H11聯(lián)盟大聯(lián)考2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期4月期中英語試題（解析版）

2025年4月高二期中聯(lián)考英語1.答題前，先將自己的班級(jí)、姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)寫在試題卷和答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證條形碼粘試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3.非選擇題的作答：用簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)，寫在試題卷、草稿紙和4.考試結(jié)束后，將答題卡上交。做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C.1.Whatdidthemantakeagoodphotoof?A.Aflower.B.Abutterfly.C.Abee.2.Whatwillthewomandotonight?A.Watchamovie.B.EatItalianfood.C.GotoMaggie’shouse.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Theweatherreport.B.Theniceapartment.C.Theconstructionprogress.4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inahotel.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inashoppingcenter.5.Whydoesthewomanaskforarecommendation?第1頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)A.Forabirthdaytreat.B.Foracompanyouting.C.For第1頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)第2頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。6.Whattimeisitprobablynow?A.4:40.B.5:00.C.5:10.7.Whatisthemangoingtodofirst?A.Goupstairs.B.Seeamovie.C.Buysomeclothes.8.Howdoesthewomansoundinthebeginning?A.Grateful.B.Excited.C.Curious.9.Whatisthewomangoingtodoonthe28th?A.Seeafriend.B.Holdaparty.C.Attendameeting.10.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Makeareservation.B.Contacthercolleague.C.Checkheremail.11.Whatisthewoman’sattitudetowardrentingthethirdflat?A.Supportive.B.Unconcerned.C.Negative.12.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Husbandandwife.C.Houseagentandcustomer.13.Whatisthemanmostsatisfiedwithaboutthesecondflat?A.Itsprice.B.Itssize.C.Itslocation.14.Whendoesthewomanwantthemantovolunteer?A.OnJuly6th.B.OnJuly7th.C.OnJuly12th.15.Whatcolorclotheswillvolunteerswear?A.Red.B.Blue.C.Purple.16.Whatwillvisitorsdofirstaftersigningin?A.Listentoatalk.B.Tourresidentialbuildings.C.Gotodifferentdepartments.17.Whatwillthemananswerquestionsabout?第3頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)A.Housingoptions.B.Moneymanagement.C.Threeweeks.18.Howlongdiditrain?A.Aweek.B.Twoweeks.C.Threeweeks.19.Whatdidtheathleticteamsdoforthefloodvictims?A.Theyraisedmoneyforthem.B.Theydonatedclothestothem.C.Theyprovidedthemwithlunch.20.Whatimpressedthespeakerdeeplyabouttheexperience?A.Thegovernment’ssupport.B.Thestudents’creativity.C.Thecollegecommunityspirit.AHesitateoverwhattobuy?Ourproducts,tailoredfordiverseneeds,aredefinitelyfavorablechoices.Stauer’sSurvivalBoxStauer’sSurvivalBoxisanear-guaranteeyou’llbeuptoanyoutdooradventure.Thestainlesssteelmultitoolofferswirecutters,knife,file,andmuchmore.Thepowerfulflashlighthasthreedifferentsettings,andthetacticalloopwatchisareliable,water-resistanttimepiece.CaliforniaresidentspleasecallregardingProposition65regulationsbeforepurchasing.HandcraftedMuranoGlassButterflyPendantHomemadeinItaly,eachpendantshowcasesvibrantcolorsthatreflectthetimelessbeautyofMuranoglassmaking.Notwopendantsarealike,makingeachpieceauniqueworkofart.Pairedwithacomplimentarysilverchain,whetherasathoughtfulgiftoraspecialtreatforyourself,thisbeautifulaccessorycapturestheessenceofItalianartistryandstyle.TheGoldRushRing:Glimmering24kgoldMeticulouslycrafted,youwillnotfindanythinglikethisinajewelrystore.Asgoldpricesskyrocket,wehavebeenabletoholdthepriceunder$100.Thisisn’tjustaring,it’sastatement,asymbolofpowerandsophistication.Notcompletelyhappywithyourpurchase?Senditbackwithin30daysforacompleterefund.TV?EARS:ABetterWaytoHearTV第4頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)Thepowerfulassistivedevicehashelpednumerouspeopleenjoytheirfavoriteshows,movies,andstreamingcontentwithoutdisturbingothers.VoiceClarifyingAudioworksbetterthanhearingaidsasiteliminatesbackgroundnoise,makingvoices,whispers,andaccentsunderstandable.Usepromocodeforthesame-dayshippingservice.1.WhatdoweknowaboutStauer’sSurvivalBox?A.Materialsofthetoolsetrelymerelyonstainlesssteel.B.Theproductisapplicableindiverseoutdooroccasions.C.Neithertheflashlightnorthewatchcanberuinedinwater.D.Potentialconsumershavetoreviewregulationsbeforeordering.2.WhatmakestheMuranoGlassButterflyPendantunique?A.Itstandsunparalleledinsouvenirstores.B.ItassistscustomersinadmiringItalianartistry.C.Eachpendantembodieseleganceandstyle.D.Everyhandmadeitemsetsitapartfromeachother.3.Whichproductwouldbethebestchoiceforapersonfearingawrongpurchase?A.Stauer’sSurvivalBox.B.HandcraftedButterflyPendant.C.TheGoldRushRing.D.TV?EARS.【答案】1.B2.D3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四種產(chǎn)品，包括Stauer的生存盒、手工穆拉諾玻璃蝴蝶吊墜、淘金熱戒指和TV?EARS助聽設(shè)備，說明了它們的特點(diǎn)和優(yōu)勢(shì)。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Stauer’sSurvivalBox部分中“Stauer’sSurvivalBoxisanear-guaranteeyou’llbeuptoanyoutdooradventure.(Stauer的生存盒幾乎能保證你能應(yīng)對(duì)任何戶外冒險(xiǎn))”可知，該產(chǎn)品適用于各種戶外場(chǎng)合。故選B項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HandcraftedMuranoGlassButterflyPendant部分中“Notwopendantsarealike,makingeachpieceauniqueworkofart.(沒有兩個(gè)吊墜是一樣的，這使得每一件都是獨(dú)一無二的藝術(shù)品)”可知，每個(gè)手工制作的吊墜都與眾不同，這讓它顯得獨(dú)特。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】第5頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheGoldRushRing:Glimmering24kgold部分中“Notcompletelyhappywithyourpurchase?Senditbackwithin30daysforacompleterefund.(對(duì)購(gòu)買的商品不完全滿意?30天內(nèi)退貨可全額退款)”可知，如果擔(dān)心買錯(cuò)東西，淘金熱戒指是最佳選擇，因?yàn)樗胁粷M意可退款的政策。故選C項(xiàng)。B“That’swhat’sgreataboutbeingawriter,”HanifKureishitoldanintervieweradecadeago.“Every10yearsyoubecomesomebodyelse.”Hewas59then,lookingbackonhisyoungerdays;inhis30s,he’dmadehismarkwiththeOscar-nominatedplayforMyBeautifulLaundrette.ThesonofanEnglishmotherandaPakistanifather,hewasadisobedientboyinthespotlight,closetoworking-classlocalsandworldlyelites(精英),unashamedofsmoking,andfunny.InspiredbyWodehouse,heconnecteddeeplywithupstartyoungreadersandwriters,eventuallyfindinghisuniquestyle.Then,attheageof68,in2022,hebecamesomebodyunimaginablydifferentafterhekeeledoverontoahardfloorinRome.Trappedinaparalyzedbodyinahospitalbed,hetweetedtwoweekslater,viahisson:“Aninsect,aheroorFrankenstein’smonster.Outofthesemixingswillcomehorrorsandamazements.EverydaywhenIspeakoutthese,Iopenwhatisleftofmybrokenbodytostopmyselffromdyinginside.”Andsuddenly,Kureishiwasbackinthespotlight.WhenIwenttovisithimtwoyearslater,hewasinhispowerchair,hismobilitylimitedtocontrollinghischairandleaningforward.Nowamixtureofmedicinehasbecomeamajorpartofhislife,ashe’staking12orsoadaytomaintainhisbodyfunctions.However,hewentcoldturkeyonnearlyeverythingelse,drivenbyanotherneed.Rightaway,hewas“madtowrite”.ThebriefanddirectnatureofTwittergavehisindividualstatementsanail-bitingtension:“Sittinghereinthisdullroom,Iwouldn’tadvisehavinganaccidentlikemine,butIwouldsaythatlyingcompletelystillandsilent,withoutmuchdistraction,iscertainlygoodforcreativity,”hetweeted.Twoweeksaftertheaccidenthissonintegratedhisdictationsintoessays,whichfinallyworkedasShattered,amemoirofKureishi’snewlife.Heiscurrentlywritingafollow-upbookanddevelopingafilmproject.