高考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí) 微訓(xùn)練 第49練 天氣與自然災(zāi)害類

第49練天氣與自然災(zāi)害類

高考高頻單詞與短語(yǔ)識(shí)記排查

單詞識(shí)記：

causedangerousdeathstorm

terribleblowclimate

terrify

floodfreezedisaster

forecast

shakeshelterstrike

cloudy

panicpourwarmthshower

短語(yǔ)掃描：

be/getcaughtin陷入；被困住

be/getstuckin卡?。幌萑?/p>

burn...totheground全部焚毀；燒為平地

clearup（天氣）轉(zhuǎn)晴；清理；解決

weatherforecast天氣預(yù)報(bào)

set...onfire/setfireto使,…??燃燒；放火燒“???

blowdown吹倒

dryup(河流、湖泊等）干涸

inruins成為廢墟；嚴(yán)重受損

becomeavictimto成為...的犧牲品

［跟蹤訓(xùn)練］

I.語(yǔ)境填詞

1.Ikeptmyfriendbackfromthe(danger)animal.

2.Hesuffered(terrible)allthroughhisillness.

3.Thetidalwaveformeda(terrify)wallofwater.

4.Fourofthemwalkedundera(cloud)skyandallendedupwalkingin

circles.

5.Theoldladyreceivedhimwithunusual（warm）.

II.單項(xiàng)填空

6.Ipreferatablethatcanbewhennotusedsothatitmaysavealot

ofspace.

A.clearedupB.foldedup

C.fixedupD.takenup

7.Thesharpfallofthestockmarketcauseda.

A.panicB.surprise

C.delightD.hit

8.Thefailurewasabigtohim,buthewasn'tdiscouragedandsoongot

asenthusiasticasever.（2015?福建，24）

A.blowB.issue

C.excuseD.factor

9.ShewantedtoaskifhehadnewsofWilliams,butwordsinherthroat

A.burstB.stuck

C.brokeD.settled

10.,Theplanwasin________justbecausepeoplewereunwillingtocooperate.

A.ruinsB.pieces

C.dangerD.trouble

知識(shí)運(yùn)用與閱讀能力專練

I.完形填空

（2016?天津市五校聯(lián)考）

HotlavaflowsdownaHawaiianmountainside.Fartheruptheslope,

volcanologist（火山學(xué)家）KenHonpickshiswayslowlyacrossthe1surface.Thehot

lava（巖漿）isslipperytowalkon."It'slikewalkingonice,“Honsays."But

thebottompartofyourbootsstartsto2alittle.You?11getburned3you

fall.”

Honplantshisfeetcarefullyandslowly.He's4dataonthelavaflowing

outofKilauea,avolcanothathasbeeneruptingsince1983.5thelava's

movementscansavelivesontheslopesbelow.ButHonmustbe6.Newwavesoflava

areflowingdowntowardhim.Everyfewminuteshelooksuptosee7thestreams

areandmakessurethe8lavahasn?tcutoffhisescaperoute.

“It's9outthere,liketheheatfromanoven,“Honsays."Upclose,

youhavetowearfirefighters'clothes10theclothesyou'rewearingdon't

catchfireormelt.”

“Backin1990,lavaenteredthetownofKalapana.Thelavamovedslowlybut

steadily,“Honsays."We11evacuate（疏散）peoplefromabout150homes.Thelava

12forwardandconsumedallofthehouses."13,everyoneescaped.Buttoday

Kalapanaisburiedunder30feetoflava.

Volcanoesaren?t14toHon.They?refascinatingandexciting."My15

thingistocomeoutattheedgeofalavalake.SometimesI'vehadtosleepwith

agasmaskon."Still,Honknowshowtokeep16andknowswhenthelavais

17.“Allofasudden,itgetsreallybrightinsideyour18!”hesays,

laughing.Butthe19isworthit,becausethemoreHonandotherscientistscan

20volcanoes,thesafertheycankeepthepeoplewholivearoundthesepowerful

forcesofnature.

