高中英語(yǔ)Module3InterpersonalRelationshipsFriendshipSectionⅢGrammar_動(dòng)詞_ing形式的完成式作狀語(yǔ)和后接動(dòng)詞_ing形式或不定式的動(dòng)詞詞組教學(xué)案.docx

Module 3 Interpersonal Relationships Friendship Section Grammar-動(dòng)詞-ing形式的完成式作狀語(yǔ)和后接動(dòng)詞-ing形式或不定式的動(dòng)詞（詞組）語(yǔ)法圖解探究發(fā)現(xiàn)I was twelve and, having lostall my old friends, I felt shy and lonely at my new school.Having been operated on the leg, he cant walk as usual.Not having made adequate preparations, they put off the sports meeting till next Friday.He often invited me to join his particular group, and as a result, I started getting/to get to know people.I like lying/to lie on my back staring at the sky.我的發(fā)現(xiàn)(1)以上句中，句中的黑體部分在句中作狀語(yǔ)，句中黑體部分在句中作賓語(yǔ)。(2)由句可知，動(dòng)詞ing形式的完成式為having_done，否定式為not_having_done，完成被動(dòng)式為having_been_done。(3)句中，動(dòng)詞ing 形式與不定式作賓語(yǔ)意義相差不大。(a，b)(a，b)(a，b)句中，動(dòng)詞ing形式與不定式作賓語(yǔ)意義區(qū)別很大， 其中a句中作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞ing形式的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，b句中作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)作未發(fā)生。一、動(dòng)詞ing形式的完成式作狀語(yǔ)1動(dòng)詞ing形式的完成式的構(gòu)成：having過(guò)去分詞。動(dòng)詞ing形式的完成式表示該動(dòng)作發(fā)生于句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作之前。動(dòng)詞ing形式的完成式在句中常作狀語(yǔ)，表示原因、時(shí)間、讓步等，?？赊D(zhuǎn)換成相應(yīng)的狀語(yǔ)從句。Having written the letter, he went to post it.After he had written the letter, he went to post it.寫(xiě)完信后，他去寄走它。(時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))2動(dòng)詞ing形式的完成式的否定式為：nothaving過(guò)去分詞。Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examination.Because he hadnt studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examination.因?yàn)闆](méi)有努力學(xué)習(xí)，所以他考試不及格。3動(dòng)詞ing形式的完成式的被動(dòng)式為：havingbeen過(guò)去分詞。Having been toldmany times, he still repeated the same mistake.Although he has been told many times, he still repeated the same mistake.已經(jīng)被告知多次，他仍犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤。(讓步狀語(yǔ))即時(shí)演練1(1)用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空Having_read (read) the chapter four times, I finally understood the authors theory.Having_been_warned (warn) of danger in the street at night, she had to go home with a friend following her.(2)句型轉(zhuǎn)換After he had finished his homework, the little boy began to play Internet games.Havingfinishedhishomework,_the little boy began to play Internet games.As he had been there many times, he offered to be our guide.Havingbeentheremanytimes,_he offered to be our guide.二、后接動(dòng)詞ing形式或不定式的動(dòng)詞(詞組)1可用動(dòng)詞ing形式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞(詞組)(1)常見(jiàn)的能用動(dòng)詞ing形式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：advise, admit, allow, avoid, consider, miss, keep, practice, finish, enjoy, appreciate, forbid, imagine, risk, suggest, mind, permit等。He enjoys listening to light music.他喜歡聽(tīng)輕音樂(lè)。(2)常見(jiàn)的能用動(dòng)詞ing形式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞詞組有：look forward to, lead to, stick to, object to, get down to, pay attention to, cant stand, feel like, insist on, be busy in, have difficulty (in), spend time (in)等。He insists on doing physical training.他堅(jiān)持體育鍛煉。(3)advise, allow, forbid, permit等動(dòng)詞后可直接跟動(dòng)詞ing形式作賓語(yǔ)，也可跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。We dont allow eating in the classroom.我們不允許在教室里吃飯。You cant allow fearto impact how you operate.你不能讓恐懼對(duì)你的行為方式有影響。