“I’veneverfeltsuchastrongdesiretobeawriter,”heshared.“It’sareliefthatbeingawritermeansfullyexperiencinglifeandunderstandingtheworldaroundme.”4.Whatdoesparagraph1mainlytalkabout?A.Conceptsregardingbeingagreatwriter.B.Kureishi’searlylifeexperiences.第6頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)C.ChangesinKureishi’syouthfultimes.D.Previousmemoriesofachievements.5.WhatbroughtHanifKureishibacktothespotlight?A.Thepublicationofhisgroundbreakingnovel.BTheparalysishesufferedafterafallinRome.C.Hisreflectionspostedonthesocialmedia.D.Hisapprovalofengaginginaninterview.6.Whichbestexplainstheunderlinedphrase“wentcoldturkeyon”inparagraph4?A.postponedgraduallyB.quittedsuddenlyC.startedenthusiasticallyD.persistedresolutely7.WhatdoesKureishiimplybysaying“l(fā)yingcompletelystill…iscertainlygoodforcreativity,”?A.Physicallimitationsdirectedhisattentiontowriting.B.Hospitalsprovidedhimwithexcellentwritingresources.C.Whatheheardinthedullroomsparkedhisinspiration.D.Socialmediadistractionsunexpectedlytriggeredhisinnovation.【答案】4.B5.C6.B7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作家哈尼夫·庫(kù)雷希早期的生活經(jīng)歷、成就，以及他在羅馬摔倒癱瘓后重歸公眾視野，重新燃起寫作熱情的故事?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“Hewas59then,lookingbackonhisyoungerdays;inhis30s,he’dmadehismarkwiththeOscarnominatedplayforMyBeautifulLaundrette.ThesonofanEnglishmotherandaPakistanifather,hewasadisobedientboyinthespotlight,closetoworkingclasslocalsandworldlyelites,unashamedofsmoking,andfunny.InspiredbyWodehouse,heconnecteddeeplywithupstartyoungreadersandwriters,eventuallyfindinghisuniquestyle.(那時(shí)他59歲，回首自己的青春歲月；30多歲時(shí)，他憑借獲得奧斯卡提名的《我美麗的洗衣店》一劇嶄露頭角。他的母親是英國(guó)人，父親是巴基斯坦人，他是聚光燈下一個(gè)不聽話的男孩，與當(dāng)?shù)毓と穗A級(jí)和世俗精英關(guān)系密切，毫不羞愧地抽煙，而且很風(fēng)趣。在沃德豪斯的啟發(fā)下，他與新興的年輕讀者和作家建立了深厚的聯(lián)系，最終找到了自己獨(dú)特的風(fēng)格)”可知，第一段主要講述了庫(kù)雷希早期的生活經(jīng)歷。故選B項(xiàng)。第7頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Trappedinaparalyzedbodyinahospitalbed,hetweetedtwoweekslater,viahisson:‘Aninsect,aheroorFrankenstein’smonster.Outofthesemixingswillcomehorrorsandamazements.EverydaywhenIspeakoutthese,Iopenwhatisleftofmybrokenbodytostopmyselffromdyinginside.’Andsuddenly,Kureishiwasbackinthespotlight.(他癱瘓?jiān)卺t(yī)院的病床上，兩周后，他通過兒子發(fā)推文說：“昆蟲、英雄或弗蘭肯斯坦的怪物。這些混合將帶來恐怖和驚奇。每天當(dāng)我大聲說出這些時(shí)，我都會(huì)打開我破碎身體中剩下的部分，以阻止自己內(nèi)心死亡。”突然間，庫(kù)雷希又回到了聚光燈下)”可知，庫(kù)雷希在社交媒體上發(fā)布的反思讓他重新回到了聚光燈下。故選C項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線短語所在句“However,hewentcoldturkeyonnearlyeverythingelse,drivenbyanotherneed.Rightaway,hewas‘madtowrite’.(然而，出于另一種需求，他……幾乎其他所有事情。他立刻“瘋狂地想寫作”)”中“nearlyeverythingelse”和后文他專注于寫作的描述可推知，他突然放棄了其他事情，全身心投入寫作。劃線短語“wentcoldturkeyon”意思是“突然停止、放棄”，與“quittedsuddenly”同義。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中庫(kù)雷希的話“Sittinghereinthisdullroom,Iwouldn’tadvisehavinganaccidentlikemine,butIwouldsaythatlyingcompletelystillandsilent,withoutmuchdistraction,iscertainlygoodforcreativity(坐在這個(gè)沉悶的房間里，我不建議遭遇像我這樣的事故，但我想說，靜靜地躺著，沒有太多干擾，肯定對(duì)創(chuàng)造力有好處)”可知，庫(kù)雷希認(rèn)為身體上的限制讓他少了很多干擾，激發(fā)了更強(qiáng)的創(chuàng)造力，由此推斷庫(kù)雷希說“完全安靜地躺著……對(duì)創(chuàng)造力肯定是有好處的”意思是身體上的限制使他把注意力轉(zhuǎn)向了寫作。