2022屆河南省許昌市、濟(jì)源市、平頂山市高三第三次質(zhì)量檢測英語試題

2022屆河南省許昌市、濟(jì)源市、平頂山市高三第三次質(zhì)量檢

測英語試題

學(xué)校:___________姓名：___________班級：___________考號：___________

一、閱讀理解

Lakesthatarecalledseas

Peoplearealwaysfullofimaginationtothedeepandmysterioussea.However,the

watersknownastheseaarenotalwaystheendlessseasweremember,butmayalsobe

beautifulormagnificentlakes.

AralSea

TheAralSeaisaninlandlakethatliestothenorthofUzbekistanandtothesouthof

Kazakhstan.Araloccupiedavastareaofabout68,000squarekmforalongperiodoftime,

butitsareahasbeenconstantlyreducingoverthepasttwocenturiesandtodayit'sbelievedto

belessthan10%ofitsoriginalsize.

DeadSea

TheDeadSeaislocatedbetweenIsraelandJordanintheJordanRiftValley.Itis

actuallyasaltlakeandoneoftheworld'smostsaltywaterbodies.Theelevation(海拔)of

theDeadSea'sshoresisthelowestanditalsoenjoysthelittleofbeingtheworld'sdeepest

hypersalinelake.Thehighsalinity(含鹽量),oftheDeadSeameansitdoesnotsupportlife,

hencethename.

SeaofGalilee

TheSeaofGalileeisafreshwaterlakewith"sea"initsname.Itisthesecond-lowest

lakeintheworldaftertheDeadSeawiththesurfaceelevationrangingfrom705feetto686

feetbelowsealevel.TheJordanRiveristheprimarysourceofwaterfortheSeaofGalilee.

Undergroundspringsalsofeedwatertothelake.

ErhaiLake

ErhaiinYunnanProvince,China,at1,972metersabovesealevel,coveringanareaof

250squarekilometers,isoneofthesevenbiggestfreshwaterlakesinChina.Itmeans"sea

shapedlikeanear"inChinese.Erhaiisreputedas"PearofPlateau".

1．Whichofthefollowingisbecomingsmallerandsmaller?

A．AralSea.

B．DeadSea.

C．SeaofGalilee.

D．ErhaiLake

2．What'sspecialabout"Deadsea"?

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A．Itisthedeepestlake.

C．Ithasthelowestshores.

B．Itisthemostsaltylake.

D．Itliesinadangerousvalley.

3．WhatisexactlythesametoSeaofGalileeandErhaiLake?

A．Size.

B．Shape.

C．Saltcontent.

D．Elevation.

Asaprofessorofarchitectureaimingathelpinghisstudentsunderstand3Dgeometry

(幾何),Ern?Rubikcreatedapuzzlethatwouldcapture(激發(fā))theimaginationofgenerations

tocome—theRubik'scube.TheRubik'scube,becameoneofthemostpopulartoysin

history,withmorethan350millionsoldtodate.

InthefirstthreeyearsthatthecubewaslicensedtoanAmericancompany,itsold100

millioncopiesaroundtheworld.Rubikneverimagineditwouldhavethatkindofappeal.

"Peopletendednottobuydifficultpuzzles,"heexplains.

ButtheRubik'scube,"madeitreallyfashionabletohaveapuzzle".

Today,RubikcontinuestoworkasaprofessorandisaboardmemberoftheRubik's

company.Heisalsoastaunch(忠實(shí)的)advocateforSTEM(science,technology,

engineering,andmathematics)andartseducationandencourageshisowncompanyand

otherstotakethelead.

"IprefertocallitSTEAM(science,technology,engineering,art,andmathematics)",

becauseIthinkartisanimportantpartofeducation.Thekeyisstartingearly,from

elementaryschool,andcontinuingonandon,"hesaid."Thissmallblueplanetanditsentire

interdependentpopulationdependsonfuturegenerationslearningthesesubjects.Iandmy

companyhavetriedtohelp.We'veintroducedthe'YouCANDotheRubik'sCube'courseto

hundredsofschoolsacrosstheUnitedStatesandareexpandingitelsewheretohelpstudents

tolearninanengaging,interactive,practicalway."

4．WhydidRubikinventedtheRubik'scube?

A．Toattractconsumers.

