高中英語外研版Module4Greatscientists 省賽獲獎(jiǎng)

第四模塊測(cè)評(píng)(時(shí)間:100分鐘滿分:120分)第Ⅰ卷第一部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分,滿分30分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AItissaidthateveryscientisthasachildhooddreamofhisorherfutureYuanLongping,thedreamwasthathewouldgrowgrainsofriceaslargeaspeanuts,andthatfarmerscouldrelaxinthelargeshadowoftheirplants.HisdreamcameisknownasChina’sfatherofhybrid(雜交的)isknownforcreatingatypeofricethathasahighyield.Hecameupwiththeideaofhybridizingriceinthe1960s,whenChinawassufferingaseriousfamine(饑荒).Tenyearslater,hegrewanewspeciesthatproduceda20percenthigheryieldthancommontypesofrice.Comparedwiththeordinaryrice,thehybridishighlyisastrongerplantthatcanbetterbeardroughtandwaterlogging(水澇),aswellasdiseasesandworms.HalfofChina’sricecropsareYuan’sspecialthecountry’stotalriceproductionhasgreatly,Yuancontinuestotryandincreasetheyieldofyouaskhimwhetherricequalityorquantityshouldcomefirst,hisanswerisalwaysthelatter.“Firstwemusthaveenoughfood,andthenwemusteatwell,”heheaddedthatahighyielddidnotnecessarilymeanalowquality.MoneyandfamefollowsuchgreatseedcompanyinShenzhenusedYuan’snameandinreturn,hegotashareof2millionyuan.Buthesaid,“Thatfiguremeans’msatisfiedwithmymuchmoneyisaburden.”farmersinChinahavegrownhybridricesince.

1950s 1970s1960s 1980s答案：B解析：推理判斷題。由第三段中的“Hecameupwiththeideaofhybridizingriceinthe1960s...Tenyearslater,hegrewanewspecies...”可推出中國的農(nóng)民從20世紀(jì)70年代開始種植雜交水稻。aresultofYuan’sspecialrice,.

oneinChinaishungryanymorefarmersinChinaaresatisfiedwiththeirlifefarmersinChinagetatleast20%morericethanbeforefarmersinChinagetatleast30%morericethanbefore答案：C解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段最后一句可知答案：為C項(xiàng)。ofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?Longpingbelievesthatthequalityofriceismoreimportantthanitsquantity.peopleledahardlifeinthe1960s.scientisthasachildhooddreamofhisorherfuturesuccess.Longpinglookslikeanordinaryfarmerinhisdailylife.答案：A解析：推理判斷題。由第五段最后一句及第六段可知A項(xiàng)與文章內(nèi)容有出入。wouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?famousscientist.riceandsuperrice.ofhybridrice.Longping’srice.答案：C解析：主旨大意題。通讀全文可知C項(xiàng)最為恰當(dāng)。B(2023·四川高考)Ifyoucouldhaveonesuperpower,whatwoulditbe?Dreamingaboutwhetheryouwouldwanttoreadminds,seethroughwalls,orhavesuperhumanstrengthmaysoundsilly,butitactuallygetstotheheartofwhatreallymattersinyourlife.