故選A項(xiàng)。CThere’sapopularsayingthatifonlyonevoiceisallowedtoexist;thenthatonevoicemustbealie.Thisquotecouldn’tbemorerelevantnow,asmanybusinessesandplatformsareusingshadypracticestosilencenegativefeedbackandensureonlythosevoicesbenefitingthemremain.Thispracticeisso-called“artificialreviewboosting”,andhasbeeninfluencingobjectivityinreviewseversince.Itsorigindatesbacktothe20thcenturywhenbusinesseswouldhandoutfreesamplestoobtainabetterreputation.However,thepracticerisestoanewextremewiththeemergenceofe-commerceplatforms.Manyonlinebusinessesdowhateverittakestoensurehigh-ratingscores,eitherthroughgivingbonusesandrewardstocustomerswholeaveagoodrevieworthroughbotheringandthreateningthosewholeaveanegativeone.This第8頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)behaviorisnotonlymorallycorruptbutalsoillegal,anditisabsurdthatmanyconsumersfeeltheycan’tleavenegativefeedbackoutoffearthatbusinesseswillcausetrouble.It’sapparentthatthisproblemisgettingoutofhand,buthowcanwefixit?Regulatorinterventionwouldcertainlyhelp.Thereshouldbeatoughercrackdownonillegalpractices,ande-commerceplatformsshouldberequiredtoprotecttheprivacyoftheirusers.Nevertheless,thisisjustasmallpartofthechangesneeded,astheratingsystemasawholeneedsrestructuring.That’sbecausethissystemrewardsdishonestsellersratherthanthosesellingqualityproducts,ande-commerceplatforms,withtheirprofitsunaffected,turnablindeyetoitsfaults.Againstallodds,honestfeedbackhaspersistedandpeoplewhovoicetheirtrueopinionsstillexist,buttheyarebecomingrarer.There’sanoldsayingthatifyouputafroginboilingwater,itwillleapout,butifyoucookthefrogslowlyinwarmwater,itwon’tnoticebeingcookedalive.Weconsumersarejustlikefrogs—it’seasyforustofighttogetheragainstterribleactsrobbingourfreedom,butweoftenignorewhenthesamefreedomisgraduallytakenfromus.Therewillbenograndcoupdegrace(致命一擊)thatendshonestfeedback.Companieswilljustletitfadeawayslowlybutwemustn’tallowthattohappenbecauseconsumersplayamoreimportantroleinkeepinghonestfeedback.8.Whatisthemainissuediscussedinthetext?A.Theillegalpracticesofconsumers.B.Thehistoryofe-commerceplatforms.C.Thebenefitsoffreesamplesforbusinesses.D.Thedeclineofhonestfeedbackduetoartificialreviewboosting.9.Howdobusinessesensurehigh-ratingscoresaccordingtothetext?A.Byimprovingproductquality.B.Bycooperatingwithregulators.C.Byrestructuringtheratingsystem.D.Byrewardingpositivereviewsandthreateningnegativereviewers.10.Whatdoesthefroganalogyimplyaboutconsumers?A.Theyareasadaptableasfrogsinhotwater.B.Theyareeasilyfrightenedbysuddenthreats.C.Theyfailtonoticethegraduallossoftheirfreedom.D.Theyshouldfightagainstterribleactsimmediately.11.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestaboutthecurrentratingsystem?第9頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)A.Iteffectivelypromoteshonestsellers.B.Itprioritizesdishonestsellersoverhonestones.C.Ithasbeenimprovedbye-commerceplatforms.D.Itisunaffectedbyconsumerfeedbackandproductquality.【答案】8.D9.D10.C11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。