2018_2019學(xué)年高中英語Unit18BeautySectionⅧGrammar學(xué)案（含解析）北師大版.docx

Section Grammar單元語法項目(一) used to和would語法圖解探究發(fā)現(xiàn)He used to/would spend every penny he earned on books.He used to/would take a walk near the forest in the evening.She is no longer what she used to be.We would sit in the yard every evening and listen to his stories.There used to be a park here.Would you like me to carry it for you?我的發(fā)現(xiàn)(1)句都表示過去經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作， used to 與 would 可以互換。(2)句中的 used to 表示過去的行為同現(xiàn)在作對比，含有“過去怎么樣，而現(xiàn)在卻不這樣了”的意義。(3)句中的would表示過去重復(fù)性的行為。(4)句中的used to表示過去的狀態(tài)。(5)句中的would表示委婉地提出看法、請求或建議等。一、used to的用法1used to表示過去的習(xí)慣動作或狀態(tài)現(xiàn)在已不存在，其后接動詞原形。He used to play football when he was young.他年輕的時候常常踢足球。I used to live in Beijing, but now I live in Shanghai.我過去住在北京，但是現(xiàn)在住在上海。2used to在句中的幾種形式：(1)否定式過去我不喜歡歌劇。(2)疑問式過去你喜歡歌劇嗎？(3)反意疑問式如果是there used to be .句型，附加疑問句用wasnt/werent there。You used to like opera, didnt you?你過去喜歡歌劇，是嗎？There used to be a church here, wasnt there?過去這里有座教堂，是嗎？即時演練1(1)句型轉(zhuǎn)換We used to go swimming in summer.(變?yōu)榉穸ň?We didnt_use_to_go swimming in summer.My sister used to be shy when she was at school.(變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧?Did_your_sister_use_to_be shy when she was at school?(2)完成句子I dont play golf now, but I used_to (過去常常打)We didnt_use_to/usednt_to (過去不常) go out to walk.There didnt_use_to_be/usednt_to_be (過去沒有) so many shops.I havent_got_used_to (沒習(xí)慣) the new system yet.二、would的用法1would是will的過去式，表示過去的“意志、意愿”，可用于多種人稱。They said that they would help us.他們說他們愿意幫助我們。2would指的是現(xiàn)在的時間時，表示說話人的意愿或向?qū)Ψ教岢稣埱?，語氣比will委婉，也可表示委婉地提出看法、請求、建議等。I would like to have a try.我想試一試。Would you like me to carry it for you?我?guī)湍隳煤脝?？Im afraid the journey would be too expensive.我恐怕這次旅行的費用太高了。3表示過去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作或過去的一種傾向。On summer evenings they would sit out in the garden.在夏天的晚上他們經(jīng)常坐在外面的花園里。4用在虛擬語氣中。If you had come earlier, you would have seen him.如果你早來一點兒，你就能見到他。即時演練2完成句子On Sundays he_would_come_and_work_with_us on those days.在那些日子里，每當(dāng)星期日他總會來和我們一起勞動。Mary would_come_to_me when she was in trouble.瑪麗有困難時總是來找我。If I were to do the job, I_would_do_it_in_a_different_way.要是我來做這項工作，我會用另一種方法。三、used to和would的用法比較1相同點(1)would 與 used to 都可用來表示過去經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作，常?？梢該Q用。When we were boys we used to/would go for an outing every spring.小時候，每到春天我們都要去郊游。When I was young I used to/would get up early.我年輕時經(jīng)常早起。(2)would 與 used to 都不能用來表示動作發(fā)生的具體頻度或具體的一段時間。我去過法國六次。他在非洲住過二十年。2不同點(1)used to表示“過去常?！保岛艾F(xiàn)在不再了”的意思，強調(diào)今昔對比。would只表示過去情況，與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)，只表示說話人對過去事實的回顧和陳述。不含有“過去如此，現(xiàn)在不再這樣”的意味。He would go to the park as soon as he was free.過去，他總是一有空就去公園。(現(xiàn)在有可能還去)(2)would表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作。如果某一動作沒有反復(fù)就不能用would，只能用used to。He was so busy that he would work into the night.他過去很忙，以至于總是工作到深夜。(具有反復(fù)性)I used to live in a flat.我過去住在一套公寓房里。(沒有反復(fù)性)(3)used to還可與be動詞連用，表示過去的狀態(tài)，而would則不可以。She used to be a quiet girl.她以前是個文靜的女孩。不可以說：She would be a quiet girl.(4)used to本身就指過去的習(xí)慣性動作或狀態(tài)，所以通常不與often, frequently, sometimes等連用；而would則往往帶有這些狀語。Often in holidays, he would go to some places of interest.過去，通常在假期期間，他會去參觀一些名勝。He would sometimes sit alone, deep in thought.過去，有時候他獨自坐著陷入沉思。即時演練3(1)選詞填空： would, used toWhen working in the same office, we would/used_to help each other.He is much richer than what he used_to be.He got promoted as the CEO of the firm, and therefore, he isnt what he used_to be.When he was there, he would go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day.When we were children we would/used_to go skating every winter.In China, women used_to/would wear jewellery on their heads.(2)對比翻譯他過去常吸很多煙。(現(xiàn)在不吸了)He_used_to_smoke_a_lot.他年輕時，總是吸很多煙。(只陳述過去的這種習(xí)慣，與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)?，F(xiàn)在可能吸也可能不吸)He_would_smoke_a_lot_when_he_was_young.選詞填空：would, used to1People used_to believe that the earth was flat.2There used_to be a tall tree here.3I dont swim as often as I used_to.4He would sit there alone, thinking.5I would/used_to go to school by bike when I was young.6Would you mind leaving us alone for a few minutes?7I actually believe that we would be in Xian now if you hadnt been caught drunk driving last month.8“I would do anything for our country，” said the soldier.完成句子1My daughter used_to_like_chocolates,_but now she likes fruits.