Everydayinourwork,weareinspiredbythepeoplewemeetdoingextraordinarythingstoimprovetheworld.Theyhaveadifferentkindofsuperpowerthatallofuspossess:thepowertomakeadifferenceinthelivesofothers.We’renotsayingthateveryoneneedstocontributetheirlivestothelivesarebusyenoughdoinghomework,playingsports,makingfriends,seekingafteryourwedothinkthatyoucanliveamorepowerfullifewhenyoudevotesomeofyourtimeandenergytosomethingmuchlargerthananissueyouareinterestedinandlearnor,ifyoucan,contributealittlemoneytoayoudo,don’tbeamayhavetheopportunitytomakeyourbiggestdifferencewhenyou’rewhynotstartnow?Ourownexperienceworkingtogetheronhealth,development,andenergythelasttwentyyearshasbeenoneofthemostrewardingpartsofourhaschangedwhoweareandcontinuestofuelouroptimismabouthowmuchthelivesofthepoorestpeoplewillimproveintheyearsahead.doestheunderlinedpartinParagraph2referto?lifestyle. lifevalue.troubleinlife. lifeexperience.答案：B解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第一段及第二段可知,如果可以擁有一種超能力,有的人想要讀心術(shù)、有的人想能看穿墻壁、有的人想擁有超人的力量,這聽起來都很傻,但這確實(shí)反映了你內(nèi)心的真實(shí)想法,也就是你的人生觀和價(jià)值觀。由此可以判斷,畫線部分的含義為“你的人生價(jià)值觀”,故選B項(xiàng)。doestheauthorsaytheyareinspiredeveryday?possessdifferentkindsofsuperpowers.havegotthepowertochangetheworld.peoplearoundthemaremakingtheworldbetter.aremanypowerfulpeopleintheirlifeandwork.答案：C解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段的內(nèi)容可知,在工作中,我們每天都受到一些人的鼓舞,他們做著非凡的事情來改善這個(gè)世界。由此可以推斷,人們之所以受到鼓舞,是因?yàn)橹車娜硕荚诟淖冎澜?使世界變得更美好,故選C項(xiàng)。doestheauthorstressinParagraph5?moreandcontributingmoretoacause.aboveselfandactingtohelpothers.hardtogetabiggeropportunity.yourbesttohelpthepoor.答案：B解析：段落大意題。作者在第五段第一句指出,我們并不是說每個(gè)人都需要為窮人貢獻(xiàn)自己的生命。然后指出了自己的觀點(diǎn)“Butwedothinkthatyoucanliveamorepowerfullifewhenyoudevotesomeofyourtimeandenergytosomethingmuchlargerthanyourself.”,可知當(dāng)你把你的時(shí)間和精力投入到更大的事情上時(shí),你可以活得更有力量。由此可以推斷,作者強(qiáng)調(diào)的是要提升自己,幫助他人,故B項(xiàng)正確。canbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?authorbelievesthelivesofthepoorestwillgetbetter.moreprogresswillbemadeinthenearfuture.workonhealthisthemostvaluableexperience.’seffortshavebeenmateriallyrewarded.答案：A解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的“Ithaschangedwhoweareandcontinuestofuelouroptimismabouthowmuchthelivesofthepoorestpeoplewillimproveintheyearsahead.”可知,它改變了我們,并繼續(xù)讓我們對(duì)改善貧窮人口的生活保持樂觀的情緒。由此可以推斷,作者堅(jiān)信,窮人的生活會(huì)變得更好。故選A項(xiàng)。CAlbertEinsteinhadagreateffectonscienceandhistory,andhisachievementwasevengreaterthanonlyafewothergreatscientistshaveAmericanuniversitypresidentoncesaidthatEinsteinhadmadeanewoutlook,anewviewofthemaybesometimebeforetheaveragemindunderstandsfullytheidentityoftimeandspaceandsoon—butevenordinarymennowunderstandthattheuniverseissomethinglargerthaneverthoughtbefore.By1914youngEinsteinhadbeenacceptedtheoffertobecomeaprofessoratthePrussianAcademyofScienceinhadfewduties,littleteachingandunlimitedchancesforstudy,butsoonhispeaceandquietnesswerebrokenbyWorldWarⅠ.Einsteinhatedfightingandgreatsufferingofwaraffectedhimdeeply,andhesatunhappilyinhisofficedoinglostinterestinhiswhenpeacecamein1918washeabletogetbacktowork.IntheyearfollowingWorldWarⅠhonorswereincreasinglyputonbecameheadoftheKaiserWhihemInstituteofTheoreticalhehimselfrefusedtheefforttoputhiminapositionfaraboveotherwaswellknownforhishumble(恭順的,謙遜的)oftensaidthathissuccesswouldcertainlyhavebeenachievedbyothersifhehadneverlived.In1921hewontheNobelPrize,andhewashonoredinGermanyuntiltheriseofNazism(納粹)whenhewasdrivenfromGermanybecausehewasaJew.seemstotheAmericanuniversitypresidentthat.

achievedmorethananyotherscientistsinhistoryunderstandsEinstein’sscientificideasnewviewoftheuniversecanbequicklylearnedbyeveryoneideasabouttheuniversearedifferenttodayfromthoseinthepastbecauseofEinstein答案：D解析：此題是推測(cè)題,正是由于愛因斯坦的理論,人們對(duì)宇宙的看法同以前相比發(fā)生了巨大的改變。1914and1918Einstein.

world-widepraisenochancesforstudydidnothinginhisofficecontinuedhisscientificresearch答案：C解析：由于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的影響,他無法開展工作。從文章中得知,直到1918年戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)結(jié)束他才又開始工作。didhisgreatestwork.

