適用于老高考舊教材廣西專版2025屆高考英語二輪總復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解專題特訓(xùn)18

閱讀理解專題特訓(xùn)18

A

（2024?廣西南寧高三一模，【））

UnlikechiIdrenandapes（類人猿），dogsgenerallyknowwhenpeoplearebeing

deceitful（騙人的），anewstudysuggests.AccordingtotheresearchersattheUniversity

ofVienna,thedogscouldfollowtheirownintuition（直覺）whengivenmisleading

instructionsbyhumansaboutwherethefoodwas.

The260dogsforthestudywerepresentedwithtwobuckets（桶），oneofwhich

containeddogfoodthatthedogscouldaccessbyknockingoffapaper1idwiththeir

noseorpaw.Thedogswereatfirsttrainedtotrustapersontheyhadnever

met,calledthe“communicator”,tohelpthemfindthefoodfromthecorrect

bucket.Thecommunicatorwouldpointtothefood-filledbucket,lookatthedogand

thensay"Look,ihisisgood,thisisverygood!”toencouragethedogtowardsthe

food.

Afterestablishingthistrustbetweenthecommunicatorandthedogs,the

researchersaddedtheall-importantpartofdeceptionintothemix.Thedogswatched

anotherstranger,knownas“thehider”,movethedogfoodfromonebucket（bucketA）

toanother（bucketB）.Thiswasdonebothwithandwithoutthecommunicatorinthe

room-sothecommunicatorwaseitherwitnesstotheswitchortheyweren*t.Inboth

oftheseconditions,thecommunicatorwouldrecommendbucketAtothedog,whichwas

nowempty.

Acrossthetwoconditions,moredogsfollowedtheirownvisualexperienceofwhere

thefoodhadbeenhiddenratherthanthecommunicator*ssuggestion.Abouttwo-thirds

ofdogsignoredthecommunicatorwhohadwitnessedthefoodswitchandwentonto

recommendemptybucketA.

AccordingtoHuber,dogsdidnotrelyontheconununicatoranymore,whichcontrasts

withpreviousstudiesinvolvingapesandchildrenunderfiveyears.Intheseprevious

studies,ifacommunicatorhadwitnessedaswitchbutrecoinnendedanemptybowlof

food,youngchildrenandapeswouldfollowtheirmisguidingadvice.

“Dogsdonotfollowhumanwrongpointinggesturesblindly,althoughsometimes

theyfindthemdifficulttoignore,“theyconclude.4<Instead,theycanadjusttheir

behaviourflexiblydependingonthetrustworthinessofthepeoplegivinginformation

andcanrecognizebetweenhelpfulandunhelpfulexperimenters.”

1.Whydoestheauthormention“childrenandapes“inthefirstparagraph?

A.Toexplainarule.B.Tomakeaprediction.

C.Tointroduceadiscovery.D.Toclarifyaconcept.

2.Whatdidthecommunicatordointhestudy?

A.Misledthedogs.B.Watchedthedogs,behaviour.

C.Raisedthedogs.D.Emptiedthefood-filledbucket.

3.Howdidmostoftheclogsfindthefood?

A.Byfollowingwhattheyhadseen.

B.Byusingtheirsenseofsmel1.

C.Bytakingthemisleadingadvice.

D.Byignoringtheresearchers'order.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Dogs-TheBestFoodSeeker

B.DogsAreSmarterThanYou

C.Dogs-Humans'BestCompanions

D.DogsKnowWhenYouAreTellingLies

B

（2024?全國【卷,A改編）

TrainInformation

AllcustomerstravellingonTransLinkservicesmustbeinpossessionofavalid

ticketbeforeboarding.Forticketinformation,pleaseaskatyourlocalstationor

call131230.

WhileQueenslandRai1makeseveryefforttoensuretrainsrunasscheduled,thei'ecan

benoguaranteeofconnectionsbetweentrainsorbetweentrainservicesandbus

services.

Lostproperty（失物招領(lǐng)）

CallLostPropertyon131617duringbusinesshoursforitemslostonQueensland

Railservices.ThelostpropertyofficeisopenMondaytoFriday7:30amto5:00pm

andislocated（位于）atRomaStreetstation.

Publicholidays

Onpublichoiidays,generallyaSundaytimetableoperates.Oncertainmajorevent

days,i.e.AustraliaDay,AnzacDay,sportingandculturaldays,specialadditional

servicesmayoperate.ChristmasDayservicesoperatetoaChristmasDay

timetable.BeforetravelpleasevisitthetrainwebsiteorcallTransLinkon131230

anytime.

Customersusingmobilitydevices

Manystationshavewheelchairaccessfromthecarparkorentrancetothestation

platforms.Forassistance,pleas?cal1QueenslandRai1on131617.

Guardiantrains（outbound）

DepartOrigin）estinationArrive

6:42pmAltandiVarsityLakes7:37pm

7:29pmCentralVarsityLakes8:52pm

8:57pmFortitudeVaileyVarsityLakes9:52pm

[11:02pmRomaStreetVarsityLakes12:22am|

1.Whatwouldyoudotogetticketinformation?

