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Unit4InterculturalAdaptationInterculturalAdaptationInterculturalAdaptation目錄ObjectivesUnit1Unit41Understandwhatcultureshockisandhowitoccurs234IdentifythesymptomsofcultureshockGainanenhancedabilitytoadapttoanewcultureUnderstandwhatyoushoulddoinanewcultureCONTENTS1Lead-inScenario234UnderstandingTextAEnhancingGlocalMindsetAssignmentPeriod1Lead-inScenarioLead-inScenario:CultureShockinOverseasStudyBackgroundinformationMs.Kongwasanoutstandingjuniorcollegestudent,whowaseagertogoandstudyabroadandexperiencelifeinanothercountry.In2017,shewenttoauniversityintheU.K.forone-yearstudyasanexchangestudent.Readandreflect:Uponarrival,whatkindoffeelingwillshehave?TheinitialexcitementShearrivedatheruniversitytwoweeksbeforethenewtermbegan.ForthefirstfewweeksintheU.K.,shewasbusyattendinganorientationprogramandvariousactivitiesoncampus,goingtodifferentplaceslikeshoppingmallsanddowntown,andmeetingnewfriendsandclassmates.Thoughshehadatightschedule,sheenjoyedeverythingsheexperiencedafterherarrival.Lead-inScenario:CultureShockinOverseasStudyReadandreflect:Whenwillcultureshockappear?CultureshockAfteraboutonemonth,whentheinitialexcitementsubsidedandherlifeandstudybecamemoreroutine,shewasnotasbusyasbefore.Atthatpoint,shewasalonemostofthetimeasfewpeopleinvitedhertogooutintheeveningorontheweekend,althoughshewouldhaveenjoyedsocializing.Sometimeswhensheaskedhernewfriendsforhelp,theyseemednotaswarmandenthusiasticasbefore.Allofasudden,shefeltthatherlifehadchangedovernight,butshehadnoideawhatwouldbecomeofherlater.Shebecameoverwhelmedwithstress,anxiety,anddepression.Shebegantofeeluncomfortable,worried,andimpatientalldaylongsoshemadephonecallstoherfamilyinChinaeverydaytoshareherfeelingswiththem.Whatwasworse,shecouldn’tsleepwellmostnightsandwouldfeeltiredandlostthroughouttheday.Lead-inScenario:CultureShockinOverseasStudyInterculturalTips:Cultureshockcomesfromthelossoffamiliarculturesorunmetexpectations.Thesymptomsofcultureshockarebothphysicalandpsychological.Whenthesesymptomshappentoyou,youshouldbeawarethattheprobablecauseiscultureshockandthis“shock”isanaturalreactionandcanbeavaluablepersonallearningexperience.OvercomecultureshockInordertohelphertoovercomedepression,hermothercametotheU.K.andstayedwithherforamonth.Thoughhersufferingwasalleviatedsomewhat,thesymptomsreappearedwhenhermotherwentbacktoChina.Shetriedeverythingshecouldthinkabouttofeellessdepressedandlonely,butnothingworked.Finally,shedecidedtoreturntoChinaafterfinishingonlyonesemesterintheU.K.Whenshereturnedhome,allthesymptomsshehaddevelopeddisappearedalmostimmediately.However,whenevershethinksortalksaboutherexperienceintheU.K.,shewouldstillexperienceadegreeofthesameoldanxiety.Lead-inScenario:CultureShockinOverseasStudyReadandreflect:CouldyouoffersomeadvicetoMs.Kongtodealwithhercultureshock?QuestionsforInterculturalUnderstanding1.Whichterm(s)canbeusedproperlytodescribetheexperienceofMs.KongintheU.K.?C.cultureshockD.culturaladaptation2.WhatlessonscanwelearnfromMs.Kong’sinterculturalexperience?A.Shedidn’tknowanythingabouttheculturaltransitionprocessandwasnotpreparedtoadaptherselftoanewculture.B.Anyonewhoplanstogoabroadforwhateverreasonsshouldreceiveinterculturaltrainingbeforehis/herdeparture.C.Interculturallearningisnecessarytopreparepeopleforcultureshockandhelpthemadapttoanewculture.D.TherearesomepeoplewhosepersonalitiesandexperiencesmakeitdifficultforthemtoadjusttonewsituationsLead-inScenario:CultureShockinOverseasStudyUnderstandingTextAreUnderstandingTextAA.GlobalUnderstandingReadthetextandanswerthequestions:Thisessayismainlyabouttheprocessofenteringanewculture.1.Whatistheessaymainlyabout?2.Generally,howmanystagesareincludedincultureshock?Andwhatarethey?Fourstagesareincludedincultureshock.Theyareeuphoria,disillusionment,adjustmentandintegration.UnderstandingTextAA.GlobalUnderstandingReadthetextandanswerthequestions:Thesojournerlearnstosolvetheproblemsofcultureshockthroughobservationandpracticalexperience.3.Whatdoesasojournerexperienceinthe“adjustment”stage?4.Whatcanwelearnaboutreversecultureshockinthelasttwoparagraphs?Reverseculturalshockisoftenmoresevereforthosepersonswhohaveadjustedmorefullytothehostculture.B.Understandinginterculturalpoints1.Itisimportanttoknowthatcultureshockanditssymptomsarenormalandaretobeexpectedincross-culturalimmersionexperiences.