聯合國國際貨物銷售合同公約逐句中英文對照

聯合國國際貨物銷售合同公約逐句中英文對照UNConventiononContractsfortheInternationalSaleofGoods-bilingualversionPreambleTheStatesPartiestothisConvention,Beingconvincedoftheneedtofacilitateinternationaltrade,Haveagreedasfollows:PartI-SphereofApplicationandGeneralProvisionsArticle1-SphereofApplication(1)ThisConventionappliestocontractsofsaleofgoodsbetweenpartieswhoseplacesofbusinessareindifferentStates:(a)whentheStatesareContractingStates;or(b)whentherulesofprivateinternationallawleadtotheapplicationofthelawofaContractingState.(2)ThefactthatthepartieshavetheirplacesofbusinessindifferentStatesistobedisregardedwheneverthisfactdoesnotappeareitherfromthecontractorfromanydealingsbetween,orfrominformationdisclosedby,thepartiesatanytimebeforeorattheconclusionofthecontract.(3)NeitherthenationalityofthepartiesnorthecivilorcommercialcharacterofthepartiesorofthecontractistobetakenintoconsiderationindeterminingtheapplicationofthisConvention.第一部分-適用范圍和一般規(guī)定第一條-適用范圍（1）本公約適用于在不同國家設有營業(yè)地的當事人之間的貨物銷售合同：（a）當國家是締約國；或（b）當私法規(guī)則導致適用締約國的法律。（2）當事人的營業(yè)地設在不同的國家，但是根據合同或者當事人在合同訂立前后的交往或者透露的信息，在任何時候都不表明這種事實的，應當不予考慮。（3）當決定適用本公約時，當事人的國籍、民事或者商事性質以及合同的民事或者商事性質均不應被考慮。Article2-InterpretationoftheConventionIntheinterpretationofthisConvention,regardistobehadtoitsinternationalcharacterandtotheneedtopromoteuniformityinitsapplicationandtheobservanceofgoodfaithininternationaltrade.第二條-本公約的解釋在解釋本公約時，應當考慮其國際性質和促進適用本公約的統一性以及在國際貿易中遵守誠信原則的需要。Article3-ContractstoWhichtheConventionDoesNotApplyThisConventiondoesnotapplytosales:(a)ofgoodsboughtforpersonal,familyorhouseholduse,unlesstheseller,atanytimebeforeorattheconclusionofthecontract,neitherknewnoroughttohaveknownthatthegoodswereboughtforanysuchuse;(b)byauction;(c)onexecutionorotherwisebyauthorityoflaw;(d)ofstocks,shares,investmentsecurities,negotiableinstrumentsormoney;(e)ofships,vessels,hovercraftoraircraft;(f)ofelectricity.第三條-不適用本公約的合同本公約不適用于以下銷售：（a）購買用于個人、家庭或者家用的物品，除非賣方在合同訂立前或者合同訂立時既不知道也不應該知道貨物是購買用于個人、家庭或者家用的；（b）通過拍賣銷售；（c）根據法律規(guī)定執(zhí)行或者以其他方式執(zhí)行的銷售；（d）股票、股份、投資證券、可轉讓票據或者貨幣；（e）船舶、艦艇、氣墊船或者飛機；（f）電力。PartII-FormationoftheContractArticle4-ParolEvidenceRule(1)Acontractofsaleneednotbeconcludedinorevidencedbywritingandisnotsubjecttoanyotherrequirementastoform.Itmaybeprovedbyanymeans,includingwitnesses.(2)Thepartiesmay,subjecttotheprovisionsofthisConvention,agreeinwritingorotherwisethatacontractforthesaleofgoodsisconcluded:(a)byofferandacceptance;or(b)inanyothermannerthatsufficientlyindicatesthatthepartiesintendtobeboundbysuchacontract.(3)Ifthepartiesdonotconcludeacontractinaccordancewithparagraph(2)ofthisarticle,nocontractisconcludedunlessthepartiesagreeotherwise.第二部分-合同的訂立第四條-口證規(guī)則（1）銷售合同不必在書面形式下訂立或者有書面證據，也不受任何形式的要求限制。它可以通過任何手段證明，包括證人。