文章討論了電商平臺(tái)通過“人工評(píng)價(jià)助推”手段操控評(píng)論，導(dǎo)致真實(shí)反饋逐漸消失的問題，并呼吁消費(fèi)者和監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)采取行動(dòng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“There’sapopularsayingthatifonlyonevoiceisallowedtoexist;thenthatonevoicemustbealie.Thisquotecouldn’tbemorerelevantnow,asmanybusinessesandplatformsareusingshadypracticestosilencenegativefeedbackandensureonlythosevoicesbenefitingthemremain.(有句流行的話說，如果只允許一種聲音存在，那么這種聲音一定是謊言。這句話現(xiàn)在再合適不過了，因?yàn)樵S多企業(yè)和平臺(tái)都在使用不正當(dāng)手段來壓制負(fù)面反饋，只保留那些對(duì)他們有利的聲音)”和第二段中“Thisbehaviorisnotonlymorallycorruptbutalsoillegal,anditisabsurdthatmanyconsumersfeeltheycan’tleavenegativefeedbackoutoffearthatbusinesseswillcausetrouble.(這種行為不僅在道德上腐敗，而且是非法的，荒謬的是許多消費(fèi)者因?yàn)楹ε缕髽I(yè)會(huì)找麻煩而不敢留下負(fù)面反饋)”以及下文對(duì)“人工評(píng)價(jià)助推”現(xiàn)象的闡述可知，文章主要討論的是由于“人工評(píng)價(jià)助推”導(dǎo)致真實(shí)反饋的減少。故選D項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Manyonlinebusinessesdowhateverittakestoensurehighratingscores,eitherthroughgivingbonusesandrewardstocustomerswholeaveagoodrevieworthroughbotheringandthreateningthosewholeaveanegativeone.(許多在線企業(yè)會(huì)不惜一切代價(jià)確保高評(píng)分，要么給留下好評(píng)的顧客發(fā)放獎(jiǎng)金和獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，要么騷擾和威脅留下差評(píng)的顧客)”可知，企業(yè)通過獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)好評(píng)和威脅差評(píng)者來確保高評(píng)分。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“There’sanoldsayingthatifyouputafroginboilingwater,itwillleapout,butifyoucookthefrogslowlyinwarmwater,itwon’tnoticebeingcookedalive.Weconsumersarejustlikefrogs—it’seasyforustofighttogetheragainstterribleactsrobbingourfreedom,butweoftenignorewhenthesamefreedomisgraduallytakenfromus.(有句老話說，如果你把一只青蛙放進(jìn)沸水里，它會(huì)跳出來，但如果你把青蛙放在溫水中慢慢煮，它不會(huì)注意到自己正在被活活煮死。我們消費(fèi)者就像青蛙一樣——我們很容易團(tuán)結(jié)起來對(duì)第10頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)抗剝奪我們自由的可怕行為，但當(dāng)同樣的自由被逐漸剝奪時(shí)，我們往往會(huì)忽視)”可知，青蛙的類比暗示了和溫水煮青蛙一樣，消費(fèi)者沒有注意到他們的自由在逐漸喪失。故選C項(xiàng)。【11題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“That’sbecausethissystemrewardsdishonestsellersratherthanthosesellingqualityproducts,andecommerceplatforms,withtheirprofitsunaffected,turnablindeyetoitsfaults.(這是因?yàn)檫@個(gè)系統(tǒng)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)的是不誠(chéng)實(shí)的賣家，而不是那些銷售優(yōu)質(zhì)產(chǎn)品的賣家，而且電子商務(wù)平臺(tái)在利潤(rùn)不受影響的情況下，對(duì)其缺陷視而不見)”可知，作者認(rèn)為當(dāng)前的評(píng)分系統(tǒng)優(yōu)先考慮不誠(chéng)實(shí)的賣家而非誠(chéng)實(shí)的賣家。故選B項(xiàng)。DPastresearchhasshownthatmanyaspectsofmemoryareaffectedbyageing,whereasrecognitiontasksthatrelyonwell-knowninformationarenot.Theeffectofageontheabilitytorecallmusichasalsobeeninvestigated,butSarahSauve,amusicscientistattheUniversityofLincoln,wasinterestedinexploringthiseffectinareal-worldsettingsuchasaliveconcert.InherstudypublishedinPLOSONE,shetestedhowwellagroupof90healthyadults,ranginginagefrom18to86,wereabletorecognizefamiliarandunfamiliarmusicalthemesataliveconcert.Thestudyfocusedonthreemusicpieces:EineKleineNachtmusikbyMozart,whichmostparticipantswerefamiliarwith,andtwoexperimentalpieces.Oneofthesewastonalandeasytolistento;theotherwasmoreatonal(無調(diào))anddidn’tfollowthetypicalmelodic(旋律的)standardsofWesternclassicalmusic.Ashortmelodicphrasefromeachofthethreepieceswasplayedthreetimesatthebeginningofthatpiece,andparticipantsthenloggedwhenevertheyrecognizedthatthemeinthepiece.ThemelodicphrasefromtheEineKleineNachtmusikwasequallywellrecognizedacrossallages,withnolossofrecognitionasageincreased.Allparticipantswerelessconfidentinrecognizingthethemeintheunfamiliartonalpiece,andevenlessconfidentwiththeunfamiliaratonalpiece.Thispattern,too,didnotvarywithage.SteffenHerff,acognitive(認(rèn)知的)neuroscientist,saysthereasonmusicalmemoryseemstoberesistanttoage-relatedcognitivedeclinesmightbetheemotionsthatmusicstirsinpeople,whichmakesitmorerootedinmemory.