Unit4NaturalDisastersDiscoveringUsefulStructures課件-高中英語人教版

DiscoveringUsefulStructuresUnit4NaturalDisastersRestrictiverelativeclauseLearningAbility:Learntouseattributiveclausetodescribesomepeopleandthingsfreely;ThinkingQuality:Beabletoanalyzethecontextandchoosesuitablerelativepronounandrelativeadverb;LearningObjectives

這個(gè)男人是杰克船長(zhǎng)。

這個(gè)男人正在奔跑。

這個(gè)正在奔跑的男人是杰克船長(zhǎng)。ThemanisCaptainJack.Themanisrunning.ThemanwhoisrunningisCaptainJack.先行詞關(guān)系代詞Lead-in1.在主從復(fù)合句中，對(duì)某一名詞或代詞起修飾作用的從句叫定語從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞，引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。2.關(guān)系詞分為：

（1）關(guān)系代詞(that，which，who，whom，whose，as等)

（2）關(guān)系副詞(when，where，why等)3.定語從句一般位于先行詞后。4.先行詞+關(guān)系詞+從句Studytherules什么是定語從句？關(guān)系代詞指代在定語從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞秩宋镏髡Z賓語定語whowhomwhichthatwhose

關(guān)系代詞在從句中做主語時(shí)不能省略，做賓語時(shí)可以省略TheTangshanearthquakewasaterribleexperiencethatmygreat-grandmacannotforget.Thecouplewholivenexttousvolunteeredtohelpafterthevolcanoerupted.Thesupplieswhichwereprovidedtothedisasterareawerecollectedfromaroundtheworld.Mr.Liisanarchitectwhosedesignsforthenewtownhavewonpraise.AdoctorwithwhomJamesusedtoworkdiedinthe2016earthquakeinEcuador.2)Theterribleshakingofthebuildingwokeupallthepeople_____wereasleep.3)Thenextday,peopleputupsheltersintheopenairusinganything____theycouldfind.Completeeachsentencewiththat,which,who,whose,whom,or“/”.ThentranslatethesentencesintoChinese.P52.Ex.21)Herearesomeofthepeople______homesweredestroyedbythetyphoon.whosewhothat這里一些人的房子被臺(tái)風(fēng)摧毀了。劇烈震動(dòng)的建筑物使所有熟睡的人都驚醒了。第二天，人們?cè)趹敉庥盟麄兡苷业降娜魏螙|西搭起了庇護(hù)所。5)Theinjuredboy________motherwaslostinthedisasterwastakentothehospital.4)Severaldayslater,mostofthebuildings____hadbeendamagedbythehurricanewererepaired.that幾天后，大部分被颶風(fēng)毀壞的建筑物都修復(fù)了。whose那個(gè)受傷男孩的母親在災(zāi)難中喪生，他被送去了醫(yī)院。6)Thewomanwroteathank-youlettertothesoldierby_____shewasrescued.whom這名婦女給救助她的士兵寫了一封感謝信。7)Isthistheyoungboy_____savedseveralotherstudentstrappedunderbuildings?who這就是把幾個(gè)困在建筑物下面的學(xué)生解救出來的男孩吧？關(guān)系代詞只用who的情況1)

當(dāng)先行詞是指人的不定代詞時(shí)，如one,ones,anyone,noone，

nobody,anybody,none,all等時(shí)。

eg.Isthereanyoneinyourclasswhoisgoodatsinging?2)當(dāng)先行詞是

he,they，persons，people，those等時(shí)。

eg.Personswhosupportmyplanputupyourhands.

ThosewhowanttogototheGreatWallsignuphere.

HewhohasneverbeentotheGreatWallisnotatrueman.3)先行詞表人，在非限制性定語從句中。

eg.Iwanthim,whoknowssomeEnglishandFrench.4）在therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中，先行詞指人時(shí)。

eg.Thereisayoungladywhoissingasong.1)當(dāng)先行詞是all，little，much，none，everything，anything，nothing等代詞時(shí)。2）當(dāng)先行詞前面有theonly，thevery，thelast等修飾時(shí)。3）當(dāng)序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾先行詞時(shí)。4）當(dāng)先行詞前面有only，all，any，no等修飾時(shí)。5）當(dāng)主句是以疑問詞who或which開頭的特殊疑問句時(shí)。6）先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)。關(guān)系代詞只用that的情況區(qū)分：限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句

根據(jù)定語從句與先行詞關(guān)系的密切程度，定語從句可以分為限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句，二者在用法和形式上的區(qū)別如下：

區(qū)分點(diǎn)限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句限制程度對(duì)先行詞起修飾限定作用，不可或缺，去掉后對(duì)主句意思有影響對(duì)先行詞或主句起補(bǔ)充說明作用，去掉后主句意思仍然完整句子結(jié)構(gòu)先行詞與從句之間沒有逗號(hào)先行詞與從句之間有逗號(hào)分開翻譯方式多譯成前置定語多譯成并列句關(guān)系詞的省略作賓語的關(guān)系代詞可以省略任何關(guān)系詞均不可省略，且不可用that先行詞的不同先行詞不可以是整個(gè)主句先行詞可以是整個(gè)主句Practice:課本P56.