NazismrosehewasyoungWorldWarⅠheleftEurope答案：B解析：根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容,愛因斯坦在1914年由于他的杰出貢獻(xiàn)而聞名于世,而在1921年獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)。故選B項(xiàng)。DMostpeopleknowthatMarieCuriewasthefirstwomantowintheNobelPrize,andthefirstpersontowinit,fewpeopleknowthatshewasalsothemotherofaNobelPrizewinner.BorninSeptember,1897,IreneCuriewasthefirstoftheCuries’twowithnineotherchildrenwhoseparentswerealsofamousscholars,Irenestudiedintheirownschool,andhermotherwasoneofthefinishedherhighschooleducationattheCollegeofSévignéinParis.IreneenteredtheUniversityofParisin1914toprepareforadegreeinmathematicsandWorldWarⅠbegan,Irenewenttohelphermother,whowasusingX-rayfacilities(設(shè)備)tohelpsavethelivesofwoundedcontinuedtheworkbydevelopingX-rayfacilitiesinmilitaryhospitalsinFranceandserviceswererecognisedintheformofaMilitaryMedalbytheFrenchgovernment.In1918,Irenebecamehermother’sassistantattheCurieDecember1924,FredericJoliotjoinedtheInstitute,andIrenetaughthimthetechniquesrequiredforhissoonfellinloveandweremarriedindaughterHelenewasbornin1927andtheirsonPierrefiveyearslater.Likehermother,Irenecombinedfamilyandhermother,IrenewasawardedaNobelPrize,alongwithherhusband,in,alsolikehermother,shedevelopedleukemiabecauseofherworkwithradioactivity(輻射能).IreneJoliot-CuriediedfromleukemiaonMarch17,1956.wasIreneCurieawardedaMilitaryMedal?shereceivedadegreeinmathematics.shecontributedtosavingthewounded.shewontheNobelPrizewithFrederic.sheworkedasahelpertohermother.答案：B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后三句可知,居里夫人的女兒艾琳·居里之所以獲得軍人獎(jiǎng)?wù)率且驗(yàn)樗趽尵葌麊T方面做出了很多貢獻(xiàn)。didIreneCuriemeetherhusbandFrederioJoliot?theCurieInstitute.theUniversityofParis.amilitaryhospital.theCollegeofSévigné.答案：A解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段前兩句可知,艾琳·居里是在居里研究所遇到后來成為她丈夫的弗雷德里克·約里奧的。wasthesecondchildofIreneCurieandFredericJoliotborn?1932. 1927.1897. 1926.答案：A解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句可知,他們的第一個(gè)孩子出生于1927年,第二個(gè)孩子是五年后出生的,也就是1932年。whichofthefollowingaspectswasIreneCuriedifferentfromhermother?binedfamilyandcareer.wontheNobelPrizeonce.diedfromleukemia.答案：C解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知,艾琳·居里與自己的母親有很多相似之處,唯一不同的就是,她只獲得過一次諾貝爾獎(jiǎng),而母親獲得過兩次。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Asyougettogetherwithfriendsandfamilyforbirthdays,holidays,orothercelebrations,whynotcelebratetheenvironmenttoo?Herearesomesimpleideasforgreeningupyourfestivities(歡慶).Chooseeco-friendlyforgiftsmadewiththeenvironmentingivegiftsthatgetusedup,likesoap,food,orcandles.16Orgivethegiftofyourtime,suchasbabysittingorcomputerhelp.

Greenupyourgiftwrap(包裝).Insteadofspendingmoneyonstore-boughtwrappingpaperthatendsupinadustbin,makeyourownwrappingfromnewspaperorgiftbagsareanothergoodwaytopresentgifts.17

Decoratewiththeplanetinlightingcanbeabigenergyuser,sotrytofindefficient(高效的)lighting,suchasLEDlights.18Ifyoulightcandles,choosenaturalones.

Sendgreetingsthatreallycare.19Somepeoplekeepoldcards,cutthepicturesout,andusethesetomakenewstill,gopaperlesswithe-cards.

Reuseandyouplanyoureventorcelebration,keepinmindwaystoreducewaste,suchasusingrechargeablebatteries(可充電電池).Ifyoureceivegiftsyoucan’treturnoruse,passthemontosomeonewhocan.20

offtheoutdoorlightsbeforeyougotobed.couldalsogivegiftsthathelppeoplecutdownonwaste.youcandonatethemtosomeonewhoneeds.’realsoeasiertousethanwrappingpaper.’sourdutytoprotecttheenvironment.yourowncardsusingyourcomputerandrecycledpaper.’llbegladtoreceiveagift.答案：第二部分英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題;每小題分,滿分30分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Inhisyouth,Darwinwasanaveragestudent.21hewasabigalsowasaneager22,especiallyofbeetlesandbutterflies.(Heoncecarriedtwobeetles,oneineachhand,andthensawa23sointerestingthathedecidedtoputitinhismouth.)

24itcametimeforhighereducation,DarwinwenttoEdinburghinScotlandtostudyhesoonfoundthathecouldn’t25thesightofheleftandwenttoschoolattheUniversityofCambridgeinEngland26.Hewaspreparingtobecomeaminister,aprofessioninwhichbloodshouldn’tbea(n)27.

