譯林版高中英語選修8學(xué)案：例句精講 Unit2　.doc

例句精講1. the story then takes on classic love triangle featuring calaf, turandot, and liu, whose love for calaf is unconditional.故事隨后演繹了發(fā)生在卡拉夫、圖蘭朵和柳兒三人之間的經(jīng)典三角戀情，其中，柳兒對卡拉夫的愛是無條件的?！厩山饩錁?gòu)】句中whose love for calaf is unconditional 是由whose引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句。短語taken on 表示“呈現(xiàn);體現(xiàn)”?！就卣寡由臁?)whose 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，whose通常指人，也可以指事物，在從句中作賓語。2）who的所有格，如：the old man whose son is in the army is my uncle.那個兒子在部隊的老人是我叔叔。the team is headed by a 44-year-old mongolian, whose wife was a tibetan.隊長是個44歲的蒙古人，他的妻子是個西藏人。3）which的所有格（of which）,如：he borrowed a book whose author(the author of which)was a peasant.他借了一本書，書的作者是個農(nóng)民。there is a mysterious lake at the foot of the hill, whose depth(=the depth of which)has never been measured.山腳下有個神秘的湖，其深度從未測量過。4）take on 短語的義項become popular 受歡迎；流行we introduced a new sports car last year, but it never took on.去年我們引進一種新型跑車，但不受歡迎。the new song sounds beautiful and soon took on.這首新歌聽起來很美，因此很快就流行開來。put on (a quality, appearance)呈現(xiàn)；表現(xiàn)the lake has taken on a new look after being protected.活泊受到保護后呈現(xiàn)出新的面貌。常見的taken 短語有：take out 拿出;帶出去take place 發(fā)生;產(chǎn)生;進行;舉行take up 拿起;著手處理;開始;繼續(xù)take sth. apart 拆開take back 收回;帶回take for認為;以為;誤認為take it easy不緊張take over接管;接收;接任;接替take to喜歡;養(yǎng)成;開始;從事于take a walk失蹤take away拿走;奪去;使離去take down拆卸;拆毀;記下;拿下;咽下take in接受;收容;吸收;欺騙take off脫掉;去掉;拿走;取消2. i applied for the job, and they sent me an invitation to try out for a part in the chorus.我申請了這份工作，他們給我發(fā)了邀請，讓我在合唱團里試演一個角色。【巧解句構(gòu)】這是一個由and連接的并列結(jié)構(gòu)，句中短語apply for意思是“申請”，try out表示“試用，測試”?！就卣寡由臁?）apply 的常見短語apply to sb. for sth.向某人申請某事或請求某人apply sth. to sth.把運用到（貼到、涂到）apply to sb. /sth.與某人/某物有關(guān)apply oneself to sth./doing sth.集中精力做某事apply ones mind to.專心于如：he applied to them for assistance.他向他們請求幫助。what i have said applies only to some of you.我所說的只適用于你們當(dāng)中的一部分人。the nurse applied a bandage to the wound.護士將傷口包上繃帶。the results of this research can be applied to new developments in technology.這項研究成果能應(yīng)用于新的技術(shù)開發(fā)。for further information, please apply to the secretary of the company.欲了解詳情，請與本公司的秘書聯(lián)系。youll only pass your exams if you really apply yourself to your work.你只有真正專心致志用功，考試才能及格。2)短語try out意思是“試用，測試”。如：he could hardly wait to try out his new car.他迫不及待地想試開他的新車。與try有關(guān)的詞語：try your hand(at sth.)初試身手try it on (with sb.)對粗野無禮；耍弄；向行騙try your luck(at sth.)碰運氣try sth. on試穿（衣物）try out for sth.參加選拔（或試演）3. the empeor finds the deaths of so many men disturbing, and although he would like to, he cannot break his promise.國王為這么多男人為此而死亡感到煩惱，但他又不能違背自己的諾言，盡管他想這樣做?！厩山饩錁?gòu)】整個句子是由and 連接的并列結(jié)構(gòu)。句中find.disturbing表示“覺得很惱人（煩惱）”，although he would like to 采用了省略形式，break ones promise 表示“違背諾言，失信”?！疽c剖析】動詞不定式符號to后面的動詞或動詞短語在句中重復(fù)出現(xiàn)時，往往可以省略，使語言表達更為精煉。詳見“語法解讀”。誤區(qū)警示 如果不定式中含有be, have, have been,通常保留be, have和have been。如：1）are you a sailor?你是一名水手嗎？no, but i used to be.不，但我過去是。2）he hasnt finished yet.他還沒完成呢。well, he ought to have.哦，他早就應(yīng)該完成。4. the beatles brought western pop music to audience around the world as they went out on tours and played concerts in many different countries.隨著甲殼蟲樂隊在許多國家進行巡回演唱會，他們把西方流行音樂帶給了全世界的觀眾?！厩山饩錁?gòu)】句中as they went out on tours.是一個以as引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，表示“隨著，當(dāng)?shù)臅r候”?！就卣寡由臁縜s的用法歸納如下：1）用作連詞可引導(dǎo)比較、讓步、時間、原因等狀語從句。如：as he looked at her, she made a face.他看她時，她作了個鬼臉。（時間狀語）as he didnt know much english, he got out his dictionary and looked up the word.由于他不懂多少英語，因此他拿出來詞典查了這個單詞。（原因狀語）he doesnt speak as the other people do.他不像其他人那樣講話。（方式狀語）he is not so diligent as you.他不如你勤奮。（比較狀語）young as he is, he knows a lot.盡管很年輕，但他懂得很多。（讓步狀語）2）作關(guān)系代詞，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞前常用such, the same與之呼應(yīng)，構(gòu)成such.as.,the same.as.。如：well make such computers as are needed in different branches of science.我們將制造出各科學(xué)部門所需要的那種計算機。i am reading the same book as you.我們讀的是同一本書。3）作關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，as指前邊或后邊的整個句子。如：as you can see in the map, the two cities are far away from each other.如你在地圖上所見，兩座城市相距甚遠。as everybody knows, all that glitters is not gold.大家都知道，閃光的東西不都是金子。4）prep.作為；當(dāng)?shù)臅r候you will be welcomed as a hero tomorrow morning.明天早晨你將作為英雄而受到歡迎。as a young boy, he lost his parents in the war.當(dāng)還是個小孩時，他就在戰(zhàn)爭中失去了雙親。【辨析比較】1)as和whichas和which在引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時，這兩個關(guān)系代詞都指主句所表達的整個意思，且在定語從句中都可以作主語和賓語。但不同之處主要有兩點：as引導(dǎo)的定語從句可置于句首，而which不可。as代表前面的整個主句并在從句中作主語時，從句中的謂語常為系動詞；若為行為動詞，則從句中的關(guān)系代詞多用which。as可引導(dǎo)非限制性從句，常有“正如”之意。如：as we know, smoking is harmful to ones health.as is known(to us),smoking is harmful to ones health.as 是關(guān)系代詞。例中的as作know的賓語；例中as充當(dāng)從句的主語，謂語動詞know要用被動式。2)when, as和whichwhen從句表示某時刻或一段時間，如：i was