C．Tomakeanewpuzzle.

B．Toassisthisteaching.

D．Tochangeviewsonpuzzles.

5．WhatcanwelearnaboutRubik'scube?

A．Itisarteducationactually.

C．Itwasthemostpopulartoy.

B．Itisindeedaneasypuzzle.

D．Itwasabighittotheworld.

6．WhatdoesthetextmainlyintroduceRubikas?

A．Anartist.

B．Apuzzleplayer.

C．Aneducationist.

D．Acompany

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boss.

7．Whatdothelasttwoparagraphsmainlytalkabout?

A．RubikpopularizedSTEAMactively.

B．Rubiktriedtosellmoretoyproducts.

C．Rubikworkedhardonartseducation.

D．RubikpromotedRubik'scubecourse.

Back-to-backtyphoonsthatattackedreefs(礁)andturnedcoralsupsidedownhitin

2014and2015inAustraliasea,whichruinedthecoralecosystem.

Feeling"absolutelyshocked,"StephenSimpson,abiologistattheUniversityofBristol,

decidedtochannelhissorrowintoaction.In2017,hepiledupcoralremainstobuilddozens

ofnewsmallreefs.Heplacedspeakersnearbytoplayrecordingsmadewhenthereefswere

healthy."AsIwish,twiceasmanyyoungfishsettledonthereefsnearthesespeakers",he

says.

Inanewpaper,BrittanyWilliams,agraduatestudentattheUniversityofAdelaide,

reviewedprojectsthatusedsoundtohelprestoremarine(海洋的)ecosystems."Wewanted

toprovethatsoundhasgreatpotential",shesays.Thatpotentialarisesfromthefactthata

healthyoceanisnoisy:fishwhistle,dolphinsscream,andspinylobstersplaytheirfeelerlike

violins.Likethenoiseofabigcity,thefamiliarsoundofahealthyhabitatattractsyoung

creaturesthatareseekingapermanenthome.

Theexperimentsshowedthatsoundisoneofthesignalsbabyfishusetofindandsettle

onacoralreefafterspendingtheirfirstweeksswimmingintheopenocean."Werealizedthat

thefishmightbehearingtheirwayhome,"saysWilliams.

Inexperimentsbegunduringherpostgraduatedegree,Williamsputoysters(牡蠣)into

jarsandplayedsomeofthemarecordingfromawastelandwhereanoysterreefusedtobe.

Otheroysterswereplayednothing,whileathirdgroupheardthesoundofarestoredreef.The

oystersthatheardtherestoredreefwereabouttwiceaslikelyastheotherstosettleandattach

themselvesatthebottomofthejar.

8．WhatwouldSimpsonwanttoachievewhentakingactiononthereefs?

A．Playingrecordingsforfishes.

C．Creatinglargerandnewerreefs.

B．Makingtheseapeacefulagain.

D．Rebuildingthereefcommunity.

9．WhatisahealthymarineecosystemlikeinWilliams'sopinion?

A．Seaanimalsheartheirwayhome.

B．Reefsarestrongandlargeenough.

D．Seaanimalshavetheirpermanenthabitat

C．Theoceanisnoisywithvarioussounds.

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10．Whatmaybevitalforensuringthefutureoftheoceanaccordingtotheresearch?

A．Sound.

B．Reefs.

C．Climate.

D．Humans.

11．What'stheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage?

A．Tourgepeopletoprotectsealiferightaway.

B．Toshowthemagicuseofseaanimals'sound.

C．Tointroduceawaytorestoremarineecosystem.

D．Toremovetheworriesofecosystemgettingworse.

Today,about10%oftheworld'spopulationareleft-handed.Archeologicalevidence

showsthatit'sbeenthatwayforaslongas500,000years,withabout10%ofhumanremains

showingtheassociateddifferencesinarmlengthandbonedensity(密度),andsomeancient

toolsandartifactsshowingevidenceofleft-handuse.

Arecentmathematicalmodelsuggeststhattheactualrateofhandednessreflectsa

balancebetweencompetitiveandcooperativepressuresonhumanevolution.