(Para.1)Interculturaltips:TheanthropologistDr.KalveroObergwasthefirsttousethetermcultureshock.Othershavesinceexperimentedwith“culturefatigue”and“roleshock”butthesehavenotbeenmadeintoeverydayusage.Cultureshockissnappyandsomehowweallknowwhatitmeanstous,althoughifasked,wemayfinditasdifficulttodefineas“jetlag”or“homesickness”.Someresearchersdescribefivestages;othersbelieveitisasixstageorevenseven-stageprocess.Noteveryoneexperiencestheexactstagesbutmostsojournerswillgothroughthehighsandlows,thepositiveaswellasthenegativeaspectsoflivinginanewculture.UnderstandingTextAB.Understandinginterculturalpoints2.Travelerssometimesgohomebeforetheyhaveprogressedtothenextstage.(Para.3)Interculturaltips:Travelersusuallydon’thavetoexperiencethesecondstageofcultureshockbecausetheirstayinthenewcultureisnotlongenough.Usuallyittakesalongertimeintheforeignenvironmenttoexperiencethefullstagesofcultureshock.UnderstandingTextAB.Understandinginterculturalpoints3.Thesecondstageisusuallyadownturnasdisillusionmentandfrustrationarise.Thisisusuallythestagepeoplerefertowhentheyusetheterm“cultureshock”.(Para.4)Interculturaltips:Generallyspeaking,thisisthestageofyour“cultureshock”asmoreproblemsanddifferencesbegintohappentoyou.UnderstandingTextAB.Understandinginterculturalpoints4.Thethirdstageisadjustment.Astheexpatriateseesbothsidesandlearnsmoreabouthowtheothercultureworks,heorsheisabletocooperatemoreeffectivelywithmembersofthehostculture.?(Para.7)Interculturaltips:Thisisastageatwhichthesojourners,havingexperiencedconsiderablechallengesinthenewculture,makeconsciouseffortstolearnandadapt.UnderstandingTextAB.Understandinginterculturalpoints5.Oftenlinguisticfluencyaccompaniesthisstage.Nowthesojournerisabletoidentifywiththehostculture.Businesseswhoseemployeesachieveintegrationinanotherculturemayfeelatrisk.Theymayworrythattheemployee,whoisnowathomeinanotherculture,doesnottotallyrepresentthemanymore.(Para.8)Interculturaltips:Thisstage(thefourthstage--integration)isalsoreferredtoastheacceptanceoradaptationphaseinwhichtheexpatriatefeelsathomeinthenewcultureandmayadoptthenewculture’sstyleofdoingthings.Thatisoneoftheconcernsofbusinesseswhentheysendtheiremployeestoworkinanothercountry.UnderstandingTextAB.Understandinginterculturalpoints6.Anextremeformis“goingnative”,inwhichtheexpatriateidentifiestotallywiththeforeignculture.(Para.8)Interculturaltips:Goingnative”means“givingupone’sownculture”,whichisnotencouragedininterculturaladaptation.UnderstandingTextAUnderstandingTextA7.Asimilaradjustmentperiodanditsaccompanyingsymptomsusuallyoccurwhenasojournerreturnshome.Thisisoftencalledreversecultureshock.(Para.11)Interculturaltips:Itisalsocalled“reentryshock”,andtheabovementionedfourstagesoccuronceagain.Althoughthereadjustmenttoourowncultureiseasierandfaster,cultureshockisagaininevitable.B.UnderstandinginterculturalpointsC.Comprehensionandlanguagepoints1.Itisthesenseofdislocationthatresultsfromfindingoutthatthereareinadequaciesinyourunderstandingandyourmentalroadmapfornavigatingthisnewculture.(Para.4)Inthesecondstage,yousometimesfailtofigureoutwhypeopleofthisnewculturespeakorbehaveinthatparticularway.Thiskindofincompetencemakesyoufeelataloss.UnderstandingTextA2.Mostsojourners4experiencepsychologicalsymptomsofcultureshock.