1.A.calmB.frozen

C.flatD.rough

2.A.bendB.sink

C.meltD.fly

3.A.thoughB.because

C.ifD.unless

4.A.collectingB.providing

C.exchangingD.sharing

5.A.KnowingB.Stopping

C.FilmingD.Remembering

6.A.smartB.careful

C.silentD.creative

7.A.whereB.how

C.whichD.what

8.A.hardeningB.moving

C.coolingD.amazing

9.A.powerfulB.crowded

C.emptyD.hot

10.A.orB.while

C.butD.so

11.A.hadtoB.oughtto

C.shouldD.could

12.A.leanedB.inched

C.putD.looked

13.A.StrangelyB.Fortunately

C.HopefullyD.Gradually

14.A.similarB.interesting

C.scaryD.important

15.A.luckyB.main

C.worryingD.favorite

16.A.safeB.busy

C.comfortableD.quiet

17.A.differentB.distant

C.closeD.slow

18.A.bagB.tent

C.carD.house

19.A.changeB.view

C.resultD.danger

20.A.thinkofB.talkabout

C.learnaboutD.hearof

II.閱讀理解

Around200millionyearsago,theearthwas18degreeswarmerthanitisnow.That

mightbeabithotforhumans,butitwasjustrightforthegiantdinosaursthat

wanderedabouttheearthduringtheMesozoicera.Anewstudyfoundthatplant-eating

dinosaursmayhavecontributedtothewarmingoftheearthbyreleasingsignificant

amountsofmethane.

Thestudy,publishedinsciencejournalCurrentBiology,focusedonsauropods,

long-neckedherbivoresthatmunchedonthetopoftrees.Theywerethelargestof

thedinosaurs;foodbrokedownintheirstomachsforlongperiodsoftime.The

researchersestimatethatasauropodreleased2,675litersofmethaneper

day一addinguptoalargeamountofthegreenhousegasbeingpumpedfromdinosaur,s

gutintotheatmosphere.

Planteatersnaturallyreleasemethaneaspartoftheirdigestiveprocess.The

largertheanimal,themoremethaneitproduces.Methane,agreenhousegas,traps

heatandremainsintheatmosphereforapproximately9-15years,whichwarmsthe

atmosphere.

Today,someanimals,suchascattle,goatsandsheep,producelargeamountsof

methaneasaby-producttotheirfooddigestion.Methaneisalsoreleasedfrom

human-influencedsourcessuchaslandfill,agriculturalactivities,coalminingand

otherindustrialpractices,whichallcontributetotoday'sclimatechange,

accordingtotheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency.

Theresearchersestimatethatearth,ssauropodswouldhaveproducedabout520

milliontonsofmethaneperyear一similartothetotalamountofmethaneproduced

todaybynaturalandman-madesources.However,theresearcherswarnthattheir

numbersareestimatesbasedonmultipleassumptionsaboutthedigestivesystemsand

populationsofdinosaurs.

TheauthorofthestudyDavidWilkinsonsaystheemissionofmethanefrom

dinosaurswouldhavebeenjustoneofthecausesofwarmclimateduringtheMesozoic

era.Othercausesincludegasesproducedfromvolcanoes,swampsshallowseasandso

on.Still,Wilkinsonsays,“Theamountofmethanefromdinosaursislargeenough

tohaveameasurableeffect.”

21.Scientiststhinkdinosaursmayhaveledtotheglobalwarmingbecause.

A.theyateeverythingtheyfound

B.theyusuallyhadagoodappetite

C.theyreleasedalotofmethane

D.thereweretoomanydinosaursonearth

22.WhatdoweknowaboutdinosaursfromParagraph2?

A.Sauropodsfedonplants.

B.Sauropodswereofmediumsize.

C.Dinosaursusedtoliveontrees.

D.Dinosaursdigestedfoodquickly.

23.Whichofthefollowingactivitiesdoesn'tproducemethane?

A.Coalisdugoutbymachine.

B.Treesandflowersareplanted.

C.Goatsdigestgrassunderthetree.

D.Foodisbeingprocessedinthefactory.

24.Howdoestheauthormakehiswritingreliable?

A.Bylistingsomefacts.

B.Bymakingpredictions.

C.Bycitingfigures.

D.Byusingmindpictures.

25.DavidWilkinsonseemstobelievethat.