我女兒過去喜歡巧克力，但現(xiàn)在喜歡水果。2Yet, he can not but remember China as it_used_to_be.然而，他不會不記得舊日的中國。3When she was sad, she_used_to/would_sit_in_front_of_that_mirror doing nothing.當(dāng)她傷心的時候，她總是坐在那面鏡子前，什么也不做。4When he was young, he_would_sleep_late_on_Sundays,_just as he does now.他年輕的時候，總在星期天睡懶覺，就像現(xiàn)在一樣。5I dont smoke these days, but_I_used_to.我現(xiàn)在不抽煙，但過去抽。6When we worked in the same office, we_would_often_have_coffee_together.我們過去在同一間辦公室工作的時候，經(jīng)常一起喝咖啡。單元語法項目(二)限定詞語法圖解探究發(fā)現(xiàn)I called on Sherlock Holmes on the second morning.There is a story about that hat which will help you solve another mysterious crime.There is some dust on it and several spots.The text first mentions a man and a goose and later the man and the goose.He caused his parents a great deal of pain.There are a lot of faults in your paper.我的發(fā)現(xiàn)(1)數(shù)詞作限定詞的為句。(2)冠詞作限定詞的有句。(3)形容詞性指示代詞作限定詞的有句。(4)形容詞性物主代詞作限定詞的有句。(5)形容詞性不定代詞作限定詞的有句。一、概念限定詞是在名詞詞組中對名詞中心詞起特指、類指以及表示確定數(shù)量和非確定數(shù)量等限定作用的詞類。His new computer is very expensive.他的新電腦很昂貴。His grandfather lives in that small village.他爺爺住在那個小村莊里。二、種類冠詞a, an, the形容詞性指示代詞this, that, these, those形容詞性物主代詞my, your, our, his, her, their, its形容詞性不定代詞both, every, much, some, any, a few數(shù)詞one, two .; first, second .；onethird, threefifths .特指形容詞next, only, etc.The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.太陽東升西落。My grandfather is a very kind man.我祖父是一個非常友善的人。He bought some new books for us.他給我們買了一些新書。That new house was built last year.那棟新房子是去年建的。If you dont like this one, try another.如果你不喜歡這一個，請再試另一個。That is the only access to the cave.那是入洞的唯一通道。名師點津冠詞表類指有3種情況：不定冠詞a/an，定冠詞the和零冠詞都可泛指類。A tiger is a type of very large fierce wild cat that has yellow fur with black bands across.老虎是一種毛皮為黃色、全身長滿黑色條紋、形體很大的兇猛的野生貓科動物。The car goes faster than the bike.汽車比自行車跑得快。Farmers are busy harvesting and planting in autumn.農(nóng)民們在秋天忙于收獲和播種。即時演練1用適當(dāng)?shù)墓谠~填空(2015浙江高考單選)Janes grandmother had wanted to write a childrens book for many years, but one thing or another always got in the way.(2015陜西高考單選)The more learned a man is, the more modest he usually becomes.(2015四川高考單選)Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be a Beethoven.A oneyearold child was reported to have been left alone for over two days.How do you like the movie?It is not a little interesting.三、用法用法例詞只能限定單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞的限定詞another, each，neither, either，the whole, every, a/an, one .只能限定復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞的限定詞many, several, these, those, a couple of, a number of .只能限定不可數(shù)名詞的限定詞much, (a) little, a bit of, a great deal of, an amount of .既可限定不可數(shù)名詞，又可限定單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞和復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞的限定詞all, any, half, my, your, our . no, the rest of, the same, some, such, what, this, that, which, whose, the .既可限定不可數(shù)名詞，又可限定復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞的限定詞enough, more, most, plenty of, a quantity of, a lot of, lots of, less .既可限定單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，又可限定復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞的限定詞next, last, the other, first, second .There is another way of looking at the question. 還有另一種辦法來看待這個問題。She clasped Helens hands in both hers. 她用雙手抓住海倫的手。She had little affection for him. 她對他沒有什么感情。All the children were under seven.所有的孩子都不到七歲。I have a lot of American friends.我有很多美國朋友。We spent the last days of our holiday. 我們度過了假期的最后幾天。名師點津(1)another, the other, others, other用法不同：another“另一，又一，再一”，后接單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞(三者或三者以上的另一個)；“還，又，再”，后接復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。the other后接名詞或代詞，指兩者中的“另一個”，常與one連用，意為“另一個”。others沒有范圍，指別的人或物。other “別的，其他的”，要放在量詞和數(shù)詞之后。many other things“許多別的東西”。We walked another three hundred yards.我們又走了三百碼。(2)多個形容詞作定語的排列順序如果兩個以上的形容詞修飾一個名詞時，常用順序：限定詞(these, those .)數(shù)量形容詞描繪性形容詞表大小、長短、高低等形體性形容詞新舊顏色國籍材料用途被修飾的名詞。those three beautiful large old red Chinese wood writing desks那三張漂亮的巨大紅色中國古代舊木制寫字桌即時演練2選詞填空Finished?No, Ive another three questions to do.The old couple had two sons.One son went to live in Australia and the_other one was killed in a car crash.Can you think of other ways of doing this exercise?Saying is one thing while doing is another.Shes worried because she has got some interviews next week and they always make her nervous.Any bus will take you to Kings Cross so get on the first that comes along.Theres no reason to be rude all the time.選詞填空1Coul