(Para.5)AscitedintheBritishdictionary,“sojourn”isdefinedasbothnoun(atemporarystay)andverb(tostayorresidetemporarily).Thus,“sojourner”,asacultureterm,isdefinedas“apersonwhostaysforatimeinaplaceorlivestemporarily”,suchasanoverseasstudent,ajournalist,adoctor,anartist,ateacher,adiplomat,oraninternationalbusinessperson,etc.whotemporarilyrelocatesabroadforafewyearsormonths.UnderstandingTextAC.ComprehensionandlanguagepointsC.Comprehensionandlanguagepoints3.Thefourthstage,integration,occurswhenanexpatriatebecomesfluentenoughintheotherculturetomoveeasilywithinitandnotbethrownbythedifferentattitudes,beliefs,andvaluesandthebehaviorstheygenerate.(Para.8)UnderstandingTextAThefourthstage,integration,happenswhenanexpatriatebecomesfamiliarwiththenewculture,knowinghowtocopewithdifferentsituationsandisnolongerconfusedwiththedifferentattitudes,beliefs,andvalues.He/Sheunderstandswhypeopleoftheotherculturebehaveinthewaytheydo.4.
Furthermore,thelongeronestays,themorecyclesonegoesthrough.(Para.9)UnderstandingTextAIfpeoplestayinanewcultureforalongtime,theymayexperiencethefourstagesofcultureshockcontinuously.Thissentenceindicatesthatculturalintegrationisnotalinearprocess,butadynamicone.C.ComprehensionandlanguagepointsUnderstandingTextA5.Itmaybethataninverserelationshipexistsbetweeneaseofadjustmenttolivinginanunfamiliarcultureanddegreeofreversecultureshock:theeasieritistoadjustinitially,theharderitistoreadjusttohome(Para.12)Thedegreeofcultureshockandreversecultureshockappearsinanoppositeway.Ifyoufinditeasytoadapttoanewculture,itmightbehardtoreadjusttothehomeculture.C.ComprehensionandlanguagepointsEnhancingGlocalMindsetEnhancingGlocalMindsetInterculturalAdaptationTipsforStudyingAbroadXiaodongLin,aprofessoratColumbiaUniversity,interviewed35Americanuniversityprofessorsandaskedthem“WhatskillswouldyouadviseChinesestudentstodevelopsothattheycansucceedacademically?”Basedontheanswersoftheprofessors,threeessentialskillsarehighlighted.BackgroundinformationReadandreflect:Couldyoufigureoutwhattheyare?