A.methanehadlittleeffectsontheearth

B.manyotherfactorscontributedtowarmclimate

C.othercausesforwarmclimatewereworthconsidering

D.dinosaursweremainlytoblameforglobalwarming

答案解析

高考高頻單詞與短語(yǔ)識(shí)記排查

跟蹤訓(xùn)練

I.1.dangerous2.terribly3.terrifying4.cloudy5.warmth

II.6.B［句意為：我更喜歡不用的時(shí)候能折疊的桌子，這樣能節(jié)省很多空間。clearup整

理，（天氣）轉(zhuǎn)晴，治愈；fixup準(zhǔn)備好，修理；takeup占據(jù)，開(kāi)始從事。foldup折疊，

符合題意，故選B項(xiàng)。］

7.A［causeapanic引起恐慌，符合句意。］

8.A［考查名詞辨析。句意為：這次失敗對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)是一次很大的打擊，但他沒(méi)有泄氣，很

快就變得和以往一樣有熱情了。blow打擊；issue問(wèn)題，議題；excuse借口；factor因素。］

9.B［句意為：她想要問(wèn)他有沒(méi)有威廉姆斯的消息，但是話在嘴邊就是說(shuō)不出來(lái)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)

境可知，話應(yīng)該是卡在喉嚨口，因此選擇B項(xiàng)，stick''卡住"，符合題意。burst爆發(fā)，

突然發(fā)出；break打破；settle解決，定居。］

10.A［句意為：計(jì)劃毀掉了，因?yàn)槿藗儾辉敢夂献鳌nruins毀掉，荒廢，成為廢墟，

符合句意。inpieces破碎；indanger在危險(xiǎn)中；introuble處于困境中，有麻煩。故選

A項(xiàng)。］

知識(shí)運(yùn)用與閱讀能力專練

I,完形填空

語(yǔ)篇解讀文章介紹了火山學(xué)家KenHon的工作情況及他講述的一次火山噴發(fā)的經(jīng)歷，讓我

們知道了這些偉大科學(xué)家對(duì)科學(xué)執(zhí)著的態(tài)度和對(duì)人類的巨大貢獻(xiàn)。

1.D［calm平靜的；frozen凍結(jié)的；flat平坦的；rough粗糙的。此處指火山學(xué)家KenHon

慢慢穿過(guò)粗糙的地表。因?yàn)榛鹕絼倗姲l(fā)過(guò)，所以地表是粗糙不平的。故選D。］

2.C［bend使彎曲；sink下沉；melt融化；fly飛行。此處指熱的巖漿還在往下流，鞋底

踩在上面有點(diǎn)融化。故選C。］

3.C［though盡管；because因?yàn)?；if如果；unless除非。此處指如果掉下去就會(huì)被燒

傷。故選C。］

4.A［collect收集；provide提供；exchange更換；share分享。此處指Hon在搜集流出

來(lái)的巖漿的數(shù)據(jù)。故選A。］

5.A［know知道；stop停止；film拍電影；remember記住。知道火山巖漿的運(yùn)動(dòng)能挽救

坡下的生命。故選A。］

6.B［smart聰明的；careful小心的；silent沉默的；creative創(chuàng)造性的。此處指Hon

必須小心，因?yàn)樾碌膸r漿浪頭向他流過(guò)來(lái)。故選B。］

7.A［句意為：每隔幾分鐘他就往上看看巖漿熱流到哪了以確保冷卻的巖漿沒(méi)有阻斷他逃

跑的路。此處where引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句表地點(diǎn)，故選A。］

8.C［hardening硬的;moving動(dòng)的;cooling冷卻的；amazing吃驚的。參考上題解析。

故選Co］

9.D［powerful強(qiáng)大的；crowded擁擠的；empty空的；hot熱的。此處指噴發(fā)出的巖漿是

熱的，像爐子散發(fā)出的熱。故選D。］

10.D［句意為：往上靠近必須穿消防服，因此你的衣服不會(huì)著火或融化。此處表因果關(guān)系，

故選D。］

11.A［haveto不得不；oughtto應(yīng)該；should應(yīng)該；could能，會(huì)。此處指由于巖漿慢

慢平穩(wěn)地移動(dòng)所以不得不疏散人們。故選A。］

12.B［lean傾斜；inch慢慢前進(jìn)；put放；look看。此處指巖漿慢慢前進(jìn)毀滅了所有的

房子。故選B。］

13.B［strangely奇怪地；fortunately幸運(yùn)地；hopefully有希望地；gradually逐漸

地。此處指人們已被疏散，所以說(shuō)幸運(yùn)的是人們都逃走了。故選B。］

14.C［similar相似的；interesting有趣的；scary提心吊膽的；important重要的。此

處指對(duì)于Hon來(lái)說(shuō)火山不是讓他提心吊膽的，而是迷人的和令人興奮的。故選C。］

15.D［lucky幸