（2）除非本公約的規(guī)定另有規(guī)定，當事人可以書面形式或其他方式達成協議，一份貨物銷售合同包括：（a）要約和承諾；或（b）其他足以表明當事人擬訂合同。（3）如果當事人未按照本條第（2）項的規(guī)定達成合同，則除非當事人另有約定，否則不訂立合同。Article5-Offer(1)Aproposalforconcludingacontractaddressedtooneormorespecificpersonsconstitutesanofferifitissufficientlydefiniteandindicatestheintentionoftheofferortobeboundincaseofacceptance.(2)Aproposalissufficientlydefiniteifitindicatesthegoodsandexpresslyorimplicitlyfixesormakesprovisionfordeterminingthequantityandtheprice.第五條-要約（1）向一個或者多個特定人提出的達成合同的建議如果足夠明確，并且表明發(fā)出要約的人在接受的情況下有意被約束，則構成要約。（2）如果要約表明貨物，并明確或隱含規(guī)定或就確定數量和價格等問題作出了規(guī)定，則要約足夠明確。Article6-Acceptance(1)Acceptanceofanoffermustbemadebyastatementorotherconductoftheoffereeindicatingassenttotheoffer.(2)Anacceptanceiseffectiveonlyifitreachestheofferorwithinthetimehehasfixedor,ifnotimeisfixed,withinareasonabletimeaftertheoffer.(3)Anacceptancemaybewithdrawnifthewithdrawalreachestheofferorbeforeoratthesametimeastheacceptancewouldhavebecomeeffective.第六條-接受（1）接受要約必須通過陳述或者其他行為表示接受。（2）只有在達到要約方確定的時間內或者在適當的時間內達到要約方時，接受才是有效的。（3）如果撤回在接受生效之前或同時到達要約方，則接受可以被撤回。Article7-RevocationofOffer(1)Anoffer,evenifitisirrevocable,maybewithdrawnifthewithdrawalreachestheoffereebeforehehasdispatchedanacceptance.(2)Iftheofferallowsacceptancebyperforminganactwithoutacommunicationofacceptance,theoffermaynotberevokediftheoffereehascommencedperformance.(3)Anirrevocableoffercanonlyberevokediftherevocationreachestheoffereebeforehehasdispatchedanacceptance.第七條-撤回要約（1）即使要約是不可撤銷的，如果撤回在接受派發(fā)之前到達受邀方，則要約可以撤回。（2）如果要約允許通過未作接受通知的行為進行接受，則在受邀方已經開始履行之前無法撤回要約。（3）不可撤銷的要約只能在派發(fā)接受之前到達受邀方的情況下被撤回。Article8-InterpretationofStatementsandConductoftheParties(1)ForthepurposesofthisConventionstatementsmadebyandotherconductofapartyaretobeinterpretedaccordingtohisintentwheretheotherpartykneworcouldnothavebeenunawarewhatthatintentwas.(2)Iftheprecedingparagraphisnotapplicable,statementsmadebyandotherconductofapartyaretobeinterpretedaccordingtotheunderstandingthatareasonablepersonofthesamekindastheotherpartywouldhavehadinthesamecircumstances.第八條-當事人的陳述和行為的解釋（1）為本公約的目的，當事人的陳述和其他行為應根據其意圖進行解釋，如果另一方當事人知道或者不可能不知道其意圖是什么。（2）如果上述第（1）項不適用，則當事人的陳述和其他行為應根據與另一方當事人處于同樣環(huán)境的一個合理人會理解的方式進行解釋。Article9-StatuteofFraudsAcontractofsaleneednotbeevidencedbywritingandisnotsubjecttoanyotherrequirementastoform.Itmaybeprovedbyanymeans,includingwitnesses.However,anycontractofsalebetweenthepartiesthatisnotevidencedbywritingorbyanyothermeanssatisfyingtherequirementsofarticle11isnotenforceablebywayofactionorexceptionunlessthepartyagainstwhomenforcementissoughtadmitsthecontract.第九條-欺詐條款銷售合同不必由書面形式證明或以其他形式證明，也不受任何形式的要求限制。它可以通過任何手段證明，包括證人。然而，當事人之間的任何未能達成書面形式或滿足第十一條要求的其他形式的銷售合同，除非被追求履行一方承認該合同，否則不具有可執(zhí)行性。PartIII-SaleofGoodsArticle10-FormalRequirements(1)Acontractofsaleneednotbeconcludedinorevidencedbywritingandisnotsubjecttoanyotherrequirementastoform.Itmaybeprovedbyanymeans,includingwitnesses.