“Weknowfromgeneralmemoryresearchthat,effectively,theemotionalprocessingoperatesalittlebitlikeanimportantstamp,”hesays.Thestudycollectedlimiteddataonsomeparticipants’cognitivehealth,andsodidn’tprovidedetailedinsightsintohowcognitivedisordersaffectmemoryrecall.Butitrevealedthegreatinterestinusingmusicasamemoryaidforotherinformationinindividualswithneurogenerativeconditionssuchasdementia(癡呆).12.WhatwasthemainpurposeofSarahSauve’sstudy?第11頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)A.Toinvestigatememoryabilitiesbetweenyoungandoldadults.B.Totesthowageaffectsmusicrecognitioninliveconcertsettings.C.Toexploretheemotionalimpactofclassicalmusiconmemory.D.Todevelopnewtreatmentsforindividualswithcognitivedecline.13.WhatshouldparticipantsdoinSarahSauve’sexperiment?A.Differentiatethreerepresentativeworks.B.Appreciateanatonalmelodyrepeatedly.C.Exposethemselvestodiversemusicalthemes.D.Identifyspecificphrasespreviouslyencountered.14.Whymightmusicalmemoryresistage-relateddeclineaccordingtoSteffenHerff?A.Musictrainingimprovescognitiveflexibility.B.Emotionalresponsesstrengthenmemorystorage.C.Familiarclassicalmusicleaveslastingimpressions.D.Atonalmusicchallengesmemoryprocessing.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Age-RelatedMemoryLoss:TheRoleofClassicalMusicB.LiveConcertsImproveCognitiveHealthinOlderAdultsC.EmotionalMusicMemoriesResistEffectsofAgingD.NewTherapiesforDementiaUsingAtonalMusic【答案】12.B13.D14.B15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了林肯大學(xué)的音樂科學(xué)家莎拉·索夫的研究，該研究測(cè)試了年齡對(duì)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)音樂會(huì)中音樂識(shí)別能力的影響，還探討了音樂記憶抗老化的原因?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Pastresearchhasshownthatmanyaspectsofmemoryareaffectedbyageing,whereasrecognitiontasksthatrelyonwellknowninformationarenot.Theeffectofageontheabilitytorecallmusichasalsobeeninvestigated,butSarahSauve,amusicscientistattheUniversityofLincoln,wasinterestedinexploringthiseffectinarealworldsettingsuchasaliveconcert.(過去的研究表明，記憶的許多方面都會(huì)受到年齡的影響，而依賴于熟知信息的識(shí)別任務(wù)則不受影響。年齡對(duì)回憶音樂能力的影響也已被研究過，但林肯大學(xué)的音樂科學(xué)家莎拉·索夫感興趣的是在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)音樂會(huì)這樣的現(xiàn)實(shí)場(chǎng)景中探索這種影響)”可知，莎拉·索第12頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)夫研究的主要目的是測(cè)試年齡在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)音樂會(huì)場(chǎng)景中如何影響音樂識(shí)別能力。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Ashortmelodicphrasefromeachofthethreepieceswasplayedthreetimesatthebeginningofthatpiece,andparticipantsthenloggedwhenevertheyrecognizedthatthemeinthepiece.(每首曲子開頭都會(huì)將一段簡(jiǎn)短的旋律片段播放三次，然后參與者要記錄下他們何時(shí)在曲子中認(rèn)出了那個(gè)主題)”可知，參與者在莎拉·索夫的實(shí)驗(yàn)中要識(shí)別之前聽過的特定旋律片段。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“SteffenHerff,acognitive(認(rèn)知的)neuroscientist,saysthereasonmusicalmemoryseemstoberesistanttoagerelatedcognitivedeclinesmightbetheemotionsthatmusicstirsinpeople,whichmakesitmorerootedinmemory.