Thepeople_________liveinWenchuancountywillneverforgettheday12May2008.

The

8.0-magnitudeearthquake_________killedover80,000peopleandleftmanymoreinjuredturnedmanytownsandcountiesintoruins.Therescuework___________followedwascarriedoutbypeoplefromalloverthecountry,andevenabroad.

Now,morethan10yearson,thepeople___________sufferedtheearthquakearelivinganewlife.Manyliveinnewtowns_________areearthquake-safe,inlocalcommunities_________havebeenbeautifullyrebuiltbythegovernment.Thepeoplewillneverforget

those

_________rescuedthemandhelpedthemrebuildtheirhome.Outofgratitude,manyyoung

adults________werestudentsduringtheearthquakehavechosentostudymedicineorjointhearmyinawishtohelpmorepeople.Wenchuan,thecounty___________wascompletelydestroyedandthencompletelyrebuilt,hasbecomea

symboloftheChinesespiritofnevergivingup.whowhich/thatwhowhowhich/thatwhich/thatwhich/thatwhich/thatwho優(yōu)秀課件，精彩無限！1313關(guān)系副詞先行詞在從句中的成分when時(shí)間時(shí)間狀語where地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)狀語whyreason原因狀語關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句1.whenIwillneverforgetthosedays___________wehadgreatfun.when先行詞是表時(shí)間的名詞（time,day,week,month,year,etc.）且【插入的部分】

在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語；2.whereThisisourschool_________westudyandmakefriends..where先行詞是表地點(diǎn)的名詞(place,room,home,street,town,city,country,etc.)且【插入的部分】

在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語；eg.Iwastrappedinanawkwardatmosphere(一個(gè)尷尬的氣氛)___________myshortswasbroken.

注意：當(dāng)先行詞為抽象地點(diǎn)時(shí)where抽象地點(diǎn)有：situation（處境）、case（情況）、stage（階段）、atmosphere（氣氛）、occasion（場(chǎng)合）等3.why③Ican'tbelievethereason____________hewaslate.why先行詞是reason；（只能是reason）且【插入的部分】

在定語從句中作原因狀語；1.Itwasatimewhenpeopleweredividedgeographically.2.EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountrywheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.3.Therearemanyreasonswhypeoplelearnaforeignlanguage.4.ThesewereanimalbonesandshellsonwhichsymbolswerecarvedbyancientChinesepeople.Practice課本P64WhenIstartedstudyingGerman,itwasastruggle.Thewordsfeltstrangeonmytongue,andthegrammarwouldnotstayinmyhead.ItoldmymumthatIwantedtogiveup,andthatIwouldneverliveinacountry______Germanwasspoken.Mymumtoldmethatstudyingalanguagewasnotjustformyfuture.ltwasexerciseforthebrain;wheren.舌頭;語言vi.&n.斗爭(zhēng);搏斗課本P64themoreIlearntofalanguage,themoremybrainwouldgrow.AndIrememberthatday_______IsuddenlyfeltlikeGermanwasnolongeraforeignlanguage.Itfeltlikemybrainhaddoubledinsize.Ihadfinallycometoaplace______Icouldthinkinthisforeignlanguage,andIcouldseetheworldfromadifferentpointofview,IfeltasifIhadreachedthegoal_________Ihadbeenfightingfor.Icouldopenabookandseemeanings,notjustaseaofwords.Ifinallyunderstoodthereason_______mymumhadencouragedmenottogiveup.Thanks,Mum!whenwhich/thatwherewhy觀點(diǎn);看法定語從句解題四步驟1.

找出先行詞2.把先行詞代入從句中3.

分析先行詞在定語從句中的成分（做主語、賓語、定語或狀語？）4.選擇合適的關(guān)系詞替換進(jìn)去。一找

二代

三分析

四選擇缺句子主要成分,用關(guān)系代詞；不缺成分，作狀語用關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞與關(guān)系代詞的區(qū)分1.Thereason________

IamunhappyisthatImissmyhometown