(2)Anoffer,acceptanceoranyotherindicationofintentiontobeboundiseffectiveevenifitisnotmadeinorevidencedbywriting.第三部分-貨物銷售第十條-形式要求（1）銷售合同不必在書面形式下訂立或者有書面證據，也不受任何形式的要求限制。它可以通過任何手段證明，包括證人。（2）即使沒有書面形式的要約、承諾或者對被約束的任何其他表達，也都是有效的。Article11-WritingandContractFormation(1)Acontractofsaleneednotbeconcludedinorevidencedbywritingandisnotsubjecttoanyotherrequirementastoform.Itmaybeprovedbyanymeans,includingwitnesses.(2)However,wherethelawrequiresthatacontractofsalebeconcludedinorevidencedbywriting,orwherethepartieshaveagreedthatthecontractbeconcludedinorevidencedbywriting,acontractdoesnotfailtobeenforceableforthatreasonalone.(3)Acontractwhichisnotconcludedinorevidencedbywritingisnotinvalidforthatreasonalone.Theyshallbedeemedtohaveconcludedacontractonthetermssetforthintheirpreviouscommunications,unlesstheofferornotifiestheoffereethathedoesnotconsiderhimselfboundbytheoffer.(4)Theprovisionsofthisarticlemaynotbederogatedfrombytheparties.第十一條-書面形式和合同訂立（1）銷售合同不必在書面形式下訂立或者有書面證據，也不受任何形式的要求限制。它可以通過任何手段證明，包括證人。（2）然而，當法律要求以書面形式訂立或者證明銷售合同的存在，或者當當事人已經同意以書面形式訂立或者證明銷售合同時，銷售合同不因此未能執(zhí)行而無法執(zhí)行。（3）未在書面形式下訂立或者證明合同并不因此無效。如果要約方未在合理期限內通知承諾方其不認為自己受約束，則應被視為根據雙方之前的通信條款訂立了合同。（4）當事人不得擾亂本條的規(guī)定。Article12-FormationintheAbsenceofanOfferForthepurposesofthisConvention,ifthepartiesagreethatacontractistobeconcluded,butcontemplatethatthegoodsaretobemanufacturedorotherwiseproducedoracquiredbytheseller,thesellerisconsideredtohaveofferedtothebuyertosellthegoodsthatheisgoingtoproduceoracquire.Thebuyerisconsideredtohaveacceptedtheofferwhenheordersthegoods.第十二條-沒有要約的合同訂立在本公約的范圍內，如果當事人同意達成合同，但是考慮到貨物由賣方生產或者以其他方式獲取，賣方被認為是提出向買方銷售即將生產或者獲取的貨物的要約。當買方訂購貨物時，應視為買方接受了要約。Article13-TimeforAcceptanceAnoffer,evenifitisirrevocable,lapsesifitisnotacceptedinaccordancewiththetermsoftheofferorifnotimeisfixed,withinareasonabletime.Whatisareasonabletimeisaquestionoffactanddependsonallthecircumstancesexistingatthetimetheofferismadeor,ifatimeforacceptanceisfixed,atthetimetheofferisreceived.第十三條-接受時間如果未按要約表示的接受條件進行接受，即使要約是不可撤回的，其期限屆滿也即終止。如果沒有規(guī)定接受時間，應在適當的時間內進行接受。什么是適當的時間是事實問題，取決于要約發(fā)出時或者在接受時間規(guī)定時存在的所有情況。Article14-LateAcceptanceAlateacceptancebyoneofthepartiesisneverthelesseffectiveasanacceptanceifwithoutdelaytheotherpartyorallysoinformsthepartymakingtheofferordispatchesanoticetothateffect.第十四條-遲到的接受如果另一方當事人在適當的時間內口頭通知要約方或派送通知，說明是否接受該遲到的接受，則即使有一方當事人遲到接受，仍然是有效的。Article15-BattleofForms(1)Areplytoanofferwhichpurportstobeanacceptancebutcontainsadditions,limitationsorothermodificationsisarejectionoftheofferandconstitutesacounter-offer.(2)However,areplytoanofferwhichpurportstobeanacceptancebutcontainsadditionalordifferenttermswhichdonotmateriallyalterthetermsoftheofferconstitutesanacceptance,unlesstheof