專業(yè)外語車輛工程課件

SpecialtyEnglish玄圣夷1.1AutomobileConstructionengine發(fā)動機carbody車身carframe車架brakesystem制動系統(tǒng)suspensionsystem懸架系統(tǒng)steeringsystem轉向系統(tǒng)powertrainsystem動力傳動系統(tǒng)clutch離合器transmission=gearbox變速器driveshaft=propellershaft傳動軸finaldrivegears主減速器differential差速器accessory附件heater供暖設備windshieldwiper風擋玻璃、刮水器combustion燃燒internalcombustionengine內(nèi)燃機combustionchamber燃燒室piston活塞connectingrod連桿crankshaft曲軸camshaft凸輪軸cylinder氣缸pushrod推桿1.2Layoutofanautomobilecarburetor化油器airfilter/cleaner空氣濾清器radiator散熱器silencer消聲器dynamo發(fā)電機universaljoint萬向節(jié)leafspring鋼板彈簧steeringbox轉向器timinggear正時齒輪kingpin主銷rollingradius滾動半徑brakedrum制動鼓brakedisk制動盤brakeshoes制動蹄brakecaliper制動鉗brakepedal制動踏板brakepad制動襯塊、制動摩擦塊wheelhub輪轂hydraulicsystem液壓系統(tǒng)lever杠桿linkage連接機構spline花鍵、用花鍵連接2.1Enginecarburetor化油器aircleaner空氣濾清器oilpickup機油集濾器oilpan油底殼in-lineengine直列式發(fā)動機opposedengine對置式發(fā)動機diesel柴油；gasoline汽油cylinderbore缸徑cylinderblock氣缸體2.1.2EngineBlockcrankcase曲軸箱diecast壓鑄；forge鍛造；weld焊接castiron鑄鐵；alloy合金；steel鋼molten熔化的、熔融的sandmold砂型；sandcore砂芯expansionplug膨脹塞frostplug冰凍安全塞oilgallery潤滑油道drill鉆孔cylinderliner/sleeve氣缸套drycylinderliner干式氣缸襯套wetcylinderliner濕式氣缸襯套portedcylinderliner孔式氣缸襯套waterjacket水套counterbore沉孔gasket/washer墊圈exhaustmanifold排氣管valveguide氣門導管sealring密封環(huán)bore孔、鏜孔、缸徑bored/boring鏜孔的boringcutter鏜刀alignbored同心鏜bolt螺栓；nut螺母；thread螺紋screw螺釘；capscrew有帽螺釘pressfit過盈配合、緊配合loosefit間隙配合、松配合thrustflange止推凸緣endwisemovement軸向運動counter-weight平衡重vibrationdamper減振器torqueconverter液力變矩器firingorder點火順序key鍵woodruffkey半圓鍵flatkey平鍵drawkey滑鍵spline花鍵keyway鍵槽2.1.4Pistonpistoncrown/head活塞頂部pistonskirt/bottom活塞裙部pistonpin活塞銷pistonpinboss/support活塞銷座pistonpinhole活塞銷孔pistonring活塞環(huán)pistonringgroove活塞環(huán)槽hardness硬度brittleness脆性compressionring壓縮環(huán)、氣環(huán)oilcontrolring油環(huán)flat-topped平頂domeshaped圓頂形irregularshaped不規(guī)則形狀ground磨；bore鏜；drill鉆lathe車；plane刨；polish拋光caseharden表面硬化tin-plated鍍錫；plate電鍍chrome-faced表面鍍鉻copperoxide-coated銅氧化涂層plasma-faced等離子表面2.1.5Valvevalve氣門valveguide氣門導管valveseat氣門座valvestem氣門桿valvelifter氣門挺柱valveclearance氣門間隙springretainer彈簧支座heatcapacity熱容量、比熱heatresistancemetal耐熱鋼bearingjournal軸頸timinggear正時齒輪3.1Clutchclutchpedal離合器踏板pedaltravel踏板行程clutchpressureplate離合器壓盤retainer傳力盤drivemember驅動部件drivenmember從動部件adjustingring調(diào)整環(huán)adapterring結合環(huán)frictionring摩擦環(huán)diaphragmspring膜片彈簧torsionalcoilspring扭轉螺旋彈簧antirattlespring減振彈簧releasebearing分離軸承releaselever分離杠桿clutch/releasefork分離撥叉pull-typeclutch拉式離合器servo伺服,伺服系統(tǒng)hydraulicfluidreservior貯液室hydraulicline液壓管路pilotvalve引導閥wearindicator磨損指示器exhaustport排放孔，排氣孔perimeter周邊，周長slot狹孔，縫，狹槽engage（離合器）接合shiftlever變速桿shiftrail撥叉軸shiftfork撥叉shiftblock滑塊retainer自鎖locks互鎖synchronizersleeves同步器嚙合套propellershaft傳動軸gearratio傳動比constant-meshgear常嚙合齒輪drivinggear主動齒輪aclusterofgear齒輪組rim齒圈coaxial共軸的、同心的、同軸的align使成一排、對中drain排出、排水3.4.1Axlesheavy-dutytruck重型載貨汽車drivingaxle驅動橋steeringaxle轉向橋traileraxle拖車橋axleshafts=axles驅動橋半軸differentialcarrierassembly差速器總成differentialcase差速器殼體rearaxleassembly后橋總成doublereductionaxle雙級減速驅動橋semi-floatingtypeaxle半浮式車橋fullyfloatingtypeaxle全浮式車橋differentialspider差速器十字軸differentialpiniongear差速器行星齒輪pinion小齒輪piniongear主動齒輪、小齒輪ringgear第一級從動齒輪、圈齒、齒圈spiralbevel螺旋錐齒輪；hypoidpinion準雙曲面小錐齒輪helicalspurpinion斜齒圓柱齒輪；explodedview分解圖、爆炸視圖cutawayview剖視圖universaljoin萬向節(jié)wheelhub輪轂thrustwasher止推墊圈、止推環(huán)grippingwheel驅動輪、附著輪、防滑車輪flange法蘭盤、凸緣uneven不平坦的、不規(guī)則的weld焊接harden淬火ground磨payload有效載荷controlarm控制臂ballsocket球窩、球座pivot樞軸cardan萬向接頭snapring卡簧needleroller滾針axlespace軸距greasechannel潤滑脂油道zerk加油嘴graphit石墨3.5SuspensionSystemequalizingbeam平衡梁torsionbar扭桿梁airbagspring空氣彈簧constantratespring等剛度彈簧leafspring鋼板彈簧shockabsorber減振器lockwasher鎖止墊圈springclip彈簧夾U-boltU形螺栓hangbracket托架hanger=shackle吊耳tandemdriveaxle串聯(lián)式驅動橋centerline中心線torquerod扭矩桿3.6.1ManualSteeringGearingwormandrollergear蝸桿滾輪式轉向器recirculatingballgear循環(huán)球式轉向器wormgear蝸輪、蝸桿spiralgroove螺旋槽sectorgear扇形齒輪screw螺釘ballbearing滾子軸承balljoint球形節(jié)銷ballnut球形螺母adjusterplug調(diào)整塞expansionplug膨脹塞roadfeel路感greasefitting潤滑油嘴3.6.2Front-endAlignmentfront-endalignment前輪定位kingpin主銷toein前束caster主銷后傾camber車輪外傾steeringaxleinclination轉向軸線內(nèi)傾spindle輪軸gravity重力centrifugalforce離心力rightangle直角positive正的tipping傾斜3.7BrakeSystemhydraulicbrakesystem液力制動系統(tǒng)mastercylinder制動主缸brakedisc制動盤brakedrum制動鼓brakepedal制動踏板brakeshoe制動蹄caliper制動鉗unloadingmechanism卸載機構、卸荷機構pull-backspring回位彈簧airbrakesystem氣壓制動系統(tǒng)pushrod推桿3.7.1AirBrakesystemcompressor空氣壓縮機brakechamber制動器室brakevalve制動閥checkvalve單向閥relayvalve繼動閥、中繼閥synchrovalve分路開關（同步閥）pressureprotectionvalve壓力安全閥supplyreservior貯氣室slackadjuster制動器調(diào)節(jié)臂parkingbrake駐車制動lining摩擦襯片brakepad制動襯墊primary/forward/leadingbrakeshoe制動器領蹄secondary/reverse/trailingbrakeshoe制動器從蹄slidingcaliperdiskbrake滑動卡鉗式盤式制動器floatingcaliperdiskbrake浮式卡鉗式盤式制動器rivet用鉚釘鉚接maintenance保養(yǎng)contaminant污染物returnspring復位彈簧3.7.2HydraulicBrakeSystemmastercyl