Thebenefitsofbeingleft-handedareclearestinactivitiesinvolvinganopponent,like

combat(格斗)orcompetitivesports.Forexample,about50%oftophittersinbaseballhave

beenlefthanded.Why?Becauseleftiesareaminoritytobeginwith,bothright-handedand

left-handedcompetitorswillspendmostoftheirtimeencounteringandpracticingagainst

righties.Sowhenthetwofaceeachother,theleft-handerwillmoreprobablywinthis

right-handedopponent.

Theimbalanceinthepopulationresultsinanadvantageforleft-handedfightersor

athletes,butaccordingtotheprinciplesofevolution,groupsthathavearelativeadvantage

disappears.Ifpeoplewereonlyfightingandcompetingthroughouthumanevolution,natural

selectionwouldleadtomoreleftiesbeingtheonesthatsurviveduntilthereweresomanyof

themthattheywerenolongerrare.

Soinapurelycompetitiveworld,50%ofthepopulationwouldbeleft-handed.But

humanevolutionhasbeenshapedbycooperation,aswellascompetition.Ingolf,where

performancedoesn'tdependontheopponent,only4%oftopplayersareleft-handed.And

manyoftheimportantinstruments(器械)thathaveshapedsocietyweredesignedforthe

right-handedmajorityBecauseleftiesareworseatusingthesetools,andsufferfromhigher

accidentrates,theywouldbelesssuccessfulinapurelycooperativeworld,eventually

disappearingfromthepopulation.

試卷第4頁，共9頁

12．Whatinfluencestheactualrateofhandednessaccordingtothetext?

A．Thetotalpopulationinthearea.

B．Theinstrumentsinhuman'slife.

C．Human'sarmlengthandbonedensity.

D．Competitiveandcooperativepressures.

13．Whydoleftiesbenefitmoreincompetitivesports?

A．Becausetheypractiseharder.

C．Becausetheiropponentsarerighties.

B．Becausetheyarebetterprepared.

D．Becausehalfoftheathletesarelefties.

14．Whatcanweinferaboutleftiesfromthetext?

A．Left-handuseisnatural.

B．Leftieswinmoreinsports.

D．Leftiesdon'tlikecooperation.

C．Handednesschangeseasily.

15．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A．AretheLeft-handedMorePopular?

C．WillLeftiesDisappearintheFuture?

B．HowtheLeft-handedBenefitMore?

D．WhyAreSomePeopleLeft-handed?

二、七選五

IsItSafetoEatSnow?

There'snothingquitelikeafreshblanketofpure,whitesnow.Greatforsledding,

snowballs,fort-building—andmaybeevendessert?Beforeyoutakeabigbiteofthewhite

stuff,let'stalkaboutwhatcouldbeintheflakes(雪片).___16___.Whenitgetscold,

moisture(水分)intheairfreezesintotiny,beautifulcrystalsthatdriftdownfromthesky.

___17___.Forexample,ifsnowhasbeenremovedfromasidewalkorastreet,itmight

containrocksaltwithcertainchemicals,whichhelpicemeltatlowtemperature.

Unfortunately,thosechemicalscanalsomakeyousickifyoueatthem,soyoudefinitely

don'twanttoeatanysnowthat'sbeenshoveled(鏟掉).

Youshouldnevertakesmallbitesonanysnownearbirdfeedersoranimaltracks.

___18___,squirrels,birds,neighborhooddogsforexample,itmaycarrysomethingnotsafe

toyou.Brownsnowisofflimitsforthesamereasonyouwouldn'twanttotasteamudpie.

Andifthatsnowlooksyellow,well,let'sjustsayit'sunlikelytobelemon-flavored.

OK,sowhataboutfreshlyfallensnow?___19___.Butactually,becausesnowcantake

inpollutantsonthewaydown,thefirsthourortwoofasnowfallactslikeabrushfortheair.

Scientistshavefoundthatnewsnowcancontainstrangestuffincludingpesticides,ashesand

evendirt.

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Allofthesethingsarefoundatextremelylowlevels.Thatmeansit'stechnicallysafeto

eat.Butit'salsogoodtoknowthatifyoujustwaitafewhoursandthenhaveamealonthe

snowthatpilesupmidwaythroughastorm,you'llhavethebestchanceofeatingnothing

morethanpure,frozen,skywater.___20___!