(認(rèn)知神經(jīng)科學(xué)家斯特芬·赫夫說，音樂記憶似乎能抵抗與年齡相關(guān)的認(rèn)知衰退，原因可能是音樂在人們心中激起的情感，這使得它在記憶中扎根更深)”可知，斯特芬·赫夫認(rèn)為情感反應(yīng)會(huì)加強(qiáng)記憶存儲(chǔ)，所以音樂記憶能抵抗與年齡相關(guān)的衰退。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第二段中“Theeffectofageontheabilitytorecallmusichasalsobeeninvestigated,butSarahSauve,amusicscientistattheUniversityofLincoln,wasinterestedinexploringthiseffectinareal-worldsettingsuchasaliveconcert.(年齡對(duì)回憶音樂能力的影響也已被研究過，但林肯大學(xué)的音樂科學(xué)家莎拉·索夫感興趣的是在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)音樂會(huì)這樣的現(xiàn)實(shí)場(chǎng)景中探索這種影響)”、第三段“ThemelodicphrasefromtheEineKleineNachtmusikwasequallywellrecognizedacrossallages,withnolossofrecognitionasageincreased.Allparticipantswerelessconfidentinrecognizingthethemeintheunfamiliartonalpiece,andevenlessconfidentwiththeunfamiliaratonalpiece.Thispattern,too,didnotvarywithage.(《小夜曲》中的旋律片段在所有年齡段的識(shí)別度都一樣高，不會(huì)隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)而降低識(shí)別能力。所有參與者對(duì)不熟悉的調(diào)性樂曲主題的識(shí)別信心較低，對(duì)不熟悉的無調(diào)性樂曲的識(shí)別信心更低。這種模式也不會(huì)因年齡而改變)”以及第四段中“SteffenHerff,acognitive(認(rèn)知的)neuroscientist,saysthereasonmusicalmemoryseemstoberesistanttoagerelatedcognitivedeclinesmightbetheemotionsthatmusicstirsinpeople,whichmakesitmorerootedinmemory.(認(rèn)知神經(jīng)科學(xué)家斯特芬·赫夫說，音樂記憶似乎能抵抗與年齡相關(guān)的認(rèn)知衰退，原因可能是音樂在人們心中激起的情感，這使得它在記憶中扎根更深)”可知，文章介紹研究證明音樂記憶似乎能抵抗與年齡相關(guān)的衰退，原因是音樂激起的情感讓它在記憶中扎根更深。由此可知，C項(xiàng)“充滿情感的音樂記憶能抵抗衰老的影響”能概括文章內(nèi)容，最適合做文章標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。第13頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)HowtoFinallyStickwithaFitnessHabitHaveyoucommittedtoanewhabit—exercising,let’ssay—butkeepfallingoffthewagon?Doyougiveupwhenthegoinggetstough?Youmayhavelowself-efficacy(自我效能).____16____Herearesomeofthewaysthatpsychologistssaywecanbuildself-efficacy:CongratulateyourselfforsmallwinsPastsuccessesarefuelforfuturesuccess.Thisappliestotinythingslikehabits:____17____Italsoappliestobiggerprojects.Whenyoudidabeginnerrunningprogramand“graduated”byrunninga5Krace,that’shuge.Youlearnedthatyoucanrunfartherthanyoueverthoughtyoucould.Youlearnedwhatthatfinish-lineglowofaccomplishmentreallyfeelslike.____18____WatchpeopledoingthethingyouwanttodoThesecond-bestthingtopracticeself-efficacyistoindirectlyexperienceothers’success.Forsomepeople,lookinguptoaworld-classathletecaninspiretheminthegym.____19____Whenyourbuddyhitsanewdeadliftrecord,you’llcheerforthem,right?Eventhoughyouweren’tthepersonwalkinguptothebar,you’vestillexperiencedatastethewholerollercoasterofemotionsfrombeingnervousattheattempttocelebratingthesuccess.____20____Whenyou’retryingtostayonapath,ithelpstoknowwherethatpathleads.Whatwillitlookliketomakeittoyourgoal?Trytoimaginescenarioswhereyou’retryingtodothethingandyoumomentarilycan’t.Itwillhelptothinkthemthroughaheadoftimeandplanouthowyouwillhandlethem.Then,whenthetimecomes,youwon’thesitatetoexecuteyourplan.A.SetrealisticgoalsB.Visualizesuccess(andfailure)C.Don’tskipthegymonthefirstday,orit’shardertostartthehabitlater.D.Butdon’tworry:Self-efficacyissomethingthatyoucanbuildwithpractice.E.Ifyoumanagedtomakeittothegymonce,it’saloteasiertoshowupondaytwo.F.Andyoucanharness(利用)allofthat,alloveragain,whenyoustartworkingonanewgoal.G.Forothers,itcanbehelpfultolookatsomebodywhoisclosertoyouinskilllevelorexperience.