Hisheartwasnotin28,spenthistimeatCambridgecollecting29bugsandtalkingaboutsciencewithpeoplelikethegeologistAdamSedgwickandthebotanistJohnStevenssawthatDarwincouldbea30,andhelpedhimgetthechancetogoonalongsea31ofexplorationonashipcalledtheBeagle.

32thatship’sfive-yeartriparoundtheworld,Darwinobservedmany33oflifeandvariousgeologicalformationsandfossilsinSouthAmericaandislandsinthePacificOcean.34thetimethevoyageended,in1836,Darwinknewmoreaboutlifethananybodyelse.

Duringthistrip,Darwinsent35backtohewaswellknownasascientistwhenhe36.But37becomingaprofessor,Darwinmovedtothe38.Forsomereasonhewasalmostalways39withastomachcouldn’thelphim.(Eventoday,experts40whatdiseasehemighthavehad.)Sohelivedanisolatedlifewithhiswifeanddidexperiments,studiedplantsandanimals,readbooksandwrotepapersinthecomfortofhiscountryhome.

21. 答案：D解析：由上下文可知,前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。他是一個(gè)普通的學(xué)生,卻是一個(gè)讀書廣泛的人。 答案：A解析：聯(lián)系空后的“especiallyofbeetlesandbutterflies”及括號(hào)內(nèi)介紹他的故事可知,他喜歡收集生物。 答案：B解析：聯(lián)系上文“carriedtwobeetles”可知。 答案：C解析：聯(lián)系空后的“forhighereducation”及后文“DarwinwenttoEdinburghinScotlandtostudymedicine”可知,當(dāng)他需要更高的教育的時(shí)候…… 答案：D解析：聯(lián)系空后“thesightofblood”以及下文的“aprofessioninwhichbloodshouldn’tbea(n)”可知,他害怕血,不能忍受看到血。

答案：B解析：instead在這里表示轉(zhuǎn)折。由文意可知,他離開了這里到了英國劍橋大學(xué)。 答案：C解析：句意:他打算成為一名牧師,做了牧師后,血就不再是一個(gè)困擾他的問題了。 答案：A解析：句意:但是,他的心也不在宗教上。 答案：B解析：“collectingmorebugs”與后面的“talkingaboutscience”為順接關(guān)系,由此可知,他對(duì)收集更多的昆蟲和談?wù)摽茖W(xué)感興趣。 答案：A解析：聯(lián)系后文可知,亨斯洛幫助他進(jìn)行環(huán)繞全球的航海是想幫助他收集更多的生物標(biāo)本,因此他覺得達(dá)爾文能成為一名科學(xué)家。 答案：B解析：聯(lián)系下文“ship’sfive-yeartriparoundtheworld”可知,他去航海。 答案：D解析：后文介紹的是他在五年的航海期間所做的事情,因此選during。 答案：A解析：聯(lián)系空后的“andvariousgeologicalformationsandfossils”可知,他觀察了多種生物形態(tài)。 答案：C解析：聯(lián)系空后的內(nèi)容可知,等到航海結(jié)束的時(shí)候,他比任何人對(duì)生物都知道得多。 答案：A解析：句意:航海期間他不斷把自己的研究報(bào)告發(fā)回英國。out backaway out答案：B解析：后文講述的是他回到英國后發(fā)生的事情,因此選cameback。of withthan to答案：C解析：聯(lián)系后文的“Darwinmovedtothe”可知,他沒有做教授。

答案：D解析：聯(lián)系后文可知,他搬到了鄉(xiāng)村居住。 答案：A解析：由后文可知,他受到胃病的困擾。about aboutout of答案：B解析：句意:即使到了今天專家對(duì)他的病也在爭(zhēng)論不休。第Ⅱ卷第二部分英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分45分)第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題分,滿分15分)閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。In1957,JaneGoodalltravelledtosoonmetthewell-knownscientistLouisLeakeyandbeganworkingfor41.(he)asanlateraskedhertostudyagroupofchimps42.(live)byalakeinlittle43.(know)aboutwildchimpsattheLeakeybelievedthatlearningmore44.theseanimalscouldhelpexplaintheevolutionary(進(jìn)化的)pastofhumans.

JaneGoodallsaid,“Thatledtothisextraordinaryopportunitytostudy,45.justanyanimal,butwouldnot46.(hope)todomeanIhadnowasn’tqualified,Ithoughtdifferently.”

LouisLeakeythoughtJaneGoodallwouldbeaperfectcandidateforthe47.(spend)muchofhertimereadingandwritingabout,shewasnotatrainedbelievedthiswouldkeephermindopentonew48.(discovery).

49.(observe)chimpswasnoteasywereveryshy50.wouldrunawaywheneverJaneGoodallcamelearnedtowatchthemfromfarawayusingtime,sheslowlygainedtheirgavethechimpshumannamessuchasDavid,Graybeard,Floa