāng)從句表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的情況時，謂語動詞用一般過去時(be動詞一般用were)；(2)當(dāng)從句表示與過去事實相反的情況時，謂語動詞用過去完成時(had＋過去分詞)；(3)當(dāng)從句表示與將來事實相反的情況時，謂語動詞用“would/could/might＋動詞原形”。注意：若從句描述的情況發(fā)生的可能性很大，則不用虛擬語氣。(1)Lookattheclouds！Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.看這些云！看起來好像天要下雨了。(2)Itseemsasifhe

(know)everything，butinreality，heisstupid.看起來他似乎是個萬事通，其實他很蠢。[單句改錯](3)Thewomanwasstandingthereasifshewasastatue.knewwere2Allhopewasnotlost.并不是所有的希望都破滅了。(1)本句是一個部分否定的句子。all/allof...not...＝notall...，意為“并不是所有的；不是全部，而是一些”。(2)表示“并不是所有的”還有everyone/everybody/everything...not...(＝noteveryone/everybody/everything...)。(3)三者以上的全部否定用noneof...。(4)兩者的部分否定為：bothof...not...＝notboth...并不是兩者都……。兩者的全部否定為：neitherof...(兩者)沒有一個，兩者都不……。(1)Notallthegirlsinourclassliketheyoungactor.在我們班并不是所有女孩都喜歡那個年輕演員。

(2)Therearemanypeopleintheroom，butIknow

them.

房間里有很多人，但是我都不認(rèn)識。(3)

hissonslikestalkingwithothers.他的兩個兒子都不喜歡和別人交談。noneofNeitherof[句型轉(zhuǎn)換](4)Notallthestudentswenttothemovies.→Allthestudents

tothemovies.(5)Bothofthetwomathproblemsarenotverydifficult.→

thetwomathproblemsareverydifficult.didn’tgoNotbothof達(dá)標(biāo)檢測Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.We

(rescue)fromthesinkingshipbyapassingboat.2.Unemploymentrunsatmorethan50%，andmostfactorieshavefallen

ruin.3.Mostofus

(shock)atthenewsabouttheyoungboy.4.Hewastryingtosavethegirl

(trap)intheburninghouse.5.It’s

(use)offeringhimanotherchance，forhehasgivenin.6.Thegirlwastoonervous

(walk)fartherwhenshesawthesnake.wererescuedintowereshockedtrappeduselesstowalk7.Themanwenttowork

usualaftertheaccident.8.Cheerup！Theworldisnot

anend!9.Fromherexpressionwecouldtellthatshewas

(extreme)angry.10.Thesoldierswerebusydiggingoutthepeople

(bury)undertheg