A.Cal1131617.B.Visitthetrainwebsite.

C.Askatthelocalstation.D.Checkthetrainschedule.

2.Atwhichstationcanyoufindthelostpropertyoffice?

A.Altandi.B.RomaStreet.C.VarsityLakes.D.FortitudeValley.

3.WhichtrainwouldyoulakeifyougofromCentraltoVarsityLakes?

A.6:42pm.B.7:29pm.C.8:57pm.D.11:02pm.

C

（2024?廣西桂林、崇左高三二模,D）

CornhasbeenasignificantpartinAmericanfoodsincebeforeEuropean

arrival.AftertheCivilWar,grits（粗玉米粉），whicharemadeoutofcorn,becameadiet

mainstay（支柱）becausewater-poweredmiIlsturnedup.Theywererelativelyinexpensive

andcouldbeeatenwithalmostanything,makingitpossibleforeveryonetoenjoy.

Gritsareusuallycookedwithwater,creamandbutteroverthecourseofmany

hours.Therecanbevaryingtypesofgritsfromsmoothtograiny.Thereareeven

instantgritsforthosewithojtthehourstocook.Worthnotingisthatsugarisnot

typicallyadded.

Gritscanbeservedforbreakfast,lunchanddinner,butthey,recommonlyusedas

abase,usuallytoppedwithseafoodandadelicioussauce.It,sadisheatenby

everyonefromsittingpresidentstoblue-collarworkersinavarietyofways,bothin

finediningrestaurantsandoilyspoons.

Shrimpandgritsisthemostwell-knowndishincorporatinggrits,especiallyin

coastalareaslikeCharleston.SouthCarolina.Itwasoriginallyafisherman's

breakfast,aheartymealbeforealongdayofwork,andtoday,it'sfoundonmenus

throughoutthenation.

Chefshavealsobecomecreativewiththedish,addingmodernelementstothe

traditiona1.MashamaBaileyhasafoiegras（鵝肝醬）andgritsdishatTheGreyin

Savannah,Georgia.Edwai'dLeehasprepareditliketheporridgehisKoreanparents

cookedduringhisgrowingup,butusesKentucky,sWiesenbergergrits.NathalieDupree

hasmadehercareeronthedishwithhercookbooktitleduShrimpandGrits”,while

VirginiaWi11ishasappropriatelytitled“Grits”.

1.Whydidgritsbecomemainfood?

A.Becausecornplayedakeyrole.

B.Becausedriedcornwasextremelycheap.

C.BecausetheCivilWarbrokeout.

D.Becausewater-poweredmillsshowedup.

2.Whatcanwelearnaboutgritsfromparagraph3?

1.WhatdidConsuelodoforJessica?

A.ShecuredJessica*sheartdisease.

B.ShetaughtJessicahowtoreadlips.

C.ShehelpedJessicacommunicate.

I）.ShemadeJessica'sdreamcometrue.

2.HowdoesConsuelofeelaboutherjob?

A.Horrible.B.Confident.C.Satisfied.D.Worried.

3.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“incapacitated“underlinedinthelast

paragraph?

A.Lessreliable.B.Seriouslyill.

C.Desperatelylonely.D.Morefortunate.

4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Anunusualskill.B.Alife-savingoperation.

C.Agoodlivingwill.D.Aclosefriendship.

E

（2024?全國HI卷）

Ahousewarmingpartyisaspecialpartytobeheldwhensomeonebuysormoves

intoanewapai'tmentorhouse.Thepersonwhoboughtthehouseormovedistheonewho

throwstheparty.Thepartyisachanceforfriendsandfamilytocongratulatethe

persononthenewhome.1Anditisagoodtimetofillthenewspacewithlove

andhopefullypresents.

2Somepeopleregisteralistofthingstheywantorneedfortheirnewhome

atalocalstoreorstores.Somecommonthingspeoplewi11putonagiftregistry

includekitchentoolslikeknivesandthingslikecurtains.Evenifthereisn'ta

registry,agoodhousewarminggiftissomethingtodecoratethenewhousewith,likea

pieceofartoraplant.

3Thisisoftenappreciatedsinceatahousewarmingthereisn'talotof

foodserved.Thereareusuallynoplannedactivitieslikegamesatahousewarming

party.Thehostorhostessofthepartywill,however,probablygivealltheguestsa

touroftheirnewhome.Sometimes,becauseahousewarmingpartyhappensshortlyaftera

personmovesintotheirnewhome,peoplemaybeaskedtohelpunpackboxes.4

Housewarmingpartiesgettheirnamefromthefactthatalongtimeagopeople

wou1dactuallybringfirewoodtoanewhomeasagift.5Nowmosthomeshave

centralheatinganddon'tusafirestokeepwarm.

A.Thisisn'tusualthough.

B.Itistraditionaltobringagifttoahousewarmingparty.

C.Youcanalsobringfoodordrinkstosharewiththeotherguests.

D.Ifyou'reluckyenoughtoreceivegifts,keeptheminasafeplace.

E.Italsogivespeopleachancetoseewhatthenewhomelookslike.

F.Thebesthousewarmingpartiesencourageoldfriendstogettogether.