EnhancingGlocalMindsetTipone:writingskillsWhydoChinesestudentsfindwritingespeciallydifficult?TheirEnglishproficiencydoeslimittheirwritingskills,buttherearetwomoreimportantfactors:aneedforextensivereadingandtheabilitytothinkcritically.Inaddition,thelackofworkandsocialexperiencealsomakesitdifficultforChinesestudentstocombinetheorywithpracticewhenwritingpapers.Readandreflect:Doyouagreewiththis?Somesayit’sbecauseofthedifferentthinkingpatternsbetweenChineseandEnglishspeakers.WhatdoyouthinkarethereasonsforChinesestudents’poorwritingability?InterculturalAdaptationTipsforStudyingAbroadEnhancingGlocalMindsetTiptwo:theabilitytoaskquestionsandthinkcriticallyTheprocessofaskingquestionsallowsustothinkaboutwhetherwhatwearereadingisarticulatedclearly,logically,andwhetherthereareother,moreappropriatewaystoconveyinformation.Thisiswhysimplerecordingandtranscribingcanonlyresultinsuperficialunderstanding,whileaskingquestionsorcritiquingcanleadtodeeperthinking.Whyisaskingquestion
academicallyimportant?InterculturalAdaptationTipsforStudyingAbroadEnhancingGlocalMindsetTiptwo:theabilitytoaskquestionsandthinkcriticallyAskingquestionsplaysanimportantroleineffectivesocialcommunication.Firstofall,askingquestionscanhelpbothpartiesinaconversationfindcommonground,whichisespeciallyimportantincollaborationorteamwork.Secondly,askingquestionshelpstocontrolthetopic.Lastly,askingquestionscanmakethepurposeofcommunicationmoreclearandthecommunicationprocessmoreeffective.Whyisaskingquestion
sociallyimportant
?Readandreflect:WhydoChinesestudentshesitatetoaskquestions?DoesithavetodowithChineseculture,say,thefearof“l(fā)osingface”orshyness?InterculturalAdaptationTipsforStudyingAbroadEnhancingGlocalMindsetTipthree:Presentationandcommunicationskills,especiallywithprofessorsandclassmates.“Neverspeakupuntilyoucomeupwiththerightanswer.”“Speakingyourmindwithoutthinkingtwicemakesyoulookshallow.”“I'mtooshytosayitwhenIfindmyanswersaredifferentfromothers.”Readandreflect:Whatvaluesarereflectedfromthestudent’sresponsethat“I’mtooshytosayitwhenIfindmyanswersaredifferentfromothers”?ThisremindsusofanotherChinesesaying:shootthebirdwhichtakesthelead.InterculturalAdaptationTipsforStudyingAbroadEnhancingGlocalMindsetTask11.WhatsuggestionswouldyougivetoChinesestudentstohelpthembetteradapttothechallengesofstudyingataWesternuniversity?Thinkingpatterns(1)Settherighttone.ProfessorsatWesternuniversitiesappreciatestudentswhoareengaged,thoughtful,active,andnotafraidtoexpressthemselves(respectfully,ofcourse)bothintheclassroomandoutside.So,trytosettheright,positivetonefromthefirstclass.ThelastthingaWesternprofessorwantstoseeisastudentwhositsthroughoutaclassorworse,throughoutasemester,withouteveraskingaquestionorcontributinganythingtothelivelyclassdiscussion.However,although“thereisnosuchthingasastupidquestion”,asthesayinggoes,itwouldbewisetopreparetwoorthreewell-thought-outquestionsbeforeclass.Inthatwayyouwouldnotappeartobethoughtlessorevenflippantwhenyouaskquestions.EnhancingGlocalMindsetTask11.WhatsuggestionswouldyougivetoChinesestudentstohelpthembetteradapttothechallengesofstudyingataWesternuniversity?Thinkingpatterns(2)Reachouttoyourprofessorduringhis/herofficehours.Westernprofessorsarerequiredtohaveofficehourseveryweek.Goandintroduceyourselftotheprofessor;askquestionsaboutanassignment;discussacourse-relatedtopic;buttrynottostaytoolongandchitchatbecauseprofessorsarebusypeople.EnhancingGlocalMindsetTask11.WhatsuggestionswouldyougivetoChinesestudentstohelpthembetteradapttothechallengesofstudyingataWesternuniversity?Thinkingpatterns(3)Beagoodlistenertoo.Listenattentivelywhentheprofessorlecturesandwhenyourclassmatesaskquestionsand/orgivetheirinterpretations(evenwhenyoudisagree).Don’tbestubborn.It’sgoodtohaveyourownthoughtsandopinions;however,itisnotgoodtobestubbornandtrytowineveryargument.Beopen-mindedandrespectfultodifferentperspectives.Ifyousettherighttoneatthebeginningofasemesterandremainactivelyengagedclassafterclass,youwillbecomemoreconfidentandfinditeasiertospeakupandcontributetothelearningexperience.Youmayevenbegintoenjoyandlookforwardtoeachclass.EnhancingGlocalMindsetTask12.Whatdoyouexpectyourcollegeoruniversitytodotohelpstudentsbetterpreparebeforetheygoandstudyabroad?ThinkingpatternsManyChinesestudentsarenotfullypreparedfortheiroverseasstudy.SoChinesecollegesanduniversitiesshouldofferinterculturaltrainingbeforetheirstudentsgoabroad,andinterculturalcommunicationshouldbeintegratedintothecurriculum.Assignment
AssignmentAfterclasspleasereadTextAagain,andfinishtheexercisesinthispart.Reviewtheinterculturaltipsandlanguagepointswehavelearnedinclass.CONTENTS1InterculturalPuzzle234Comprehending&AcademicWritingFollow-upProjectPeriod2UnderstandingCulturalDiversityInterculturalPuzzle
InterculturalPuzzleWhytheSeminarIsSuchaPainBackgroundinformationProfessorLin,Chinese,afacultymemberofTeachersCollege,ColumbiaUniversity,isanexpertoncognition,culture,andtechnology,andhasbeennamedDirectoroftheAdvisoryBoardofResearchforChina’sNewNationalResearchCenterforEthnicMinorityandMulticulturalEducationXiaoYang,oneofthe100graduatestudentsfromChinawhohavejustbeenadmittedtoTeachersCollegeofColumbiaUniversitythisyear.
