2019年高中英語(yǔ)Module6TheTangPoemsSectionⅢGrammar—情態(tài)動(dòng)詞教案外研版選修8.docx

Section Grammar 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)法圖解探究發(fā)現(xiàn)The topic of the poem cant be travel.It must be something more personal.It may be friendship.It might be the journey through life.Li Bai must have had a strange life.He cant have been interested in a normal life.He may have died when he fell out of a boat.You should read the poem sometime.Could you answer a few questions, please?I told her to stop singing, but she wouldnt listen.我的發(fā)現(xiàn)(1)句表示推測(cè)，其中句表示對(duì)過(guò)去所發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)。(2)句表示說(shuō)話人的意愿，意為“應(yīng)該”，句表示請(qǐng)求，句表示意愿。一、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)(一)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)的三種句式1在肯定句中一般用must(一定)，may(可能)，might/could(也許，或許)。You have worked hard all day.You must be tired.你辛苦干了一整天，一定累了。The thought that she might be ill annoyed him.想到她或許病了，他就不安。2否定句中用cant/couldnt(不可能)，may not/might not(可能不)。If Tom didnt leave here until five oclock, he cant be home yet.如果湯姆五點(diǎn)才離開(kāi)這兒，他此時(shí)一定還未到家。He said that I might not borrow his car.他說(shuō)我可能不用借他的車。3疑問(wèn)句中用can/could(能？)。Could he have finished the task?他可能把任務(wù)完成了嗎？Can he be at home now?他現(xiàn)在能在家嗎？即時(shí)演練1用適當(dāng)?shù)那閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞填空He must be ill. He looks so pale.He was afraid they might not agree with him, but I am not quite sure.It cant/couldnt be the headmaster. He has gone to America.Someone is knocking at the door. Who can it be?It may take a long time to find a solution to the problem. (二)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)的三種時(shí)態(tài)1對(duì)將來(lái)情況的推測(cè)，用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞原形”。She must/may/might arrive before 5：00 pm.下午5：00前她一定/可能/也許到。2對(duì)現(xiàn)在或一般情況的推測(cè)，用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞be”“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞be doing”或“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞原形”。At this moment, our teacher must/may/might/could be correcting our exam papers.這時(shí)，我們老師一定/可能/也許在批改試卷。Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How can/could he be late for the opening ceremony?布什先生一向準(zhǔn)時(shí)，這次開(kāi)幕式他怎么可能遲到呢？3對(duì)過(guò)去情況的推測(cè)，用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞have過(guò)去分詞”。I didnt hear the phone. I must have been asleep.我剛才沒(méi)有聽(tīng)到電話，我一定是睡著了。The door is locked. He can not have been at home.門(mén)鎖著，他不可能在家。(三)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)的特殊用法(1)can除了表示推測(cè)，用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句中外，還可以用于肯定句中，表示“在某段時(shí)間內(nèi)一時(shí)的可能性”。It can be quite windy there, especially in spring.那里有時(shí)容易刮風(fēng)，特別在春季。(2)must表示“一定，非得；偏要”，語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)烈。If you must ask for a leave today, you must give out your reason.如果今天你非要請(qǐng)假的話，你就得說(shuō)出理由。即時(shí)演練2(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空Listen, he must be_reading (read) English. Since nobody gave him any help, he must have_done (do) the research on his own.It is important to know about the cultural differences that may cause (cause) problems.(2)選詞填空(must/may/might/can/cant) If you must go, at least wait until the storm is over.We enjoy good weather in January, but sometimes it can be terribly cold. I havent decided where Im going for my holiday. I may/might go to France. The story he told cant be true, because it is not reasonable. Can they finish this before the deadline? 二、should, could, would的用法(一)could的用法1表示過(guò)去一般的能力(即想做某事就隨時(shí)可以做某事的能力)。Could you speak English then?那時(shí)候你會(huì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)嗎？名師點(diǎn)津若表示過(guò)去的特定能力(即在過(guò)去特定場(chǎng)合做某事的能力)，則不能用could，而用was (were) able to do sth.或用managed to do sth.或用succeeded in doing sth.等。The fire was very big but everyone was able to escape from the building.火勢(shì)很兇猛，但大家都逃了出來(lái)。2could表示推測(cè)，表示某事有可能發(fā)生或可能是事實(shí)。在肯定句中沒(méi)有must那么有把握；在否定句中沒(méi)有cant那么有把握。He couldnt be a bad man.他不大可能是壞人。He could have gone home. 他可能已回家了。3比較委婉客氣地提出問(wèn)題或陳述看法。Could you drive me to the station? 你可以開(kāi)車送我去車站嗎？We could take the train or alternatively go by car. 我們可以坐火車去，也可以坐汽車去。4表示驚異、懷疑、不相信等態(tài)度。