【答案】16.D17.E18.F19.G20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了培養(yǎng)健身習(xí)慣的方法?！?6題詳解】上文“Haveyoucommittedtoanewhabit—exercising,let’ssay—butkeepfallingoffthewagon?Doyou第14頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)giveupwhenthegoinggetstough?Youmayhavelowselfefficacy(自我效能).(你是否承諾養(yǎng)成一個(gè)新習(xí)慣——比如鍛煉——但總是半途而廢?當(dāng)事情變得艱難時(shí)，你是否會(huì)放棄?你可能自我效能較低)”指出人們存在自我效能低的問題。D選項(xiàng)“Don’tworry:Selfefficacyissomethingthatyoucanbuildwithpractice.(別擔(dān)心：自我效能是可以通過練習(xí)培養(yǎng)的)”與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，提出雖然有自我效能低的問題，但可以通過練習(xí)來培養(yǎng)，引出下文介紹培養(yǎng)自我效能的方法，上下文語意銜接自然。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】上文“Pastsuccessesarefuelforfuturesuccess.Thisappliestotinythingslikehabits(過去的成功是未來成功的動(dòng)力。這適用于像習(xí)慣這樣的小事)”強(qiáng)調(diào)過去小的成功對(duì)養(yǎng)成習(xí)慣很重要。E選項(xiàng)“Ifyoumanagedtomakeittothegymonce,it’saloteasiertoshowupondaytwo.(如果你成功去了一次健身房，第二天再去就容易多了)”舉例說明去一次健身房這樣的小成功對(duì)后續(xù)養(yǎng)成去健身房的習(xí)慣有幫助，符合上下文邏輯。故選E項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】上文“Whenyoudidabeginnerrunningprogramand‘graduated’byrunninga5Krace,that’shuge.Youlearnedthatyoucanrunfartherthanyoueverthoughtyoucould.Youlearnedwhatthatfinishlineglowofaccomplishmentreallyfeelslike.(當(dāng)你完成了一個(gè)初學(xué)者跑步計(jì)劃，并通過跑一場(chǎng)5公里比賽“畢業(yè)”時(shí)，這意義重大。你知道了你能跑得比你想象的更遠(yuǎn)。你體會(huì)到了沖過終點(diǎn)線時(shí)那種成就感)”講述了完成跑步計(jì)劃獲得的成就感。F選項(xiàng)“Andyoucanharness(利用)allofthat,alloveragain,whenyoustartworkingonanewgoal.(當(dāng)你開始為一個(gè)新目標(biāo)努力時(shí)，你可以再次利用所有這些)”說明可以把之前獲得的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和成就感運(yùn)用到新目標(biāo)中，與上文銜接緊密。故選F項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】上文“Forsomepeople,lookinguptoaworldclassathletecaninspiretheminthegym.(對(duì)一些人來說，敬仰一位世界級(jí)運(yùn)動(dòng)員可以在健身房激勵(lì)他們)”提到有些人受世界級(jí)運(yùn)動(dòng)員激勵(lì)。G選項(xiàng)“Forothers,itcanbehelpfultolookatsomebodywhoisclosertoyouinskilllevelorexperience.(對(duì)另一些人來說，關(guān)注技能水平或經(jīng)驗(yàn)與你更接近的人可能會(huì)有幫助)”與上文構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系，說明另一些人可以從與自己水平接近的人那里獲得激勵(lì)，上下文邏輯清晰。故選G項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】下文“Whenyou’retryingtostayonapath,ithelpstoknowwherethatpathleads.Whatwillitlookliketomakeittoyourgoal?Trytoimaginescenarioswhereyou’retryingtodothethingandyoumomentarilycan’t.Itwillhelptothinkthemthroughaheadoftimeandplanouthowyouwillhandlethem.(當(dāng)你試圖堅(jiān)持走一條路時(shí)，知道這條路通向何方會(huì)有幫助。實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)會(huì)是什么樣子？試著想象一下你正在做某件事但暫時(shí)做不到的情景。提前第15頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)把這些情況想清楚并計(jì)劃好如何應(yīng)對(duì)會(huì)有幫助)”強(qiáng)調(diào)要設(shè)想成功和失敗的情景。B選項(xiàng)“Visualizesuccess(andfailure)(設(shè)想成功(和失敗))”能概括下文內(nèi)容，適合作段首小標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。AfterthefirsteraoftheTalibanin2001,Iestablishedthegynecology(婦科學(xué))departmentinthemedicalfacultyofKabulUniversity.Atthetime,Iwasthefirstandonlyfemaleprofessor,andittookalmostadecadetobuildthedepartment,hireprofessorsand____21____textbooks.Afghanistan(阿富汗)hasoneofthehighest____22____ratesamongmothersintheworld,andItriedmybesttooffera____23____fordoctorsandmidwivestohelpsavemothers’lives.Inmydowntime,Itaughtand____24____medicineatmyownprivateclinic—I’dteachduringtheday,andvisitpatientsfrom5to11p.m.Sometimes,Iwouldhaveoperationsaftermidnight.Thesupportofmyhusbandandbothofourfamilies____25___