InterculturalPuzzleDifficultiesXiaoYanghasencountered2.“Iwasbusylisteningtowhattheyweresaying.Imanagedtocomeupwithsomeanswersbymyself,butthebellrangattheendoftheclass.Well,IfeelsostupidthatIdon’tknowhowtoreplytoothers.”??1.“MyAmericanclassmatesareverygoodatexpressingthemselvesandIwaslisteningtothemaskingquestionsanddiscussingthingsallthetime.I,ontheotherhand,couldn’tgetawordinedgewise.?”Readandreflect:1.Whatkindsofskillsareneededsothatshecanjoinintheirdiscussion?2.Whydoesshedislikeclassdiscussionandwhatisthecauseofherunease?WhytheSeminarIsSuchaPain
InterculturalPuzzleXiaoYang'ssolution“ProfessorLin,Ihavecometoyoutotellyouaboutmydifficulties,becauseyouareChinese,andIsupposeyouwillunderstandmydifficulties.IfyouwereanAmericanprofessor,I’djustdropoutandtakeacourseI’mmoreusedto.”?Readandreflect:Whydoesshethinklikethat?WhytheSeminarIsSuchaPain
InterculturalPuzzle
1.“MostChinesestudentsarehardworkingandobedient.TheywilltrytheirbesttofinishanyhomeworkIgivethem.However,theyjustwritedownwhatItellthemorwhatthebooksays.Theyaretoousedtoretellingotherpeople’sopinionstotelltheirownstoriesorformtheirownopinions.That’sthebiggestproblem—noopinionofyourown.”---Voli,DepartmentofEconomics,NorthwesternUniversity,DifficultiesChinesestudentsoftenencounteredinclasses:
ResponsefromAmericanprofessorsReadandreflect:How'sthesituationinChineseuniversities?
InterculturalPuzzle
DifficultiesChinesestudentsoftenencounteredinclasses:
ResponsefromAmericanprofessors2.“NomatterhowmuchIencouragemyChinesestudents,theyjustdon’ttalk!ThequietestgroupinmyclassmustbeChinesestudents.Theydon’ttalk,andI’mnotsuretheyunderstandwhatI’msaying.”---Levin,UniversityofArizona3.“MyChinesestudentstalktomeonlyaftertheygetlowgrades,Infact,theyshouldhavecomeearliertodiscusswithmehowtogethighmarks.Ireallydon'tunderstand.Theydon'tseemtohavemuchcontactwithprofessorsoutsideofclass.Theycouldusetheseopportunitiestocommunicatebetter”---Gomez,theGraduateSchoolofEducation,UCBerkeley.