即時(shí)演練2用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空I appreciate having_been_given (give) the opportunity to study abroad two years ago.He always avoids talking (talk) to me.Would you mind my opening (open) the window?Can you imagine him becoming (become) famous as an actor?Lydia doesnt feel like studying (study) abroad.Her parents are old.2可用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞(詞組)(1)能接不定式作賓語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞有：agree, choose, decide, determine, learn, afford, want, expect, hope, refuse, manage, wish, pretend, offer, promise, plan等。As a student, he cant afford to buy a car now.作為一個(gè)學(xué)生，他現(xiàn)在買(mǎi)不起轎車(chē)。(2)能接“疑問(wèn)詞不定式”作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：show, understand, tell, explain, teach, learn, know, ask, decide, wonder等。He didnt knowhow to deal with the accident.他不知道怎樣處理這場(chǎng)事故。名師點(diǎn)津此用法中的不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)需要與句子的主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)一致，否則用賓語(yǔ)從句。即時(shí)演練3(1)單句改錯(cuò)My English teacher promised to lending some books to me.lendinglendThe train was late and at best I could only hope to being home tomorrow.beingbeCan you inform me when to beginning our final examination？beginningbegin(2)完成句子He showed us how_to_do_the_work.他給我們演示怎么做這項(xiàng)工作。I dont know what_to_do.我不知道做些什么。3可用動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)詞ing形式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞(詞組)(1)下列動(dòng)詞(詞組)后可跟不定式或動(dòng)詞ing形式作賓語(yǔ)，但在意義上卻有著明顯的差別。rememberforgetregrettrymeango onPlease rememberto give my best regards to your family.請(qǐng)記著代我向你的家人問(wèn)好。Dont you remember telling me the story yesterday?難道你不記得昨天告訴我這個(gè)故事了嗎？(2)有些動(dòng)詞(like, love, hate, begin, start, continue, intend等)既可跟不定式又可跟動(dòng)名詞，不定式表示特定的未來(lái)事件，動(dòng)名詞表示抽象的概念，但在許多情況下可以互換。I intend studying/to study abroad.我打算出國(guó)留學(xué)。(3)動(dòng)詞want, need, require作“需要”解，而且當(dāng)物作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，常跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，如果跟不定式要用被動(dòng)式。The old house requires repairing/to be repaired.那座舊房子需要修了。即時(shí)演練4(1)用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空Remember to_return (return) the book to me.But I remember returning (return) it to you.The doctor tried to_cure (cure) the woman of her illness, so he tried treating (treat) her with a new medicine.That would mean wasting (waste) a lot of labor.Really？I dont mean to_waste (waste) any labor.(2)句型轉(zhuǎn)換My bike needs cleaning.My bike needs tobecleaned.These young trees requires to be watered.These young trees requires watering.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1Having_been_repaired (repair), the motorcycle must be given a good road test.2Bill suggested holding (hold) a meeting on what to do next.3Not_having_read (not read) all the required papers, he didnt answer the questions in class.4Having_succeeded (succeed) in the last examination, she was more confident of another success in the coming one.5I have long been looking forward to meeting (meet) you.6You should learn to_be (be) independent of your parents.7Cars are not allowed to_go (go) through the city centre.8I havent decided when to_start (start); Im thinking it over in my mind.9She likes swimming but she doesnt like to_swim (swim) this afternoon.10She regretted not having_studied (study)the computer hard.完成句子1This plant needs_watering/to_be_watered twice a week.這種植物一星期要澆兩次。2Not_having_completed_the_project,_ they wont stop to have a rest.還沒(méi)完成這個(gè)項(xiàng)目，他們不會(huì)停下來(lái)休息的。3I got up very early this morning to avoid missing_the_flight.今天早上我很早就起床了，以避免錯(cuò)過(guò)航班。4You must remember_to_tell_him all about it.你千萬(wàn)要記著把這一切告訴他。5Having_left_the_key_in_my_office,_I had to go back and get it.把鑰匙忘在辦公室了，我必須回去拿。6I suggested going_for_a_walk after supper.我建議晚飯后去散步。.短文改錯(cuò)When I was in high school, I wasnt very popula