G.Thiswassothatthepersoncouldkeeptheirhomewarmforthewinter.

參考答案

閱讀理解專題特訓(xùn)18

A

【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了維也納高校的探討者們通過對260只狗的

試驗發(fā)覺,狗可以辨別人類何時在說謊。

1.C解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段第一句"UnlikechiIdrenandapes,dogsgenerallyknow

whenpeoplearebeingdeceitful,anewstudysuggests.可知，作者提到小孩和類人猿，是為

了引出本文的主要內(nèi)容，即引出一項探討發(fā)覺。故選C項。

2.A解析細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的“三bothofthesecondilions,the

communicatorwouldrecommendbucketAtothedog,whichwasnowempty.M可知，“通訊

者”在探討試驗中將空桶舉薦給狗，即對狗進(jìn)行誤導(dǎo)。故選A項。

3.A解析細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中的.moredogsfollowedtheirownvisual

experienceofwherethefoodhadbeenhiddenratherthanthecommunicator's

suggestion."可知,大多數(shù)的狗并非依據(jù)“通訊者”的建議，而是依據(jù)它們看到食物的隱藏地點來

找到食物。故選A項。

4.1)解析主旨大意題。依據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知，本文主要是向讀者展示一項探討結(jié)果，即狗會區(qū)分

人類什么時候在說謊。故選D項。

B

【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了車票、失物招領(lǐng)、公共假日、殘疾人協(xié)助及車

次等火車服務(wù)的相關(guān)信息。

1.C解析細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段"Forticketinformation,pleaseaskatyour

localstationorcall131230.”可知，假如想查詢火車票的相關(guān)信息,可詢問當(dāng)?shù)剀囌净虼?3

1230查詢。故選C項。

2.B解析細(xì)微環(huán)1，理解題。由文章“Loslproperty部分“Thelostproperlyofficeis

openMondaytoFriday7:30amto5:00pmandislocatedatRomaStreetstation.可知,

失物招領(lǐng)處位于RomaStreet車站。故選B項。

3.B解析細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由文章“Guardiantrains(outbound)w部分可知，從Central到

VarsityLakes要乘坐晚上7:29的火車。故選B項。

C

【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了粗玉米粉在人們飲食中是如何運(yùn)用的，以及

人們?nèi)绾斡盟M(jìn)行飲食創(chuàng)作。

1.D解析細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題v依據(jù)第一段中的"AftertheCivilWar,grits,whicharemade

outofcorn,becameadietmainstaybecausewater-poweredmillsturnedup.”可知，由于

水力磨坊的出現(xiàn),粗玉米粉成了人們的主食。故選D項。

2.A解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段中的"It，sadisheatenbyeveryonefromsitting

presidentstoblue-collarworkersinavarietyofways,bothinfinedining

restaurantsandoilyspoons.n可知，在美國上至總統(tǒng)下至平民，在任何地方都能吃到這道菜。

由此推知，粗玉米面深受各行各業(yè)的寵愛。故選A項。

3.A解析細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段“Shrimpandgritsisthemostwell-knowndish

incorporatinggrits,especiallyincoastalareaslikeCharleston,SouthCarolina.Itwas

originallyafisherman'sbreakfast,aheartymealbeforealongdayofwork,and

today,it'sfoundonmenusthroughoutthenation.”可知，南卡羅納州的漁民最寵愛蝦和粗

玉米面這道菜。故選A項。

4.C解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段第一句"Chefshavealsobecomecreativewiththe

dish,addingmodernelementstothetraditional,可知，廚師們會在傳統(tǒng)的菜上增加現(xiàn)代元

素。再結(jié)合最終一段第三句"EdwardLeehasprepareditliketheporridgehisKorean

parentscookedduringhisgrowingup,butusesKentucky'sWiesenbergergrits.可

知,EdwardLee在傳統(tǒng)的粥中加入了粗玉米粉。由此推知，作者提及EdwardLee的父母是為了說明

在他們傳統(tǒng)的粥中添加了粗玉米粉，使之成為現(xiàn)代的味道。故選C項。

D

【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了唇語專家Consuelo利用她的特別技能幫助

病重不能說話的人進(jìn)行溝通,給人們帶來希望和勸慰。

1.C解析細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中的"Forafewhourseachweek,Jessicacould

havelongconversationswithConsuelo,divingintotheoceanofwordsshedearly

missed.ThroughConsuelo,Jessicaaskedthedoctorsandnursesquestionsshehadlong

wantedanswersto.可知,Consuelo不但用唇語和Jessica溝通,還幫助Jessica和醫(yī)生及護(hù)士

進(jìn)行溝通。由此可知,Consuelo主要是幫助Jessica進(jìn)行溝通。故龍C項。

2.C解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中的“Whatisreallywonderfulisbeingableto

usethisskilltocreatehealingandtocreatecommunicationbetweenhumanbeings.”

可知,Consuelo認(rèn)為她的工作能夠幫助治療疾病,還能幫助人們溝通,這種感覺是奇妙的。由此可推

斷出,Consuelo對自己的工作是滿足的。satisfied“滿足的”。故