InterculturalPuzzleB.Analyzetheissueinthecase1.WhatchallengesdoChinesestudentsencounterinAmericanclassrooms?References:TheculturaldifferencesbetweenChinaandAmericalieinmanyaspects.Firstly,the“teacher–student”interactionandtherelationshipsbetweenastudentandaninstructoraredifferentinthetwocountries.Secondly,theAmericansystemencouragesstudentstoraisequestionsdirectly,andcollaborateandcommunicatewiththeirclassmatesandteachers.Thirdly,criticalthinkingandoriginalityarehighlyvaluedinAmericaneducationsystem.Becauseofthesedifferences,ChinesestudentsinAmericamayencountersuchchallengesaspoorcommunicationandpresentationskills,poorcriticalthinkingability,theignoranceofdifferentcommunicationstylesanddifferentteachingmethodsandlearningmodes,languagebarriers,etc.WhytheSeminarIsSuchaPain
InterculturalPuzzleB.Analyzetheissueinthecase2.WhatshouldChinesestudentsdonowiftheyplantostudyabroadorparticipateinanexchangeprograminthenearfuture?References:Forstudents,interculturalstudyandtrainingarenecessarytoraisetheirculturalawareness.ThestudentsshouldbeawarethatsomeacceptablebehaviorsinChineseclassroomsmaybeconsideredgrosslyinappropriateinanothercountry.Wehopethatthistextbookandcoursesininterculturalcommunicationwillhelpstudentsbewellpreparedfortheiroverseasstudy.WhytheSeminarIsSuchaPainComprehending&AcademicWriting
Comprehending&AcademicWritingReferenceanswersforTextA:ACDBCBA.ComprehendingandReflectingReferenceanswersforTextB:ABBBBD
Comprehending&CheckingConceptsB.PracticingAcademicWritingReferenceAnswers:Thefourstagesofcultureshockinevitablyhavedifferentsymptoms.EuphoriaisthesymbolofStageOne.ThencultureshockarisesatStageTwo,whereaninadequateunderstandingofthealiencultureleadstoaseriesofunpleasantsymptoms.Aftermonths,intheadjustmentstage,somedifficultproblemscanbesolvedeffectively.Whencomingtotheintegrationstage,sojournersgetusedtothenewcultureandarecomfortableinit.Insum,allthefourstageswillbeexperienced.Therefore,makingadequatepreparationsisimportanttoadaptandintegrateintothenewculture.Similarly,whenreturningtoone’shomeculture,reversecultureshockalsooccurs,whichissometimesanevenmoredifficultadjustmentthantheoriginalcultureshockexperienced.UnderstandingCulturalDiversity
UnderstandingCulturalDiversityInterculturalTrainingIntoday’sglobalizedworld,moreandmorepeoplegotoothercountriesfordifferentpurposes,e.g.,tofurthertheireducation,topursuenewcareeropportunities,torepresentbusinesscompaniesabroad.Inevitably,thesepeoplewillencounterculturaldifferencesintheirdailyinteractionwithpeopleofthehostcountryandwithpeoplefromothercountries,suchasbeliefs,values,andcommunicationstyles.Theseculturaldifferencescanbecomeobstaclesandmakeitdifficultforthemtoachievetheireducational,career,orbusinessobjectivesforgoingabroad.Westronglybelievethatgiventhechallengesandwhatisthestake,itisofcriticalimportancethatwedevelopandimplementsensibleandeffectiveinterculturaltrainingprogramstohelpthesepeoplebetteradapttothenewculturalenvironmentsothattheycansucceed.Backgroundinformation
UnderstandingCulturalDiversityInterculturalTraining:threecommonmisconceptions1.Whatisthefirstcommonmisconceptionabout?Thefirstisthebeliefthattheinterculturalfieldismerelyacademicandhasnothingtocontributetotherough-and-tumbleofbusinessdealingsandotherfeaturesof“reallife”.
2.Whoaremostlikelyinvolvedininterculturalcommunicationasindividuals?Allindividualswhointeractwithawidevarietyofothers—businesspeople,diplomats,educators,refugees,missionaries,soldiers,exchangestudents,andthefamilymembersofallofthesementionedabove.
UnderstandingCulturalDiversity3.Whatisthesecondcommonmisconceptionabout?Thesecondcommonmisconceptionisthatinterculturalworkismerelyaboutetiquetteandactingagreeablyinpolitecompany.4.Broadly,whatarementionedduringthedeliveryofinterculturalservices?Do’s-and-don’tsofetiquetterepresentonlyatinyfractionofwhattheinterculturalfieldisallabout.Emphasizedfarmore,however,aredifferencesamongtheculturesintermsofassumptions,values,habitsofperceptionandthought,andpatternsofsharedbehavior.InterculturalTraining:threecommonmisconceptions
UnderstandingCulturalDiversity5.Whatisthethirdcommonmisconceptionabout?Thethirdcommonmisconceptionisthathostculturelearningismoreimportantinaninterculturaltrainingprogram.6.Whatisusuallymissedoutinhostculturaltraining?Hostculturetrainingwillfocusonacquiringknowledgeofthehostcountryoftheirstudyorworkassignment,suchasitspolitics,history,economics,society,habits,customs,taboos,
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