A．Snowismostlywater

B．Let'stakeacloselook

C．Trynottohaveanytasteofthesnow

D．Butsnowcanalsocontainothersubstances

E．Becausesnowcanactlikeapathwayforanimals

F．Onebiteandyou'llbehopingspringnevercomes

G．Thatshouldbethesafest,yummiestfrozenwatertoeat

三、完形填空

ThescarsthatPatRribblecarriedthroughlifewereformednearly50yearsago,inflicted

(欺負(fù))byfellowstudentsinWoodland,who___21___himbecausehewasdifferent.

Patnever___22___orhadchildrenaftergraduating.Heneverhada___23___,onlya

seriesofjobs.Now65,Patappears___24___withhislonggrayhairandbeard,whomyou

mightcrossthestreetto___25___.But,totalkwithhimreveals(展現(xiàn)出)a___26___side.

Hespeaksquietly,measuringhiswordsto___27___hisweakness,forwhichothersonce

seizeduponto___28___him.

In2021,whenCareyJim,Pat'sclassmate,learnedPat___29___toattendhishighschool

class'sparty____30____he'dbeenhurtinschool,he____31____."Pathaditrougherthan

therestofus."Dayslater,CareyfoundPat's____32____andcalled.Patanswered."We

talkedaboutthe____33____things,andthegoodthingstoo,"Patsaid."Carey'sloveand

____34____caughtmeunexpectedly."Afterthat,Careyaskedallhis____35____tocallPat.

Andsotheydid.Theymadea____36____thattheywouldn'tlosetrackofPat,andtheyhave

____37____itforovertenyears.Everyweek,oneormoreofthemcallPattoseehowhe's

doing.

Therecoveryofthe____38____fromthepasthasallowedPattolooktothe

____39____."I'llbeatthenextparty,"hesays."Theseguys"Hepauses,stifling(強(qiáng)忍)

____40____."Let'sjustsaythateveryoneneedspeopleliketheseguysintheirlives."

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21．A．a(chǎn)mused

22．A．resisted

23．A．career

24．A．tough

25．A．hug

26．A．selfish

B．targeted

C．inspired

C．married

C．friend

D．criticised

D．a(chǎn)ppeared

B．regretted

B．family

B．cool

D．complaint

D．confident

D．follow

D．gentle

D．change

D．protect

D．refused

D．evenif

D．looked

C．optimistic

C．greet

C．brave

C．express

C．hurt

B．a(chǎn)void

B．mature

B．ignore

B．help

27．A．cover

28．A．fight

29．A．promised

30．A．a(chǎn)fter

31．A．feltgreat

disappointed

32．A．a(chǎn)ddress

B．expected

B．because

B．becameannoyed

C．decided

C．though

C．fellsilent

B．house

B．unbelievable

C．photo

C．unforgettable

C．kindness

D．number

33．A．unimportant

D．unpleasant

D．questions

D．colleagues

D．comment

D．promoted

D．wounds

D．truth

D．a(chǎn)nger

34．A．punishment

35．A．teachers

36．A．plan

37．A．kept

38．A．loss

39．A．past

40．A．tears

B．explanation

B．families

B．promise

C．classmates

C．require

B．discussed

B．weakness

B．future

B．joy

C．remembered

C．illness

C．situation

C．pain

四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號中單詞的正確形式。

Twovegetarianmealseachday.Amonthlybudgetof200yuan.Workingjustoneortwo

monthsayear.InApril,anInternet___41___(use)postedthisbriefdescriptionofhissimple,

stress-freelife.Hedescribedhisphilosophy___42___tangping."IcanbelikeDiogenes,who

sleptinhiswinecask(桶)inthesun,"hewrote.

Thepostspread___43___(crazy).Onsocialmedia,peopleshowedtheirapprovalof

tangpingbysharingpicturesofthemselves(and,often,theircats)___44___(lie)inbed.More

than60％ofover240,000respondentstoapoll(民意測評)onWeibo,saidtangpingwas

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theirideaofthegoodlife.

Tangping___45___(describe)alongingtoescapethepressureofmodernlifeinChina,

whereyoungpeople___46___(expect)toworklonghours,buyproperty,getmarriedand

havechildren.Manypeopleintheir20sand30sgrumble(抱怨)thathardworknolonger

rewardsthemwitha___47___(good)qualityoflife.Theyhaveadoptedanacademicterm,

neijuanor"involution",todescribehow