How could he say such a thing!他竟說(shuō)出這種話來(lái)！5could have done表示“可能已經(jīng)”。此外，它還可以表示“本能夠做某事(而沒(méi)有做)”，暗含惋惜之情。You could have done better if you had been more careful.你要是再細(xì)心一點(diǎn)，是可以做得更好的。(二)should的用法1表示義務(wù)、建議、勸告，意為“應(yīng)該”，用于各種人稱。其同義詞是ought to。Every citizen should obey the law. 每個(gè)公民都應(yīng)當(dāng)遵守法律。You shouldnt waste any time.你不應(yīng)該浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。2表示推測(cè)：用于肯定句，表示按常規(guī)、常理的推測(cè)，意為“按理說(shuō)應(yīng)該”。The film should be very good as it is starring firstclass actors. 這部電影是一流演員主演的，應(yīng)該拍得很好。If all goes according to plan we should be in Shanghai tomorrow.如果一切按照預(yù)定的計(jì)劃進(jìn)行，明天我們就在上海了。3表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)某事不能理解，感到意外、驚異等意思。意為“竟會(huì)”。It is a pity that he should miss such a golden opportunity.他竟錯(cuò)過(guò)如此大好機(jī)會(huì)，真可惜。4用于某些從句中表示虛擬語(yǔ)氣。She suggested that they should book the ticket in advance. 她建議他們預(yù)先訂票。5should have done sth.表示“本應(yīng)該做某事(而事實(shí)上并沒(méi)有做)”。shouldnt have done sth.表示“本不該做某事(而事實(shí)上做了)”。You should have turned in your homework yesterday. 你們本該昨天交作業(yè)。 (三)would的用法1表示請(qǐng)求、建議等，would比will委婉客氣。在疑問(wèn)句中用于第二人稱。Would you please lend me your pencil? 請(qǐng)把鉛筆借給我用用好嗎？2表示意愿，在陳述語(yǔ)氣和虛擬語(yǔ)氣中都可用。He would not leave before he finished his work.他在完成工作以前不愿離開(kāi)。3表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣、例行的活動(dòng)或過(guò)去的一種傾向。He would sit at the table, deep in thought.他總是坐在桌邊，陷入沉思。4用在虛擬語(yǔ)氣的主句中。If you went to see him, he would be delighted.如果你去看他，他一定非常高興。She would have come if she hadnt been so busy.要不是因?yàn)槊λ蛠?lái)了。即時(shí)演練3(1)選詞填空(could/should/would)I dont like fish, so I would not eat it unless I was extremely hungry.Every time she was in trouble, she would turn to him for help.We should have checked the time before we left.You cant imagine that a wellbehaved gentleman should be so rude to a lady. I could not have enjoyed myself more it was a perfect day. You could have done it well, but you were too careless.(2)完成句子They were_able_to_escape from the flood.他們成功地從洪水中逃離。He would_read_aloud in the morning when he was a student.他過(guò)去上學(xué)時(shí)總是在早晨大聲朗讀。We should_not_have_made_fun_of her in the classroom.我們本不應(yīng)當(dāng)在教室里開(kāi)她的玩笑。If the car should_break_down on the way, you would have to walk back.萬(wàn)一汽車中途拋錨，你就得走回來(lái)。Could/Can/May I use the phone?我可以用這個(gè)電話嗎？.用適當(dāng)?shù)那閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞填空1(2017北京高考)Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, can easily reach the books on the top shelf.2(2016全國(guó)卷)Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic.Truly elegant chopsticks might be_made (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters.3(2016北京高考改編)I love the weekend, because I need not get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.4(2015北京高考)Cant you stay a little longer?Its getting late. I really must go now. My daughter is home alone.5(2015福建高考)Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again.Oh, its too bad. You should have made full preparations.6(2015陜西高考)You may/might feel all the training a waste of time, but Im a hundred percent sure later youll be grateful you did it.7(2015四川高考)You must be careful with the camera. It costs!8(2015重慶高考)You must be Carol. You havent changed a bit after all these years.9The traffic is heavy these days. I might arrive a bit late, so could you save me a place?10. When he was there, he would go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day. .完成句子1(2017全國(guó)卷書(shū)面表達(dá))If you will join, you_may_send_your_information_to intlpasspptgmschool. com.如果你想加入，你可以往.發(fā)送你的個(gè)人信息。2(2016全國(guó)卷書(shū)面表達(dá))Id appreciate it if you_could_do_me_a_favor.如果你能幫助我，我會(huì)非常感激。3(2016全國(guó)卷書(shū)面表達(dá))Im sorry to say that I_cannot_go_to_the_bookstore_with_you on Friday afternoon.非常抱歉星期五下午我不能和你去書(shū)店了。4(2015四川高考滿分作文)You mentioned that you would_like_to_teach_English in return, which is exactly what I am dying for. 你提到你愿意教英語(yǔ)作為回報(bào)，這正是我所渴望的事。5(2015陜西高考書(shū)面表達(dá))I will be grateful if you could_give_me_a_kind_consideration.如果你能多加關(guān)照，我將不勝感激。6We could_have_finished it yesterday, but we ran out of time.我們昨天就應(yīng)該做完這件事的，但我們沒(méi)有時(shí)間了。7Its strange that he should_be_late on such an important occasion.很奇怪，這么重要的一個(gè)場(chǎng)合他竟然遲到了。.短文改錯(cuò)I